Abstract: A supporting beam for a paper machine foil or the like is constituted by a horizontal box-type beam, the height of which is in the range of about 1.3 to 2.5 times the breadth of the beam and the side walls of which extend substantially perpendicularly to the run of the paper machine wire which passes over the foil supported by the beam. According to the invention, to reduce the vibrations of the supporting beam, stiffener members are disposed in the rearward upper and forward lower quadrants of the interior of the beam extending parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof. The stiffener members function to incline the principal axes of inertia of the beam at a small positive angle to the vertical and horizontal planes passing through the center of gravity of the beam relative to the direction of run of the paper machine wire. The stiffener members are situated on the inwardly facing surfaces of the vertical side walls of the beam and preferably extend substantially over the entire length of the beam.

Abstract: The present invention discloses forming board elements for paper-making machines. The elements are provided with notches on their leading edges for generating longitudinal waves on the forming fabric. These waves induce transversal shear forces within the stock to break up fiber flocs which form within or downstream from the headbox.

Abstract: A forming shoe in a two-wire forming section of a paper making machine has a curved guiding surface which guides a joint run of the wires and web interposed therebetween over a curved path of travel wherein the web is dewatered under the effect of the pressure between the wires at least in a direction away from the forming shoe, the dewatering action being assisted by the curvature of the forming shoe due to centrifugal forces. According to the invention, the length of the active portion of the forming shoe guiding surface, the surface quality or characteristics of the guiding surface and/or the radius of curvature of the guiding surface are adjustable so that web formation and the dewatering capacity of the forming shoe are controlled. For this purpose one or more devices are coupled to the forming shoe by which the attitude and/or location thereof is adjustable.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing paper wherein a pair of endless curved wire devices operate to pass therebetween a sheet material to be treated for a dewatering operation or the like. A support structure in the form of individual support segments made from sintered oxide ceramics are arranged to extend over the width of the apparatus and are in contact with one another, with a plurality of the segments being arranged consecutively in the direction of the course of the wire devices, the segments having a maximum linear expanse of 700 mm per segment and having junction areas between consecutively arranged segments defining a gap for feeding cooling water to the guide wire devices.

Abstract: A longitudinal wire papermaking machine is disclosed wherein the longitudinal wire is guided in a dewatering region, following a pre-dewatering path, out of a wire plane downwardly over a deflection element and then upwardly over a downwardly domed or arched dewatering element towards the wire plane. The deflection element is arranged at a spacing K=approximately 15 to 80 mm from the dewatering element. The longitudinal wire is guided at the inlet section of the dewatering region, located between its outbound or run-off location at the deflection element and its lowest deflection location, over a negative pressure zone, for instance constituted by a suction chamber, which is effective at its underside. Hence, at the inlet section there is obtained a reduction in the suspension pressure and the fiber stock suspension is guided with an approximately constant total thickness lower into the dewatering region, i.e.

Abstract: A connecting arrangement for a hard-material plate, block or other member, serving as a support for a liquid-permeable web in a paper making or similar machine, in which the hard-material body, e.g. an oxide ceramic, receives a clip which also engages a rigid support for the body. According to the invention slots are formed in the hard-material body and are of circular-arc configuration whose inner radius is at least 1/2% smaller than the curvature of the free shanks of the clip engaging in the grooves.

Abstract: An improved hydrofoil for use in a paper forming apparatus, such as a fourdrinier, is provided with a nip on both the trailing edge and leading edge. The nip on the trailing edge is provided in a standard manner for desired drainage, while the nip in the leading edge of the foil is provided to "pump" water back into the paper material to break up wire side flocs.

Abstract: A dewatering apparatus contains a longitudinal wire and an additional wire which is guided, conjointly with the longitudinal wire, along a section of such longitudinal wire over a domed or arched surface. This domed or arched surface is formed, for instance, by the jacket or outer surface of a dewatering cylinder arranged within the wire loop of the longitudinal wire. The longitudinal wire is provided with a headbox and extends forwardly and after the dewatering apparatus essentially in a wire plane, above which upwardly rises the domed surface. Both of the wires are guided out of the wire plane over a dewatering shoe arranged within the wire loop of the additional wire towards the domed surface and from such--if desired over a deflection roll arranged beneath the wire plane--again towards the wire plane, where both wires separate from one another.

Abstract: A hydrofoil blade support member comprising a longitudinal extending hydrofoil body having a mounting element attached thereto. Hydrofoil blades are attached to the mounting element by a mounting device which allows the blades to extend in such longitudinal direction and further allows for spacing of such blades relative to each other in a variably selective dimension measured transverse to such longitudinal dimension. Spacing can be manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic.

Abstract: A twin wire former of a paper making machine in which one of the wires is supported on a surface of each of a number of forming shoes longitudinally spaced along the extent of the wires. Each forming shoe has a number of longitudinally spaced grooves in the surface contacted by the one wire, each of the grooves extending in a direction at an angle to the longitudinal direction less than 90.degree., such that scraping pressure applied to the raw material liquid guided between the two wires, by the surface between the grooves is released into the grooves. This arrangement of grooves creates a pressure difference in the raw paper material liquid in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the wires to produce a transverse flow of the raw paper material liquid, thereby reducing the machine-direction to cross-machine-direction ratio of the fibers of the paper being formed.

Abstract: A dehydrating blade for a paper machine comprising a surface portion made of ceramics, a base portion made from a synthetic resin material and having a T groove on the undersurface thereof, and a reinforcing material the top portion of which contacts with the undersurface of the surface portion and is placed in a groove formed by two projecting portions formed on the undersurface of the surface portion and which is buried in the base portion, is improved in preventing the blade from warping. When the base portion has on or more slits therein, the warping of the blade can be prevented completely.

Abstract: Relatively small easily exchangeable wear resistant inserts are mounted in a plurality of lengthwise grooves in a forming board or foil blade of a paper making machine so that a portion of each insert protrudes above the surface of the blade to form cross-machine direction channels on the blade. The channels promote agitation of the pulp stock on the forming fabric as it passes in contact with the blade.

Abstract: A double sieve or twin-wire papermaking machine possesses a substantially planar section of a lower band which is equipped with a headbox. Furthermore, it contains a shoe containing a domed surface and a dewatering cylinder. Arranged after the dewatering cylinder is a deflection roll which is located at the side of both bands, typically in the form of sieves, wires or filters, which face away from the dewatering cylinder. The shoe and the dewatering cylinder are located either within the lower band or within the upper band. The first deflection roll can have arranged thereafter a second deflection roll which is located at the same side of the lower band as the dewatering cylinder.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the position and location of a stationary device extending across the transverse dimension of a web in a paper machine for acting on the web during operation of the paper machine and by which the distance of the device from the web and/or its angular position is adjusted. The control apparatus is provided at both transverse ends of the frame of the stationary device and comprises a slide member assembly including a first slide member which supports the frame portion of the stationary device, a second slide member supported on the frame of the paper machine and an intermediate slide member situated between the first and second slide members and slidably engaging the same at respective engaging pairs of sliding surfaces thereof. The intermediate slide member and one of the first and second slide members have opposed engaging curved sliding surfaces, the center axis of such curvature substantially coinciding with a straight line defining the tip edge of the stationary device.

Abstract: A supporting member of the papermaking screen in paper machines is disclosed, which is made with a sintered body consisting essentially of silicon nitride, having a porosity of less than about 0.8% whereby the abrasion loss rate of the papermaking screen is able to be remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional supporting members made of alumina ceramic, as a result of which the useful life of the papermaking screen can be lengthened greatly.

Abstract: An elongate support bar of composite material for transverse support of a moving conveyor of a paper making machine, wherein the bar is composed of a wear-resistant nose portion of smooth, hard material, such as a plurality of ceramic plates, and a base portion of polymeric resinous material in which plates are adhesively secured. The undersurface of the base portion of the bar is provided with an elongate channel for slideable securement to a transverse support member of the paper making machine, and the bar is supported and dimensionally stabilized by a plurality of flexible filamentary strands of high tensile strength embedded within the resinous base portion in spaced relation and extending along the length of the bar.

Abstract: A paper making machine foil is provided with one or more of the following: a narrow angle (from 14.degree. to 23.degree.) forwardly projecting doctoring nose providing a water skimming edge, a layer of wear resisting material spaced rearwardly from the skimming edge and a wear resisting facing on and along an under surface of the nose and providing a self-sharpening water stripping tip for the skimming edge, and a metal (stainless steel) body provided with a downwardly opening recess within which is mounted a mounting member (rigid plastic) having a downwardly opening shaped groove receptive of a sliding connection for mounting the foil in a paper making machine.

Abstract: A fourdrinier table assembly of a length to underlie a substantial portion of the forming length of a traveling fourdrinier wire in a paper making machine, and having a plurality of supporting rails carried by supporting structure in side-to-side spaced relation to one another and arranged to span the forming length portion in the machine direction below the fourdrinier wire, a series of elongate dewatering foils being carried by and extending in cross machine direction across the supporting rails in spaced relation to one another along the length of the rails and adapted to act in dewatering relation with respect to the underside of the traveling fourdrinier wire. The foils are retained adjustably and replaceably on the rails. The supporting structure for the rails comprises beams extending in cross machine direction and spaced from one another in the machine direction.

Abstract: A papermaking machine has a dewatering mesh that passes over and is supported by a plurality of parallel dewatering bars extending transversely of the displacement direction of the mesh. Each bar has an elongated ceramic upper surface formed with a sharp front edge directed into the mesh displacement direction and each bar is carried on and displaceable along a transversely extending support guide so that it can be drawn transversely out from underneath the mesh and can be reinserted transversely thereunder. The upper surface and the sharp front edge of the bar are rounded at one end of the bar so that this bar can be displaced transversely under the mesh with this one end out of contact with the mesh during the operation of the machine and passage of the mesh over the sharp edge of the guide bar.

Abstract: An adjustable deckle is provided for use in papermaking machinery to be positioned between the ends of adjacent wear surfaces to facilitate prevention of loss of vacuum applied to the wear surfaces in operation of the machinery. The deckle includes an elongated member having a pair of opposing elongated front and rear faces, a pair of elongated top and bottom faces and a pair of end faces. The front face has a configuration conforming with the configuration of an adjacent edge of one wear surface when the deckle is inserted between two wear surfaces. The rear face has a recess therein and a resilient strip is mounted in the recess. A shiftable element is also mounted in the recess by engagement between surfaces of the element and surfaces of the elongated member. The shiftable element has a portion exposed through an opening in the rear face of the elongated member.

Abstract: A suction dewatering system including a suction device adapted to be connected to a suction source and having a longitudinal opening therein through which suction is applied. A cover is provided for the device including at least two spaced lands to be mounted to the device with the space therebetween forming a slot in alignment with the longitudinal opening in the suction device. A wear strip is removably mounted on each land and has a wear surface thereon for a medium to be passed thereover for dewatering. At least one of the wear strips is adjustable so that the shifting of each adjustable strip in the longitudinal direction causes the strip to shift laterally and vary the slot width in the direction of travel of the medium across the wear surface and varying the dwell time of the medium over the slot to which suction is being applied. A cam arm longitudinally extends in a longitudinal track in the cover.

Abstract: A suction dewatering system which includes a suction device adapted to be connected to a source of suction and having at least one longitudinal opening therein to which suction can be applied. The opening is positioned substantially perpendicular to the direction of medium travel across the suction device for dewatering thereof. An adjustable slot cover is provided for the suction device and includes a base. The base is mounted to the suction device in fixed position and has surfaces thereon forming spaced longitudinal lands and defining a longitudinal slot between each pair of adjacent lands in alignment with the suction device opening. A wear strip is removably positioned on each of the lands for engagement with the medium passing thereover. The wear strip on one of each pair of adjacent lands is stationary in respect to the direction of medium travel and the wear strip on the other of the pair of adjacent lands is automatically adjustable with respect to the direction of medium travel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a fibrous web between a pair of forming wires. The apparatus includes an imperforate rotatable roll and a pair of liquid permeable forming wires which meet about a portion of the surface of the rotatable roll. Means are provided for delivering a liquid suspension of fibers between the forming wires as the wires are being received about a portion of the rotatable roll. The specific improvement of the present invention is centered around an arcuate imperforate roof conforming to the periphery of the rotatable roll along a limited part of the portion in which the twin wires are forming the sheet, with injection means for injecting pressurized air along the surface of the roof to form an air film therealong. Collector means are provided at the end of the forming portion for collecting liquid expelled from the forming wires during their travel along the portion of the roll.

Abstract: A drainage device adapted to be mounted on a papermaking machine and positioned to support the moving web and to engage the undersurface of the web as it passes thereover to extract fluid downwardly from the web. The drainage device includes a main body portion and a multiplicity of wear resistant wafers bonded thereto with the upper surface of the wafers providing a bearing surface for the moving web as it passes thereover and the main body portion and the wafers having substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A table bar over which the dewatering wire cloth of a paper making machine travels is formed of extruded steatite or the like whose leading edge is recessed to receive a ceramic oxide element which renders the table bar abrasion resistant.

Abstract: By imposing pressure pulses on mobile fibers in suspension in paper making stock slurry in the primary drainage area of the forming zone of a roll former substantially uniform distribution of the fibers is effected in forming of the paper web. A device for effecting the pressure pulses is located adjacent to the primary drainage area and may comprise a pressure pulse producing element of selected shape to control the length of the pressure pulse for the particular character of paper making fiber stock slurry involved in the paper web being formed.

Abstract: Members, such as paper machine forming board drainage foils, and the like, are adapted to be mounted in a predetermined substantially accurate attitude unaffected by possible irregularities on a metallic supporting structure, by providing the supporting structure with fixedly secured non-warping nonmetallic base means which is machined substantially accurately to receive and mount the members.

Abstract: A supporting device for a strainer belt in a paper making apparatus of the type including a plurality of wear strips which, in use, are disposed transversely to the strainer belt, each of the strips having a wear surface on which the belt is supported as it passes over them. Each of the wear strips is adapted to be clamped on a supporting element between a leaf spring and a retaining plate, which are secured to the supporting element, said strip having a bearing surface which rests on the bearing surface of the support element. The wear strip has a symmetrical shape so that the wear surface and bearing surface may be disposed interchangeably either to face the strainer belt or to face the bearing surface of the support element.

Abstract: A papermaking machine is shown with an inner traveling screen and an outer traveling screen which are led towards each other to form a generally layered arrangement therebetween during a region of their joint travel and, in such region, the inner and outer screens are caused to pass over a portion of a water extracting or dewatering roller; a water collection apparatus situated outside of the roller serves to collect water centrifuged from the screens passing over the roller; and a preliminary water extraction zone preceeds the roller and such zone extends over a portion of, for example, a generally horizontal section of the inner screen.

Abstract: A dewatering suction apparatus for paper making machine having foil plates which form suction slots under a wet paper conveyor belt has an air outlet nozzle which injects air under the conveyor belt on the up-stream side of the suction slots generally counter to the direction of movement of the belt. The apparatus also has an auxiliary suction device on both side edges of the belt. The auxiliary suction device has a side edge sensing finger to control the size of the suction slot opening at each side edge of the belt.

Abstract: A drainage foil apparatus for removing liquid from material carried across the foil by a moving foraminous conveyor such as the wood pulp stock in a paper making machine, is described. The drainage foil apparatus includes a foil having at least a nose portion of ceramic material formed by laterally spaced ceramic segments. The segments are mounted on a support means enabling individual replacement of such segments when they become damaged or worn. The support means includes a mounting member of metal which extends into a slot in a lower surface portion of the ceramic segment and is bonded thereto by a bonding material provided within the slot. For easy replacement of the ceramic segments, the mounting member and slot are shaped to enable each segment to be inserted and removed from such mounting member without moving other segments. In one embodiment, the ceramic nose portion is separate from the rear portion of the foil, such rear portion being made of a different material such as a synthetic plastic.

Abstract: A solid or perforated plate, serving as a support for a screen conveyor in paper-making machinery or the like, consists of a multiplicity of juxtaposed coplanar sections of sintered refractory, predominantly ceramic material joined to one another by thin layers of a bonding agent. The ceramic component, e.g. alumina, may be admixed with a small proportion of a vitreous substance facilitating the use of a siliceous bonding agent, such as glass, enamel or silicon carbide. Alternatively, the bonding agent may be a solder (with preliminary metallization of the adjoining section edges) or an organic cement.

Abstract: A water-removal device for paper-making machines comprising a fixed beam; a blade having a leading edge; an upper bendable surface positioned behind said blade, and means for adjusting the bend in said bendable surface is described. By adjusting the curvature of the bendable surface, a series of vacuum curves can be obtained, thereby facilitating water-removal.

Abstract: The paper-making stock on a paper machine is improved by running the forming fabric, carrying the stock, as a layer of a dilute aqueous dispersion of fibers, over a modified low-vacuum suction box having a slotted cover made up of elongated blades dividing the suction area into a grid. The surfaces of some of the blades support the fabric and the surfaces of others are lowered a small amount to allow the fabric to undulate and agitate the stock without substantially changing the grid area of the drainage surface. The lower level surfaces form a fluid seal with the undersurface of the fabric.

Abstract: A drainage blade for a paper making machine has an upper surface contour including a front land portion, a rear foiling portion inclined downwardly at an angle up to about 5.degree. and bridging the two portions, a smoothly curved, elevated bearing surface which extends above both the land portion and the foiling portion of the blade. Between the bearing surface and the leading edge of the blade, the land portion slopes upwardly at a small angle which may be about 1/2.degree. to about 1.degree.. The bearing surface is formed by a cylindrical insert which is rotated when the insert wears close to the level of the blade surface.

Abstract: In a vertical twin-wire paper machine, the initial forming zone is a wedge-shaped zone defined by a small number of deflectors arranged to bring the two wires into pressure engagement with the sheet therebetween and to remove the initial free or rapidly draining water from between the wires as quickly as possible, consistent with good sheet formation with the economical retention of formed components. The two wires and the sheet therebetween travel through a pressure zone which includes a convexly curved intermittent surface and guide rolls arranged to guide the wires from the wedge zone into wrapping engagement with the intermittent surface under tension causing pressure on the sheet and continued extrusion of liquid through one or both wires.

Abstract: A drainage foil providing improved fines retention and drainage stability when used in cooperation with the forming wire of a machine that forms a mat or web from a wet slurry. The foil has two wire-contacting surfaces a fixed distance apart with a suction-forming section and a drainage section between them. Forces effective on the foil during use are balanced so as to minimize torque around the foil mounting means.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a support for the moving wire of a continuous forming table of paper-making machines, the support being in the form of a water removing blade over which the wire runs with the blade having a hardened nose opposing the direction of wire movement and a rear portion over which the wire may readily slide. The blade may also have openings therethrough and a supporting beam therefor may have a section applied thereto so as to facilitate water removal. The disclosure relates also to the manner in which such blades are formed.

Abstract: A dewatering device for the wire section of a paper or board machine, comprising a dewatering blade and a supporting rail, the blade extending transversely under said wire in striking contact therewith. The support rail is provided with a guide way forming combined T- and fishtail grooves for supporting in firm engagement selectively a blade provided with a T-guide way or a blade provided with a fishtail guide way.

Abstract: The auxiliary roll of the separating system is located downstream of the main roll and is spaced from the main roll at a distance less than 0.25 times the diameter of the auxiliary roll and greater than the combined thickness of the two wires and paper web therebetween, e.g. a distance of 10 millimeters. A separating wall is located between the main roll and main wire on the upstream side to block the entry of air between the main wire and main roll. The spacing of the two rolls ensures a positive separation of the paper web on the main wire.

Abstract: The suction strip is mounted via a tube carrier on a pair of supports so as to pivot about an axis extending longitudinally of the carrier. The pivot axis is located in a vertical plane which passes through the front tip of the suction strip. Pivoting is effected via a leaf spring which mounts the carrier on the supports and at least one adjusting screw. The adjusting screw may have different thread pitches at opposite ends to obtain a coarse and fine control.

Abstract: A method and a system for preventing the accumulation of polarized foreign particles on a support surface of support elements positioned in contact with a moving fabric in a paper making machine. An electrically conductive fabric support surface of a support element is charged with an electrical charge of like polarity to the polarized foreign particles whereby the polarized foreign particles will be repelled from the support surface.

Abstract: The invention is to shake the upper run of a Fourdrinier forming fabric of a paper machine by imparting vibratory motion, in a direction transverse to the machine direction, to light-weight foil blades mounted at the dilute end of the Fourdrinier section. The foils, which are in contact with the fabric, cause the upper run to vibrate in the same transverse direction, thereby shaking the stock and improving paper formation. It is preferred to vibrate the foils at a frequency close to the resonant natural frequency of the upper run of a fabric or a harmonic thereof. All or part of the top surface of some of the foils, which contact the upper run of the forming fabric, may be coated with a material having a relatively high coefficient of friction to increase the frictional contact between the upper surface of the foil and the forming fabric.

Abstract: A paper machine which has a dewatering system accordng to which during web formation as dewatering progresses the dewatering pressure increases. The stock from a headbox is initially delivered to a single liquid-pervious web-carrying element. As the latter travels away from the headbox with the stock received therefrom it meets a web-pressing element which together with the web-carrying element forms a twin-wire type of construction with the web being compressed between these elements as they travel along a common path. While these elements travel along a common path they are guided by structure which provides for increasing pressure on the web between the elements so that as dewatering progresses the pressure on the web between the elements increases. In this way it is possible to avoid an initial undesirably violent dewatering of the web during an initial phase in the formation thereof. As the above elements travel along their common path the direction of travel thereof preferably is reversed.

Abstract: A curved deflector for intercepting high velocity sprays of liquids thrown from a moving member has holes formed in the portion of the deflector remote from the member for permitting substantially all liquid collected by the deflector to pass through the holes and in so doing be substantially slowed in velocity, thereby substantially eliminating aeration from splashing and considerably reducing noise.

Abstract: Drainage foils are described in two parts, a first part including the drainage surface and means for mounting the foil on a support, and the second part including the land surface and the leading edge. The second part is fitted with wear-resistant material, and is removably fitted to the first part, so that the two parts can be interchanged to facilitate changing foiling angles and land surfaces in a given installation.

Abstract: A paper machine having upper and lower wires and wherein an adjusting structure cooperates with a portion of at least one of these wires to move this wire portion close enough to a cooperating portion of the other wire to achieve a twin-wire operation and to move the adjustable wire portion away from the cooperating wire portion to achieve at the latter a single-wire operation, so that at least in part the wires are adjustable one with respect to the other to provide for the option of operating the machine, at least in part, as a single-wire machine or as a twin-wire machine.

Abstract: A dewatering device for paper machines is disclosed as comprising a supporting member adapted to be attached substantially transversally below the horizontal paper machine wire and a water removal blade to be fitted in its longitudinal direction on top of the supporting member, the supporting member having means which supports the water removal blade and locking means, as well as means for moving the supporting and locking means in relation to each other in vertical direction so that the lower part of the dewatering blade can be pressed between the supporting and the locking means.

Abstract: A system for use in papermaking including at least two members one of which is movable relative to the other and in frictional engagement therewith wherein at least one of the members comprises an elongated flexible composite including a plurality of ceramic segments, each segment having at least two opposite surfaces that are flat and parallel. The segments are aligned in stacked relationship with their flat faces in abutting face-to-face relation and forced toward each other in the direction of their composite length with a force which is sufficient to maintain the segments in compression when subjected to conditions of thermal change and/or flexing of the member during use. The ceramic member is provided with a smooth elongated working surface which defines an area of contact between the members of the system. Systems including a papermaking foil or suction device in a papermaking process, or a doctor blade are disclosed. A method for making the ceramic member is disclosed.

Abstract: An elongated flexible member including a plurality of ceramic segments, each segment having at least two opposite surfaces that are flat and parallel. The segments are aligned in stacked relationship with their flat faces in abutting face-to-face relation and forced toward each other in the direction of their composite length with a force which is sufficient to maintain the segments in compression when subjected to conditions of thermal change and/or flexing of the member during use. A method for making the ceramic member is disclosed.