Abstract: Electrophoresis systems, assemblies, cassettes and methods for easily, and more effectively and efficiently, isolating a biomolecule band from an electrophoretic gel are provided. The methods use an electrophoresis cassette with at least one loading well and at least one collection well. A sample containing the biomolecule of interest is placed into at least one loading well and buffer or water is placed in at least one collection well. An electric field is then applied to drive migration and separation of the sample into different component bands within the gel. When the component of interest is located within at least one collection well, the electric field is terminated and the buffer or water in the collection well is removed, thereby isolating and collecting the sample component of interest.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prognosing, diagnosing and treating of Crohn's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of diagnosing or monitoring schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder.

Abstract: Methods of predicting the development of medically refractory ulcerative colitis (MR-UC) in a patient by determining the presence or absence of one or more risk variants, where the presence of one or more risk variants is indicative of a severe and/or aggressive form of ulcerative colitis are disclosed.

Abstract: Mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr), of phosphatidylinositol 3?-kinase (“PI3K”), and of B-Raf are described. Methods of treating tumors containing mutated EGFr with human monoclonal antibodies against EGFr are described. Methods and kits for ascertaining the presence of one or more mutant EGFr, mutant PI3K, and/or mutant B-Raf in a sample and for treating disorders or conditions related to the presence of mutant EGFr, mutant PI3K, and/or mutant B-Raf are also described. Methods of treating tumors containing mutant EGFr, mutant PI3K, and/or mutant B-Raf are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biomarker associated with a cancer and a method using the biomarker to evaluate a risk of proliferation, invasion, or metastasis of a cancer. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (A) providing a tissue sample to evaluate for risk of proliferation, invasion, or metastasis of a cancer, wherein the tissue sample comprises a non-cancer region, and a suspected cancer region; (B) detecting expression levels of a biomarker and a predetermined standard in the non-cancer region and the suspected cancer region respectively, wherein the biomarker is T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2); (C) comparing the expression levels of the biomarker and the predetermined standard in the non-cancer region to the expression levels of the biomarker and the predetermined standard in the suspected cancer region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a protocol for pre-staining a protein prior to electrophoresis, an electrophoresis method including the protocol, and a kit for carrying out the protocol. The protocol comprises the steps of incubating the protein sample with a pyrylium dye in the presence of a buffer, a detergent and a denaturing agent.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing and staging of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes measuring expression of one or more miRNAs levels in a subject suspected of suffering from COPD.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery of genetic polymorphisms that are associated with venous thrombosis. In particular, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules containing the polymorphisms, variant proteins encoded by such nucleic acid molecules, reagents for detecting the polymorphic nucleic acid molecules and proteins, and methods of using the nucleic acid and proteins as well as methods of using reagents for their detection.

Abstract: A convenient, rapid, and highly sensitive protein detection method is provided. According to the present invention, an easily water-soluble compound of formula I is provided: [wherein, R1 and R2 are same or different, each of which is an aryl or heteroaryl group substituted with one or more anionic substituents].

Abstract: A method is provided for separating single- and double-stranded nucleic acid molecules based on their strandness and length.

Abstract: Methods for identifying disease-specific markers, in particular breast cancer markers, by electrophoretically separating serum albumin complexes in a biological sample on a membrane are provided. Electrophoretic separation profiles representing different diseases or different cancer stages can be produced, and used in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of these diseases. Methods for identification of a cancer peptide fragment comprising a cancer peptide motif are provided. Also provided are breast cancer and other cancer markers and antibodies that specifically recognize these markers.

Abstract: A method of quick laboratory diagnosis of diseases, based on the discovery of specific protein targets characteristic to the disease in the reaction of their specific interaction with other protein reagents, distinct in that specific protein targets for the given disease are hydrolyzed with proteolytic enzymes and then the chemical structure of the oligopeptide formula created is modified in such a way that its charge is changed to the opposite. This method of quick laboratory diagnosis of illnesses based on the discovery of specific proteins, and the equipment for its implementation, may be applied for the discovery of viral and microbial antigens in various human biological fluids. The method may also be used for the detection of new and little-studied infectious diseases in connection with the ease of diagnostic preparation.

Abstract: Provided are zinc finger protein transcription factor DST having the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, conservative variants and homologous polypeptides thereof. Also provided are DNA sequence encoding the transcription factor DST, vector or host cell comprising the DNA sequence, cis-acting element binding to the DST, inhibitor or non-conservative variant of the transcription factor DST or encoding sequence thereof, and use of the inhibitor or non-conservative variant for improving the drought and salt tolerance in plant.

Abstract: This invention includes a fluorophore-tagged antimalarial represented by the following structural formula (1) or a salt thereof. This invention relates to the synthesis of fluorophore-tagged antimalarials and describes the synthesis of a fluorophore-tagged antimalarial. These fluorophore-tagged antimalarials can be used to image live cells to determine the location of the antimalarial in the cell, identify drug resistance and growth related pathways in Plasmodium isolates, identify new drug targets and chemo-sensitizers to reverse drug resistance.

Abstract: An assembly, method, system, and apparatus for the assessment of the level of specific lipoprotein particles present in a bodily fluid are disclosed. The levels determined may be used to predict the risk of developing various diseases related to lipoprotein particles.

Abstract: Labels are disclosed capable of forming a covalent or non-covalent bond with a target molecule, particularly a biological molecule. The structure of these labels may consist of a dye covalently bound by one or more carbons on its chemical structure to one or more [FUNC] group(s), and optionally one or more [SOL] group(s). The structure of these labels allow selection of dyes from a wide variety of different excitation and emission wavelengths and allow easy functionalization of the dye without appreciably altering its spectral characteristics or its solubility characteristics.

Abstract: The invention provides a dry electroblotting system for dry blotting gels, in which the system includes an electroblotting transfer stack that comprises an analysis gel and a blotting membrane, an anode, a body of anodic gel matrix juxtaposed with the anode between the anode and the transfer stack, a cathode, and a body of cathodic gel matrix juxtaposed with the cathode between the cathode and the transfer stack, in which the anodic gel matrix and the cathodic gel matrix each comprise an ion source for electrophoretic transfer. The dry electroblotting system does not use any liquid buffers that are added to the system just before electroblotting (such as when the transfer stack is being assembled). The anode, the cathode, or both can be separate from a power supply and provided as part of a disposable electrode assembly that also includes a body of gel matrix that includes ions for electrophoretic transfer.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery that drug resistance in microorganisms can be rapidly and accurately determined using mass spectrometry. A mass spectrum of an intact microorganism or one or more isolated biomarkers from the microorganism grown in drug containing, isotopically-labeled media is compared with a mass spectrum of the intact microorganism or one or more isolated biomarkers from the microorganism grown in non-labeled media without the drug present. Drug resistance is determined by predicting and detecting a characteristic mass shift of one or more biomarkers using algorithms. The characteristic mass shift is indicative that the microorganism is growing in the presence of the drug and incorporating the isotopic label into the one or more biomarkers, resulting in change in mass.

Abstract: Disclosed, among other things, are primers containing certain modified nucleobases in the 3? terminal region of the primers that provide reduced formation of primer-dimers during amplification reactions, and various methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention, in some aspects, relates to systems and methods for determining oxidized proteins, including nitrosylated proteins such as S-nitrosylated proteins. The systems and methods of the invention can be used in vitro (e.g., in cell or tissue culture) or in vivo. For instance, in some cases, the invention can be used to spatially determine the location and/or concentration of oxidized proteins within cells and/or tissues (e.g., through visual detection). In one set of embodiments, a nitrosylated or otherwise oxidized moiety on a protein may be reacted with a detection entity, which may be, for example, fluorescent, radioactive, electron-dense, able to bind to a signaling entity or a binding partner in order to produce a signal, etc. In some embodiments, other moieties on the protein may be altered or blocked before reaction of the protein with the detection entity.

Abstract: A sensor device is provided for detecting an analyte in a sample in which an analyte is bound to a detection reagent to form a bound complex. The device comprises (a) a sample (5) comprising an ionic analyte and a detection reagent in a conductive fluid, wherein the detection reagent has a net charge different from the analyte; (b) a first permeable polymeric hydrogel plate (3) and a first spacer plate (8), which plates provide a compartment for the sample; (c) an anode (1) juxtaposed to the outside of the first hydrogel plate and not in contact with the sample; (d) a cathode (9) juxtaposed to the outside of the first spacer plate and not in contact with the sample; (e) a voltage generator (10) to apply an electric potential to the anode and cathode; and (f) a detector (11).

Abstract: A method for increasing measurement precision of two-dimensional protein electrophoresis is provided, in which the electrical conductivity of a protein sample under test is measured for calculating the electrical energy required to enable salt and protein focusing. The method is characterized by a set of equations for calculating the electrical energy required respectively for protein focusing and for electrophoresis of salts in the protein sample, wherein the calculation is based on the electrical conductivity of the salts, the protein weight, a pH-gradient gel strip length, and a pH range. Thus, different protein samples can be supplied with the appropriate amounts of electrical energy for isoelectric focusing, so as to produce the optimal protein focusing effects and ensure that the focusing of protein in a gel will not be adversely affected by an otherwise insufficient or excessive supply of electrical energy.

Abstract: The instant disclosure describes an electrophoretic procedure capable of resolving and isolating ultra high molecular weight (MW) protein aggregates from nerve tissue. The procedure is based on the use of composite agarose-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (CAPAGE) and resolves proteins and protein aggregates over the range of from approximately 225 kDa to approximately 30,000 kDa. Triton X-100 precipitation is used to obtain a cytoskeleton protein fraction that is subsequently resuspended and subjected to gel electrophoresis. This method demonstrates that a protein aggregate of approximately 30,000 kDa is characteristic of normal murine spinal cord tissue and that the amount of said protein aggregate is increased in spinal cord homogenate obtained from transgenic mice bearing copies of a mutant human gene characteristic of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mutations identified in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that can be used for a more accurate diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) and CF related disorders. Methods for testing a sample obtained from a subject to determine the presence of one or more mutations in the CFTR gene are provided wherein the presence of one or more mutations indicates that the subject has CF or a CF related disorder, or is a carrier of a CFTR mutation.

Abstract: Methods and compositions according to embodiments of the present invention are provided that specifically and sensitively detect alcohol consumption and whether alcohol consumption is moderate or high in a subject. Aspects of the present invention relate to assays of panels of proteins for detecting non-consumption, moderate consumption and high consumption of ethanol by a subject.

Abstract: Described herein are genomic and proteomic biomarkers for the diagnosis of FSGS. Methods for diagnosing FSGS or a predisposition to develop FSGS using the described biomarkers are also provided. Further provided are methods for choosing a course of treatment or administering treatment based on a diagnosis of FSGS using the disclosed biomarkers.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a method for diagnosing an arthritic condition and a gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder in a companion animal. The invention also encompasses a method for identifying ingredients for a pet food composition that are suitable for preventing, ameliorating the symptoms of, or treating an arthritic condition or gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder.

Abstract: A method and system are presented for use in analyzing a sample. The method comprises applying real time monitoring to a sample while undergoing a separation process consisting of spatial separation of molecules of different molecular weights in the sample. The system includes a monitoring unit configured to be integrated with a separation unit in which the separation process takes place.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the diagnosis and risk stratification of a tumor or cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly colon tumor or colon cancer, wherein a determination is made on at least one patient using the novel soluble cadherin 17 biomarker—a proteolytic cleavage product of cadherin 17 having SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 2—or partial peptides and fragments thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a sample separation instrument used in a sample separation apparatus which includes: holding means for holding a first medium supporter which supports a first medium; and driving means for moving fixing means or the holding means in a direction parallel or perpendicular to a plane whose sides extend in the first direction and in the second directions. The sample separation instrument includes an insulator for storing a second medium which allows a sample separated in the first medium in the first direction to be further separated in the second direction different from the first direction, wherein: the insulator includes a first opening and a second opening each of which defines the second direction in which the second medium is electrified, and the second opening has a shape which allows the first medium containing the separated sample to be attached to the second medium along the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel biomarkers for use in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancerous and malignant conditions and further of diseases which are mediated by a proinflammatory immune response. The biomarkers are glycoproteins, the levels of expression of which have been correlated by the inventors to correspond to particular disease conditions. The invention further extends to methods for use in monitoring the response to therapy of a treatment for use in the treatment of a cancerous condition or proinflammatory disease.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is that a dynamic range is extended in an electrophoresis unit and concentration differences among a plurality of samples measured simultaneously are increased. An irradiation time to the samples is adjusted during analysis without changing a sampling time. By shortening the irradiation time, a fluorescence amount of the samples is reduced to cause signal intensity detected by a detector to physically decrease. If the irradiation time is very short (several 100 msec), the irradiation time and fluorescence intensity are in a direct proportional relationship. It is known that, if the irradiation time is reduced to 1/n, the fluorescence intensity, that is, signal intensity to be detected will be 1/n. Thus, for data whose irradiation time is reduced to 1/n during analysis, data obtained by multiplying a substantially measured value by n is used for data analysis as a true value to be originally acquired.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the detection of an analyte containing polyamino acid. The object of the invention is to detect polyamino acids in a highly sensitive manner. The object is achieved in that an LM is coupled to a protein after chemical activation, and is complexed using a lanthanoid ion. In order to detect polyamino acids, the time resolved fluorescence measurement is utilized after electrophoretic separation. The detection limit is 0.5 pg per spot (bovine serum albumin), wherein the linear region extends across six orders of magnitude. The invention also relates to analytes containing nucleic acid.

Abstract: A degradable polyacrylamide gel for analyzing or separating at least one macromolecule in a sample using electrophoresis includes a polyacrylamide cross-linked with at least one degradable cross-linker having a ketal or acetal group with the formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are hydrogen, an alkyl, or a substituted alkyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of MS compatible surfactants in free-flow electrophoretic methods, which allow the separation of analytes with differentiated electrophoretic mobility. The surfactant is preferably a cleavable surfactant, such as PPS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new HPLC methods for the analysis of the drug substance clopidogrel and related substances. In a first method the mobile phase comprises two or more liquids, and the relative concentration of the liquids is varied to a predetermined gradient. In a second method the mobile phase comprises a polar protic organic solvent, and the stationary phase comprises a gel. The present invention also relates to a method for analysing a substance, comprising the detection and optional quantification of one or more specific impurities.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods, devices, systems, and materials for performing electrophoresis in an automated fashion. The electrophoresis system may simultaneously image gel during an electrophoresis run. In some embodiments, the electrophoresis system may analyze an imaged gel during or after electrophoresis. The device may comprise a gel processing system, a gel illumination system, an image capture system, and an image analysis all housed within a housing.

Abstract: A gel composition for use in electrophoresis analysis of proteins, characterised in that the gel composition includes a polar solvent as an additive, wherein the polar solvent is one of either an alcohol or a formamide derivative. Methods of use, methods of manufacture and apparatus including the gel composition described hereinabove are also provided.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits for labeling tetracysteine-tagged proteins with biarsenical fluorophores with increased specificity, including compositions, methods and kits particularly adapted for labeling of tetracysteine-tagged proteins to be resolved within an electrophoresis gel.

Abstract: A medium is provided, being adapted to be applied in electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids. The medium comprises a staining reagent adapted to stain nucleic acids. Said medium further comprises a urea derivative, adapted to interact with said staining reagent and thereby providing an enhanced staining of said nucleic acids. Further, an electrophoresis device is provided, adapted to perform electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids, comprising the before medium and comprising electrodes for applying an electrical field across the medium. A method to perform electrophoresis using the before electrophoresis device and medium is provided.

Abstract: An improved staining method is described for staining a biopolymer such as a peptide, a protein, an RNA, a DNA, an oligosaccharide or a complex containing a peptide, a protein, an RNA, a DNA, or an oligosaccharide in a matrix. The method includes the step of moving a staining reagent into the matrix using an electric force. The staining time can be dramatically reduced relative to conventional technologies. The improved staining method can particularly be used, for example, to stain proteins after gel separation. Other related methods and related kits are also described.

Abstract: Electrophoresis systems, apparatus, and methods for isolating or purifying a bio-molecule are provided. The method includes using an electrophoresis apparatus for isolating or purifying a bio-molecule, wherein the electrophoresis apparatus includes: a separation tube including a first section for containing buffer and a second section including an electrophoresis gel, and a collection tube including a solid phase, wherein the solid phase fully covers the cross-sectional area of the collection tube, and the collection tube is detachably connected to an end adjacent to the second section of the separation tube.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing Parkinson's disease uses the abnormal concentrations of a group of 21 blood serum protein biomarkers. The concentration of the 21 protein biomarkers is assessed in a patient's serum by quantitative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assay for discriminating between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and patients with ALS-like disorders that express symptoms like ALS. The method is based on the use of 2-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis to separate the complex mixture of proteins found in blood serum, the quantitation of a group of identified biomarkers, and the biostatistical analysis of the concentration of the identified biomarkers to differentiate patients having ALS from patients having other ALS-like disorders.

Abstract: Apparatus and method employing gel electrophoresis and optical imaging techniques to measure the amount of biomaterial that attaches to specified locations on a detector slide and to determine the molecular weight of the molecules at those locations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing separation of molecules, in particular biomolecules such as nucleic acids and peptides, are disclosed. The method comprises separating molecules by a first characteristic along a linear dimension of a channel, and separating the molecules by a second characteristic along the same linear dimension, with the rust and second separations being carried out within at least partially overlapping sections of the channel. The two separations may then be combined to give a virtual two-dimensional separation which is carried out in a single dimensional real space. The method may also include detecting molecules during the second separation, preferably using an intrinsic characteristic of the molecules for example UV absorbance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel HPLC methods for the analysis of the API formoterol and related substances. In a first method the mobile phase comprises two or more liquids, and the relative concentration of the liquids is varied to a predetermined gradient. In a second method the mobile phase comprises a first liquid A comprising an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate and a second liquid B comprising a dipolar aprotic solvent. In a third method the mobile phase comprises a first liquid A comprising an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate with a concentration of 0.001 to 0.025M, and a second liquid B. The present invention also relates to a method for analysing a substance, comprising the detection and optional quantification of one or more specific impurities.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease by detection of fragments of nectin-1 are described. Nectin-1 is shown to be a substrate for proteases associated with the onset of Alzheimer's Disease, including ?-secretase, ?-secretase and BACE1 or a BACE1-like protease. The fragments produced by the action of these and other proteases on Nectin-1 can be used to diagnosis Alzheimer's Disease or a predilection towards Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: An integrated flow cell, the flow cell comprising a semiconductor substrate, and a fluidic conduit having an at least partially transparent semiconductor oxide tubing, wherein the semiconductor oxide tubing is formed with the semiconductor substrate.