Abstract: The present invention provides a cyanide-based silver alloy electroplating solution characterized by containing 10 to 100 g/L of silver cyanide complex in terms of silver, 5 to 300 g/L of electroconductive salt, 0.1 to 10 g/L of germanium compound in terms of germanium, and 1 to 100 g/L of a coordinating polymer additive.

Abstract: A through substrate via structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and a redistribution layer structure and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The through substrate via structure includes a columnar conductive layer and a nanotwinned metal film disposed at least around the conductive layer. In a cross-section of the through substrate via structure, relative to a total area of the conductive layer and the nanotwinned metal film, an area ratio of the nanotwinned metal film is 50% or less by area.

Abstract: An nitrogen solid solution titanium sintered compact includes a matrix made of a titanium component having an ?-phase, nitrogen atoms dissolved as a solute of solid solution in a crystal lattice of the titanium component, and metal atoms dissolved as a solute of solid solution in the crystal lattice of the titanium component.

Abstract: This application relates to an enclosure for a portable electronic device. The enclosure includes an aluminum alloy substrate and an anodized layer overlaying and formed from the aluminum alloy substrate. The anodized layer includes pores, where the pores include (i) dye particles that impart the anodized layer with a color, and (ii) divalent metal cations.

Abstract: An electrolyte precursor solution includes a metallic compound containing elements constituting an electrolyte, a solvent capable of dissolving the metallic compound, and an anionic surfactant having a sulfate group (SO42?) bonded to a hydrophobic group R. By reacting such an electrolyte precursor solution with active material particles containing lithium, lithium sulfate derived from the anionic surfactant is interposed at the interface between the surface of the active material particle and the electrolyte so as to enhance the dissociation of lithium ions at the interface, and thus, an excellent ion conductivity can be realized.

Abstract: A slide member having a slide surface coated with a lacquer including a resin. The lacquer is in turn at least partly coated with a lipophilic composition coating. The lipophilic composition coating provides a slide layer on the slide member with low friction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon fiber which exhibits excellent strength development rate when used in a composite material. The present invention that solves the problems is a carbon fiber which simultaneously satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2): Lc/d?3??(1) TS×d×Lc>6.0×105??(2) wherein: Lc is an X-ray crystallite size (?), d is a filament diameter (?m), and TS is a strand tensile strength (MPa).

Abstract: This application relates to a multi-piece enclosure for a portable electronic device. The enclosure includes a metal part including a metal substrate and a metal oxide layer overlaying the metal substrate, the metal oxide layer having an external surface that includes openings that lead into undercut regions. The openings are characterized as having a first width, and the undercut regions are characterized as having a second width that is greater than the first width. The enclosure further includes a non-metallic bulk layer including protruding portions that extend into the undercut regions such that the non-metallic bulk layer is interlocked with the metal part.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of copper foil and circuit board assembly for high frequency transmission are provided. Firstly, a raw copper foil having a predetermined surface is produced by an electrolyzing process. Subsequently, a roughened layer including a plurality of copper particles is formed on the predetermined surface by an arsenic-free electrolytic roughening treatment and an arsenic-free electrolytic surface protection treatment. Thereafter, a surface treatment layer is formed on the roughened layer, and the roughened layer is made of a material which includes at least one kind of non-copper metal elements and the concentration of the non-copper metal elements is smaller than 400 ppm. By controlling the concentration of the non-copper elements, the resistance of the copper foil can be reduced.

Abstract: This application relates to a portable electronic device. The portable electronic device includes an enclosure having a metal oxide coating, the metal oxide coating including a metal alloy substrate that is doped with a dopant, and a metal oxide layer overlaying and formed from the metal alloy substrate so that the metal oxide layer includes the dopant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of processing of materials using a moving interface, the method comprising: providing a working material, the working material comprising a substrate with a metallic film on at least one side of the substrate; providing an energy source adjacent to the working material, where the energy source is electrical current between a cathode and the working material as an anode; providing for relative controlled movement between the working material and the energy source, where the relative controlled movement is a motor attached to the working material via a linkage; activating the energy source such that the energy processes the working material; moving the energy source and/or the working material relative to the other to control the amount of processing of the working material achieved by the energy, where the processing of the working material is anodization; immersing the working material at a controlled speed into an anodizing bath equipped with a cathode; starting anodization

Abstract: The present invention relates to: an electrolytic copper foil having high dimensional stability and texture stability in a high temperature environment of a process for manufacturing an Li secondary battery; and a manufacturing method therefor. The electrolytic copper foil of the present invention has a thermal expansion coefficient of 17.1-22 ?m/(m·° C.) in a temperature region of 30-190° C., has a variation of full width at half maximum of the (220) plane of 0.81-1.19 according to heat treatment for 30 minutes at 190° C., and has a weight deviation of 5% or less in the transverse direction.

Abstract: A treatment device 1 includes: a treatment tank 2; an electrolytic cell 6 including diamond electrodes continuous from a pipe 4 including a circulation pump 5; and a pipe 7 supplying from the electrolytic cell 6 to the treatment tank 2. The treatment tank 2 and the electrolytic cell 6 are filled with sulfuric acid having a predetermined concentration; current is applied to the electrolytic cell 6 to electrolyze the sulfuric acid and a persulfuric acid solution S is generated by electrolyzing the sulfuric acid; and the persulfuric acid solution S is supplied to the treatment tank 2 through the pipe 7. Besides, inside the treatment tank 2, a PPS resin board 8 is vertically suspended in a state of being fixed to a fixture 8A, and the PPS resin board 8 is treated by the persulfuric acid solution S.

Abstract: A porous region structure and a method of fabrication thereof are disclosed. The porous region structure is characterized by having a hard mask interface region with non-uniform pores sealed and thereby excluded functionally from the structure. The sealing of the hard mask interface region is done using a hard mask deposited on top of an anodization hard mask used to define the porous region of the structure. By excluding the hard mask interface region, the porosity ratio and the equivalent specific surface of the porous region structure can be controlled or quantified with higher accuracy. Corrosion due to exposure of an underlying metal layer of the structure is also significantly reduced by sealing the hard mask interface region.

Abstract: A process for producing a part provided with an external element includes: providing an electrically conductive substrate having an upper surface and a raised pattern with a crest on the upper surface; depositing an electrically insulating layer onto the upper surface around the pattern to a thickness less than or equal to the distance between the crest and the upper surface; depositing a metal layer onto the crest by galvanic growth so that the metal layer partly rests on the insulating layer; dissolving the insulating layer; covering an assembly including the substrate and the metal layer with a mass of a base material of the part to form an imprint; separating the mass and the metal layer from the substrate, the mass then exhibiting an external element formed by a recess, the shape of which corresponds to the imprint and the base of which interfaces with the metal layer.

Abstract: A modified carbon material, including a carbonaceous material and a water-insoluble modifier combined with the carbonaceous material, wherein the water-insoluble modifier is CuO, the carbonaceous material is one of or a mixture of biomass carbon or carbon black, a mass of the water-insoluble modifier is being 0.1-10 wt % of the carbonaceous material. The method for preparing the modified carbon material includes: (1) soaking the carbonaceous material in a copper sulfate solution for 5 to 36 hours, and (2) adding an alkali solution into a solution obtained in step (1) to provide a pH value ?12, and after keeping the pH value for 0.5 to 2 hours, filtering and drying to obtain a solid. (3) using the carbonaceous material as a combustion heat source to reduce the ignition temperature, increase or reduce the peak thermal power temperature.

Abstract: Anode foil, preferably aluminum anode foil, is etched using a process of treating the foil in an electrolyte bath composition comprising a perfluoroalkylsulfonate, a sulfate, a halide, and an oxidizing agent. The anode foil is etched in the electrolyte bath composition by passing a direct current charge through the bath. The etched anode foil is suitable for use in an electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: This application relates to an enclosure for a portable electronic device. The enclosure includes an aluminum alloy substrate and an anodized layer overlaying and formed from the aluminum alloy substrate, wherein the anodized layer has an external surface that has a concentration of zinc that is between about 3 wt % to about 7 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a computer-implemented method and an apparatus for manufacturing an analogue audio storage medium wherein digital audio data is converted into topographical data representing an analogue translation of the digital audio data, and a laser beam is selectively applied to a substrate to form a physical imprint of the topographical data on the surface of the substrate to create an analogue audio storage medium. The medium may be directly playable on a conventional playback device such as a record player and/or used to mould further playable mediums. The invention thereby enables more efficient manufacturing of e.g. vinyl records and consistently ensures a much higher quality of analogue audio.

Abstract: Provided is a film-forming resin composition for protecting an article that an organic polymer is exposed, including a polyurethane resin (A) having a hydroxyl group, a (meth)acrylic resin (B) having a hydroxyl group, and a polyfunctional isocyanate (C), in which the composition has a cross-linking density n of 1.0×10?4 to 5.0×10?3 mol/cm3, which is determined according to Mathematical Formula (1) n=E?min/(3RT). Here, E?min represents a minimum value E?min of storage elastic modulus of a cured film obtained by curing the resin composition at 80° C. for 16 hours in a case where the cured film is subjected to viscoelasticity measurement at a frequency of 1.0 Hz and a temperature range of ?40° C. to 160° C., T represents an absolute temperature at the minimum value E?min, and R represents a gas constant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a resin emulsion containing an aminated resin (A) and a blocked isocyanate curing agent (B), characterized in that a deposited electrodeposition coating film of the cationic electrodeposition coating composition has a coating film viscosity in a range of 5,000 to 1,000,000 mPa·s at 110° C., and a portion resulting from removal of a resin component from the deposited electrodeposition coating film of the cationic electrodeposition coating composition has a polarity term in a range of 2 to 30 mN/m.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating an electrode structure includes a high voltage unit, a plating material part facing the high voltage unit, and a transfer roll to which a negative voltage is applied. The high voltage unit includes a high voltage roll, and an insulating sheath configured to cover a surface of the high voltage roll. The high voltage roll is applied with a voltage of about 1 kV to about 100 kV, the plating material part is applied with a positive voltage, and the high voltage unit and the transfer roll rotate.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate to treatments for anodic layers. The methods described can be used to impart a white appearance for an anodized substrate. The anodized substrate can include a metal substrate and a porous anodic layer derived from the metal substrate. The porous anodic layer can include pores defined by pore walls and fissures formed within the pore walls. The fissures can act as a light scattering medium to diffusely reflect visible light. In some embodiments, the method can include forming fissures within the pore walls of the porous anodic layer. In some embodiments, exposing the porous anodic layer to an etching solution can form fissures. The method further includes removing a top portion of the porous anodic layer while retaining a portion of the porous anodic layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in a wireless communication device is provided. A reference signal is received from a network entity, and a default set of individual beams is defined, each of the beams having an associated direction. A compression matrix is determined, and an indication of the determined compression matrix is sent to the network entity. The compression matrix is applied to the default set of individual beams resulting in a new set of composite beams, where at least one of the composite beams includes a combination of multiple individual beams from the default set, and where the multiple individual beams included in the at least one of the composite beams each extend in a different direction. A set of beam weighting values is determined, and the determined set of beam weighting values is sent to the network entity.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a connection structure including one or more redistribution layers, a semiconductor chip disposed on the connection structure and electrically connected to the one or more redistribution layers, an encapsulant disposed on the connection structure and covering at least a portion of the semiconductor chip, and a shielding structure covering at least a portion of the encapsulant. The shielding structure includes a conductive pattern layer having a plurality of openings, a first metal layer covering the conductive pattern layer and extending across the plurality of openings, and a second metal layer covering the first metal layer. The second metal layer has a thickness greater than a thickness of the first metal layer.

Abstract: A method for producing high quality electrolytic aluminum foil excellent in peelability from a cathode surface is provided. A method for producing electrolytic aluminum foil according to the present disclosure is a method for producing electrolytic aluminum foil, comprising steps of depositing an aluminum film on a surface of a cathode in an electrolytic cell supplied with an electrolytic solution and comprising the cathode; and peeling the deposited aluminum film from the surface of the cathode to provide aluminum foil, wherein the cathode has surface roughness of an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.10 to 0.40 ?m and a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of 0.20 to 0.70 ?m.

Abstract: A ferrule mold having a reverse-image of a through-hole array for optical fibers is formed. A non-polymeric ferrule material is deposited in the reverse-image mold, followed by removing the mold to create a multi-fiber connector ferrule having at least two fiber through-holes. An optical fiber is inserted in each through-hole until each fiber endface is positioned approximately even with a connection surface of the ferrule. A fiber recess for each of the optical fibers is formed such that each fiber is recessed from the multi-fiber ferrule connection surface by a distance of at least 0.1 micron. The recess may be formed by differential polishing of the non-polymeric ferrule and endfaces of the optical fibers. Alternatively, a layer of spacer material may be deposited over the multi-fiber ferrule connection surface. An antireflection coating is deposited over the ferrule connection surface and ends of the recessed fibers.

Abstract: A hydrophobic coating and a method for applying such a coating to a surface of a metallic substrate. The method can include anodizing a nanoporous layer of anodic metal oxide on the surface; cathodizing yttrium oxide nanoparticles onto the surface; applying a hydrophobic ceramic coating composition to the surface by an application method selected from the group consisting of: flowing, dipping, and spraying; and heating the coated surface at a cure temperature from about 150° C. to about 300° C. for at least 2 hours.

Abstract: A process for producing a part provided with an external element includes: providing an electrically conductive substrate having an upper surface and a raised pattern with a crest on the upper surface; depositing an electrically insulating layer onto the upper surface around the pattern to a thickness less than or equal to the distance between the crest and the upper surface; depositing a metal layer onto the crest by galvanic growth so that the metal layer partly rests on the insulating layer; dissolving the insulating layer; covering an assembly including the substrate and the metal layer with a mass of a base material of the part to form an imprint; separating the mass and the metal layer from the substrate, the mass then exhibiting an external element formed by a recess, the shape of which corresponds to the imprint and the base of which interfaces with the metal layer.

Abstract: A photo-resist (21) is applied in a pattern of vertical columns having the dimensions of holes or pores of the aperture plate to be produced. This mask pattern provides the apertures which define the aerosol particle size, having up to 2500 holes per square mm. There is electro-deposition of metal (22) into the spaces around the columns (21). There is further application of a second photo-resist mask (25) of much larger (wider and taller) columns, encompassing the area of a number of first columns (21). The hole diameter in the second plating layer is chosen according to a desired flow rate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods of phosphidation, catalysts formed from phosphidation, and methods of producing H2.

Abstract: In various aspects, the present disclosure provides porous materials having extreme wettability to polar or non-polar fluids, such as water and oil. The porous material has a coated surface comprising a low surface energy fluoroalkyl silane that is treated to exhibit at least one type of extreme wettability. In certain aspects, the disclosure provides a porous material comprising a coated surface that is both superhydrophobic and oleophilic, or superhydrophobic and superoleophobic, or superhydrophilic and oleophobic, by way of example. Methods of forming a porous surface having a predetermined wettability are also provided. Other embodiments include fluidic devices that incorporate porous materials having extreme wettabilities, such as microfluidic devices and separators.

Abstract: An ion inlet assembly for connecting to a mass spectrometer housing is disclosed comprising a sampling limiting body having a sampling orifice. The sampling limiting body comprises a nickel disk wherein the disk and sampling orifice are made or formed by an electroforming process.

Abstract: Treatments for anodic coatings that provide improved resistance to staining and cracking during various manufacturing processes are described. According to some embodiments, the methods include placing the anodic coatings in partially sealed states by sealing only the outermost portions of the anodic coatings, which protect the outer surfaces of the anodic coatings from contamination and staining. Inner portions of the anodic coatings are left unsealed, thereby making the anodic coatings more compliant and resistant to cracking when exposed to manufacturing processes, even those that involve exposure to high temperatures or high mechanical stress. Subsequent to the processing, another sealing process can be implemented to fully seal the anodic coatings so that they provide good corrosion and wear resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of electrodepositing a metal on an electrically conductive particulate substrate. There is provided a method of electrodepositing a metal on an electrically conductive particulate substrate comprising the steps of: (i) providing a cathode; (ii) providing an anode formed from the metal to be electrodeposited; (iii) providing the substrate, cathode and anode within an electrodeposition bath comprising an electrolyte; and (iv) providing a voltage between said anode and cathode causing metal ions to flow from the anode to the cathode, wherein a separator is provided between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: Anode foil, preferably aluminum anode foil, is etched using a process of treating the foil in an electrolyte bath composition comprising a persulfate, a halide, an oxidizing agent, and a sulfate. An etch resist can be added to the anode foil prior to etching. The anode foil and the attached etch resist can be heated prior to immersing both in an electrolyte bath composition. The anode foil is etched in the electrolyte bath composition by passing a charge through the bath, while maintaining a constant level of persulfate. The etched anode foil is suitable for use in an electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: Techniques for mechanically stabilizing metallic nanowire meshes using encapsulation are provided. In one aspect, a method for forming a mechanically-stabilized metallic nanowire mesh is provided which includes the steps of: forming the metallic nanowire mesh on a substrate; and coating the metallic nanowire mesh with a metal oxide that encapsulates the metallic nanowire mesh to mechanically-stabilize the metallic nanowire mesh which permits the metallic nanowire mesh to remain conductive at temperatures greater than or equal to about 600° C. A mechanically-stabilized metallic nanowire mesh is also provided.

Abstract: A boron doped synthetic diamond material which has the following characteristics: a solvent window meeting one or both of the following criteria as measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in a solution containing only deionized water and 0.1M KNO3 as a supporting electrolyte at pH 6: the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 4.1 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 38 mA cm?2; and the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 3.3 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 0.

Abstract: A chassis member for a chassis of an electronic device is disclosed. The chassis member includes an aluminum alloy layer and an alumite layer serving as an outermost layer of the chassis member and disposed on a surface of the aluminum alloy layer. A grain size of an aluminum alloy in the aluminum alloy layer is between 40 ?m and 50 ?m.

Abstract: A patterning method employing a half tone mask includes the steps of: successively forming a first thin film layer, a second thin film layer and a photoresist thin film layer on a substrate; exposing and developing the photoresist thin film layer by using a half tone mask plate; performing a first etching on the substrate that is exposed and developed; performing a second etching on the substrate that has been subject to the first etching; passivating the substrate that has been subject to the first etching; ashing the substrate that has been passivated; performing a third etching on the substrate that has been subject to the ashing and the second etching; and, stripping the substrate that has been subject to the third etching.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aircraft element including a leading edge section and a trailing edge section, and the leading edge section includes an anti-frost treatment device. This aircraft element is remarkable in that the trailing edge section includes a superhydrophobic surface.

Abstract: Processes for enhancing the corrosion resistance of anodized substrates are disclosed. In some embodiments, the process involves a second anodizing operation that targets an area of the substrate that is left inadequately protected by a first anodizing operation, and also targets defects that may have been arisen from intermediate processing operations such as laser-marking operations. The second anodizing operation can be conducted in a non-pore-forming electrolyte, and grows a thick protective barrier film over inadequately protected areas of the substrate, such as laser-marking treated areas.

Abstract: The inventive two-step process operates at low temperature, without any toxic heavy metals, to provide excellent sealing on anodized aluminum substrates, especially those aluminum substrates comprising silicon. The first step of the process seals the anodized surface and the second step passivates the anodized surface. The process allows for corrosion resistance in anodized aluminum and anodized aluminum alloys to be achieved that is comparable to traditional nickel based sealants, without the toxicity of nickel. The process additionally does not require any excessive temperatures, as required by hot water sealing processes. The composition used for the sealing step comprises soluble lithium ions, fluoride ions, and preferably, a complexing agent comprising phosphines, phosphonates and/or polymers of acrylic acid. The composition used for the passivation step comprises metal ions and preferably a complexing agent comprising phosphines, phosphonates and/or polymers of acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the delayed sintering of metal nanoparticles in a self-assembled transparent conductive coating by incorporating a sintering additive into the water phase of the emulsion used to form the coating. The sintering additive reduces the standard reduction potential of the metal ion of the metal forming the nanoparticles by an amount greater than 0.1V but less than the full reduction potential of the metal ion. Emulsion compositions used in the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cathode active composite containing an amorphous composite of vanadium oxide and an inorganic sulfide is provided. In one embodiment the composite contains vanadium pentoxide and phosphorous pentasulfide. In a further special embodiment, a cathode active material comprising a nanoparticle composite of an amorphous matrix containing vanadium, oxygen and sulfur and crystalline regions of vanadium and oxygen embedded in the matrix is provided. Electrochemical cells and a reversible battery having a cathode containing one of the cathode active composites are also provided. In specific embodiments the battery is a magnesium battery.

Abstract: This invention involves a plasma oxidation method for making an oxide coating containing air pockets. The encapsulated air, which has minimal thermal conductivity and capacity, allows the coating to adapt quickly to changes in the surrounding temperature. The thermal diffusivity and conductivity of the coated metal can be tailored to provide various thermal functions for internal combustion engine parts.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed. In one aspect, the display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area and an input wiring portion and an output wiring portion formed in the non-display area. The display device also includes a driver integrated circuit (IC) formed over the substrate and electrically connected to the input and output wiring portions. Each of the input and output wiring portions includes a metal layer and a metal carbide layer that covers the metal layer.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are presented for cleaning the tunnels of an electrochemically etched anode foil. The apparatus includes a tank, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and one or more tranducers. The tank is designed to receive a plurality of cartridges, each of the plurality of cartridges having a reservoir and being designed to hold a metal foil. The fluid inlet and fluid outlet are coupled with at least one of the plurality of cartridges, and are designed to introduce and expel, respectively, a liquid from the reservoir within at least one of the plurality of cartridges. The one or more transducers are coupled to at least one wall of each reservoir, the one or more transducers being designed to sonicate the liquid within each reservoir at a frequency less than 300 Hz.

Abstract: In an example of the method for making a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on a surface of an electrode, the electrode is exposed to an electrolyte solution in an electrochemical cell. The electrolyte solution includes either i) an organo-polysulfide additive having a formula RSnR? (n?2), wherein R and R? are independently selected from a methyl group, an unsaturated chain, a 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)-1-propyl group, or a 4-nitrophenyl group, or ii) a fluorinated organo-polysulfide additive having a formula RSnR? (n?2), wherein R and R? can be the same or different, and wherein R and R? each have a general formula of CxHyF(2x?y+1), where x is at least 1 and y ranges from 0 to 2x. A voltage or a load is applied to the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Micro additions of certain elements such as zirconium or titanium are added to high strength aluminum alloys to counter discoloring effects of other micro-alloying elements when the high strength alloys are anodized. The other micro-alloying elements are added to increase the adhesion of an anodic film to the aluminum alloy substrate. However, these micro-alloying elements can also cause slight discoloration, such as a yellowing, of the anodic film. Such micro-alloying elements that can cause discoloration can include copper, manganese, iron and silver. The micro additions of additional elements, such as one or more of zirconium, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, tungsten, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, can dilute the discoloration of the micro-alloying elements. The resulting anodic films are substantially colorless.