Coking In At Least One Stage Patents (Class 208/50)
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Patent number: 5645711Abstract: A delayed coking process in which a flash zone gas oil stream from the bottom of the coker fractionator is upgraded by removing suspended solids and then hydroprocessing the stream to make it more attractive as a feed to a fluidized bed catalytic cracking unit or other processing unit. Removal of the solids allows the stream to be processed in a fixed bed catalytic hydrotreater without plugging of the catalyst bed.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 1996Date of Patent: July 8, 1997Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Thomas L. Hraban, Paul E. Seyler, Todd W. Dixon
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Patent number: 5597474Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated fluid coking/hydrogen production process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is passed to the scrubbing zone of the reactor. Methane and steam are introduced into the stream of hot solids passing from the gasifier to the scrubbing zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the conversion of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of steam.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1994Date of Patent: January 28, 1997Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Michael C. Kerby, Roby Bearden, Jr., Stephen M. Davis, LeRoy Clavenna
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Patent number: 5520795Abstract: The air reactivity of calcined petroleum coke is reduced by maintaining the amount of sodium in at least a portion of the water streams contacting the petroleum coke at a value below about 100 parts per million.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1993Date of Patent: May 28, 1996Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventors: Daisy K. Wong, Richard P. Ellingsen, Bernie C. Vitchus, Chris Bustamante, James L. Mladenik
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Patent number: 5490918Abstract: A process for disposing of industrial waste or petroleum sludge in a delayed coking process wherein said waste or sludge is introduced into the hot coke in combination with steam in the steam cooling phase of the delayed coking process is provided.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1994Date of Patent: February 13, 1996Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventor: Thomas D. Meek
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Patent number: 5481052Abstract: This invention relates to a process for cracking waste polymers in a fluidized bed reactor to produce vaporous products comprising primary products which can be further processed, eg in a steam cracker to produce olefins, characterized in that the vaporous products are treated to generate a primary product substantially free of a high molecular weight tail having molecular weights >700 prior to further processing. The removal of the high molecular weight tail minimizes fouling and prolongs the lifetime of the reactors used for further processing.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1993Date of Patent: January 2, 1996Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Stephen Hardman, Stephen A. Leng, David C. Wilson
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Patent number: 5443717Abstract: A process for producing a delayed coker quench stream for use in the quench cycle of a delayed coking process wherein a waste stream containing water, organic compounds and solids is treated to produce a coker feed stream containing from about 5 to about 35% by weight solids, water and less than about 6% by weight mobile organics, the solids having a particle size distribution such that greater than about 70% of the total solids volume comprises solids having a particle size of less than about 15 microns.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1993Date of Patent: August 22, 1995Assignee: Scaltech, Inc.Inventors: Robert M. Scalliet, Craig A. Koopersmith, Walter A. Carter
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Patent number: 5389234Abstract: Waste refinery sludge having a high water content along with hydrocarbon liquids and solids is disposed of in a delayed coking process. The sludge is pretreated and heated to a coking temperature and then introduced into the top of a delayed coking drum.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1993Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: ABB Lummus Crest Inc.Inventors: Alok K. Bhargava, Wai Seung W. Louie, Arthur N. Stefani
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Patent number: 5356530Abstract: A method for upgrading a petroleum material comprises charging the material into a vessel having a cylindrical wall, then heating the cylindrical wall. The petroleum material adjacent the wall is heated to a temperature sufficient to form a layer of carbon on the wall, and volatile material generated at the wall during the carbon formation passes through the bulk of the petroleum material thermally cracking it to form smaller molecules and simultaneously desulfurizing same.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1992Date of Patent: October 18, 1994Inventor: Albert Calderon
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Patent number: 5350503Abstract: A consistent high quality coke is produced by feeding a balancing stream comprising hydrocarbons to a delayed coking drum in addition to the heavy hydrocarbonaceous coker feedstock. The process of this invention reduces the contaminant content of coke by coking contaminant-containing residua and a reduced contaminant hydrocarbon balancing stream. Preferably, the balancing stream is a contaminant diluent, such as unreduced crude. The balancing stream may be a crude which is different from the base crude processed in the refinery crude tower and is preferably selected as a sulfur and/or metals diluent having a lower concentration of sulfur-containing or metal-containing compounds than the heavy coker feedstock.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1992Date of Patent: September 27, 1994Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventors: Douglas A. Freymeyer, Richard L. Holloway, Ronald J. Kiracofe, Vijay R. Sampath
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Patent number: 5338336Abstract: The present invention provides a method for processing environmentally undesirable materials including petroleum coke and the sulfur and heavy metals contained therein and agglomerated waste dust from an electric arc furnace and the zinc, cadmium, lead and iron oxides contained therein and of providing fuel and a charging material for a process of making molten iron or steel preproducts and reduction gas in a melter gasifier. Metallized arc furnace waste dust material from a reduction furnace is introduced into the melter gasifier. The petroleum coke, oxygen and metallized waste dust material are reacted to produce reduction gas and molten iron from the iron oxides in the waste dust material. The molten iron contains the metals freed from combustion of the petroleum coke. The reduction gas is removed from the melter gasifier for use in the reduction furnace to produce an top off gas containing vapors of zinc, cadmium and lead.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1993Date of Patent: August 16, 1994Assignee: Bechtel Group, Inc.Inventor: Richard B. Greenwalt
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Patent number: 5316655Abstract: A process for making a light hydrocarbonaceous liquid in a delayed coker comprising:(A) providing a hydrocarbonaceous feed to the coke drum and heating the feed to a temperature of about 800.degree. F. to about 1200.degree. F. to provide an intermediate product; and(B) introducing said intermediate product into the coke drum, operating the coke drum to convert the intermediate product to a final comprising light liquid and coke, and separating the light liquid from the coke;step (A) being conducted in combination with either step (A) (i) or step (A) (ii);Step (A) (i) comprising maintaining the feed during step (A) in an enclosed space and subjecting the feed to a pressure that is at least about 500 psig and is sufficient to maintain the specific gravity of the contents of the enclosed space at least about 0.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1991Date of Patent: May 31, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Paspek, Christopher P. Eppig, Jeffrey B. Hauser, Carl Polisena
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Patent number: 5286371Abstract: A process is provided for producing premium and super premium grade needle coke comprising the steps of passing a heavy resid feedstock to a resid hydrotreating reaction zone at resid hydrotreating conditions and producing light resid hydrotreated products and a heavy resid hydrotreated residual product, directing the heavy resid hydrotreated residual product and FCC decanted oil to a solvent extraction process reaction zone at solvent extraction process conditions and producing products comprising a solvent extracted oil and resin stream and a stream comprising asphaltenes, and conveying at least a portion of the solvent extracted oil and resin stream to a delayed coking process at delayed coking conditions and producing liquid products and premium grade coke.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1992Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Shri K. Goval, Jeffrey J. Kolstad, F. W. Hauschildt, Dean G. Venardos, Cheryl L. M. Joval
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Patent number: 5259865Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making iron or steel preproducts and reduction in gas a substantially slag free process utilizing petroleum coke as a fuel in a melter gasifier.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1993Date of Patent: November 9, 1993Assignee: Bechtel Group, Inc.Inventor: Richard B. Greenwalt
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Patent number: 5258115Abstract: A refinery derived spent caustic is recycled by introducing the spent caustic to a delayed coking drum while conducting delayed coking of a hydrocarbon feedstock. The alkali metal containing material accelerates coking, induces production of shot coke, alleviates the problem of a hot drum and reduces drum cooling time.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1992Date of Patent: November 2, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Roland H. Heck, Tom Reischman, Gerald J. Teitman, Salvatore T. M. Viscontini
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Patent number: 5248410Abstract: A feedstock comprising 10 to 15 wt % used motor oil is subjected to delayed coking to yield coke and distillate fractions.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1991Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Glenn A. Clausen, Christopher A. Paul
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Patent number: 5228978Abstract: The inventive solvent extraction process uses hydrotreated (HTR) and low sulfur (LSR) resids feedstreams in a single deasphalter unit and in a way that optimizes the disposition of the oils, resins, and asphaltene fractions of each resid for downstream processing. After the refractory asphaltenes are separated from the HTR feedstream, the LSR resid is introduced into the deasphalter so that its resin and asphaltene fractions are combined with the HTR resins. The oils fractions from the two resids are combined and then used as a feedstock for catalytic cracking.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1992Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: James L. Taylor, William I. Beaton, Jeffrey J. Kolstad
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Patent number: 5228981Abstract: A coking process wherein a heavy hydrocarbonaceous chargestock is mixed with a minor amount of coal and preheated to a temperature from about 500.degree. F. up to, but not including, coking temperatures. The pretreated mixture is then reacted in a coking zone at coking conditions.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1992Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: William N. Olmstead, Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 5200061Abstract: During delayed coking, channels are formed in the solid coke bed to facilitate cooling of the hot coke drum. A distributor device injects a fluid, preferably steam, directly into the coke drum during delayed coking. The fluid travels through the coke bed and forms a channel which eliminates an impervious zone in the mass of solid coke. The channel allows more efficient cooling of the drum and eliminates the problem of a "hot drum" which can occur during delayed coking.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1991Date of Patent: April 6, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventor: Salvatore T. M. Viscontini
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Patent number: 5174891Abstract: A nonair-blown low sulfur petroleum residual oil is combined with super finely divided particles of calcined premium coke, and the combination is subjected to delayed coking to produce isotropic coke containing reduced sulfur and having a low CTE ratio.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1991Date of Patent: December 29, 1992Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventor: Lloyd G. Becraft
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Patent number: 5167796Abstract: A premium coke is produced from a decant oil resulting from the catalytic cracking of petroleum oil by selectively hydrodesulfurizing the decant oil and then subjecting the hydrodesulfurized decant oil to delayed coking.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1989Date of Patent: December 1, 1992Assignee: Ucar Carbon Technology CorporationInventors: Rostislav Didchenko, Irwin C. Lewis
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Patent number: 5160602Abstract: A non air-blown low sulfur heavy aromatic mineral oil which does not produce acceptable isotropic coke when subjected to delayed coking is combined with an inorganic additive which promotes pyrolysis and which vaporizes during calcining and the combination is subjected to delayed coking to produce isotropic coke having a low CTE ratio. The isotropic coke is further processed (including calcination) to produce graphite logs used in nuclear reactors.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1991Date of Patent: November 3, 1992Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Lloyd G. Becraft, Edward J. Nanni
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Patent number: 5158668Abstract: Recarburizer coke containing not more than 0.1 weight percent sulfur and not more than 0.1 weight percent nitrogen is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation, thermal cracking, and delayed coking of a mixture of pyrolysis tar and petroleum distillate.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1992Date of Patent: October 27, 1992Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Bharat S. Chahar, John K. Shipley
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Patent number: 5128026Abstract: More uniform premium coke is obtained in a delayed coking process by oxygenating the latter portion of the premium coking feed introduced to the coking drum.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1991Date of Patent: July 7, 1992Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Bruce A. Newman, Lloyd G. Becraft
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Patent number: 5114564Abstract: An improved delayed coking process is described in which sludge and oxygen contact hot coke during the quench cycle at conditions which cause at least a portion of the organics contained in the sludge to oxidize. Preferably, a portion of the sludge is combusted and the heat generated is used to help remove, during the quench cycle, entrapped liquids contained in the coke bed and to enhance thermal conversion of hazardous materials contained in the sludge to less harmful materials.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1991Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventor: Shri K. Goyal
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Patent number: 5110449Abstract: A process is disclosed for sludge addition to a coking zone in which the sludge is contacted with oxygen. The sludge is then contacted with feed, liquid derived from the feed, or vapor derived from the feed. Oxygen also contacts the feed, liquid derived from the feed, or vapor derived from the feed to help maintain reaction temperature in the coking zone.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1991Date of Patent: May 5, 1992Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Dean G. Venardos, Shri K. Goyal
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Patent number: 5092982Abstract: Low sulfur isotropic coke is produced by the delayed coking of a mixture of a pyrolysis tar and a residual oil which has been solvent extracted to remove paraffinic components and then air-blown.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1990Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Conoco, Inc.Inventor: Lloyd G. Becraft
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Patent number: 5089114Abstract: A method for processing heavy crude oils comprising a) atmospheric distillation of a heavy crude oil having a high content of metals, asphaltenes and sulfur; b) solvent extraction of the atmospheric distillation residue to obtain an extract with characteristics equivalent to those which an atmospheric residue derived from light crude oil and a raffinate fraction, solid at ambient conditions, in which are concentrated the asphaltenes, metals and sulfur present in the original crude oil; c) vacuum distillation of the deasphalted extract, obtaining a light fraction or gas oils with characteristics adequate to be subjected to a secondary conversion process, plus a bottoms fraction or vacuum residue; d) treatment of the vacuum gas oils in a conversion stage and e) subjecting the bottoms of raffinate from the extraction stage to a metallurgical process, in admixture with cokeable coal and coke fines to production of metallurgical coke.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1989Date of Patent: February 18, 1992Assignee: Instituto Mexicano Del PetroleoInventors: Abel M. Tovar, Oscar H. B. Mendizabal, Leonardo M. Olmos, Carlos G. A. Sanchez, Roberto L. Lorenzo, Roldofo C. Barba, Rene H. Perez
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Patent number: 5078857Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for heating a coking feedstock to a temperature sufficient to effect coking of the coking feedstock in a coking drum, said process and said apparatus being characterized by the fact that the heating is conducted in a double fired heater in which the coking feedstock is heated by flames located on opposite sides of the tubing through which the feedstock flows. The process and apparatus allow for increased coke production and extended operating periods.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1990Date of Patent: January 7, 1992Inventor: M. Shannon Melton
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Patent number: 5068044Abstract: Piston deposits resulting from neutralizing combustion acids present in the lubricating oil circulating within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine are reduced or eliminated by first contacting the acids with a soluble weak base in the piston ring zone of the engine to form soluble neutral salts containing the weak base and the combustion acids. Thereafter, the neutral salts are contacted with a heterogeneous strong base immobilized within the lubrication system but outside of the piston ring zone. The strong base displaces the weak base from the neutral salts, returning the weak base to the oil for recirculation to the piston ring zone for further use. The remaining strong base/combustion acid salts are immobilized as deposits with the strong base rather than on the piston. In a preferred embodiment, trioctadecyl amine is the weak base and zinc oxide is the strong base. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the strong base is incorporated on a substrate, preferably a cement binder.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1990Date of Patent: November 26, 1991Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Darrell W. Brownawell, Warren A. Thaler, Eric Bannister, Paul K. Ladwig
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Patent number: 5059301Abstract: Recarburizer coke containing not more than 0.1 weight percent sulfur and not more than 0.1 weight percent nitrogen is prepared by severe catalytic hydrotreating, followed by thermal cracking, and delayed coking of vacuum gas oil obtained from the vacuum distillation of FCC decant oil.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1991Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: ConocoInventors: Keith M. Roussel, John K. Shigley
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Patent number: 5034116Abstract: The coarse-grain CTE of premium coke is reduced by increasing the nominal velocity of the volatile coking by-products in the coking drum to a higher level than the preexisting nominal velocity.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1990Date of Patent: July 23, 1991Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventor: Bruce A. Newman
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Patent number: 5028311Abstract: Premium coke having a low coefficient of thermal expansion and containing reduced fluff coke is obtained by subjecting an aromatic mineral oil to reduced temperature delayed coking, thereafter converting uncoked oil in the coke drum to coke under delayed coking conditions by continuing coking in the presence of a aromatic mineral oil capable forming coke admixed with a non-coking material circulated through the coke drum as a heating fluid. After termination of the heating fluid, the coke in the coke drum is subjected to a heat soak in the presence of a non-coking material at an elevated temperature preferably above the delayed coking conditions.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1990Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: John K. Shigley, Keith M. Roussel, Steve D. Harris
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Patent number: 5004533Abstract: A process for treating an organic stream containing a non-distillable component to produce an organic vapor stream and a solid which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the organic stream containing a non-distillable component with a hydrogen-rich gaseous steam having a temperature greater than the organic stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the organic stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to produce an organic vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; and (b) reacting at least a portion of the heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component in the presence of hydrogen in a pyrolysis zone to produce a thermally stabilized volatile organic stream comprising hydrogen and a solid.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1990Date of Patent: April 2, 1991Assignee: UOPInventors: Tom N. Kalnes, Robert B. James, Jr.
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Patent number: 4994169Abstract: A process and apparatus for the recovery of oil from aqueous oil refinery waste involves mixing the waste with a fluidizing oil and evaporating the water from the mixture in a plurality of stages. The dewatered mixture is fed to a delayed coking system in which a conventional coker feedstock is being used. The heavy hydrocarbon portion of the dewatered mixture changes to coke and light hydrocarbon material, the inert solids become trapped in the coke, and the fluidizing oil vaporizes. A stream of heavy coker gas oil is fed from a fractionator in the delayed coking system to a fluidizing tank where it is mixed with the sludge to define the fluidizing oil. Another hot stream of hydrocarbon material from the coker fractionator is sent to the evaporator section to provide the heat for evaporation.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1988Date of Patent: February 19, 1991Assignee: Foster Wheeler USA CorporationInventors: Rino L. Godino, John D. Elliott, Jr.
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Patent number: 4983272Abstract: A process for producing coke from a combined feed. The combined feed is initially provided as a first portion which comprises easily cokable components and a second portion which is essentially free of easily cokable components. The first portion is heated to a temperature lower than that normally employed by a coking heater in a delayed coking process. The second portion is heated to a temperature at which a combination of the first and second portion provides combined feed at coking temperatures. The combined feed is then subjected to coking conditions.The first portion, in one embodiment, may be comprised of a fresh feed and the second portion may be comprised of a coker recycle. In another alternative, a fresh feed and a coker recycle are combined and fractionated to produce the first portion and the second portion. The first portion may include components which boil above a temperature of about 900.degree. F., and the second portion may be essentially free of easily cokable components.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1988Date of Patent: January 8, 1991Assignee: Lummus Crest, Inc.Inventor: Napoleon Stavropoulos
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Patent number: 4968407Abstract: Wet refinery sludges are disposed of by feeding them into a delayed coking process. The sludge is fed to the blowdown drum of the delayed coking process and mixed with oil condensed from the coke drum overhead, and the resulting sludge-oil mixture is fed to the coke drum where it is converted into coke. In order to remove the water from the sludge, a portion of the sludge-oil mixture is heated and recirculated to the blowdown drum where it provides the heat for drying and heating the sludge. The recirculating sludge-oil mixture is heated by a low level heat source, such as one of the fluid streams taken off from the fractionator.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1988Date of Patent: November 6, 1990Assignee: Foster Wheeler USA CorporationInventors: Michael J. McGrath, Rino L. Godino
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Patent number: 4954240Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous feed, such as petroleum vacuum distillation bottoms, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process wherein a bottoms fraction from coking is passed to a slurry hydroconversion zone, and the bottoms fraction from the slurry hydroconversion zone is also passed thorugh a microfiltration system to remove catalyst particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1988Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Clarence M. Eidt, Jr., Clyde L. Aldridge, Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4946583Abstract: In a process for the liquefaction of coal under increased pressure and temperature in a liquefaction zone, it is recommended that the liquefaction product exiting the liquefaction zone is fed into a coking area, there cooling the gases and vapors produced, (which are mainly distillate oil vapors), preferably in direct heat exchange with the coal paste. The gases and vapors not condensed during this heat exchange are extracted from the unit as end products. The proposed type of process partially transfers oil production from the liquefaction zone to the coking zone, so that the liquefaction zone can be operated with low pressure. In addition, due to the direct heat exchange of the product vapors with the fresh coal paste, a great part of the exothermic heat created by the liquefaction reactions can be fed back into the process.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1985Date of Patent: August 7, 1990Assignee: GfK Gesellschaft fur Kohleverflussigung mbHInventor: Helmut Wurfel
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Patent number: 4927520Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperture greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream without indirect heat exchange and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions to increase the hydrogen content of the hydrocarbonaceous compounds contained in the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream; (c) condensing at least a portionType: GrantFiled: November 2, 1988Date of Patent: May 22, 1990Assignee: UOPInventors: Tom N. Kalnes, Robert B. James, Jr., Darrell W. Staggs
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Patent number: 4894144Abstract: A virgin heavy oil is hydrotreated, separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction which are separately delay coked to obtain (a) a coke product of low sulfur content suitable for use as recarburizer coke or for use in the manufacture of graphite electrodes used in the manufacture of steel and (b) a coke product of higher sulfur content suitable for use in electrodes employed in the manufacture of aluminum.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1988Date of Patent: January 16, 1990Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Bruce A. Newman, Bharat S. Chahar
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Patent number: 4882036Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous feed, such as petroleum vacuum distillation bottoms, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process wherein a bottoms fraction from coking is passed through a microfiltration system to remove coke fines, the filtrate passed to a slurry hydroconversion zone, and the bottoms fraction from the slurry hydroconversion zone is also passed through a microfiltration system to remove catalyst particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1988Date of Patent: November 21, 1989Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Clarence M. Eidt, Jr., Clyde L. Aldrige, Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4874505Abstract: Petroleum refinery waste stream sludges are recycled by segregating the sludges according to their oil content. Sludges of high oil content are injected into a delayed coking unit during the coking phase so that they are converted to coke and liquid coking products. High water content sludges are used to quench the coke during the quench phase of the coking cycle, with minimal increases in coke volatile matter. The process increases the capacity of the delayed coking unit to process and recycle refinery waste sludges and produce a coke of lower volatile content.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1988Date of Patent: October 17, 1989Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Mark P. Bartilucci, Grant G. Karsner, William J. Tracy, III
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Patent number: 4853106Abstract: Delayed coking process in which improved liquid yield is achieved by varying the rate at which the heavy feedstock is fed to the coke drum. Tandem operation of two active coking drums is disclosed which permits feedrate variation without change of load on furnace.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1987Date of Patent: August 1, 1989Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: J. Jay Grove, Grant G. Karsner
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Patent number: 4839023Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to more valuable products. The feedstock is introduced into a coking unit containing a coking zone and a scrubbing zone. The bottoms fraction from the scrubbing zone is passed through a microfiltration unit, thus removing fine coke particles which are recycled to the coking zone. The substantially solids-free filtrate is hydrotreated, then passed to a catalytic cracking unit.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1987Date of Patent: June 13, 1989Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Francis X. Mayer, William E. Lewis, Joseph P. Matula, David W. Staubs
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Patent number: 4836909Abstract: A process of thermally cracking a heavy petroleum oil wherein the heavy petroleum oil is treated successively in a cracking furnace and then in a perfect mixing type tank reactor. The thermal cracking in the cracking furnace is performed at a temperature at the outlet of the cracking furnace of 450.degree.-520.degree. C. with a conversion of at least 60-75% of the overall conversion rate while the thermal cracking in the tank reactor is performed at a temperature of 400.degree.-450.degree. C. a pressure of from ambient pressure to 1 kg/cm.sup.2 for a period of time of less than 30 minutes but not less than 10 minutes while feeding steam having a temperature of 435.degree.-700.degree. C. to the tank reactor in an amount of 8-20% by weight of the heavy petroleum oil fed to the cracking furnace.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1987Date of Patent: June 6, 1989Assignee: Research Association for Residual Oil ProcessingInventors: Itaru Matsuo, Yuzo Takahashi, Hideo Hashimoto, Toru Takatsuka, Takeru Iimori, Hitoshi Maekawa, Tamotsu Ito, Yoshihiko Shohji, Ryuzo Watari, Hiroshi Aida
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Patent number: 4834864Abstract: Disclosed is a process wherein a scrubber bottom stream from a fluid coker is departiculated by passing it through a microfiltration system. The substantially solids-free filtrate is then upgraded by hydrotreating.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1987Date of Patent: May 30, 1989Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Francis X. Mayer, William E. Lewis, Joseph P. Matula, David W. Staubs
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Patent number: 4832823Abstract: An improved coking process is described wherein a feedstock comprising residual oil is passed into a coking zone along with a highly aromatic oil such as pyrolysis tars or a decanted oil produced from a fluidized catalytic cracking zone in a concentration resulting in the feedstock having froma bout 5 to about 20 percent by weight of highly aromatic oil. The yield of coke is thereby reduced.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1987Date of Patent: May 23, 1989Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Shri K. Goyal, Gary S. Faagau
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Patent number: 4828682Abstract: This invention relates to a coking unit for producing coke articles of good quality from feed material heavy oils with a variety of properties and more specifically relates to a delayed coking unit comprising a heating furnace and coking drums connected in this sequence with piping. This invention is characterized in that an intermediate drum independently equipped with pressure and temperature controlling means is provided, said intermediate drum being small in volume in comparison with that of said coking drum, so that substantially all of the amount of products treated in said intermediate drum is supplied into the coking drum.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1987Date of Patent: May 9, 1989Assignee: Koa Oil Company, LimitedInventors: Kosaku Noguchi, Honami Tanaka, Heima Yamazaki, Yoshiharu Ohmoto
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Patent number: 4822479Abstract: Properties of premium coke are improved by coking the feed at a temperature lower than the normal coking temperature and thereafter subjecting the coke to a heat soak at substantially the same temperature as the temperature at which the coke was formed.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1987Date of Patent: April 18, 1989Assignee: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Ta-Wei Fu, Bruce A. Newman
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Patent number: 4818368Abstract: A process for treating a temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions to increase the hydrogen content of the hydrocarbonaceous compounds contained in the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream; (c) condensing at least a portion of the resuType: GrantFiled: October 28, 1987Date of Patent: April 4, 1989Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventors: Tom N. Kalnes, Robert B. James, Jr., Darrell W. Staggs