Abstract: Electroplating systems and methods are provided that employ a structure for defining a zone of deposition for co-depositing metal and nanomaterial on a cathode. Materials that may be co-deposited include copper and carbon nanotubes Pulsed power may be employed to produce a more dimensionally uniform and/or more functionally uniform deposit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating an anodically oxidized surface of aluminum or an aluminum alloy by means of a wet chemical process, wherein the surface of aluminum or the aluminum alloy is pretreated, anodically oxidized, flushed and partially subjected to hot compacting. The present invention also relates to a corresponding aluminum surface obtainable, in particular, with the aid of the process according to the invention.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include conductive polymeric coatings and methods of making the same. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of electrodepositing a conductive polymeric coating onto a substrate surface. The method can include contacting the substrate surface with a solution comprising a monomer, a counterion, and a solvent; exposing the solution to an electrical potential, wherein the surface serves as an electrode in the application of the electrical potential; and alternating the electrical potential between a lower potential and a higher potential to form the conductive polymeric coating on the substrate surface. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: A counterfeiting deterrent device according to one implementation of the disclosure includes a plurality of layers formed by an additive process. Each of the layers may have a thickness of less than 100 microns. At least one of the layers has a series of indentations formed in an outer edge of the layer such that the indentations can be observed to verify that the device originated from a predetermined source. According to another implementation, a counterfeiting deterrent device includes at least one raised layer having outer edges in the shape of a logo. A light source is configured and arranged to shine a light through a slit in a substrate layer of the device and past an intermediate layer to light up the outer edge of the raised layer. The layers of the device are formed by an additive process and have a thickness of less than 100 microns each.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing a metal foam of at least one metal M having a porous micrometric structure, the method including a step of contact glow discharge electrolysis in an electrolytic plasma reduction conducted in an electrolytic solution in which are immersed an anode and a cathode connected to a continuous electrical power supply, the electrolytic solution including at least one first electrolyte in a solvent, the first electrolyte being the at least one metal M in cationic form, the electrolytic solution further including a gelatine, as well as a metal foam obtained by this method, and a device comprising such a foam.

Abstract: A self-aligned tunable metamaterial is formed as a wire mesh. Self-aligned channel grids are formed in layers in a silicon substrate using deep trench formation and a high-temperature anneal. Vertical wells at the channels may also be etched. This may result in a three-dimensional mesh grid of metal and other material. In another embodiment, metallic beads are deposited at each intersection of the mesh grid, the grid is encased in a rigid medium, and the mesh grid is removed to form an artificial nanocrystal.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the field of tin electroplating. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods for mitigating tin whisker formation on tin-plated films and tin-plated surfaces by doping the tin with gold.

Abstract: A refurbishing method, refurbishing apparatus and refurbished article are provided. The refurbishing method includes accessing a plurality of rotatable components attached to a turbine assembly, the turbine assembly being a portion of a turbomachine, providing a predetermined volume of a buffered electrolytic solution in an electro-polishing tank, coupling the plurality of rotatable components to a power supply, immersing an immersion portion of at least one of the plurality of rotatable components in the buffered electrolytic solution, passing an electrical energy through the immersion portion of at least one of the plurality of rotatable components while the immersion portion is immersed in the buffered electrolytic solution, wherein an electrical flux to the immersion portion electro-polishes the immersion portion, separating the immersion portion from the buffered electrolytic solution, and applying a corrosion inhibitor to the plurality of rotatable components.

Abstract: Al—Mnx/Al—Mny multilayers with a wide range of structures ranging from microcrystalline to nanocrystalline and amorphous were electrodeposited using a single bath method under galvanostatic control from room temperature ionic liquid. By varying the Mn composition by ?1-3 at. % between layers, the grain sizes in one material can be systematically modulated between two values. For example, one specimen alternates between grain sizes of about 21 and 52 nm, in an alloy of average composition of 10.3 at. % Mn. Nanoindentation testing revealed multilayers with finer grains and higher Mn content exhibited better resistance to plastic deformation. Other alloy systems also are expected to be electrodeposited under similar circumstances.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device including a titania nanotube membrane having a plurality of titania nanotubes on a titanium substrate where the titania nanotubes are open at both ends and capable of allowing diffusion of liquids or solids from one side of the membrane to the other through the titania nanotubes. Methods of making the titania nanotube membrane are also provided.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide an anti-virus aluminum member capable of minimizing secondary infection by deactivating viruses in a short period of time even when viruses adhere thereto, regardless of whether a viral envelope is present, and useful for application in door knobs, handrails, air-conditioner fins or the like. [Solution] An anti-virus aluminum member capable of deactivating viruses that adhere thereto is characterized in that an anti-virus inorganic compound is present in the pores of an anodized membrane provided with multiple pores and obtained by anodizing aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Abstract: Markings on products are disclosed. In one embodiment, the products have housings and the markings are to be provided on the housings. For example, a housing for a particular product can include an outer housing surface and the markings can be provided on the outer housing surface so as to be visible from the outside of the housing. The markings may be precisely formed using a laser. Processing may be used to increase reflectivity of the markings.

Abstract: There is provided a heat-dissipation sheet assembly comprising a heat-dissipation sheet layer having good heat conductivity and a protection layer(s) electrodeposited on one or both sides of the heat-dissipation sheet layer. When the heat-dissipation sheet layer is immersed in an aqueous solution for electrodeposition added with a material for electrodeposition and electric current is permitted to flow in the aqueous solution, the protection layer(s) is electrodeposited on the one or both sides of the heat-dissipation sheet layer. The heat-dissipation sheet assembly can be attached to a heat-generating unit by applying an adhesion layer to an underside of the heat-dissipation sheet assembly.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy, an aluminum alloy resin composite, a method of preparing aluminum alloy, and a method of preparing aluminum alloy-resin composite are provided. The aluminum alloy may comprise: an aluminum alloy substrate; and an oxide layer formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate. The oxide layer comprises an outer surface and an inner surface. The outer surface contains corrosion pores having an average diameter of about 200 nm to about 2000 nm; and the inner surface contains nanopores having an average diameter of about 10 nm to about 100 nm.

Abstract: A carbon fiber with a conductive finish includes carbon fiber filaments including a metal coating, wherein the carbon fiber filaments have a finish on the metal coating based on at least one polymer binder and containing conductive nanoparticles. The concentration of the metal coating is 8 to 25 wt. % and the concentration of the carbon nanotubes is 0.1 to 1 wt. %, each relative to the weight of the carbon fiber provided with the metal coating and finish. A method for producing fibers of this type is set forth, as well as a fiber-reinforced composite material comprising carbon fibers including carbon fiber filaments, wherein the carbon fiber filaments are coated with a metal, and a polymer-based matrix, wherein the percent by volume of the fibers in the composite material is 30 to 70 vol. % and the composite material additionally contains conductive nanoparticles which are dispersed at least partially in the matrix.

Abstract: Present invention provides an electrolytic copper foil having a high normal tensile strength and a resistance to the lowering of the tensile strength after thermal treatment. An electrolytic copper foil having a normal tensile strength of 500-750 MPa and a tensile strength after heating at 400° C. for one hour of at least 350 MPa.

Abstract: A metal surface treated to have two anodized layers or regions may be used in electronic devices. The surface treatment may include performing a first anodization process to create a first anodized layer, removing the first anodized layer at select locations, and performing a second anodization process to create a second anodized layer at the select locations. The first and second anodized regions may have different decorative properties, such as color, and different structural properties, such as degree of abrasion resistance. One of the anodization processes may be hard anodization and the other may be standard anodization.

Abstract: The method relates to a method for producing electrically conductive structures on electrically non-conductive substrates and to a method for the electrochemical deposition of metals on substrates, which is suitable in particular for producing metallic structures and/or electroplated plastics. The invention further relates to products obtainable in this way and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anodized aluminum oxide template that is used to grow periodic nanostructure and method of fabrication of the said template. The invention further relates to the fabrication of the respective periodic nanostructures from diverse materials using hydrothermal and/or CVD method for growing the said nanostructure. The AAO template enabled nanostructure comprises of a substrate disposed on the top of the AAO template; seed/s disposed in the nano-channels/nanopores of the AAO; nanostructures that are grown from respective nano-channels to form substantially uniform distribution/near periodic structure.

Abstract: A method for silver-alloy plating an electrical contact and a silver-alloy plated electrical contact are provided. The method includes cleaning the electrical contact by removing contaminates and exposing the electrical contact to at least one of an acid or base. The method includes preparing a sliver-alloy plating bath including water, a silver complex, and a metal complex, the metal complex being at least one of nickel or cobalt. The method includes silver-alloy plating the electrical contact in the silver-alloy plating bath, wherein the plating bath has a pH of greater than 7. The metal complex forms about 0.3% to about 50% by weight of a content of a silver-alloy plated deposit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolytic copper foil that has a high normal tensile strength, a low decrease in tensile strength after a thermal history, and a low concentration of impurities in the copper foil and a method for producing the copper foil. Specifically, the electrolytic copper foil in which a sulfur concentration of the copper foil is not less than 10 ppm by mass but no more than 50 ppm by mass, wherein when lattices with a spacing of 10 nm in a STEM image observed with a scanning transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 1 million times are formed and intersections of each lattice are used as a measurement point for determining a sulfur concentration, there is a measurement point at which the sulfur concentration is higher as compared to the sulfur concentration of the copper foil.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing corrosion and erosion-resistant mixed oxide coatings on a metal substrate, as well as a mixed oxide coating itself. A surface of the substrate metal is oxidised and converted into a first coating compound comprising a primary oxide of that metal by a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. One or more secondary oxide compounds comprising oxides of secondary elements not present in conventional alloys of the substrate metals at significant (>2 wt %) levels are added to the first oxide coating. The source of the secondary element(s) is at least one of: i) a soluble salt of the secondary element(s) in the electrolyte; ii) an enrichment of the surface of the substrate metal with secondary element(s) prior to PEO processing; and iii) a suspension of the secondary element(s) or oxide(s) of the secondary element(s) applied to the oxide of the metal after this has been formed by the PEO process.

Abstract: A multi-stage transfer mold manufacturing method that can save labor in a step of connecting by a multi-stage connection, a multi-stage transfer mold manufactured thereby, and a component produced thereby are provided for production of a multi-stage component by electroplating. A method therefor includes the steps of forming a resist pattern having a shape of a component with a desired aspect ratio on a metal substrate, a sidewall of the resist pattern forming a desired angle, forming, on the resist pattern, a resist pattern having a shape and a thickness of a connection pillar for connecting with an upper layer, creating a transfer mold by filling up the resist pattern on which the resist pattern having the shape of the connection pillar by electroplating to a predetermined thickness, and providing a master mold by separating the transfer mold from the metal substrate.

Abstract: Ingestible event marker systems that include an ingestible event marker (i.e., an IEM) and a personal signal receiver are provided. Embodiments of the IEM include an identifier, which may or may not be present in a physiologically acceptable carrier. The identifier is characterized by being activated upon contact with a target internal physiological site of a body, such as digestive tract internal target site. The personal signal receiver is configured to be associated with a physiological location, e.g., inside of or on the body, and to receive a signal the IEM. During use, the IEM broadcasts a signal which is received by the personal signal receiver.

Abstract: Graphene has been used in nanocomposites as constituents/doping in plastics or epoxy providing dramatic enhancement of the mechanical properties but have not progressed past the laboratory level novelty. This invention can provide a graphene based composite structure with a density less that 1.9 g/cm3 for a fiber, yarn, rope or cable and a density less that 1.5 g/cm3 for a sheet both structure have tensile and shear strength greater than either Aluminum or Steel; thus providing a graphene material that is both much lighter and stronger.

Abstract: Task: To provide an electrodeposited copper alloy foil with large mechanical strength under normal conditions, and that does not easily degrade due to heat when heated to about 300° C. Resolution Means: An electrodeposited copper alloy foil that includes a metal that exists as an oxide in a solution at pH4 or less or an oxide of the metal, and a method of manufacturing same.

Abstract: A transfer mold, which has superior durability and high aspect ratio, for production of a component by electroplating and a component produced thereby are provided. A method therefor includes the steps of forming a resist pattern having a shape of a component with a desired aspect ratio on a metal substrate, a sidewall of the resist pattern forming a desired angle, creating a transfer mold by filing up the resist pattern having the shape of the component by electroplating to a predetermined thickness and providing a master mold by separating the transfer mold from the metal substrate.

Abstract: An insulated metal substrate (IMS) for supporting a device comprises a metallic substrate having a ceramic coating formed at least in part by oxidation of a portion of the surface of the metallic substrate. The ceramic coating has a dielectric strength of greater than 50 KV mm?1 and a thermal conductivity of greater than 5 Wm?1K?1.

Abstract: A preparation method for molecular recognition sensor by electrodeposition is provided. The preparation method is as following: forming molecularly imprinted polymeric micelles by self-assembly of ionic type photosensitive copolymers; forming a film on the surface of an electrode by electrodepositing the molecularly imprinted polymeric micelles at a constant potential; crosslinking the electrodeposited micellar film via ultraviolet light irradiation; extracting the template molecules from the crosslinked film to obtain electrode modified by the molecularly imprinted polymeric micellar film; and connecting the modified electrode with a sensor device and a computer to construct a molecular recognition sensing system capable of specifically detecting the template molecules.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and a process that allow for the selective electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide with high energy efficiency, using a cathode comprised of bismuth in combination with an anode such as an anode comprised of platinum. The electrolysis system may be comprised of a single or two compartment cell and may employ an organic electrolyte or an ionic liquid electrolyte. The invention permits the storage of solar, wind or conventional electric energy by converting carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide and liquid fuels.

Abstract: A silicon polymer treatment with included pigments for anodized aluminum objects such as wheels. Titanium dioxide may be dispersed in polysiloxane or polysilazane to form a white polymer treatment on the object. Other beneficial components, such as corrosion inhibitors may be included in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: A method for producing a porous aluminum foil of the present invention is characterized in that a porous aluminum film is formed on a surface of a substrate by electrolysis using a plating solution containing at least (1) a dialkyl sulfone, (2) an aluminum halide, and (3) a nitrogen-containing compound, and having a water content of 100 to 2000 ppm, and then the film is separated from the substrate. The nitrogen-containing compound is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of an ammonium halide, a hydrogen halide salt of a primary amine, a hydrogen halide salt of a secondary amine, a hydrogen halide salt of a tertiary amine, and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the general formula: R1R2R3R4N.X (R1 to R4 independently represent an alkyl group and are the same as or different from one another, and X represents a counteranion for the quaternary ammonium cation).

Abstract: Coating bath compositions and processes useful in depositing organic polymeric coatings on metal substrates at low voltages are provided, the baths comprising one or more dispersed organic film forming polymers; and an etchant; wherein the principle film forming polymer is stabilized in the bath by the presence of anionic surfactant, but can be readily anodically deposited under low voltage. The invention also relates to processes of depositing a coating and metal substrates coated using the baths and processes of the invention.

Abstract: Corrosion resistant, grain-refined and/or amorphous Ni- and Cu-free Co-bearing coatings on polymer substrates for use in human contact applications, including industrial products, automotive products, medical surgical devices, and medical products, are disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a lead frame including a plurality of plating layers formed on both an upper surface and a lower surface of a base material including a metal, wherein an upper outermost plating layer of an upper part of the lead frame is a silver plating layer including silver, and a lower outermost plating layer of a lower part of the lead frame is a gold plating layer including gold.

Abstract: Approaches for formation of a circuit via which electrically connects a first thin film metallization layer a second thin film metallization layer are described. Via formation involves the use of an anodization barrier and/or supplemental pad disposed in a via connection region prior to anodization of the first metallization layer. The material used to form the barrier is substantially impermeable to the anodization solution during anodization, and disrupts the formation of oxide between the electrically conducting layer and the barrier. The supplemental pad is non-anodizable, and is covered by the barrier to substantially prevent current flow through the pad during anodization. Following anodization, the barrier is removed. If the supplemental pad is sufficiently conductive, it can be left on the first metallization layer after removal of the barrier.

Abstract: A metal surface treated to have two anodized layers or regions may be used in electronic devices. The surface treatment may include performing a first anodization process to create a first anodized layer, removing the first anodized layer at select locations, and performing a second anodization process to create a second anodized layer at the select locations. The first and second anodized regions may have different decorative properties, such as color, and different structural properties, such as degree of abrasion resistance. One of the anodization processes may be hard anodization and the other may be standard anodization.

Abstract: Methods for treating aluminum for providing a tactile sensation of surface softness are provided. In this regard, a representative method includes: providing an aluminum component having a surface; exposing the surface to a first media blasting; exposing the surface to a second media blasting; and, after the second media blasting, chemical etching and anodizing the surface.

Abstract: A method of producing metallic powder comprises steps of arranging a volume of feedstock comprising a plurality of non-metallic particles within an electrolysis cell, causing a molten salt to flow through the volume of feedstock, and applying a potential between a cathode and an anode such that the feedstock is reduced to metal. In preferred embodiments the feedstock is a plurality of discrete powder particles and these particles are reduced to a corresponding plurality of discrete metallic particles. In advantageous embodiments, the feedstock may be sand.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plastic part (1) with selective metallization comprising at least one first non-metallized portion (7) made from a first plastic material that cannot be metallized by electroplating and at least one second metallized portion (9) made from a second metallizable plastic material, the first plastic material being a mixture of polycarbonate and of a semiaromatic polyester and the second plastic material being a polyamide.

Abstract: A laminating structure includes a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, a first spacer disposed between the first and second magnetic layers and a second spacer disposed on the second magnetic layer.

Abstract: A method for forming substantially white anodized aluminum oxide on an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate is provided. A porous aluminum oxide layer is formed on the aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate by anodization in an acid electrolyte. Following formation of the anodized porous layer of aluminum oxide, the aluminum/aluminum alloy substrate is sequentially immersed in at least two reaction material solutions. The two or more reaction materials react to deposit a substantially white pigment material in the pores of the anodized aluminum oxide.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tin antimony plating are provided. One plating method includes doping a tin (Sn) plating solution with antimony (Sb). One method also includes electroplating a component using the antimony-doped tin plating. The antimony-doped tin plating formed by one method includes between about 1% and about 3% antimony.

Abstract: A method of preparing titania nanotubes involves anodization of titanium in the presence of chloride ions and at low pH (1-7) in the absence of fluoride. The method leads to rapid production of titania nanotubes of about 25 nm diameter and high aspect ratio. The nanotubes can be organized into bundles and tightly packed parallel arrays. Inclusion of organic acids in the electrolyte solution leads to the incorporation into the nanotubes of up to 50 atom percent of carbon. In a two-stage method, a titanium anode is pre-patterned using a fluoride ion containing electrolyte and subsequently anodized in a chloride ion containing electrolyte to provide more evenly distributed nanotube arrays. The titania nanotubes have uses in composite materials, solar cells, hydrogen production, and as hydrogen sensors.

Abstract: A system and method for preparation of nano-porous membrane using anodized aluminium oxide and the membrane/film/thin lamina produced thereof. The system comprises a template forming device that comprises of two rolls provided with one or plurality of projections wherein the Al sheet is passed through the said rolls that are rotatable in opposite direction with respect to each other wherein in operation as the Al sheet is passed through the said rolls, the said projections of the rolls punch depressions to the predetermined depth in the said sheet wherein the depth of the depression is governed by the height of the projections. A method for preparation of anodized aluminum oxide nano-porous membrane comprising electro polishing of Al substrate; first step anodization; chemical etching of alumina; second stage anodization; etching Al for separation of alumina and barrier layer removal or voltage pulse detachment for barrier layer removal and detachment of membrane from Al substrate.

Abstract: A composition for making a contact contains predetermined amounts of cobalt and sulfur and has a predetermined average particle size. The composition for making the contact includes a nickel-cobalt alloy containing 20% by weight to 55% by weight of cobalt, and 0.002 part by weight to 0.02 part by weight of sulfur with respect to 100 parts by weight of the nickel-cobalt alloy, the composition having an average particle size of 0.10 ?m to 0.35 ?m. The contact made with the composition may be included in a connector.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrodeposited copper foil having a tensile strength of at least 300 MPa and elongation rate of at least 3.0% after heat treatment at 350° C. for 1 hour and provides a copper foil which prevents the breakage of a current collector (copper foil) while maintaining adhesiveness between the current collector (copper foil) and the active material in response to substantial expansion and contraction of a Si or Sn alloy-based active material. The foil is an electrodeposited copper foil having a roughened surface, the tensile strength of the copper foil being at least 300 MPa after heating at 350° C. for 1 hour, the elongation rate being at least 3.0% after heating at 350° C. for 1 hour, and respective surface area ratios (actual surface area/geometric surface area) of both sides of the copper foil (the side that is roughened and the side that is not roughened) being from 1.6 to 2.2.

Abstract: A housing includes a substrate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, an anodic oxide film disposed on the substrate, and an abrasion resisting layer disposed on the anodic oxide film. The abrasion resisting layer is an alkylate silicon dioxide layer containing nano aluminum oxide powder. An electronic device using the housing is also described.

Abstract: An article having a metal surface is treated to have one or more desired optical effects. The surface is anodized to create an anodic film having pores therein. In some embodiments, an electrodeposition process is performed to deposit one or more metals within the pores of the anodic film. In some embodiments, a pre-dip procedure is performed prior to electrodeposition to create a more uniformly colored anodic film. In some embodiments, one or more dyes are deposited within the pores of the anodic film. In some embodiments, the substrate is exposed to a chemical etching process prior to anodizing to create a micro-textured surface that enhances the richness of the color of the anodic film.

Abstract: A method of producing an offset lithographic printing plate including the steps of providing a grained, anodized and passivated aluminum plate of preferred surface roughness; applying a receptive coating to the grained aluminum plate; image-wise applying an inkjet fluid on top of the receptive coating; and heating the oleophilic inkjet fluid allowing an oleophilic resin of the inkjet fluid to bond with the grained aluminum.