Abstract: The present invention provides for a low pressure, low temperature process for the production of middle distillate products, including aviation fuel and diesel, from the hydrocracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, wherein a significant fraction of said mixture is C25+ hydrocarbons including hydrocarbons selected from Fischer-Tropsch wax, long chain paraffin and/or olefin, wherein the feedstock may include a water component.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon composition plays vital role in fuel quality. For gasoline/motor spirit applications the hydrocarbon should have more octane-possessing molecules from the groups of aromatics, naphthenics and isoparaffins, while n-paraffins are not preferred due to their poor octane. Among the high-octane groups, again aromatics occupy the top but not more than 35 vol % aromatics can be mixed in gasoline for engine applications to avoid harmful emission, But there is no single process that addresses so far the issue of co-producing all the desired hydrocarbon components in a single process. Thus, it is interesting to have a single once-through process working on single catalyst system to produce mixture of all three high-octane molecules namely, aromatics, naphthenics and isoparaffins directly from low-value, low-octane n-paraffin feed. Herein, we report a novel single-step catalytic process for the simultaneous production of aromatics, naphthenics and isoparaffins for gasoline and petrochemical applications.

Abstract: A process of reforming a diesel feedstock to convert diesel to a gasoline blending component may include desulfurizing and denitrogenizing the diesel feedstock to reduce the sulfur and nitrogen content; and then hydrocracking the diesel feedstock over a metal containing zeolitic catalyst to produce an isomerate fraction. The diesel feedstock may have boiling points ranging from 200 to 360° C.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of preparing carbon-dioxide-selective separation membranes by controlling calcination conditions including rapid thermal processing and separation membranes produced thereby. More particularly, disclosed are a method of preparing carbon-dioxide-selective separation membranes that can improve CO2 permselectivity, particularly, exhibit excellent CO2 permselectivity in the presence of water in the feed gas, by controlling the size of defects in the separation membranes using rapid thermal processing, separation membranes produced thereby, and a method of capturing and removing carbon dioxide using the separation membranes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for treating a water stream in a zero liquid discharge (ZLD) system and a ZLD system. The method includes contacting the water stream with a metal agent that reduces a nitrate contained therein to a nitrite, and introducing an amide into the water stream that reduces the nitrite to nitrogen to provide a treated water stream having a reduced nitrate concentration. The ZLD system includes a mix tank, an amide tank including an amide, and a crystallizer. The mix tank includes an inlet for receiving a water stream within the mix tank, and a container including a metal agent. The container is designed to allow the water stream to contact the metal agent. The amide tank is designed to direct the amide into the water stream, and the crystallizer is designed to receive the water stream from the mix tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a selective hydrogenolysis method for treating a feed rich in aromatic compounds having more than 8 carbon atoms, comprising transforming at least one alkyl group with at least two carbon atoms (ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, etc.) attached to a benzene ring into at least one methyl group. The invention also relates to the integration of the hydrogenolysis unit into an aromatic complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen, at least one supported solid catalyst and at least one dispersed solid catalyst obtained from at least one salt of a heteropolyanion combining molybdenum and at least one metal selected from cobalt and nickel in a Strandberg, Keggin, lacunary Keggin or substituted lacunary Keggin structure.

Abstract: A process including (a) directing a hydrocarbon mixture to contact a material catalytically active in hydrocracking under hydrocracking conditions, (b) providing a first hydrocracked product, (c) directing an amount of the first hydrocracked product and an amount of a converted hydrocracked product to a product separation step separating it into one or more products and a recycle oil having a higher boiling point than the products, (d) directing the recycle oil to contact a second material catalytically active in hydrocracking under hydrocracking conditions providing a second hydrocracked product, (e) directing at least an amount of the second hydrocracked product as feed to a second separation step, separating the second hydrocracked product in at least two fractions, a converted hydrocracked product and an unconverted oil an unconverted oil having a higher average boiling point than the recycle oil, (f) withdrawing at least an amount of the unconverted oil as purge.

Abstract: A process for upgrading light cycle oil (LCO) to a high octane gasoline and a high aromatic feedstock for aromatic complex, by utilizing fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is disclosed. FCC cracks unconverted diesel range stream from a hydrocracker to a high octane gasoline. This process further improves the quality (e.g., research octane number (RON), and Sulfur) of gasoline by utilizing FCC and hydrocracking process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst product comprising of (a) porous acidic clay material and (b) binder and matrix to shape the catalyst to either microspheres, pellet, tablet, extrudate and ring and suitable for enhancing the crack-ability of heavy feed material derived from atmospheric and vacuum distillation bottoms; FCC bottoms, coker bottoms and hydrocracker bottoms. The invention particularly relates to a catalyst cum heat supply product suitable for thermal coking process either in a batch mode or continuous coking process.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst comprising at least one zeolite with structure type MTW, a matrix, at least one metal from group VIII of the periodic classification of the elements, said catalyst having a mesopore volume increased by at least 10% compared with its initial mesopore volume, which is generally in the range 0.55 to 0.75 mL/g, at the end of a treatment with steam at a partial pressure in the range 0.01 to 0.07 MPa and at a temperature in the range 300° C. to 400° C. for at least 0.5 hour. The invention concerns the process for the preparation of said catalyst as well as an isomerization process employing said catalyst.

Abstract: A method and an installation for producing a concentrate of aromatic hydrocarbons from light aliphatic hydrocarbons and from mixtures thereof with oxygenates. Initial raw material is fed into two in-series-connected reaction units, with zeolite catalysts a mixture obtained following the reaction units is separated into a liquid fraction and a gas fraction, and the gas fraction is fed to the inlet of the first and second reaction unit. The method is characterized in that the gas fraction obtained following the reaction units is separated into a hydrogen-containing gas and into a broad fraction of light hydrocarbons, containing olefins, and in that the hydrogen-containing gas is fed into an oxygenate synthesis unit, in that the resultant oxygenates are fed to the inlet of the first and second reaction unit, and in that the broad fraction of light hydrocarbons, containing olefins, is fed to the inlet of the first reaction unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing LPG from a hydrocarbon feed comprising polyaromatics, the process comprising contacting said feed in the presence of hydrogen with a M/A/zeolite catalyst under hydrocracking process conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for producing lubricant basestocks having a reduced or minimized aromatics content. A first processing stage can perform an initial amount of hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking. A first separation stage can then be used to remove fuels boiling range (and lower boiling range) compounds. The remaining lubricant boiling range fraction can then be exposed under hydrocracking conditions to a USY catalyst including a supported noble metal, such as Pt and/or Pd. The USY catalyst can have a desirable combination of catalyst properties, such as a unit cell size of 24.30 or less (or 24.24 or less), a silica to alumina ratio of at least 50 (or at least 80), and an alpha value of 20 or less (or 10 or less). In some aspects, the effluent from the second (hydrocracking) stage can be dewaxed without further separation. In such aspects, a portion of the dewaxed effluent can be used as a recycle quench stream to cool the hydrocracking effluent prior to entering the dewaxing reactor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the treatment of a hydrocarbon feed in order to obtain a heavy hydrocarbon fraction with a low sulphur content, said process comprising the following steps: a) an optional step for hydrodemetallization carried out in permutable reactors, b) a step for fixed bed hydrotreatment of the effluent obtained from step a), c) a step for hydrocracking of the effluent obtained in step b) in by-passable reactors, d) a step for separation of the effluent obtained from step c).

Abstract: Methods for deriving a low-C hydrocarbon fuel from a high-C hydrocarbon fuel are generally provided. A catalytic material (e.g., an aluminosilicate and/or a zeolite) can be introduced to the high-C hydrocarbon fuel to produce a product stream comprising a low-C hydrocarbon fuel, and the low-C hydrocarbon fuel can be separated in the product stream from any remaining high-C hydrocarbon fuel.

Abstract: Methods are provided for converting lignin-containing biomass into compounds that are more readily processed to form fuel and/or chemical products. The methods can allow for removal of at least a portion of the oxygen in lignin, either during or after depolymerization of lignin to single ring aromatic compounds, while optionally reducing or minimizing aromatic saturation performed on the aromatic compounds. The methods can include use of quench solvent to control reactions within the product stream from a pyrolysis process and/or use of a solvent to assist with hydroprocessing of lignin, lignin-containing biomass, or a pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hydrogen spillover-based catalyst and use thereof, wherein a hydrogen activation metal cluster is dispersed in the form of being encapsulated in a crystalline or amorphous aluminosilicate matrix which is partially or fully structurally collapsed zeolite, thereby exhibiting high hydroprocessing or dehydrogenation activity and suppressed C—C hydrogenolysis activity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a catalyst composition for conversion of biomass to crude bio oil. The composition comprises at least one metal compound, at least one support and at least one stabilizing/solubilizing agent. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of catalyst composition, and hydrothermal conversion of biomass to crude bio oil.

Abstract: The disclosure provides catalyst materials in the form of annular solids with high mechanical integrity useful for water gas shift reactions and methods for using such catalyst materials, for example, for converting carbon monoxide and steam to carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for converting triacylglycerides-containing oils into crude oil precursors and/or distillate hydrocarbon fuels is disclosed. The process may include: reacting a triacylglycerides-containing oil-water-hydrogen mixture at a temperature in the range from about 250° C. to about 525° C. and a pressure greater than about 75 bar to convert at least a portion of the triacylglycerides and recovering a reaction effluent comprising water and one or more of isoolefins, isoparaffins, cycloolefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics; hydrotreating the reaction effluent to form a hydrotreated effluent.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for producing an improved product slate during hydrocracking of a feedstock for production of naphtha and distillate fuels. The methods can include use of stacked beds and/or sequential reactors so that a feedstock is exposed to a suitable catalyst under aromatic saturation conditions prior to exposing the feedstock to the hydrocracking catalyst. The catalyst for performing the aromatic saturation process can be a catalyst including a Group VIII noble metal, such as Pt, Pd, or a combination thereof, while the hydrocracking catalyst can include Group VIB and Group VIII non-noble metals.

Abstract: The catalyst for mild-hydrocracking of residual oil includes a porous alumina support a plurality of transition metals impregnated on the alumina support. The support has a specific surface area greater than 150 m2/g, a total pore volume ranging from about 0.25 ml/g to about 1.5 ml/g, about 20% of the pores having a diameter greater than 150 nm, about 70% of the pores having a diameter ranging from about 2 nm to about 150 nm, and about 10% of the pores having a diameter less than 2 nm. The plurality of transition metals include one Group VIII element and one or more Group VI elements.

Abstract: Aromatic extraction and hydrocracking processes are integrated to optimize the hydrocracking units design and/or performance. By processing aromatics-rich and aromatic-lean fractions separately, the hydrocracking operating severity and or catalyst reactor volume requirement decreases.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to new crystalline microporous solids (including silicate- and aluminosilicate-based solids), the compositions comprising 8 and 10 membered inorganic rings, particularly those having HEU topologies having a range of Si:Al ratios, methods of preparing these and known crystalline microporous solids using certain quaternized imidazolium cation structuring agents.

Abstract: A process for the isomerization of a para-xylene depleted, meta-xylene rich stream under at least partially liquid phase conditions using ZSM-23 with an external surface area of at least 75 m2/g (indicating a small crystallite size), and a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio between 15 and 75 that produces a higher than equilibrium amount of para-xylene, i.e., more than about 24 wt % of para-xylene, based on the total amount of xylenes.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrocarbon catalytic cracking of the invention contains: a catalyst (a) containing faujasite-type zeolite (A) having a unit cell size in a range of 2.435 nm to 2.455 nm, a matrix component, and rare earths; and a catalyst (b) containing faujasite-type zeolite (B) having a unit cell size in a range of 2.445 nm to 2.462 nm, a matrix component, phosphorus, and magnesium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of catalysts used in the hydrodesulfurization of fossil fuels and proposes a method for preparing thermally stable, low-cost catalysts for the hydrodesulfurization of petrol and diesel, based on highly active CoMo and NiMo. The catalyst for the hydroprocessing of gasoil or petrol in the present invention comprises a precursor which consists of chemical compounds obtained from organic acids and metal salts, and a support containing an ultra-stable Y-type zeolite useful in the hydroprocessing of heavy gas oil and/or light cyclic gas oil with high conversion rates.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a process flow scheme for the processing of gas oils and especially reactive gas oils produced by thermal cracking of residua using a split flow concept. The split flow concepts disclosed allow optimization of the hydrocracking reactor seventies and thereby take advantage of the different reactivities of thermally cracked gas oils versus those of virgin gas oils. This results in a lower cost facility for producing base oils as well as diesel, kerosene and gasoline fuels while achieving high conversions and high catalyst lives.

Abstract: A method for treatment of raw brines from desalination plants (6) having a total salt content greater than 60 g/l, wherein, inter alia, a magnesium ion-containing solution having a magnesium ion content greater than 1 g/l at a temperature between 75° C. and 100° C. is passed through a first vertical column (42) containing a bed packing of zeolite A (84) with a flow direction from top to bottom and the raw brine that is to be treated is passed at a temperature of 30° C. to 45° C. through this packed first column (42) in the direction of flow from top to bottom until the calcium ion concentration of the eluate leaving the first column (42) indicates a breakthrough of calcium ions through the bed of zeolite A (44).

Abstract: Methods are provided for synthesis ZSM-48 crystals (or other MRE framework crystals) having heteroatoms different from silicon and aluminum incorporated into the framework structure, and use of such crystals for applications such as catalytic processing of hydrocarbonaceous feeds. Examples of heteroatoms can include titanium, zirconium, and zinc.

Abstract: A method for producing an MTW-type zeolite, comprising (1) mixing an alumina source, an alkali source, a lithium source, and water so as to obtain a reaction mixture (2) Adding a seed crystal of an MTW-type zeolite before or while a silica source is added to the reaction mixture in a proportion of 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the silica component in the reaction mixture. Mixing and stirring the reaction mixture. Wherein the MTW-type zeolite of the seed crystal has a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 10 to 500 and does not contain an organic compound. The reaction mixture has a composition represented by the following molar ratios: SiO2/Al2O3=12 to 200, Na2O/SiO2=0.1 to 0.3, Li2O/(Na2O+Li2O)=0.05 to 0.5 and H2O/SiO2=10 to 50. (3) Air tightly heating the reaction mixture, to which the seed crystal of the MTW type zeolite has been added, at 100 to 200° C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hydrocracking catalyst for preparing valuable light aromatic hydrocarbons from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from oil, which includes (i) beta-zeolite, (ii) pseudo-boehmite, and (iii) one or more metals selected from among metals of Groups VIII and VIB, and which further includes a cocatalyst component, thereby producing a maximum amount of BTX (Benzene, Toluene, Xylene) from LCO (Light Cycle Oil).

Abstract: The regenerated hydrocracking catalyst according to the present invention is a regenerated hydrocracking catalyst prepared by regenerating a used hydrocracking catalyst including: a catalyst support containing zeolite and an amorphous composite metal oxide having solid acidity; and at least one active metal supported by the catalyst support, selected from noble metals of Group 8 to Group 10 in the periodic table, wherein the regenerated hydrocracking catalyst contains 0.05 to 1% by mass of a carbonaceous substance in terms of carbon atoms based on the entire mass of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Y-type zeolite having a modified faujasite structure, the intracrystalline structure of which includes at least one network of micropores, at least one network of small mesopores having an average diameter ranging from 2 to 5 nm, and at least one network of large mesopores having an average diameter range from 10 to 50 nm. The invention also relates to particles including such zeolites and to the use thereof in a method for processing crude oil, particularly as a hydrocracking catalyst.

Abstract: A system and method for producing fuels and lubricant basestocks from gas oil boiling range feeds is provided. Desulfurization and conversion stages are used to form fuel and lubricant products. The product from a desulfurization stage can be fractionated, and a portion of the fractionated bottoms can be used as an input feed for a conversion or hydrocracking stage. The configuration can advantageously allow for reduced amounts of catalyst in the conversion stage.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a feed originating from renewable sources such as vegetable oils to produce paraffinic hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen in excess over the theoretical hydrogen consumption and under hydrotreatment conditions in a fixed bed reactor having a plurality of catalytic zones disposed in series and comprising a hydrotreatment catalyst. The total feed flow is divided into a certain number of different part flows equal to the number of catalytic zones in the reactor; the various part flows are injected into the successive catalytic zones in increasing proportions to produce an effluent comprising paraffinic hydrocarbons. The effluent undergoes a separation step in order to separate a gas fraction and a liquid fraction containing the paraffinic hydrocarbons. At least a portion of said this liquid fraction is recycled to the first catalytic zone so that the weight ratio between said recycle and the part flow introduced into the first catalytic zone is 10 or more.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A method for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided. The method comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions, wherein the catalyst is formed by sulfiding an unsupported catalyst precursor of the general formula Av[(MP) (OH)x (L)ny]z (MVIBO4), wherein MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof; L is one or more oxygen-containing ligands, and L has a neutral or negative charge n<=0, MVIB is at least a Group VIB metal having an oxidation state of +6; MP:MVIB has an atomic ratio between 100:1 and 1:100; v?2+P*z?x*z+n*y*z=0; and 0?y??P/n; 0?x?P; 0?v?2; 0?z. In one embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises a cellulose-containing material. In another embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises at least a diluent (binder). In one embodiment, the diluent is a magnesium aluminosilicate clay.

Abstract: A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes have been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to TNU-9 and IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A method for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided. The method comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions, wherein the catalyst is formed by sulfiding an unsupported catalyst precursor of the general formula Av[(MP)(OH)x (L)ny]z(MVIBO4), wherein MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof; L is one or more oxygen-containing ligands, and L has a neutral or negative charge n<=0, MVIB is at least a Group VIB metal having an oxidation state of +6; MP: MVIB has an atomic ratio between 100:1 and 1:100; v?2+P*z?x*z+n*y*z=0; and 0?y??P/n; 0?x?P; 0?v?2; 0?z. In one embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises a cellulose-containing material. In another embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises at least a diluent (binder). In one embodiment, the diluent is a magnesium aluminosilicate clay.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocracking catalysts utilizing stabilized aggregates of small primary crystallites of zeolite Y that are clustered into larger secondary particles. At least 80% of the secondary particles may comprise at least 5 primary crystallites. The size of the primary crystallites may be at most about 0.5 micron, or at most about 0.3 micron, and the size of the secondary particles may be at least about 0.8 micron, or at least about 1.0 ?m. The silica to alumina ratio of the resulting stabilized aggregated Y zeolite may be 4:1 or more. This invention also relates to the use of such catalysts in hydrocracking processes for the conversion of heavy oils into lighter fuel products. The invention is particularly suited for the selective production of diesel range products from gas oil range feedstock materials under hydrocracking conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock by hydroprocessing using multi-metallic catalysts is disclosed. In one aspect, the invention relates to hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbon feedstock using a catalyst derived from a catalyst precursor of the formula Av[(MP)(OH)x(L)ny]z(MVIBO4), wherein A comprises an alkali metal cation, an ammonium, an organic ammonium or a phosphonium cation, MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, L is an organic, oxygen-containing ligand, MVIB is at least one of Group VIB metals, and the atomic ratio of MVIII:MVIB is between 100:1 and 1:100.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor composition and methods for making such a catalyst precursor are disclosed. The catalyst precursor comprises at least a promoter metal selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, having an oxidation state of +2 or +4, at least one Group VIB metal, at least one organic, oxygen-containing ligand, and a cellulose-containing material. In one embodiment, the catalyst precursor is of the formula Av[(MP) (OH)x (L)ny]z (MVIBO4), wherein A is one or more monovalent cationic species, MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, L is one or more oxygen-containing ligands, MVIB is at least a Group VIB metal, MP:MVIB has an atomic ratio between 100:1 and 1:100. In one embodiment, catalysts prepared from the sulfidation of such catalyst precursors are used in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feeds. In a hydroconversion process at a hydrogen partial pressure of ˜450 psig, the catalyst a 700° F.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve having a platelet aggregates morphology wherein greater than 50 wt % of the molecular sieve having a crystal diameter greater than 1 ?m as measured by the SEM. The crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve of this disclosure, wherein the platelet aggregates morphology is rosette habit morphology, or multiple layer plate's morphology.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a liquid fuel enabling production of middle distillate at a high yield from a feed oil containing paraffinic hydrocarbons having 20 to 100 carbon atoms as main components without losing the high cracking activity and also enabling provision of high quality gas oil included in the middle distillate. A feed oil containing paraffinic hydrocarbons having 20 to 100 carbon atoms as main components is subjected to hydrotreating in the present of a prespecified hydrotreating catalyst and under the conditions for hydrotreating including a temperature of 200 to 350° C., a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 5.0 h?1, and a partial pressure of hydrogen of 0.5 to 8 MPa to obtain an effluent oil, and then the effluent oil is fractionated to obtain middle distillate including a gas oil with a cetane number of 75 or over and a pour point of ?27.5° C. or below at a yield of 55% or over against a total weight of the feed oil.

Abstract: A method for preparation of ethylene and propylene by catalytic cracking using a fluid-bed catalyst. The main technical problems to be solved are a relatively high reaction temperature, and low activities and poor selectivities of the catalyst at a low temperature, during the reaction for preparing ethylene and propylene by catalytically cracking naphtha. The fluid-bed catalyst is a composition of the chemical formula Mo1.0VaAbBcCdOx based on stoichiometric ratio. The method using the fluid-bed catalyst has satisfactorily solved the above-mentioned problems, and is useful in the industrial production of ethylene and propylene by catalytically cracking naphtha.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx composition containing particles of a zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 3 to about 7.2 Angstroms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains NOx reduction zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the NOx reduction zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. Compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products.