Abstract: This application discloses a process for catalytically dewaxing a feedstock whereby the aging of the dewaxing catalyst is minimized. A variety of feedstocks which possess moderate levels of nitrogen and sulfur may be dewaxed in this invention. The feed is treated by a catalyst system comprising two catalysts acting in synergistic combination, a hydrotreating catalyst and a dewaxing catalyst. The hydrotreating catalyst is preferably loaded with noble metals and is capable of operating at higher than usual space velocities. The dewaxing catalyst is downstream of the hydrotreating catalyst. The dewaxing catalyst further comprises a constrained intermediate pore crystalline material which is loaded with a noble metal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a highly efficient process for producing distillate fuels using a multi-bed hydrogenation reactor. The temperature of the feed to the second and subsequent reactor beds is controlled by removing effluent from the prior bed, cooling the effluent in an external heat exchanger, injecting hydrogen gas into the effluent mixture, and inserting the cooled mixture containing hydrogen gas into the inlet of the next reaction zone.

Abstract: A reactor system is provided which is particularly suitable for hydroprocessing a heavy hydrocarbon under catalytic slurry hydroprocessing conditions. This reactor system includes a single reaction zone containing at least one filter element for the separation of liquid product from catalyst particles in the reaction zone. Means are provided for backwashing the filter element. Preferably, at least two filter elements are provided one of which is used for separation of product and the other for introduction of hydrogen into the reactor. Additionally, means are provided for switching the flow between the two filter elements thereby permitting continuous operation of the system.

Abstract: The invention concerns a petroleum product and a process for the production of a petroleum product which can form part of a blend for an internal combustion engine fuel, the process comprisinga) hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feedstock at a partial pressure of hydrogen at the reactor outlet of about 0.5 MPa to about 6 MPa,b) separating a product (P) from step a) into a product (P1) with a final boiling point of about 300.degree. C. and a product (P2) with an initial boiling point greater than the final boiling point of product (P1),c) performing a liquid-liquid extraction with a solvent (S1), to produce an extract (E1) and a raffinate (R1) from product (P2),d) recovering solvent (S1) from raffinate (R1) to produce a product (Q1), depleted in solvent (S1), which has improved qualities and contains less than 500 ppm by weight of sulphur.

Abstract: A layered hydrocracking catalyst system has high middle distillate selectivity when used for hydrocracking a high sulfur and high nitrogen containing feedstock. The layered system comprises a first layer catalyst with contains a zeolite having a unit cell size of greater than about 24.35 Angstroms, and a second layer catalyst which contains a zeolite having a unit cell size of less than about 24.30 Angstroms. The layered system is particularly beneficial in terms of catalyst life and product selectivity for reactors operated under conditions of a high temperature profile.

Abstract: In an olefins plant for the production and recovery of ethylene and propylene, the hydrogenation of the C.sub.2 acetylenes, the C.sub.3 acetylenes and dienes and the C.sub.4 and heavier acetylenes, dienes and olefins and the selective separation of the resulting products is carried out by the use of various arrangements of one or more reaction distillation columns. These columns contain a hydrogenation catalyst in enriching and stripping sections and concurrently perform a catalytic hydrogenation reaction and a distillation function.

Abstract: A hydroprocess catalyzed by a catalyst composition comprising a porous refractory oxide, a molybdenum component, a phosphorus component and an underbedded nickel component, the composition characterized by a Raman spectrum comprising at least one Raman band in each of the regions of (1) about 240 cm.sup.-1 to about 250 cm.sup.-1, and (2) about 595 cm.sup.-1 to about 605 cm.sup.-1. The catalyst is prepared by sequential incorporation of the nickel metal followed by the additional catalytic promoters including a molybdenum component and a phosphorus component.

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous conversion of waste lubricating oil and pyrolysis oil derived from organic waste to produce a synthetic crude oil by means of contacting the combined feed with a hot hydrogen-rich gaseous stream to increase the temperature of the combined feed to vaporize at least a portion of the distillable organic compounds contained therein which is immediately hydrogenated in a hydrogenation reaction zone. The resulting effluent from the hydrogenation reaction zone is then introduced into a hydroprocessing zone to produce higher hydrogen-content hydrocarbons and to remove heterogeneous components such as sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and halide, for example. The resulting effluent is cooled and partially condensed to produce a gaseous stream containing hydrogen and gaseous water-soluble inorganic compounds and a liquid stream containing hydrocarbon compounds.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon distillate fraction is hydrotreated in a single stage by passing the distillate fraction downwardly over a stacked bed of two hydrotreating catalysts. The catalyst in the upper bed contains 0.1 to 15% by weight of platinum and/or palladium and also contains 2 to 40% by weight of at least one of tungsten, chromium, a Group VIIB metal, and an actinium series metal supported on an acidic refractory oxide carrier. The catalyst in the lower bed contains 1 to 15% by weight of a non-noble Group VIII metal and 1 to 25% by weight of a Group VIB metal on an amorphous, refractory oxide carrier. The liquid hydrocarbon product recovered has a reduced content of aromatics and a reduced heteroatom content.

Abstract: A dispersed fine-sized anion-modified iron oxide slurry catalyst having high surface area exceeding about 100 m.sup.2 /gm and high catalytic activity, and which is useful for hydrogenation and hydroconversion reactions for carbonaceous feed materials is disclosed. The catalyst is synthesized by rapid aqueous precipitation from saturated salt solutions such as ferric alum or ferric sulfate, and is promoted with at least one active metal such as cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten and combinations thereof. The iron-based dispersed catalysts are modified during their preparation with anionic modifiers such as molybdate (MoO.sub.4.sup.2-), phosphate (PO.sub.4.sup.3-), sulfate (SO.sub.4.sup.2-), or tungstate (WO.sub.4.sup.2-). The resulting catalyst usually has primary particle size smaller than about 50 Angstrom units, and may be used in the form of a gel or wet cake which can be easily mixed with a hydrocarbonaceous feed material such as coal, heavy petroleum fractions, mixed waste plastics or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for saturating aromatics in a lube range hydrocarbon is disclosed. The process can be used to raise the viscosity index of the lube range products. The process is carried out over a noble metal catalyst under mild process conditions. The catalyst is resistant to sulfur and nitrogen compounds.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the hydroisomerisation treatment for feeds from the Fischer-Tropsch process. The catalyst is essentially constituted by 0.05% to 10% by weight of a precious metal and a silica (5-70%)/alumina support with a specific surface area of 100-500 m.sup.2 /g. The catalyst has an average pore diameter of 1-12 nm, the pore volume of pores with diameters between the average diameter .+-.3 nm being more than 40% of the total pore volume. The dispersion of the precious metal is 20-100% and the distribution coefficient for the precious metal is greater than 0.1. The process is operated at 200.degree.-450.degree. C. at a partial pressure of hydrogen of 2 to 25 MPa with a VVH of 0.1-10 h.sup.-1 and a hydrogen/feed volume ratio of 100-2000.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a catalyst composition comprising a catalyst prepared by a process comprising: (a) impregnating an oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxide precursors, yttria precursors and mixtures thereof, onto an inorganic refractory oxide support; (b) drying said support at a temperature of about 100.degree. to about 120.degree. C. followed by calcining said support at a temperature of about 400.degree. to about 600.degree. C.; and (c) compositing or depositing on said support of step (b), a catalyst precursor salt represented by (ML)(Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4).sub.a wherein M comprises Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and mixtures thereof, wherein y is any value ranging from 0 to 1, and wherein L is one or more neutral, nitrogen-containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; a=1 when chromium is not one of the promoter metals and 0.5.ltoreq.a.

Abstract: A process for producing a debenzeneated gasoline blending stock from a benzene-containing refinery stream by using a dual function catalyst. The benzene-containing refinery stream contains at least 2 wt % of benzene is hydrogenated to cyclohexane and then isomerized to methylcyclopentane accompanied with C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 normal paraffins isomerized to isoparaffins, preferably in a single reactor or catalytic distillation reactor using dual function catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalytic hydrogenation processes for hydrocarbon molecules of number-average molecular weight greater than about 180, and to use therein of an inert catalyst support comprising porous refractory substrate particles having: a) a pore volume distribution wherein i) pores having diameters >150,000 .ANG. constitute greater than about 2% of the total volume, ii) pores having diameters >20,000 .ANG. and <150,000 .ANG. constitute greater than about 1% of the total volume, iii) pores having diameters >2,000 .ANG. and <20,000 .ANG. constitute greater than about 12% of the total volume; and, b) a total pore volume of from about 45% to 86% of the total volume of the substrate particles. Using the invention increased resin productivity of 150% or more can be achieved in industrial operations.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a process for treating a charge of which the major part is constituted by hydrocarbons comprising at least 5 carbon atoms per molecule and comprising at least one unsaturated compound comprising at the most six carbon atoms per molecule including benzene, such that said charge is treated in a distillation zone, comprising a drainage zone and a stripping zone, associated with a hydrogenation reaction zone, comprising at least one catalytic bed, in which hydrogenation is carried out of at least part of the unsaturated compounds comprising at the most six carbon atoms per molecule and contained in the charge, the charge of said reaction zone being removed at the height of a removal level and representing at least a part of the liquid flowing in the distillation zone, the effluent of the reaction zone being at least partly reintroduced into the distillation zone, in such a way as to ensure the continuity of the distillation operation and in such a way as to remove from the top of t

Abstract: A process for treating a light cracked naphtha to be used as an etherification or alkylation feedstock in which the mercaptans and diolefins reacted in a single pass fixed bed reactor and are removed in a distillation column reactor which hydrogenate the unreacted diolefins. The mercaptans are reacted with the diolefins to form sulfides which are higher boiling than that portion of the naphtha which is used as feed to the etherification or alkylation unit. The higher boiling sulfides are removed as bottoms along with any C.sub.6 and heavier materials. Any diolefins not converted to sulfides are selectively hydrogenated to mono-olefins for use in the etherification process. Certain C.sub.5 olefins, for example pentene-1 and 3-methyl butene-1 are isomerized during the process to more beneficial isomers.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds contained in feeds with an initial boiling point of more than 100.degree. C. and which contain at least 10% by weight of aromatic compounds. It consists of introducing chlorine in a concentration of 0.5-500 ppm by weight with respect to the feed at a temperature of between 200.degree. C. and 450.degree. C., a pressure in the range 1 MPa to 25 MPa, an HSV of between 0.1 h.sup.-1 and 10 h.sup.-1 and a volume ratio of hydrogen to feed of 100-2000. The catalyst used is a noble metal type and contains less than 1% of at least one halogen. Preferably, the catalyst is fluorinated or chlorinated.

Abstract: Hydrodesulfurization of cracked naphtha, with minimum attendant hydrogenation of olefins, is effected over a sulfided, carbon supported catalyst bearing (i) at least one non-noble Group VIII metal, (ii) at least one Group VI-B metal, (iii) at least one metal of Group I-A, II-A, III-B, or the lanthanide series of rare earths, and (iv) at least one metal of Group I-B.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing gas oil containing low-sulfur and low-aromatic-compound content, said method including a first step of putting distilled petroleum to contact with hydrogen gas in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to reduce the sulfur concentration to not higher than 0.05 wt % and a second step of reducing the aromatic compound concentration in the presence of a noble metal type catalyst, with at least a pair of high temperature high pressure gas liquid separators arranged between the two steps to separate the gaseous and liquid components of distilled petroleum and hydrogen gas or hydrogen containing gas is introduced into the liquid component in each of the separators.

Abstract: In a hydrotreating process a two phase flow splitter is used in combination with parallel heat exchanger trains for heat transfer stability. Flow maldistribution of liquid and vapor between heat exchanger trains is thereby avoided without more complex feedback control. The two phase flow splitter is inherently phase volume ratio stable. Prior methods of flow splitting were only phase volume ratio metastable. Improved heat recovery at lower equipment cost is thereby achieved.

Abstract: A catalyst suitable for hydrogenating organic compounds, essentially containing from 65 to 80% of nickel, calculated as nickel oxide, from 10 to 25% of silicon, calculated as silicon dioxide, from 2 to 10% of zirconium, calculated as zirconium oxide, and from 0 to 10% of aluminum, calculated as aluminum oxide, with the proviso that the sum of the content of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide is at least 15% (percentages in % by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst), obtainable by addition of an acidic aqueous solution of nickel, zirconium and, if desired, aluminum salts to a basic aqueous solution or suspension of silicon compounds and if desired aluminum compounds, the pH of the mixture thus obtained being decreased to at least 6.

Abstract: A process for treating a charge hydrocarbon oil containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, which comprises maintaining a bed of a sulfided catalyst comprising 0.1 to 15% by weight of one or more non-noble Group VIII metals; and from 1 to 50% by weight of tungsten and/or from 1 to 20% by weight or molybdenum or chromium, and 0.01 to 10% by weight of zinc, on an activated carbon support, passing a charge hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen into contact with said catalyst at hydrotreating conditions, thereby effecting hydrogenation, hydrodearomatization, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation of said charge hydrocarbon feed containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen, and forming a product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser concentration of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen; and recovering said product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser concentration of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen.

Abstract: A naphtha or a middle distillate hydrocarbon is hydrodearomatized by hydrotreating in the presence of a catalyst containing a carbon support bearing (i) molybdenum or tungsten, (ii) a metal or non-noble Group VIII, and (iii) chromium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for pretreatment of hydrocarbon feed containing sulfur and nitrogen compounds and aromatics prior to hydrocracking or fluid catalytic cracking which comprises:contacting said feedstock with a sulfided catalyst comprising a metal of non-noble Group VIII and Group VIB, and, optionally one or more elements selected from Group IIIA and Group VA of the Periodic Table on a carbon support consisting essentially of activated carbon, optionally on a carbon support treated with phosphorus, having a B.E.T. (Braunauer-Emmett Teller) surface area of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g and an average Pore Diameter greater than 12.ANG. and a Total Pore Volume greater than 0.3 cc/g.

Abstract: A physically intermixed catalyst system comprising two distinctly different catalytic particles, the first of which is a hydrodenitrification and/or hydrodesulfurization catalyst and the second of which is a relatively active hydrocracking catalyst, wherein the catalyst particles of both catalytic components are substantially the same size, that is the effective diameter of each catalyst component is substantially the same. The catalyst system of the present invention can be layered with unmixed catalysts. The novel systems of the present invention have been found to provide surprisingly good selectivity for liquid products and stability against catalyst fouling when used in combined hydrotreating and hydrocracking applications, and can therefore be used to provide a stable catalyst system which offers even heat distribution and reactor control in such applications.

Abstract: A hydrogenation process for reducing the unsaturation of lubricants uses a catalyst which is based on an ultra-large pore crystalline material. The crystalline material has pores of at least 13 .ANG. diameter arranged in a uniform manner and exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams (50 torr and 25.degree. C.). A preferred form of the catalyst has a hexagonal structure which exhibits a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 .ANG.. The hydrogenation catalysts based on these materials are capable of reducing the unsaturation in poly alpha olefin lubricants to a low level.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods useful for introducing feedstock to a chemical reactor are disclosed. The methods and apparatus employ a novel baffle system to mitigate the effects of unwanted momentum components transferred to the reactor liquid mass from the introduced feedstock. Resid hydrotreating processes employing these methods also are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is a process for the upgrading of distillate feeds. A batch of supported hydroprocessing catalyst is placed in a reaction zone, which is usually a fixed bed reactor. The hydroprocessing catalyst comprises an effective amount of a noble metal or metals and has a specific activity. Both low aromatic diesel and jet fuel may be produced in separate blocks over the same catalyst batch, using different feeds and often different conditions. The activity of the catalyst is restored each time the feed is switched. When production is switched from jet fuel to low aromatics diesel, activity may be regained more quickly by holding the catalyst at a higher temperature than the reaction temperature for a specific period of time prior to dropping the temperature to the reaction temperature. Switching from one feed to the other may continue for about one year before the catalyst batch is changed. A dual catalyst system may alternatively be employed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for hydrogenation and/or dehydrogenation having an improved resistance against deactivation by sulfur compounds, comprising at least one hydrogenation component, at least one metal-oxide containing component and at least one component acting as a support material, in which at least a part of the hydrogenation component and a part of the metal-oxide containing component are present on said support material as separate particles, the particles of the hydrogenation component and the particles of the metal-oxide containing component being homogeneously distributed in the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for treating a charge hydrocarbon oil containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, which comprisesmaintaining a bed of a sulfided catalyst comprising 0.1 to 15% by weight of nickel; and from 1 to 50% by weight of tungsten and 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphorus, on an activated carbon support, andpassing a charge hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen into contact with said catalyst at hydrotreating conditions, thereby effecting hydrodearomatization, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation of said charge hydrocarbon feed containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen, and forming a product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser quantity of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen; andrecovering said product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser quantity of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a lubricating base oil, comprising treating a hydrocarbonaceous product with hydrogen, at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of a catalyst, which hydrocarbonaceous product has been prepared by contacting hydrocarbons and/or derivatives thereof with an active hydrogen-containing system by a process which comprises generating a hydrogen-containing plasma and allowing contact of the hydrocarbons and/or derivatives thereof in liquid form with the plasma-generated system and recovering the hydrocarbonaceous product.

Abstract: A process for simultaneous hydrodearomatization, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation of a charge hydrocarbon oil containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, which comprises:maintaining a bed of a sulfided metal catalyst comprising one or more metals of non-noble Group VIII, at least one metal selected from tungsten and molybdenum on a novel "phosphorus treated carbon" support, the "phosphorus treated carbon" support being comprised of phosphorus bound to the carbon surface predominantly as polyphosphate species characterized by peaks between -5 and -30 ppm in the solid-state magic angle spinning .sup.31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum;passing a charge hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen into contact with said catalyst at hydrotreating conditions, thereby effecting hydrodearomatization, and simultaneously effecting hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation.

Abstract: A novel catalyst has been provided for the selective hydrogenation of benzene in gasoline. The catalyst mixture comprises a water-soluble, organo-metallic, selective benzene hydrogenation catalyst comprising catalytically-active mixture of (A) M[L].sub.x [X].sub.y wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, La and Ce; L is an aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g., benzene, diphenyl, etc., or a diaromatic hydrocarbon, e.g., naphthalene; X is a halogen; x is an integer from 1 to 10 inclusive; and y is an integer from 1 to 10 inclusive; and (B) tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I)halide or tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(I)halide. In use the process comprises admixing the gasoline with water. The above-identified water-soluble, organo-metallic selective benzene hydrogenation catalyst mixture is then added. A catalytic hydrogenation is then carried out in a hydrogenation zone at a temperature of about 150.degree. to about 245.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a distillate boiling-range hydrocarbon product which comprises hydrotreating a hydrodesulfurized aromatic, substantially dealkylated hydrocarbon feed produced by the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon fraction, the feed having an initial boiling point of at least 300.degree. F., an aromatic content of at least about 30 weight percent, a hydrogen content not more than about 12 weight percent and a sulfur content of not more than 5000 ppmw, in the presence of a catalyst comprising an inorganic, non-layered, porous, crystalline phase material having pores with diameters of at least about 13 .ANG. and exhibiting, after calcination, an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak with a relative intensity of 100 at a d-spacing greater than about 18 .ANG.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion processes are described which use novel microporous compositions. These compositions have a three-dimensional microporous framework structure of ZnO.sub.2, PO.sub.2 and M'O.sub.2 tetrahedral units, and an intracrystalline pore system. The M' metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, copper, gallium, aluminum, germanium, cobalt, chromium, iron, manganese, titanium and mixtures thereof. Examples of the hydrocarbon conversion processes include hydrocracking, hydrotreating and hydrogenation.

Abstract: A naphtha or a middle distillate hydrocarbon is hydrodearomatized by hydrotreating in the presence of a catalyst containing boron, non-noble Group VIII metal, and Group VIB metal on a carbon support.

Abstract: A reactor for refining resid includes an elongated vertical vessel containing a bed of catalyst which is expanded or ebullated by a liquid/gas mixture. The mixture rises in an updraft through the bed and then is recirculated with an increased velocity by an ebullating pump. To reduce gas holdup of the ebullated bed and to promote a more uniform flow, the gas is entrapped by two cascaded stages of baffles which have an internal conical shape to guide, direct, and entrap the gas. One of these two stages has a shape which creates a countercurrent in the flowing liquid to deflect any catalyst particles which might otherwise be elutriated by the increased velocity.

Abstract: A naphtha or a middle distillate hydrocarbon is dehydroaromatized by hydrotreating in the presence of a catalyst containing non-noble Group VIII metal and Group VI-B metal on carbon.

Abstract: A process is described for carrying out the dehydrogenation or hydrogenation, including hydrogenolysis, of a hydrocarbon in the presence of one or more soluble fullerene catalysts which have been dissolved in the hydrocarbon (when the hydrocarbon is a liquid capable of dissolving the fullerene catalyst) or dissolved in a solvent which is also a solvent for the hydrocarbon (when the hydrocarbon either is not a liquid or is not a liquid which is a solvent for the fullerene catalyst). The use of a liquid catalyst, i.e., a dissolved fullerene catalyst, inhibits coking reactions to thereby inhibit formation of coke on a solid catalyst or catalyst support by elimination of nucleation points or growth regions for such coke formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the selective hydrogenation of diolefins in steam cracking petrol in the presence of a nickel catalyst and is characterized in that prior to the use of the catalyst, a suphur-containing organic compound is incorporated into the catalyst outside of the reactor.

Abstract: Lubricating basestock oil suitable for use as such or as blending oil is obtained by the low severity hydrotreatment of industrial circulating oils of the type employed in low severity lubricating applications, and which have been mildly degraded and are no longer suitable for use for their intended purpose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline zeolite SSZ-35 prepared by processes for preparing crystalline molecular sieves, particularly large pore zeolites, using conformationally constrained aza-polycyclic ring system templating agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts suitable for hydrogenating aromatics and olefins in hydrocarbon feedstocks boiling between about 125.degree. C. and about 625.degree. C. as well as the process for carrying out the hydrogenation. The catalysts consist of one or more Group VIII noble metal(s) on a support wherein the support is a Y-type zeolite prepared by contacting a starting Y-type zeolite having a unit cell size less than about 24.65, preferably less than about 24.4 angstroms, a silica to alumina molar ratio greater than about 5, preferably by greater than about 25 and an alkali metal content of less than about 0.30, preferably less than about 0.15 percent (basis metal) with one or more aqueous solution(s) comprising alkali(ne-earth) metal ions under conditions sufficient to provide a final alkali metal content (measured in terms of gram equivalent weight per gram of zeolite) of at least about 1.

Abstract: A method of selectively hydrodenitrogenating various raw hydrocarbon oils such as various petroleum feedstocks, coal liquids, shale oils and sand oils, which method comprises passing the raw hydrocarbon oil along with hydrogen (H.sub.2) over sulfided carbon supported Fe--Mo catalysts, whereby the raw hydrocarbon oil is hydrodenitrogenated with a selectivity significantly higher than that is possible with conventional alumina supported hydrotreating catalysts.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a lubricating base oil including contacting a hydrocarbon feed with a catalyst in the presence of hydrogen, which catalyst includes a hydrogenation component supported on an amorphous silica-alumina carrier having a macroporosity in the range of from 5% vol to 50% vol. The hydrocarbon feed is most preferably a slack wax or a synthetic wax. The preferred catalyst for use in the process includes a combination of one or more of the metals cobalt, iron, and nickel, and one or more of the metals chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten on an amorphous silica-alumina carrier having a macroporosity in the range of from 5% vol to 50% vol.

Abstract: Heavy oil is hydrotreated by processing with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising an activated carbon component having a specified range of pore volume distribution and average pore diameter, a molybdenum or tungsten component and a cobalt or nickel component to reduce the content of nickel and vanadium therein and to achieve demetallation and conversion of the carbon residue for producing a lighter oil.

Abstract: A method of operating a continuous process employing solid catalyst particles by means of charging a feedstock to a reactor and contacting the feedstock with a dense-phase moving bed of catalyst particles at conversion conditions in a reactor. A hydrogen-rich gas containing unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds is recovered from the reactor effluent and at least a portion is contacted with a hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefins. The resulting hydrogenated hydrogen-rich gaseous stream is heated and used to supply heat to a vessel containing solid catalyst particles which are preheated and subsequently introduced into the reactor.

Abstract: Mid-distillate hydrocarbon fuels, preferably having initial boiling points above 350.degree. F., are separated e.g. by prep-HPLC into non-aromatic and aromatic fractions which are used to set 0% aromatics (the non-aromatics) and 100% aromatics (the aromatics) on an NIR spectrophotometer. From NIR aromatic band absorbances of unknown samples, their percent aromatics is determined using this two-point calibration and the Beer-Lambert equation. Preferred NIR bands of 1650-1700 and 2120-2256 exhibit excel lent correlation with aromatics content.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel molecular sieve compositions as the catalyst. These molecular sieves contain chromium in the framework structure along with aluminum and silicon. The process of preparing the chromium-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of chromium under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium.