Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst containing cobalt and a Group VIB metal and having a substantially uniform cross-sectional phosphorus distribution is prepared by impregnating support particles with a solution containing dissolved cobalt, phosphorus, and at least 17 weight percent of Group VIB metal components, calculated as the trioxides, having a pH of less than 1.2, and characterized by an extincton coefficient in the ultraviolet spectrum of about 0.7.times.10.sup.4 to about 1.8.times.10.sup.4 liters/cm.moles of Group VIB metal, followed by aging, drying and calcining. The catalyst is useful for promoting a number of hydrocarbon conversion reactions, particularly those involving hydrogenative desulfurization.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenation of an organic sulfur compound and/or an organic nitrogen compound is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising catalytic grade alumina, titanium, cobalt, zinc and molybdenum.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in substrates containing alumina and a Group IV-B oxide and in producing the same and in processes of producing hydrodesulfurizing catalysts based on Group VIII and Group VI-B in the catalysts employing such substrates, and hydrodesulfurizing process employing the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in substrates containing alumina and a Group IV-B oxide and in producing the same and in processes of producing hydrodesulfurizing catalysts based on Group VIII and Group VI in the catalysts employing such substrates, and hydrodesulfurizing process employing the same.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrocracking, hydrodesulfurization, and/or hydrodenitrogenation of organic compounds is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zeolite, zinc, titanium, and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and compounds thereof.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization of organic compounds containing sulfur is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc titanate and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst comprising nickel, molybdenum, and phosphorus active components supported on gamma alumina is prepared with gamma alumina support particles partially hydrated with water vapor while the support particles are in motion relative to each other, as by passage of steam through an ebulliating bed of particulate gamma alumina.

Abstract: An improved process for hydroconversion of mineral oil is disclosed wherein a spherical hydroconversion catalyst having a diameter greater than 6 mm, a surface area above 200 m.sup.2 /gm, and a crush strength above 70 pounds is used to replace the inert materials which are used to support or retain a fixed bed of suitable hydroconversion catalyst.

Abstract: In processes for the catalytic treatment of hydrocarbon feedstream containing organic sulfur comprising contacting said feedstream with a catalyst for a time at a temperature and pressure sufficient to effect the desired catalytic change on the feedstream, the improvement comprising using as the catalyst a layered composition of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Group IVb, Vb, VIb, VIIb and uranium, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and mixtures thereof, y is a number ranging from about 1.5 to about 3. The catalyst is prepared by reacting neat or in the presence of a nonaqueous solvent a Group IVb to VIIb or uranium metal salt, and a source of sulfide, selenide or telluride ions, and mixing the reactants at temperatures below 400.degree. C. and at atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a composition comprising a catalytic metal component, carbon and hydrogen deposited on a low surface area metal or metal alloy support is provided. Hydrocarbon treating and conversion processes utilizing the catalyst are also provided. The catalyst is particularly suitable for slurry processes.

Abstract: Process for hydrogenating a heavy hydrocarbon charge containing asphaltenes, in the liquid phase, in the presence, as catalyst, of a molybdenum blue solution in a polar organic solvent soluble in the charge, so as to remove impurities therefrom before subjecting it to further refining.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a composition comprising a catalytic metal component, carbon and hydrogen deposited on a low surface area aluminum alloy powder support prepared by atomizing the metal alloy. Hydrocarbon treating and conversion processes utilizing the catalyst are also provided. The catalyst is particularly suitable for slurry processes.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising Group VIB and Group VIII metal components and a support prepared by treating alpha alumina monohydrate with an acid solution comprising a hydrolyzable metal salt, such as zirconium nitrate.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon cuts of high olefin content are desulfurized, without substantial loss in octane number, by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a specified non-acidic carried and (b) cobalt and at least one of tungsten and molybdenum, the atomic ratio ##EQU1## being higher than 0.55.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenation of organic compounds containing sulfur and/or nitrogen is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: A tungsten-free hydrotreating catalyst is produced by contacting a refractory metal oxide support with an aqueous impregnating solution formed from an ammoniacal solution of nickel fluoride, preferably predissolved, and an Mo.sup.+VI oxide. The impregnating solution consists essentially of NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ni.sup.++, Mo.sup.+VI and F.sup.-, said Ni.sup.++ and F.sup.- being supplied from nickel fluoride and preferably contains nickel and fluoride ions in a ratio of substantially 1 to 2, and is used in an amount necessary for impregnating by the incipient wetness technique in a one-step impregnation. The impregnated catalyst support is then heated to a temperature sufficient to drive off ammonia and thereby deposit fluorine, nickel and molybdenum. The resulting catalyst is highly active for hydrotreating lube oil feedstocks.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises an ultrastable Y-type crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, an alumina-aluminum fluorophosphate and a hydrogenation component. Hydrocarbon hydroprocessing processes utilizing the catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: A nickel-molybdenum catalyst composite is formed by a process which consists essentially of contacting a refractory inorganic oxide support with an aqueous, alkaline impregnating solution consisting essentially of NH.sup.+.sub.4, Ni.sup.++, SO.sub.4 .sup.- and MO.sup.+VI, with substantially all of the Ni.sup.++ being supplied from nickel sulfate, and heating said impregnated support to dry and calcine the catalyst composite. The calcination is an oxidative calcination conducted in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature in the range of 427.degree. and about 566.degree. C. such that sulfate remains on said support. The resulting catalyst is used to desulfurize naphthas, middle distillate oils and asphaltic oils.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization of an organic sulfur compound contained in gasoline is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising catalytic grade alumina and a catalytic component at least one member of which is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten. A catalytic promoter may also be present in the catalyst composition with at least one member of the catalytic promoter being selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt and nickel. A suitable nitrogen compound is also contacted with the catalyst composition to at least partially suppress the saturation of olefins in the gasoline during the hydrodesulfurization process.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the fluid stream which contains hydrogen sulfide with an absorbing composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and compounds thereof. If organic sulfur compounds are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst to convert the sulfur in the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide which is subsequently removed from the fluid stream by the absorbing composition. If olefin contaminants are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefin contaminants to paraffins.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon stream such as petroleum distillate and similar hydrocarbon materials by contacting said stream with hydrogen and a catalyst comprising a porous refractory inorganic oxide support and deposited thereon hydrogenation components comprising chromium, molybdenum and at least one Group VIII metal. This process enables improved removal of nitrogen and sulfur, particularly from gas oils.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oils, particularly oils which have a high boiling temperature, are treated to remove organic sulphur compounds by subjecting a mixture of a hydrogenating gas, e.g. a gas containing at least 90% v/v hydrogen and is substantially free from carbon oxides, and partially vaporized oil to a hydrogenation reaction over a known hydrogenation catalyst and thereafter passing the resulting liquid/vapor mixture which also contains hydrogen sulphide over zinc oxide, thereby to remove the hydrogen sulphide.

Abstract: An improved process is described for the hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon oil, such as oils extracted from tar sands. The charge oil in the presence of an excess of hydrogen is passed through a tubular hydrocracking zone, and the effluent emerging from the top of the zone is separated into a gaseous stream containing a wide boiling range material and a liquid stream containing heavy hydrocarbons. According to the novel feature, the charge stock is in the form of a slurry of heavy hydrocarbon oil and finely divided fly ash or high ash coal fines. The presence of this ash in the charge stock serves to greatly reduce coke precursors and thereby prevent the formation of carbonaceous deposits in the reaction zone.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenation of an organic sulfur compound and/or an organic nitrogen compound is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising catalytic grade alumina, titanium, cobalt, zinc and molybdenum.

Abstract: A mixture of heavy hydrocarbons, hydrogen and fresh catalyst comprising metals from the groups Vb, VIb, VIIb or VIII is passed first in a furnace for a limited heating time and then in a reactor where recycled catalyst is also added; the recycled catalyst is used in the form of a suspension recovered by fractionation of the reaction product.

Abstract: A lube oil feedstock is subjected to hydrotreating in the presence of hydrogen and a fluorine-promoted catalyst comprising nickel and molybdenum on a support wherein the nickel and fluorine are derived from an ammoniacal solution of nickel fluoride. The catalyst can be prepared by contacting the support with an alkaline impregnating solution consisting essentially of NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ni.sup.++, MO.sup.+VI and F.sup.-, said Ni.sup.++ and F.sup.- being supplied from nickel fluoride, in a single step employing the incipient wetness technique. The impregnated support is thereafter heated to drive off the alkaline component of the solution and thereby deposit the fluorine, nickel and molybdenum on the support.

Abstract: Contacting deactivated hydrodesulfurization catalyst, such as Co-Mo supported on alumina, with a heteropoly acid, such as molybdophosphoric acid or tungstosilicic acid, in pH range of about 1 to 3 and temperature range of about 20.degree. to 80.degree. C., results, before any coke is burned off the catalyst, in selective abstraction of vanadium and nickel, removal of sulfur, increase in surface area, and increase in pore volume of the catalyst. Subsequent cobalt doping of demetallized catalyst followed by calcination promotes decoking, additional sulfur removal and additional increase in surface area and pore volume. The process results in substantially complete regeneration of catalytic activity.

Abstract: The removal of metals, especially vanadium, from spent hydrofining catalyst is accomplished by a two-step process. Treatment with a gaseous sulfur-containing reagent brings the metals to the surface of the catalyst and converts them to sulfides, which are then efficiently removed by contact with a heteropoly acid such as molybdophosphoric acid. Treatment of deactivated hydrodesulfurization catalysts such as Co-Mo supported on alumina by this process results in substantially complete regeneration of catalytic activity.

Abstract: A process for the desulfurization and demetalation of a nickel and sulfur containing heavy hydrocarbon charge stock comprises: admixing the feed with hydrogen; reacting the admixture in a reaction zone containing desulfurization catalyst at desulfurization conditions; injecting water into the reaction zone at H.sub.2 O/H.sub.2 molar ratios of about 0.05 to 0.5; separating and recycling both hydrogen and water from the reactor effluent; and recovering the substantially sulfur and nickel free product.

Abstract: Contaminants such as petroleum sulfonates, anticorrosion amines, and silicone oils are removed from a contaminated feedstock stream by contacting said feedstock stream with an adsorbent comprising bauxite. In a further aspect, a thus purified petroleum feedstock stream is hydrodesulfurized.

Abstract: Contacting deactivated hydrodesulfurization catalyst, such as Co-Mo supported on alumina, with a heteropoly acid, such as molybdophosphoric acid or tungstosilicic acid, to which dilute hydrogen peroxide is added, results in a significant enhancement in the rate and extent of carbon and metals removal. Forms of deposited vanadium intractable by other treatments are also removed. The process results in substantially complete regeneration of catalytic activity.

Abstract: A method for removing and treating waste catalyst resulting from the catalytic reaction of hydrocarbons, characterized by wetting the catalyst with water or a mineral oil containing one or more lactones.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst comprises molybdenum, nickel, and phosphorus components supported on gamma alumina precalcined at a temperature of at least 1375.degree. F.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing a hydrocarbon hydrotreating catalyst containing a major amount of alumina and a minor amount of at least one Group VIB or Group VIII metal comprising:(1) contacting an aqueous mixture of hydrous alumina with at least one phosphorus-containing compound in an amount sufficient to increase the hydrocarbon hydrotreating activity of the final catalyst and forming a phosphorus-containing hydrous alumina;(2) calcining the phosphorus-containing hydrous alumina and forming a calcined alumina;(3) contacting the calcined alumina with at least one metal-containing compound and forming a metal-containing material, the metal being selected from the group consisting of Group VIB metal, Group VIII metal and mixtures thereof; and(4) calcining the metal-containing material and forming a catalyst having increased hydrocarbon hydrotreating activity.Improved hydrocarbon hydrotreating processes and catalysts are also disclosed.

Abstract: Hydrofining catalysts comprising cobalt and/or nickel oxides plus molybdenum and/or tungsten oxides are presulfided with mixed sulfiding agents comprising (1) a liquid phase heavy mineral oil fraction containing native organic sulfur and (2) a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and H.sub.2 S, the contacting being carried out at temperatures sufficiently high to convert some but not more than about 90% of the organic sulfur in the mineral oil fraction to H.sub.2 S.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oil containing sulfur compounds, for example, lighter petroleum fraction having a boiling point of not higher than 250.degree. C. is hydrodesulfurized to less than 1 ppm with a hydrogenating gas containing 1 to 40% by volume of oxides of carbon (CO.sub.2 and CO) in the presence of a catalyst comprising 3 to 40% by weight of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, and 2 to 15% by weight of at least one of nickel and cobalt, the balance being titanium oxide. Product gas from steam reforming can be used as the hydrogenating gas.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide is prepared by dry blending particulate alumina with a dried composite of magnesia impregnated with hydrogenation metals of Group VIB and Group VIII; the catalyst is employed in selective hydrodesulfurization of cracked naphtha.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst is regenerated as it concurrently hydrotreats a hydrocarbon fuel by introducing a low concentration of oxygen into the catalyst bed either continuously or periodically. At low oxygen concentrations the carbon deposits on the catalyst are burned off without harming the catalyst and without significantly affecting the hydrotreating process. In a preferred embodiment the hydrotreating process is hydrodesulfurization, and regenerating is done periodically with oxygen concentrations between 0.1 and 0.5 volume percent.

Abstract: Shaped alumina pellets containing titania, catalysts employing the same, and process for producing the same.

Abstract: Highly active hydrofining catalysts are prepared by ion exchanging a silica-alumina hydrogel with an ammoniacal solution of a cobalt and/or nickel compound, and thereafter compositing the undried product with an alumina hydrogel and a molybdenum component, followed by drying and calcining. The resulting catalysts are particularly active for the denitrogenation of mineral oil feedstocks.

Abstract: The invention provides a titania-zirconia or a titania-zirconia-alumina catalyst base containing a system of metals, metal oxides or metal sulfides from Groups VIB, VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Table. Such catalyst are useful in the hydrodesulfurization and denitrogenation of hydrocarbon feed stocks and the saturation of aromatics contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of catalyst presulfiding, wherein the catalyst is treated with elemental sulfur. The use of elemental sulfur as a catalyst presulfiding agent is a means of rapidly and reproducibly attaining a highly active catalyst.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating (hydroprocessing) hydrocarbons and mixtures of hydrocarbons utilizing a catalytic composite comprising a combination of a nickel component, a molybdenum component and a platinum component with a zeolitic carrier material wherein said platinum component is present in an amount sufficient to result in the composite containing, on an elemental basis, about 0.2 to about 0.5 percent by weight platinum, in which process there is effected a chemical consumption of hydrogen. Hydrocarbon hydroprocesses are hydrocracking, the hydrogenation of aromatic nuclei, the ring-opening of cyclic hydrocarbons, desulfurization, denitrification, hydrogenation, etc.

Abstract: The hydrogen consumption in the catalytic desulfurization of hydrocarbon oils is reduced by the incorporation in the catalyst of a small amount of arsenic.

Abstract: Improved amphora aggregates having a substantially spherical shape, a void center and two cavities 180.degree. apart in the external surface communicating to the void center are useful in diffusion-limited reactions and/or reactions in which heat transfer is critical. Especially preferred is use of the amphora aggregates in the hydrotreating of light hydrocarbon fractions, catalytic reforming, and fixed-bed alkylation processes.

Abstract: Liquid products from retorting oil shale are upgraded to a total liquid suited to pipeline transport and containing increased amounts of the premium products gasoline through distillate fuel by hydrotreating to convert sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metal constituents and cascading the hydrotreater effluent through a hydrocracking reactor containing a catalyst which is characterized by a crystalline zeolite having a silica/alumina ratio greater than 12 and a constraint index of 1 to 12, for example zeolite ZSM-5.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbons comprising one or more of metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals and metals of group IIb of the periodic table supported on sepiolite. More particularly it relates to a catalyst effective in the selective demetallization treatment of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for activating a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation system having multiple reaction stages by sulfurization comprising sulfurizing the hydrogenation catalyst in each reaction stage with a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil and a hydrogen-rich gas containing less than 1000 ppm (by volume) of hydrogen sulfide, successively in the order of from the final reaction stage thereof to the first reaction stage thereof.

Abstract: A naphtha hydrorefining process is initiated by contacting an olefinic naphtha feed at hydrorefining conditions including a pressure below about 200 psig, with hydrogen and a catalyst that has been partially deactivated by treating a fresh or a regenerated catalyst with a substantially non-metals containing hydrocarbonaceous oil in the presence of hydrogen under conditions sufficient to decrease the hydrogenation activity of the catalyst.

Abstract: The process comprises contacting a cracked naphtha in a reaction zone under hydrodesulfurization conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation component comprising a Group VIB metal and a Group VIII metal deposited on a solid support comprising magnesium oxide. The catalyst support may also comprise a refractory inorganic oxide, such as alumina. In the latter case, the catalyst support should contain at least 70 wt.% magnesium oxide to furnish a satisfactory embodiment of the catalyst.