Abstract: Provided herein, inter alia, are improved methods for detecting analytes, including proteins and nucleic acids. In some instances, the analytes are detected in complex matrices such as serum.

Abstract: An electrophoretic separation device includes an anode and a cathode, a porous scaffold material, and a liquid separation medium, wherein the separation medium is located inside the porous scaffold material, is in contact with the cathode and the anode, and has been applied to the porous scaffold material in form of a custom-made geometrical shape defining a migration path for a biomolecule-containing sample, wherein the sample is enclosed by the separation medium.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for identifying an infusate in a reservoir of an infusion device and systems for use in filling fluid delivery devices are provided. An exemplary apparatus for identifying an infusate in a reservoir of an infusion device includes a chamber in selective fluid communication with the reservoir. Further, the apparatus includes an indicator located in the chamber. The indicator exhibits a visual change when contacted by an infusate. The apparatus also includes a detector arrangement to identify the infusate by detecting the visual change in the indicator. An exemplary detector arrangement may include a camera to capture an image of the infusate and indicator in the chamber, and an identifier element to compare image data to a library of stored image data.

Abstract: The technology disclosed attenuates spatial crosstalk from sequencing images for base calling. In particular, the technology disclosed accesses an image whose pixels depict intensity emissions from a target cluster and intensity emissions from additional adjacent clusters. The pixels include a center pixel that contains a center of the target cluster. Each pixel in the pixels is divisible into a plurality of subpixels. Depending upon a particular subpixel, in a plurality of subpixels of the center pixel, which contains the center of the target cluster, the technology disclosed selects, from a bank of subpixel lookup tables, a subpixel lookup table that corresponds to the particular subpixel. The selected subpixel lookup table contains pixel coefficients that are configured to maximizes a signal-to-noise ratio. The technology disclosed element-wise multiplies the pixel coefficients with the pixels and determines a weighted sum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the separation of sperm. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of polyvinyl alcohol membranes in the electrophoretic separation of sperm.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating a tunable or customizable activated product composition are related. In certain embodiments, one or more of electric pulse parameters, flow rate, or sample container size are varied so as to generate the activated product composition. The activated product composition may be customized or optimized based for a particular patient or procedure.

Abstract: Provided are devices that include a polymeric separation medium configured to immobilize one or more constituents of interest in the polymeric separation medium and have an increased pore size upon application of an applied stimulus. Systems including the devices, as well as methods of using the devices, are also provided. Embodiments of the present disclosure find use in a variety of different applications, including detecting whether an analyte is present in a fluid sample.

Abstract: A reaction system is disclosed that may be used to prevent formation of contaminants. The reaction system includes a showerhead that may be configured with a gated nanochannel grid to prevent particular gaseous precursors from passing through depending on whether a voltage is applied. The gated nanochannel grid may allow for both polar and non-polar molecules to pass, or may be configured to allow just non-polar or just polar molecules to pass.

Abstract: The present application provides compositions and methods for treating acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The methods include administering one or more tight junction antagonists to the lung of a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: An object is to provide an electrophoretic support body and an electrophoretic device which allow a potential of hydrogen (pH) to be easily and reproducibly adjusted. The electrophoretic support body in the present disclosure is an electrophoretic support body including a plurality of fibers, the plurality of fibers form a fibrous body having a void in the fibrous body, and the plurality of fibers include a metal oxide having a predetermined isoelectric point. The electrophoretic device in the present disclosure includes a container, a pair of first electrodes provided in the container, and a first electrophoretic support body disposed between the pair of first electrodes, the first electrophoretic support body includes a fibrous body that is formed of a plurality of fibers and has a void in the fibrous body, and the plurality of fibers include a metal oxide having a predetermined isoelectric point.

Abstract: The disclosure provides cassettes, electrophoresis systems, methods for making the device, and methods of fractionating a sample using the cassettes and electrophoresis systems described herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally provide a digital lithography system that can process both large area substrates as well as semiconductor device substrates, such as wafers. Both the large area substrates and the semiconductor device substrates can be processed in the same system simultaneously. Additionally, the system can accommodate different levels of exposure for forming the features over the substrates. For example, the system can accommodate very precise feature patterning as well as less precise feature patterning. The different exposures can occur in the same chamber simultaneously. Thus, the system is capable of processing both semiconductor device substrates and large area substrates simultaneously while also accommodating very precise feature patterning simultaneous with less precise feature patterning.

Abstract: An apparatus for clearing tissue using electrophoresis according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a chamber which can contain therein a buffer solution and the biological tissue and has an inlet port and an outlet port for circulating the buffer solution; a support member, located within the chamber, for supporting the biological tissue; and electrodes located within the chamber and formed separately of a first electrode and a second electrode which correspond to each other. With the apparatus, it is possible to minimize the degradation of decomposition efficiency and quickly clear the tissue compared to a conventional apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparation of an electrophoresis slab gel may include a base having an opening configured to receive a cassette configured to contain an electrophoresis slab gel, a clamping mechanism configured to move relative to the base between an open position in which the clamping mechanism permits insertion of a cassette into the base, and a closed position in which the clamping mechanism is configured to clamp a cassette received in the base, a compressible pad operatively coupled to the clamping mechanism in a position to compress against a cassette received in the base in the closed position of the clamping mechanism. The cassette may include a first plate and a second plate, and a spacer mechanism separate from each of the first and second plates, the spacer mechanism configured to be positioned between the inner faces of the first plate and the second plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of differentiating and characterizing IBV, CSFV and NDV strains, and identifying new strains using high resolution melt technology. The present invention also provides primers and kits for use with such methods.

Abstract: Polyacrylamide gels that offer high resolution in protein separations and are more stable relative to hydrolysis than conventional polyacrylamide gels that rely on Tris or Tris-Bis as buffering agents are made by incorporating triethanolamine in place of most or all of the Tris or Tris-Bis.

Abstract: Molds for casting and retaining electrophoresis gel strips are provided, along with methods, kits, and systems for performing electrophoresis, electroelution, and/or electroblotting using these molds.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating various degenerative diseases (e.g., AMD) with a factor D inhibitor (e.g., anti-factor D antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof). Also provided are methods of selecting or identifying patients for treatment with a factor D inhibitor. Methods include the use of prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a wafer comprising a plurality of biochips and interconnects on the wafer, the biochip comprising a biochip pad, a synthesis electrode and a gel comprising a probe, wherein a plurality of the biochip pads of the plurality of the biochips are interconnected by the interconnects to carry out a chemical reaction on a plurality of the synthesis electrodes.

Abstract: Multi-directional microfluidic devices and methods for using the same are provided. Aspects of the present disclosure include microfluidic devices that include a chamber having a separation medium, a first binding medium, and a second binding medium. In addition, the devices include a flow field element configured to subject the chamber to two or more directionally distinct flow fields. Methods of using the devices, as well as systems and kits that include the devices are also provided. The devices, systems and methods find use in a variety of different applications, including diagnostic, research and validation assays.

Abstract: A fluid applicator device includes an applicator body having a surface that is generally planar. A plurality of aligned applicator teeth extend from said applicator body. Each applicator tooth extends longitudinally from said applicator body along a length from a base of the applicator tooth proximate to the applicator body to a tip of the applicator tooth distal to the applicator body. At least one applicator tooth of the plurality of aligned applicator teeth has a width that is greater at the base than at the tip. A method for depositing a liquid sample on a substrate using the fluid applicator device is also disclosed.

Abstract: It is disclosed a method for treating hepatitis B virus infection or hepatitis B virus/hepatitis delta virus co-infection, the method comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a first pharmaceutically acceptable agent that comprises at least one phosphorothioated nucleic acid polymer and a second pharmaceutically acceptable agent that comprises at least one nucleoside/nucleotide analog HBV polymerase inhibitor.

Abstract: Hand cast gels, and solutions for their preparation, are described.

Abstract: Methods for removing endotoxin from naturally occurring materials, such as polysaccharides (e.g., agarose and/or carrageenan) are described herein. Polysaccharides that are substantially free of endotoxins and uses thereof are also described. The polysaccharide materials can be isolated from microorganisms, multicellular organisms, such as, algae, plants, seaweed, etc. The method involves the use of acidic and basic solutions to hydrolyze the lipid-polysaccharide bond in endotoxins. Cleaving the fatty acid from the polysaccharide reduces the water-solubility of the fatty acid and enables its removal with an organic solvent such as ethanol. The polysaccharide component can also undergo acidic or basic hydrolysis due to the weak glycosidic bond between the sugar rings.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for automatically preparing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples for examination by depositing extremely small samples onto a grid without need for a blotting step. A sample liquid droplet is formed at the end of a capillary, wherein a portion of the liquid is transferred to the TEM sample grid by contact. The excess volume in the liquid droplet is then retracted by an adjacent capillary. After a predetermined time interval, the retraction capillary is moved toward the drop of the sample to remove the excess volume. As compared to a conventional machine, where the blotting procedure can deform the structure of the molecule of interest, the present invention utilizes a very low shear rate for removal of the excess sample fluid.

Abstract: Hand cast gels, and solutions for their preparation, are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to specific marker proteins (biomarkers) for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The invention relates to a method for the diagnostic study of biological samples of a human for Hepatocellular carcinoma, the sample being studied for one or more proteins as a marker for Hepatocellular carcinoma, a concentration of the proteins which is elevated or decreased in relation to the healthy state indicating the presence of Hepatocellular carcinoma, a diagnostic test kit and a method of screening compounds effective in HCC.

Abstract: The invention relates to design of short oligonucleotides and analogs thereof (such as, di-, and trinucleotide compounds) useful for various therapeutic applications. It is believed that the compounds of the invention can be used as antiviral agents, anticancer agents and so on. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the invention can modulate immune-stimulatory pathways and non-TLR pathways. The invention also relates to design modified oligonucleotides for therapeutic applications, by excluding nucleotide segments having off-target effects from the modified oligonucleotides. In another aspect, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of the invention. It is believed that the compounds and compositions as described herein have therapeutic utility against a variety of diseases, including viral diseases, autoimmune diseases (such as, allergy, asthma, and inflammatory disorders) and cancer.

Abstract: Electrophoresis tray arranged to support an electrophoresis cassette for miming electrophoresis experiments, the electrophoresis cassette comprising a gel member in a housing with a front and a back face, wherein the tray comprises a cassette support surface for supporting at least the separation zone of the electrophoresis cassette during electrophoresis, and wherein the cassette support surface is flanked by a pair of buffer pad holders each one arranged to hold a buffer pad in a mating position with respect to buffer connection sections at the back face of the electrophoresis cassette.

Abstract: Colloidal formulation for staining proteins and methods of their use are provided.

Abstract: A method for nucleic acid analysis including injecting a slight amount of nucleic acid sample for analysis, characterized in that most of a nucleic acid sample which is not used, excluding the slight amount of the nucleic acid sample which is used for analysis, can be obtained as a pure product which is not contaminated with a fluorescent material, and a microchip for analyzing nucleic acid which enables such method for nucleic acid analysis, are provided. The method for nucleic acid analysis may analyze at least two different nucleic acid samples in a continuous manner by sequentially injecting the at least two different nucleic acid samples.

Abstract: Proteins that are electrophoretically separated in a gel are derivatized to produce fluorescent emissions by incorporating halo-substituted organic compounds into one or both of the electrode buffer solutions at the two ends of the gel. The halo-substituted compounds used are ones that bear an electric charge at the pH of the buffer solutions and gel, and the polarity of the charge on the compounds is such that the compounds migrate from the electrode buffer into the gel under the electrophoretic influence concurrently with the migration of the proteins into the gel. Once the proteins are separated and distributed within the gel and the gel is fully penetrated with the halo-substituted compounds, the gel is irradiated with ultraviolet light to induce a reaction between the halo-substituted compounds and the proteins through the tryptophan residues on the proteins, producing fluorescent reaction products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for separating or isolating charged particles under the influence of an electric field without metal electrodes being in direct contact with the sample solution. The metal electrodes normally in contact with the sample are replaced with high conductivity fluid electrodes situated parallel and adjacent to the sample. When the fluid electrodes transmit the electric field across the sample, particles within the sample migrate according to their electrophoretic mobility.

Abstract: Staining compositions and methods for use with a matrix, such as an electrophoretic gel, containing separated biopolymers. The compositions including an acid, an organic solvent, and a generally planar, fluid-permeable gel contact sheet consisting primarily of a non-cellulosic material. The acid and organic solvent may be sorbed to the fluid-permeable gel contact sheet, or may be sorbed to a layers contactable with a non-gel contact side of the gel contact sheet. In one embodiment, the composition is a source electrophoretic stain composition including a staining reagent. In one embodiment, the composition is a sink electrophoretic stain composition including a sorbent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic scaffold that exploits the use of electrical fields and electrical insulating materials to pattern previously polymerized hydro gels with different molecules and/or macromolecular entities. The invention also relates to the 3D-biomimetic scaffolds obtained and to the uses and applications thereof.

Abstract: A cylindrical cam device includes an axle and a plurality of disk portions disposed about the axle. The plurality of disk portions define a plurality of interstitial regions disposed between the plurality of disk portions. Each of the plurality of disk portions comprises a radial edge. The radial edge of each of the plurality of disk portions comprises a material or structure capable of retaining a liquid and releasing at least a portion of the liquid onto a substrate. A method for facilitating electrophoretic analysis of biological samples utilizing the cylindrical cam device is also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to the use of a bio-barcode (BBC) method for capture and demonstrates hybridization co-polymerization amplification readout of the BBC as a method of rapid detection of single stranded DNA output with an increased sensitivity for the initial target input to the BBC assay. The BBC assay reporter ssDNA can be modified for rapid readout. Two ssDNA molecules are designed to co-polymerize and then continually hybridize into double stranded DNA. The double stranded DNA can be optically and/or electrically detected. Kits related to the two ssDNA molecules and the BBC assay also are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are gel systems prepared with a substantially neutral gel buffer solution, which contains an amine base and at least one zwitterionic component and an acid component. Methods of making and using these gel systems are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided is a means for accurately analyzing a protease by electrophoresis. Disclosed is an electrophoretic analysis method for analyzing a protease-containing sample, is characterized by exposing a sample containing a protease to be analyzed, to pH conditions under which the protease is rapidly deactivated, and then subjecting the sample to electrophoresis.

Abstract: Systems and methods for labeling, staining, and bioimaging of nucleic acids, their fragments, proteins, polypeptides and enzymes are described. In one aspect, a percentage concentration agarose gel or polyacrylamide gel is generated with agarose or polyacrylamide powder respectively. Silicon nanoparticles are added to the agarose or polyacrylamide gel at a required concentration via the agarose or polyacrylamide powder or after agarose or polyacrylamide solubilization in a loading buffer. The nucleic acid is added to agarose gel slots and proteins or enzymes are added to polyacrylamide gel slots in the loading buffer. The loading buffer is then electrophoresed in each case for an amount of time, causing the added silicon nanoparticles or the added ethidium bromide (after agarose solubilization) to generate a bound and labeled nucleic acid and their fragments and proteins or enzymes (with silicon nanoparticles only).

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and kits for diagnosing the nutritional state of selenium, using six proteins as biomarkers for which the expression increases when the metabolic state is supra-nutritional.

Abstract: A method of characterizing proteins has been developed that includes providing a sample that contains a plurality of proteins to be characterized, wherein at least a first protein of the plurality of proteins is in its native form. Additionally, the method includes contacting the sample containing the plurality of proteins with a solution to form a sample solution, and then contacting the sample solution with a gel. The plurality of proteins is subsequently separated via electrophoresis within the gel, which includes an electrophoresis solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the proline rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) gene, and the identification of mutations and variations in PRRT2 that give rise to seizure and movement disorders. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the diagnosis or prognosis of such disorders by identifying alterations in the PRRT2 gene. Identification of alterations in the PRRT2 gene also enables the identification of subjects with an increased likelihood of having an offspring predisposed to such disorders. The present invention also provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising an alteration in the PRRT2 gene, wherein said alteration produces a seizure and/or movement disorder phenotype. Also provided is an isolated PRRT2 polypeptide that comprises an alteration which produces a seizure and/or movement disorder phenotype.

Abstract: A system of controlled translocation of macromolecules by gel electrophesis employs a funnel nanopore structure. A graphene portion is attached to a porous material layer including funnel-shaped pores such that the graphene portion blocks the side of the porous material layer having openings for smaller pores. A pair of electrical contacts is formed on the graphene portion. A dielectric material layer may be deposited to hold the graphene portion in place. A nanoscale hole is formed through the dielectric material layer and the graphene portion to provide a smallest opening in a funnel nanopore structure. The funnel nanopore structure is placed within a capsule configured for gel electrophoresis. A linear chain of molecules can pass through a funnel-shaped pore and the nanoscale hole during the gel electrophoresis. A graphene nanopore detector allows measurement of blockage current for sufficient resolution of base pairs in DNA's.

Abstract: A system of controlled translocation of macromolecules by gel electrophesis employs a funnel nanopore structure. A graphene portion is attached to a porous material layer including funnel-shaped pores such that the graphene portion blocks the side of the porous material layer having openings for smaller pores. A pair of electrical contacts is formed on the graphene portion. A dielectric material layer may be deposited to hold the graphene portion in place. A nanoscale hole is formed through the dielectric material layer and the graphene portion to provide a smallest opening in a funnel nanopore structure. The funnel nanopore structure is placed within a capsule configured for gel electrophoresis. A linear chain of molecules can pass through a funnel-shaped pore and the nanoscale hole during the gel electrophoresis. A graphene nanopore detector allows measurement of blockage current for sufficient resolution of base pairs in DNA's.

Abstract: A method of screening compounds or molecules comprising the steps of: translating a sequence encoding the amino acid sequence comprising SEQ ID No. 29 in a translation system in the presence of a test compound or molecule; and analysing the translation product(s) for the presence of one or more of (a) a peptide comprising the amino acids Pro-Gly at the C terminus and a peptide comprising the amino acid Pro at the N terminus: or (b) a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 29.

Abstract: The invention provides method and compositions to minimize the chlorophyll antenna size of photosynthesis by decreasing TLA2 gene expression, thereby improving solar conversion efficiencies and photosynthetic productivity in green microalgae, under bright sunlight conditions.

Abstract: The invention includes methods and apparatus for isolating and recovering mutations, especially rare and unknown mutations, without amplifying the sample. In particular, using the disclosed methods, it is possible to separate heteroduplexed nucleic acid strand pair from homoduplexed nucleic acid strand pairs having similar sequences and being at a much higher concentration. Once the heteroduplexed nucleic acids are isolated and recovered, it is straightforward to analyze the sequences of the heteroduplexed nucleic acids, e.g., using sequencing or hybrid assays.

Abstract: A channel (12) is formed inside a transparent substrate (11), and the two ends are respectively connected to a sample inlet (13) and a separation medium filling port (14) both open to outside, and a sample outlet (15) which is open to outside is provided on the channel (12). The portion between the sample inlet (13) and the sample outlet (15) is a separation channel portion (12a), and the portion between the sample outlet (15) and the separation medium filling port (14) is a separation medium introduction channel portion (12b). A separation medium supplier is connected to the separation medium filling port (14) and the separation medium introduction channel portion (12b) is filled with a separation medium. Then a sample is dropped to the sample inlet (13), with the sample medium supplier still connected, to introduce the sample to the separation channel portion (12a). And then, buffer liquid is poured in buffer reservoirs (16) and (17) and a migration voltage is applied to perform a migration analysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides an arsenite oxidase enzyme modified to prevent translocation by modification of a translocation signal sequence. A microorganism modified to express the heterologous arsenite oxidase enzyme is also provided by the invention, together with a device for detecting the presence of arsenite in a sample.