Abstract: A new catalyst hydroisomerizes C18 paraffins from fatty acids to a high degree to produce a composition with acceptable freeze point which retains 18 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule for jet fuel. We have discovered a fuel composition comprising at least 14 wt % hydrocarbon molecules having at least 18 carbon atoms and a freeze point not higher than ?40° C. The composition also may exhibit a exhibiting a final boiling point of no more than 300° C. The hydroisomerization process can be once through or a portion of the product diesel stream may be selectively hydrocracked or recycled to hydroisomerization to obtain a fuel composition that meets jet fuel specifications.

Abstract: A method is provided for reprocessing a petroleum-based waste oil feedstock into diesel fuel. The method includes forming a treated feedstock by (a) filtering the feedstock, thereby removing solids and metals from the feedstock, and (b) dehydrating the feedstock; vaporizing the treated feedstock to produce an oil vapor; passing the oil vapor through at least one catalyst bed and subsequently through a cooler, thereby converting the oil vapor to a hydrocarbon liquid product with a diesel product boiling point range; and removing contaminants from the hydrocarbon liquid product, wherein the contaminants are selected from the group consisting of particulates and color precursors.

Abstract: A method for preparing a zeolite molecular sieve includes the steps of: (1) mixing at least one of a silicon source, an aluminum source and a phosphorus source with an alkaline substance, a template agent and water uniformly to obtain a zeolite molecular sieve precursor solution; aging the zeolite molecular sieve precursor solution at 20-30° C. for 10-15 h; and subjecting the aged solution to ionizing radiation, and then washing the obtained solid to neutrality and drying to obtain the zeolite molecular sieve. The method of the present invention is green, simple and extremely cost-effective. Under the irradiation of an ionizing radiation source, the synthesis period of zeolite molecular sieve is short and no heating is needed in the preparation process, so energy consumption is reduced and a high-pressure system is avoided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst for producing olefin and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst for producing olefin includes: a support including an alumina and a sub-support component; and a catalytic component comprising a metal component and an alkali metal impregnated on the support. The preparation method includes: providing a support comprising a sub-support component and an alumina; preparing pre-catalyst by dipping a metal component oxide in the support and calcining it; and dipping a metal component oxide and an alkali metal oxide in the pre-catalyst and calcining it.

Abstract: A process for activating an aromatization catalyst includes contacting an aromatization catalyst with a carburizing gas in a carburization reactor at a carburization pressure in a range of greater than 300 kPa to 800 kPa, or 500 kPa to 600 kPa, to obtain a calcined aromatization catalyst. The carburizing gas provides a carbon source, preferably the carburizing gas comprises at least one of methane, ethane, propane, butane, or carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a hydrocarbon stream are described. The method includes heating a feed stream in a convective bank. The heated feed stream is reacted in a first reaction zone to form a first effluent, which is heated in a first radiant cell. The first radiant cell combusts fuel to heat the first effluent and forms a first exhaust gas. The first exhaust gas is contacted with the convective bank to heat the feed stream. The outlet temperature the heated feed stream from the convective bank is controlled by introducing an additional gas stream into the convective bank. There can be additional reaction zones and radiant heaters.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided for isomerization of paraffins comprising of at least one heteropoly acid and reduced graphene oxide. Further provided are a process for preparation of the catalyst composition and a process for isomerization of paraffins using the catalytic composition.

Abstract: A catalyst manufacturing method includes: preparing UZM-35 zeolite; manufacturing ion-containing UZM-35 zeolite by substituting ions in a structure of the UZM-35 zeolite; and manufacturing metal-containing UZM-35 zeolite by exchanging copper (Cu) ions or iron (Fe) ions in a structure of the ion-containing UZM-35 zeolite.

Abstract: Provided are a supported catalyst, a preparation method therefor and use thereof, and a method for the preparation of isobutylene from halomethane. The catalyst is characterized in that it comprises a carrier and a metallic active component supported on the carrier, wherein the metallic active component comprises zinc oxide and zinc halide. On the basis of the total amount of the catalyst, by weight content, the content of zinc oxide is 0.5%-20%, the content of zinc halide is 10%-50%, and the content of the support is 40%-88%. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst of the present invention can convert halomethane into isobutylene with a high selectivity. With the reaction for preparing of isobutylene by converting bromomethane according to the method of the present invention, the conversion of bromomethane is not less than 90% and the selectivity of isobutylene is not less than 80%.

Abstract: A procedure for shutting down a dehydrogenation reactor having a catalyst bed with a chromium-containing catalyst operating at a first elevated temperature comprises cooling the catalyst bed with a first cooling gas to a second elevated temperature lower than the first elevated temperature, removing the first cooling gas, introducing a reducing gas to the catalyst bed, cooling the catalyst bed with a second cooling gas from the second elevated temperature to a third elevated temperature, removing the reducing gas, cooling the catalyst bed to a fourth elevated temperature, and introducing air to cool the catalyst to ambient temperature, whereby the dehydrogenation reactor is shut down. The second cooling gas may be the same as, or different from, the reducing gas. Moreover, the reducing gas may be purged from the reactor by a third cooling gas.

Abstract: Processes and systems for producing olefins, including: dehydrogenating a first n-alkane to produce a first effluent; and dehydrogenating at least one of a first isoalkane or a second n-alkane to produce a second effluent. The first and second effluents may be compressed and fed to a common separation train to separate the effluents into two or more fractions. In some embodiments, each of the first and second dehydrogenation reaction zones may include two reactors, one reactor in each of the reaction zones operating in a dehydrogenation cycle, one operating in a regeneration cycle, and one operating in a purge or evacuation/reduction cycle. Operation of the reactors in the dehydrogenation cycle is staggered, such that the purge cycle, regeneration cycle, or evacuation/reduction cycle of the reactors may not overlap.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized and designated as UZM-54. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula: Mmn+R1 r1p1+R2 r2p2+Al1-xExSiyOz where M is an alkali, alkaline earth, or rare earth metal such as sodium or strontium, R1 and R2 are organoammonium cation and E is a framework element such as gallium, iron, boron, or indium. These zeolites are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns, high meso-surface areas and low Si/Al2 ratios and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A fast pyrolysis heat exchanger system and method for economically and efficiently converting biomass and other combustible materials into bio-oil. The system employs multiple closed loop tubes situated inside the heat exchanger. As heat carrier is deposited at the top of the heat exchanger and caused to move downwardly therethrough, heat is transferred from the tubes to the heat carrier which is then transferred to a reactor where it is placed in contact with the combustible materials. Vapor containing char fines is discharged from the reactor into a vacuum-operated blow back filter. The blow back filter is activated when a drop in vacuum level at the output of the reactor is detected. Thereby, excess char buildup on the blow back filter elements is removed.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst for the production of hydrogen by steam reforming. The catalyst is a porous catalyst which is based on at least aluminum oxide and preferably magnesium oxide, and further comprises boron and nickel. The porous catalyst comprises pores having an average pore size in the range of 0.1-50 nm. The activity of the catalyst may be further enhanced by addition of a noble metal such as Rh, Ru, Pd, Ir or Pt. The catalyst can be broadly used in hydrogen production processes, and is especially suitable for reforming using a membrane which is selective for a predetermined reaction product. Such process can be operated at relatively low temperatures of about 450-700° C.

Abstract: The hydrorefining method of the invention is characterized by contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a fuel stock comprising normal paraffins and oxygen-containing compounds, with a hydrorefining catalyst comprising a support containing USY zeolite and at least one solid acid selected from among silica-alumina, alumina-boria, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia and silica-titania, and at least one metal selected from among metals of Group VIb and metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table supported on the support.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for start-up of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion unit carried out in the presence of hydrogen, in at least 2 catalytic beds, process in which At least one bed contains at least one presulfurized and preactivated catalyst and at least one catalytic bed that contains a catalyst whose catalytic metals are in oxidized form, A so-called starting feedstock, which is a hydrocarbon fraction that contains at least 0.5% by weight of sulfur, lacking olefinic compounds and not containing an added sulfur-containing compound, passes through a first catalytic bed that contains said presulfurized and preactivated catalyst and then passes through at least one catalytic bed that contains a catalyst whose catalytic metals are in oxidized form, And the first presulfurized and preactivated catalyst bed reaches a temperature of at least 220° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a hydroconversion catalyst based on mesoporous silica or silica-alumina, comprising the following steps: (A) deposition of alumina on a mesoporous material having interconnected pores by treatment with at least one aluminium-based reactant, so as to obtain a compound having a Si/Al ratio of between 0.1 and 1000; (B) addition of at least one catalytically active species chosen from the group formed by the metals of group VIII and/or of group VIB; and (C) drying followed by thermal and/or chemical treatment according to the invention. The invention also relates to the catalyst thus obtained as well as a method of hydroconverting (hydrocracking, hydroisomerizing) a hydrocarbon feedstock, which comprises bringing the feedstock to be treated into contact with the hydroconversion catalyst according to the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microporous crystalline material characterized in that it has the following chemical composition in the calcined from: xX2O3:nYO2:mGeO2 in which (n+m) is at least 5, X is one or more trivalent elements, Y corresponds to one or more tetravalent elements other than Ge, “x” may have any value, including zero, and the ratio Y/Ge is greater than 0.1, and it has a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern. Its also relates to a method for preparing it and to its use in the conversion of organic-compounds supplies.

Abstract: A catalyst for converting methanol to light olefins and the process for making and using the catalyst are disclosed and claimed. SAPO-34 is a specific catalyst that benefits from its preparation in accordance with this invention. A seed material is used in making the catalyst that has a higher content of the EL metal than is found in the principal part of the catalyst. The molecular sieve has predominantly a roughly rectangular parallelepiped morphology crystal structure with a lower fault density and a better selectivity for light olefins.

Abstract: Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts produces a total product that include a crude product. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. Mmn+Rr+Al(1-x)ExSiyOz where M represents a combination of potassium and sodium exchangeable cations, R is a singly charged organoammonium cation such as the dimethyldipropylammonium cation and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to MCM-68 but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A method of reforming a sulfur containing hydrocarbon involves contacting the sulfur containing hydrocarbon with a sulfur tolerant catalyst containing a non-sulfating carrier and one or more of a sulfur tolerant precious metal and a non-precious metal compound so that the sulfur tolerant catalyst adsorbs at least a portion of sulfur in the sulfur containing hydrocarbon and a low sulfur reformate is collected, and contacting the sulfur tolerant catalyst with an oxygen containing gas to convert at least a portion of adsorbed sulfur to a sulfur oxide that is desorbed from the sulfur tolerant catalyst.

Abstract: A method of reforming a sulfur containing hydrocarbon involves contacting the sulfur containing hydrocarbon with a sulfur tolerant catalyst containing a sulfur tolerant precious metal and a non-sulfating carrier so that the sulfur tolerant catalyst adsorbs at least a portion of sulfur in the sulfur containing hydrocarbon and a low sulfur reformate is collected, and contacting the sulfur tolerant catalyst with an oxygen containing gas to convert at least a portion of adsorbed sulfur to a sulfur oxide that is desorbed from the sulfur tolerant catalyst.

Abstract: A methane-containing gas such as natural gas is converted to a clean-burning hydrocarbon liquid fuel in a process wherein the gas is fed to a reaction vessel to contact a metallic catalyst grid that is formed from windings of a transition metal supported on an iron frame immersed in a liquid petroleum fraction, in such a manner that a voltage is generated in the grid between the windings and the frame. Product gas in the vapor phase is drawn from the head space above the liquid level and condensed to form the product fuel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process and system in which a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen synthesis gas, or syngas, is converted into hydrocarbon mixtures composed of high quality gasoline components, aromatic compounds, and lower molecular weight gaseous olefins in one reactor or step. The invention utilizes a novel molybdenum-zeolite catalyst in high pressure hydrogen for conversion, as well as a novel rhenium-zeolite catalyst in place of the molybdenum-zeolite catalyst, and provides for use of the novel catalysts in the process and system of the invention.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve having a platelet aggregates morphology wherein greater than 50 wt % of the molecular sieve having a crystal diameter greater than 1 ?m as measured by the SEM. The crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve of this disclosure, wherein the platelet aggregates morphology is rosette habit morphology, or multiple layer plate's morphology.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a catalyst support, in which zirconium dioxide powder is mixed with a binder, if desired a pore former, if desired an acid, water and, if desired, further additives to give a kneadable composition and the composition is homogenized, shaped to produce shaped bodies, dried and calcined, wherein the binder is a monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric organosilicon compound. Suitable binders are monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric silanes, alkoxysilanes, aryloxysilanes, acryloxysilanes, oximinosilanes, halosilanes, aminoxysilanes, aminosilanes, amidosilanes, silazanes or silicones. The invention also provides the catalyst support which has been prepared in this way, a catalyst comprising the support and its use as dehydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts produces a total product that include a crude product. The crude feed has a total content of alkali metal, and alkaline-earth metal, in metal salts of organic acids of at least 0.00001 grams per gram of crude feed. At least one of the catalysts includes vanadium. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa and has a total content of alkali metal, and alkaline-earth metal, in metal salts of organic acids of at most 90% of the total content of alkali metal, and alkaline-earth metal, in metal salts of organic acids of the crude feed. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process to produce low sulfur distillate products through the hydrotreating of distillate boiling range feedstreams in the presence of a bulk metal hydrotreating catalyst.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process to produce liquid products through the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbonaceous feedstreams in the presence of a bulk metal hydroprocessing catalyst.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can include a method of altering a feed to a transalkylation zone by changing a destination of a stream rich in an aromatic C9 for increasing production of at least one of benzene, toluene, para-xylene, and an aromatic gasoline blend. The method can include providing the stream rich in an aromatic C9 from a first fractionation zone that receives an effluent from a second fractionation zone. The second fractionation zone may produce a stream rich in at least one of benzene and toluene. The stream rich in the aromatic C9 can be at least partially comprised in at least one of the feed to the transalkylation zone and the aromatic gasoline blend.

Abstract: Process to optimize the yield of gas oils from a Fischer-Tropsch derived feed by performing the following steps: (a) performing a hydroconversion/hydroisomerisation step on part of the Fischer-Tropsch derived feed; (b) performing a hydroconversion/hydroisomerisation step on another part of the Fischer-Tropsch feed at a conversion greater than the conversion in step (a); and (c) isolating by means of distillation a gas oil fraction from the two reaction products obtained in steps (a) and (b).

Abstract: A process for producing lube oil basestocks wherein a wax containing lube oil boiling range feedstream is converted into a basestock suitable for use in motor oil applications by contacting it with a hydrodewaxing catalyst containing a medium pore molecular sieve having deposited thereon an active metal oxide and at least one hydrogenation metal selected from the Group VIII and Group VIB metals.

Abstract: Process to optimize the yield of base oils from a Fischer-Tropsch derived feed by performing the following steps (a) performing a hydroconversion/hydroisomerization step on part of the Fischer-Tropsch derived feed; (b) performing a hydroconversion/hydroisomerization step on another part of the Fischer-Tropsch feed at a conversion greater than the conversion in step (a); and (c) isolating by means of distillation a fraction boiling in the base oil range from the two reaction products obtained in steps (a) and (b) and performing a pour point reducing step on said fraction.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalysts and methods that can reform aqueous solutions of oxygenated compounds such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, sugar alcohols, and sugars to generate products such as hydrogen and alkanes. In some embodiments, aqueous solutions containing at least 20 wt % of the oxygenated compounds can be reformed over a catalyst comprising a Group VIII transition metal and a Group VIIB transition metal, preferably supported on an activated carbon-supported catalyst. In other embodiments, catalysts are provided for the production of hydrogen or alkanes at reaction temperatures less than 300° C.

Abstract: A single stage process for desulfurization and ring opening of a sulphur containing hydrocarbon feedstock comprising: contacting said feedstock with hydrogen and a catalyst at a pressure of less than 100 bars wherein said catalyst comprises (I) a combination of molecular sieves consisting of at least one zeolite which has a faujasite structure and at least one fibrous zeolite which comprises essentially non-crossing one-dimensional channels and (II) a composition comprising at least one metal selected from group VIB of the periodic table and at least one metal from group VIII.

Abstract: Catalysts suitable for use in reforming hydrocarbons have a halogen promoter and a plurality of dispersed nanocatalyst particles supported on a solid support. The dispersed nanocatalyst particles are manufactured using a dispersing agent to control the size and/or crystal face exposure of the particles. The controlled size and dispersion of the nanocatalyst particles allows the reforming catalyst to be loaded with significantly less halogen promoter while still maintaining or increasing the catalyst's reforming performance. The catalysts of the present invention have shown improved C5+ production with the significantly reduced levels of halogen promoter.

Abstract: A method for upgrading heavy oils by contacting the heavy oil with an inhibitor additive and then thermally treating the inhibitor additized heavy oil. The invention also relates to the upgraded product from the inhibitor enhanced thermal treatment process.

Abstract: Bismuth- and phosphorus-containing naphtha reforming catalysts, methods of making such catalysts, and a naphtha reforming process using such catalysts.

Abstract: Process for controlling the combustion zone of a fluidized bed process comprising a regeneration zone and a reaction zone, the catalyst circulating between these two zones, and the regeneration zone comprising a combustion stage of the coke deposited on the catalyst in the reaction zone, control of the combustion zone being performed on the basis of a characteristic variable of the operation of said combustion zone, said characteristic variable being the object of automatic regulation by acting on the catalyst throughput, characterized in that the value of the catalyst throughput or of any control variable connected unequivocally to the catalyst is determined based on information on the operating values of the combustion zone, at least one of which corresponds to an independent evaluation of the level of coke deposited on the catalyst.

Abstract: Alumina having a pore structure characterized by the absence of macropores, no more than 5% of the total pore volume in pores greater than 350 ?, a high pore volume (greater than 0.8 cc/g measured by mercury intrusion) and a bi-modal pore volume distribution character, where the two modes are separated by 10 to 200 ?, and the primary pore mode is larger than the median pore diameter (MPD), calculated either by volume or by surface area, the MPD by volume being itself larger than the MPD by surface area. Also provided are catalysts made from and processes using such alumina.

Abstract: Metal hydride compounds, which are prepared by mixing together from about 1 to about 10 parts by molecular weight of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, tin, and zinc; from about 1 to about 3 parts by molecular weight of an alkali metal hydroxide; and from about 5 to about 10 parts by molecular weight of water and allowing this mixture to stand for a time sufficient to form a metal hydride, can be used for making fuel additives, treating sour gas, enhancing oil refining, extracting oil from tar sands and shale, increasing production of hydrogen from a hydrogen plant, treating oil and gas wells to enhance production, eliminate PCBs, cleaning soil contaminated by hydrocarbons and/or heavy metals, controlling odors, cleaning polluting stack emissions, extracting edible and essential oils, and eliminating bacteria, fungicides, and parasites from vegetation.

Abstract: Systems, processes, and reactors for the catalytic reforming of naphtha are provided. Embodiments of the invention include reactors comprising monolithic catalyst having honeycomb-type structure that allows for improved efficiency, productivity, and reaction selectivity over conventional catalytic reforming technology.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a catalytic system comprising a metal of group VIII, a metal of group VI, a metal oxide as carrier and suitable quantities of a component selected from a zeolite of the FER type, phosphorous, and a mixture thereof, in upgrading of hydrocarbons boiling in the naphtha range containing sulfur impurities, namely in hydrodesulfurization with contemporaneous skeleton isomerization of olefins contained in said hydrocarbons and/or with reduction of olefins hydrogenation, carried out in a single step.

Abstract: Chips, and methods of manufacturing thereof, comprising a base having a surface, and a plurality of components integrated in the base. Each component is coupled to at least one individual electrode disposed on the surface and to a counter-electrode. Each component operates as an electric generator, when activated by a power supply external to the chip. The counter-electrode is disposed such that each activated component creates a polarization voltage and/or a polarization current between that at least one individual electrode and the counter-electrode, when a medium is brought into contact with the surface.

Abstract: A process for increasing the yield of C10 plus hydrocarbon products from a Fischer-Tropsch plant which comprises (a) recovering a Fischer-Tropsch condensate fraction boiling below about 700 degrees F. from the Fischer-Tropsch plant, wherein said fraction contains at least 10 weight percent and preferably more olefins; (b) contacting the olefins in the Fischer-Tropsch condensate fraction under oligomerization conditions, at a reaction temperature between about 650 degrees F. and 800 degrees F. with an oligomerization catalyst comprising active chromium on an inert support; and (c) recovering a C10 plus hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: A process for conversion of hydrocarbon feed by contacting the feed with a catalyst containing heteropoly acid supported on a carrier at reaction conditions being effective in the conversion of the feed, wherein the carrier is selected from substantially inert inorganic amorphous or crystalline material, which retains characteristic structure of the heteropoly acid as evidenced by vibration frequencies around 985 and 1008 cm−1, and which has a surface area larger than 15 m2/g excluding surface area in pores below 15 Å in diameter.

Abstract: A reforming process in which a hydrocarbon feed containing aliphatic hydrocarbons is converted to a hydrocarbon product comprising an increased proportion of aromatics by passage over a reforming catalyst in a sequence of moving bed reactors operating under reforming conditions including moderate hydrogen pressure. The process is applicable when a former fixed moving bed reformer has been converted to moving bed reactor operation with the recycle and other ancillary equipment retained so that moderate pressure (hydrogen partial pressure at least 11 barg) is required, usually with a catalysts such as Pt/Re which tend to exhibit excessive hydrogenolysis activity in moving bed service. The recycle hydrogen stream is split with a portion going to at least one reactor subsequent to the first reactor.