Abstract: A filtration device comprises a housing, a filtering apparatus, a first guide tube, a second guide tube, an impurities discharging tube and a valve. The filtering apparatus is provided therein with a swiveling spray tube pivoted thereto. The swiveling spray tube is provided in the wall thereof with bevel through holes. The housing is provided therein with a high pressure guide tube which has an inner end aligned with an axial hole of the swiveling spray tube and further has an outer end that is connected with a source of a high pressure washing fluid so as to allow the high pressure washing fluid to be injected into the swiveling spray tube for washing away impurities deposited on the inner wall surface of the filtering apparatus.

Abstract: An assembly for recovering crystals from a slurry comprises a filtration unit including a rotatably mounted cylindrical filter, a slurry input for receiving slurry pressurized by a pump. The filtration unit has an outlet for discharging crystalline material separated from the slurry by the filtration unit. A first hopper connected to the filtration unit at the discharge outlet thereof is provided at a downstream side with a first valve unit which is in turn connected to a second hopper on a downstream side. A second valve unit is coupled to the second hopper at a downstream side thereof. Each of the valve units includes a rotatably mounted dome shaped valve member. The second hopper is provided with a vent extending to a gas storage tank. A conduit links the hoppers to one another for substantially equalizing pressure in the hoppers prior to an opening of the upstream valve during a discharge procedure.

Abstract: A rotating drum filter assembly for thickening lime sludge includes a liquid jet distributor for directing liquid jets against a strip of lime sludge filter cake on the ascending side of the drum. The distributor is positioned on the ascending side of the drum and within 45.degree. of a vertical plane tangential to the drum peripheral surface. The liquid jets are directed so as to disperse the strip in a manner such that substantially all of the lime sludge comprising the strip remains on the drum. Cake wash water formed by water distributed from shower heads immediately refills the cleaned strip thereby minimizing loss of vacuum within the hollow drum interior.

Abstract: A ball valve having a valve body defining a ball valve chamber and having a longitudinal axis defined by inlet and outlet passages. A ball valve element is rotatably disposed in said valve chamber. The ball valve element has a diametrically disposed fluid passage and is operatively connected to a control lever for rotating the ball valve element between a closed position and an open position. A basket strainer is removably mounted in the ball element passage in the ball valve element. The ball valve is provided with an internal pilot fluid flush passage that connects an inlet port to the ball valve chamber, and a pilot fluid flush discharge port and discharge valve that communicate with the ball valve chamber. A flow control plug valve is movably mounted in the internal pilot fluid flush passage for selective allowing or preventing fluid flow therethrough.

Abstract: In a process for filtering plasma by separating blood into blood cells and plasma by a primary filter and filtering the separated plasma by a secondary filter to remove macromolecules from the plasma as harmful components, the loss of plasma to be discarded from the system by a procedure for eliminating plugging of the secondary filter can be diminished by opening an inner chamber of the secondary filter to the atmosphere to thereby lower the internal pressure of the chamber every time increase of the pressure to an upper limit value due to an increasing plugging tendency of the secondary filter is detected, and washing the interior of the secondary filter from the inner and outer chamber sides after the internal pressure has lowered.

Abstract: An improved strainer device has a screen which receives a solid/mixture from a feed container for separation. To insure that an uneven flow of the mixture over the screen does not occur due to, for example, a non-level mounting, inlet rushing or turbulence, a weir structure is provided which raises the water mixture level above the screen by a predetermined height.

Abstract: The wet cleaning of filter cartridges (4) in fluidised-bed apparatuses and similar process units, without their being dismantled, is carried out by means of cleaning fluid sprayed out of nozzle orifices (10) arranged in the form of a ring, the nozzle orifices (10) being installed in the filtered exhaust-gas space (7) and the filter cartridge (4) being moved through this ring of nozzle orifices (10) by a lifting device (17). In a preceding flushing cycle, the filter cartridge (4) is filled with cleaning fluid and is then subjected to an ultrasonic transmitter (26) and with pressure pulses. The nozzle orifices (10) are designed and arranged in such a way that the issuing cleaning jets strike the filter casing (5) tangentially at an angle of inclination .alpha. and thus set the filter cartridge (4) in rotation. The best possible cleaning effect is achieved by the rotation and lift of the filter cartridge (4).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for supporting and cleaning a mesh anode bag of the type having one open end, one closed end, and being sealed along its lateral sides, the bag containing particles of discharged active zinc therein along its inner surfaces after the separation thereof from a discharged zinc anode, the process comprising placing the bag over a device comprising a hollow body having a liquid inlet at a first end and a plurality of liquid outlets at a second opposite end, the device being contoured and sized to be overridden by the bag, with the inner surfaces of the bag being in proximity to the outer surfaces of the body, and the plurality of outlets adjacent to the closed end of the bag, causing a flow of liquid via the inlet and through the body to the outlets, whereby liquid passing through the outlets flows around the outer surface of the body and along the inner surfaces of the bag, to entrain and remove therefrom the particles of zinc, and separating the bag from the device, as well as p

Abstract: A continuous filtration device comprising a cylindrical filter rotationally driven around the axis thereof, a filtration tank in which an outer chamber having an inlet for a liquid to be cleaned and an inner chamber having an exit for a liquid filtrate are separated by the filter, a cleaning means disposed in the outer chamber for spraying a cleaning liquid at high pressure at an acute angle to a surface of a filter to be cleaned, and a guide plate disposed at a position on the side opposite to the cleaning means with respect to the surface to be cleaned for guiding obstacles removed by cleaning and detaching them from the filter. The filter can be automatically cleaned by spraying a liquid to be filtered, liquid filtrate or similar other liquid to the surface of the contaminated filter. The device is useful, for example, for filtration of marine fuel oils or lubricants.

Abstract: An energy efficient water purification system which maintains critical operating temperatures for effective reverse osmosis. The system includes hot and cold water inlets providing a flow of heated feed water, a regeneratable pre-treatment system for treating the heated feed water, a reverse osmosis machine for receiving the flow of pre-treated feed water heated to a given temperature to purify the feed water and discharge impurities in a discharge stream and feed the purified feed water to an outlet for end use, and a valve to control the temperature of the heated feed water entering the pre-treatment system, and an energy conserving apparatus comprising a valve arrangement which interrupts the heated water flow into the pre-treatment system and substitutes fresh unheated feed water during regeneration.

Abstract: A mud dehydrating system is provided. The system includes a table, a centrifugal dehydrating cylinder, endless upper and lower filter cloths, compressing rollers, and a cleaning and washing unit in combination. The cleaning and washing unit has swingable nozzles to spray a strong stream of water on the filter cloths. The cloths are pulled tight by tensioning rollers. Two front compressing rollers have long annular recesses formed therein, into which the filter cloths fit for increasing the mud mass to be compressed for dehydrating and preventing the mud mass from leaking out from the sides of the cloths. The tensioning rollers are moved by a pressure augmenting unit for maintaining a stable pulling force on the tensioning rollers to pull the filter cloths stably for a long period of time.

Abstract: A dirty swimming pool filter is journaled for rotation about a vertical array of nozzles and spun about a vertical axis by the action of the spray. The rotation can be fast enough that centrifugal forces aid in the cleaning operation by sloughing dirt off the outside of the filter. One version of the apparatus includes a second vertical array of nozzles external to the filter and directing a spray against the outer face of the filter, which aids in sloughing dirt off it. This second array is rotatable about its own vertical axis and can be used to control the rate of rotation of the filter being cleaned. A sealed bearing is provided at the base of the filter to allow free rotation about the first vertical array of nozzles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning a filter apparatus of the type having an atmospherically vented tank, a rotatable filter frame in the tank having filter material thereon providing one or more filter effluent compartments on the filter frame. An influent line supplies liquid containing suspended solids to the tank and a filtered effluent outlet communicates with the filter effluent compartment, and a spray wash device including spray nozzles is operable during a wash cycle to direct high pressure liquid spray at a side of the filter material on the filter frame in a spray zone. An air tight hood is mounted inside the tank and extends above the upper periphery of the filter frame to an open lower end below the spray zone.

Abstract: The grit conveyance system of a classifier having a wash region above the liquid layer is provided with a vacuum means in the wash region for positive removal of liquids through a metal screen for disposal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for washing a filter intended for cleansing a contaminated liquid and having a granular bed, a drainage system located beneath the bed, means for introducing first and second liquid flows into the bed, wherein the first liquid flow is operative to fluidize solely upper bed layers at least locally, and the second liquid flow is operative to fluidize the bed throughout the whole of its depth. The method teaches ejecting the flows of liquid selectively into the bed through orifices which are placed in the bed at a location between the highest point and the lowest point therein and which are substantially equidistant from the upper surface of the bed; and by introducing the first liquid stream into the upper layers of said bed in a smaller quantity and at a corresponding smaller rate than the second liquid stream, such that the bed layers located beneath these upper layers will be unaffected by the ongoing bed washing operation.

Abstract: A cylindrical plastic pipe is used as the sidewall of the rotary portion of the strainer. Apertures are drilled radially through the pipe, and one or more screen assemblies are circumferentially wrapped around the outside of and removably fastened to the pipe to cover the apertures. The central core of the strainer contains both supply and suction pipes. The supply pipe feeds cleaning and drive nozzles that are aimed at the pipe apertures. The cleaning nozzles are aimed radially for cleaning certain apertures. The drive nozzles are aimed tangentially toward a circumferential succession of other apertures near the bottom of the pipe to drive the rotary portion. In one embodiment the drive nozzles can rotate the rotary portion in either direction.

Abstract: A strainer device is disclosed for continuously separating liquids from a solid/liquid mixture, the strainer including a screen receiving said solid/liquid mixture and a container under reduced pressure disposed under the screen to collect the strained liquid. High pressure fluid is used to roll the solids off the screen to insure that the solids do not plug the screen. If recycled water is used, a spring-loaded nozzle is also provided which may be purged. The device may also be used for thickening a solid liquid mixture. Preferably an angled or conical screen is used.

Abstract: A screen assembly for use with a solids-liquid separation screen device that allows for simply replacement or adjustment of the screen assembly. The screen assembly includes an arcuately shaped screen held between pair of side panels. When installed, the screen assembly rest on a ledge formed on the inner walls of the solids-liquid separation device housing. The screen assembly is then securely held in position by a pair of clamps at the top of the screen and by a pair of springs at a lower rear portion of the screen.

Abstract: In order that higher demands on the purity of the separated liquid can be satisfied, a cleaning plant (12) having wash chambers (13a,b) for the cleaning of the filter plates (8) is arranged in longitudinal direction alongside of a filter press (1). By means of a transport device (30) having a displacement device (32) which is moveable along rails (31a) and is equipped with a raisable and lowerable gripper (37) which can be engaged via pawls with filter plates (8), the filter plates, after the opening of the filter press (1), are transported one after the other into the cleaning plant (12), sprayed in one of the wash chambers (13a, b) with simultaneous drawing off of the air or subjected to an immersion bath, possibly disinfected or impregnated, dried and transported back. By the development of the cleaning plant (12) with two wash chambers (13a, b), idle paths of the displacement device (32) are substantially avoided.

Abstract: A device for taking up fluids likely to foam, especially emulsions, with a suction system having a suction pipe through which the fluid is taken up at one end, the suction pipe having an aperture at the end thereof, and a first container attached at the one end of the suction pipe, the container of which opens upwards in the operative position of the device which is so arranged that, in the operative position, only the fluid inside the container may be taken up by the suction pipe, the container having at least one aperture in its wall that lies, in the operative position, partly beneath the fluid surface, and with a float for positioning an edge of the container, in the operative position, above the fluid surface, in which there is a second external container surrounding the first container which also opens upwards in the operative position of the device and is so arranged that, in the operative position, only the fluid inside the outer container flows into the inner container and which has in its wall at le

Abstract: The present invention is an automatic filter cleaning system which includes a solvent dewaxing filter which removes wax from a wax mix slurry and provides a filtrate. Status control apparatus is connected to the filter for affecting the operational status of the filter. Drain apparatus responsive to a control signal controls draining of the filter. Cleaning apparatus is also connected to the filter. A control network connected to the status apparatus, the draining apparatus and the cleaning apparatus controls those apparatus in a manner so as to allow selective changing of the status of the filter from an operational state to a down state to automatically drain the filter and clean the filter while the filter is in the down state.

Abstract: A method of rinsing a slurry contained between a pair of converging mesh belts comprising the steps of splitting the slurry into two streams, each stream adjacent one of the converging mesh belts, introducing a stream of rinsing fluid between the two slurry streams, the point of introduction of the rinsing fluid between the two slurry streams is not more than 12 inches before and not more than 72 inches after the slurry streams contact the converging mesh, and creating compressive forces within the pair of mesh belts, which compressive forces continue for a distance of at least 24 inches after introduction of the stream of rinsing fluid.

Abstract: A vibrating sieving unit for insertion into a housing to form a sieving filter. The vibrator directly vibrates the sieving cylinder reducing the buildup of filter cake for improved performance. A unique cleaning-in-place system is presented utilizing the fluid being filtered as the purging liquid. An alternate purge construction is also provided for use if the first purge route is blocked.

Abstract: A rollover type car wash and rinse machine which uses permeate from a reverse osmosis unit for a final rinse operation. The machine is operator controlled to wash and initially rinse cars with a spray arch using raw water and concentrate from the reverse osmosis unit. A final rinse can then be performed with a second spray arch using permeate alone, and only after a wash and initial rinse has been performed.

Abstract: A dewatering system for use in the treatment of waste water is disclosed which includes a tank, an inclined filter bed having a plurality of filter elements and components for inducing a flow of air through the filter bed to accelerate drying of the removed solids. Also disclosed are components for adjusting the angle of inclination of the filter bed and mechanical components for removing solids from the filter elements. In one embodiment, the filter bed is disposed within an upper unit mounted for rotation on the tank floor to facilitate cleaning of the filters. Adjusting the angle of inclination of the filter bed provides access from the frame, below, for cleaning the underside of the filter.

Abstract: A backwash strainer including a body, a strainer element having an inlet side contained in the body, and a space defined between the body and the strainer element. The body includes an inlet to the strainer element and an outlet from the annular space. A nozzle for directing cleaning fluid against the inlet side of the strainer element for dislodging particulate matter from the inlet side of the strainer element mounts to the body. A backwash arm for collecting the cleaning fluid and dislodging particulate matter mounts to the body. The backwash arm is positioned adjacent to and is in close proximity to the inlet side of the strainer element and the nozzle. The backwash arm has an axially extending slot defined by two spaced members having ends positioned adjacent to the nozzle. The backwash arm and the nozzle together may be moveable about a central axis relative to the strainer element.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for tangential filtration with filter cleaning in which a fluid to be filtered forms a liquid loop and circulates tangentially to one surface of a membrane at a pressure Ph in which a filtrate flows from the other surface of the membrane through a pipe, provided with a flow meter and a first valve, to a tank at atmospheric pressure Pa, filtration taking place by virtue of a positive transmembranal pressure Ph - Pa. In the filtration phase, the hydrodynamic pressure Ph is adjusted by means of a second regulable valve. During the filter cleaning phase the first valve is closed and at the same time the second valve is slightly opened, the second valve is suddenly opened, the first valve is opened and the second valve is progressively closed. The method and apparatus in particularly suited to the filtration of corrosive liquids.

Abstract: Organohalides are dehalogenated by bringing an organohalide or a mixture of two or more organohalides into contact with an alkali hydroxide in an alcoholic solution and in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a heterogeneous transfer hydrogenolysis catalyst. The process can be carried out at relatively low temperatures (50.degree.-150.degree. C.) and at low pressures.

Abstract: A dialyzer reprocessing device and method are disclosed. The device and method are of the type which include a dialyzer and means for cleaning the dialyzer by treatment with fluids. Included is a treating device for modifying the fluids prior to introduction into the dialyzer. The treating device includes means for directly injecting into the fluids electromagnetic radiation having a preselected frequency through a nonelectrically insulated conductor.

Abstract: A vibrating sieving unit for insertion into a housing to form a sieving filter. An air pressure operated vibrator directly vibrates the sieving cylinder to reduce the buildup of filter cake for improved performance. Tuning bars connected between the cover and the vibrator are structurally matched to the fluid being filtered and to the particular vibrating assembly to create a harmonic vibration and to thereby achieve a consistent, maximum vibration at a given, readily maintainable air pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for washing pulp according to which method the pulp is supplied onto a movable liquid-pervious support surface to form a substantially continuous layer; and washing liquid is supplied to the pulp layer and passed in several successive washing phases through different areas of the layer in such a way that the washing liquid gradually flows in the opposite direction compared with the flow direction of the pulp layer. According to the invention the washing liquid is divided in two or more partial flows which pass alternately through different washing phases in such a way that the washing liquid which in one phase has passed through the pulp layer flows past at least the washing phase preceding it in the flow direction of the pulp layer. The apparatus of the invention preferably includes a rotating cylinder having a casing surface of which serves as the liquid-pervious support surface for the pulp.

Abstract: A rotary self-cleaning strainer comprises a circular cylindrical walled pipe on which a circular cylindrical filter screen assembly is journaled for rotation. The pipe has an intake that is surrounded by the filter screen assembly and a discharge that is connected to a pump. When the strainer is placed in a body of water that is to be pumped, water is drawn through the screen that forms the sidewall of the filter screen assembly and enters the intake of the pipe. The filtered water is conducted through the PVC pipe and to the pump. Two sets of nozzles disposed within the filter screen assembly are supplied with return water through a supply line tapped into the pump outlet. The water is forcefully emitted against the screen to both rotate the screen assembly and dislodge adhering debris from the exterior of the screen. Each set of nozzles is 180 degrees from the other so that each acts upon a limited zone of the screen.

Abstract: A liquid intake assembly includes a filter member having a shower ring for removing solids from the outside surface of the filter member. The shower ring has an annular portion surrounding the filter member and a plurality of nozzle members for directing pressurized fluid in streams adjacent to and generally parallel to the outside surface of the filter member. The streams generate currents in the suspension removing the solids from the outside surface of the filter member.

Abstract: An automatically self-flushing filter for use on overhead sprinkler irrigation systems, and the like, is disclosed. The filter includes a hollow cylindrical body (20), a removable screen element (30) mounted within the body (20), and a plunger (40) suspended within the body (20) by a length of elastic tubing (50). The plunger (40) is positioned for reciprocal movement through a debris outlet (28)between a retracted or debris discharging position, wherein the outlet (28) gap has a maximum width, and a filtering position, wherein the outlet (28) gap is closed. The plunger (40) is moved to its filtering position by pressurized water flowing through the body (20). Simultaneously, the water is filtered through the screen element (30) and passes out the clean water outlet (37) while debris accumulates within the body (20). When the water supply is shut off and the water pressure decreases, the plunger (40) is retracted to its debris discharging position.

Abstract: A self-cleaning filter comprises a filter element and a housing. A cleaning unit, movable with respect to the filter element, removes filtered-out solids from the upstream face of the filter element. A movable cleaning element is engagable with the filter element. Indexing structure removes the cleaning element from the filter element for removing accumulated solids from the cleaning element while a second cleaning element engages the filter element for cleaning same in substitution for the first cleaning element.

Abstract: A filter apparatus having a plurality of filter zones that are disposed one above the other and have associated therewith at least one common unfiltered fluid channel and at least one common filtrate channel. Each filter zone has at least one filter sheet, which is provided on a filter element, serves for the deposition of a cake layer formed from at least one filtering aid, and separates a filtrate collection area that opens into the filtrate channel from a filling space disposed above the filter sheet. Provided for each filter zone is an annular distribution space, which extends about the central axis of the filter, opens into the filling space at its outer periphery, and in the region of the central axis of the filter communicates with the unfiltered fluid channel.

Abstract: A device which employs high pressure air to remove oil from a used oil filter of a motor vehicle. High pressure air directed into a central core of an oil filter forces out oil in the filter, thereby permitting the filter to be disposed of in an environmentally safe manner, without the concern that oil may leak from the filter and cause contamination.

Abstract: The disclosed filter element is a screen filter having a vane arranged on the outside surface of a screening element for improving the filtration of solid contaminants from a liquid undergoing filtration. A single cartridge screening element may be quickly cleansed with in a minimum time interval with raw water and without requiring the removal of the filtering element.

Abstract: The invention is a filter apparatus and method for separating suspended solids from fluids, particularly liquids. A filter chamber is defined inside a filter housing. Inside the chamber is a filter bundle, consisting of two or more filter screens, of a non-woven construction. Spaces between the filter screen strands provide channels for fluid to flow through the filter bundle along a tortuous path that is parallel to each screen. These spaces also define openings for directing a flushing fluid, such as air, in a crosswise direction through the filter screens. The crossflow path of the flushing fluid removes solid particles trapped in the channels of the filter screens.

Abstract: In a method and a device for preventing or breaking down a filter covering layer during the filtration of liquids with finely distributed constitutents therein in a cross-flow operation in which the liquid to be treated is conducted in a narrow overflow slot (SP) between a filter surface (PM) and a slot limiter surface (FM), the slot limiter surface (FM) is brought adhesively into areal contact with the developing filter covering layer (DS) in a periodic manner by means of relative motion relative to the filter surface (PM) and the filter covering layer (DS) is removed in a rinsing fashion from the filter surface (PM) by reactivating the overflow slot (SP) and overflowing the filter surface (PM) and the slot limiter surface (FM). The movable wall is formed by a foil membrane consisting of plastic which is clamped on the edge in a sealing manner in a surrounding housing.

Abstract: A dishwasher comprising a washing tub (18), conduits for supplying liquid by jets on articles to be washed in the tub, and surfaces for recollecting the liquid in a receptacle. A circulation pump is arranged to circulate liquid in a system comprising a liquid supplying conduit and a filter unit comprising a fine sieve portion (12a) having a wide, mainly horizontal surface. The horizontal fine sieve portion forms an upper wall for a chamber (11) in which inlet of the circulation pump as well as a heating element (15) for heating the liquid in the receptacle is placed. There is a connecting tube (17) extending through the fine sieve portion (12a) and having an upper end (17b) which is placed above the highest liquid level in the tub during normal operation whereas the lower end (17a) of the connecting tube is placed in the chamber (11) at a point which is so situated that the heating element during operation always is surrounded by liquid.

Abstract: A vibrating sieving unit for insertion into a housing to form a sieving filter. The sieving unit can be inserted into an installed casing of a filter unit by the use of a manifold plate. The vibrator directly vibrates the sieving cylinder reducing the buildup of filter cake for improved performance. A unique cleaning-in-place system is presented utilizing the fluid being filtered as the purging liquid.

Abstract: A cross flow filter apparatus and method uses an open tank having a first liquid retaining section, a second filter retaining section and a third solids collecting section in fluid communication with each other. A filter assembly is retained within the second section and includes a filter panel having a generally vertically disposed filter membrane surface, preferably with submicron pores. Filtrate is removed by applying low vacuum pressure, in the range of about 5 inches vacuum pressure (Mercury), in communication with the filter panel such that filtrate is drawn through the pores of the filter membrane surface at a flow rate Q.sub.out. Fluid to be filtered is cross flowing vertically downward across the filter membrane surface at a flow rate Q.sub.x, such that the horizontal velocity V.sub.h of fluid drawn through the filter membrane surface is less than the vertical velocity V.sub.v of the cross flowing unfiltered fluid.

Abstract: A dry cleaning solvent recovery and filtering system includes a dry cleaning solvent tank containing solvent for use in a dry cleaning machine. A filtration path from the tank includes a centrifugal separator for removing coarse debris and a filter element for removing fine debris from the solvent fluid. The filter element includes a perforated metal cylinder, having an open mouth, with a Teflon.RTM. coated screen forming the interior debris collection surface. A rinsing spray nozzle situated at the mouth of the filter element directs a fluid spray under pressure against the collection surface in the same direction that debris contaminated solvent fluid flows therethrough. The pressure of the fluid spray is sufficient to dislodge fine debris adhered to the collection surface without forcing the debris into the perforations of the filter element.

Abstract: This invention is an improved liquid distribution device and more particulary an elongated shower pipe which uses a reinforced, enclosed, curved vane and a plurality of uniquely designed spray outlets to evenly dispense a controlled, continuous thin sheet of liquid spray, having a substantially equal rate of application, velocity, pressure, consistency, and thickness, across a width of a rotary drum, the spray having a uniform, somewhat staggered and overlapping spray pattern. The enclosed curved vane significantly resists breakage when impacted against a pulp buildup and prevents debris from disrupting the spray pattern.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic filter is provided in a form that includes a closed vessel having an inlet plenum, a central filtering region, and an exit plenum. The central filtering region includes a plurality of magnet filter tubes arranged in a substantially uniform array that is supported in a manner which achieves satisfactory filtering, minimizes fluid pressure drop, and permits easy cleaning.

Abstract: A horizontally mounted cylindrical container is adapted to mount through demountable end plates a cartridge filter in the container through demountable end plates for rotation around a lower axis than the center axis of the container. The combination of container and filter is connected in an aqueous system through a top inlet pipe and hand controlled valve and a lower front end plate outlet, and to a source of pressure cleaning media through an upper quadrant valve controlled turnable tube slidably mounted through a rear plate inlet and supported in the container by a combination track and baffle member fixed to the container top. A nozzle fixed to the free end of the pressure media tube jets cleaning media against the filter to rotate it alternately in both directions of rotation and for its full length. A second inlet pipe and valve is fixed to the top inlet pipe a chemical cleaning soak in baffled minimum amounts because of the baffling and filter mounting below the center of the container.

Abstract: In a method and a device for the widespread fine-bubble aeration of liquids, resilient, perforated membranes, which are preferably in the form of aeration hoses, are arranged in a liquid receptacle and are maintained horizontal by means of holding and guiding devices and are stretched, relative to their rest states, preferably by means of tensioning devices. Because of the stretching, the passage of the gas is improved and a uniform, finely dispersed gas bubble formation is produced. For clearing the perforated membranes of blockages of the perforations, the streteched state of the membranes is briefly released and subsequently again reproduced. For strong impurities, the gas supply is interrupted, the membranes are exhausted of gas and water, the stretched state is subsequently released and, after a predetermined time, gas is again fed into the perforated membranes and then the stretched state is reproduced.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for filtering a suspension including particulates and increasing the concentration of retainable matter wherein the suspension is drawn through the filter in a manner such that a portion of the suspension is subjected to a negative pressure which pulls it away from the filter membrane and permits it to pass through the filter unit without going through the membrane and a portion of the suspension is subjected to a positive pressure which causes it to pass through the filter membrane before exiting the filter unit, thereby creating a permeate. The invention involves regulation of flow rates to achieve a ratio of the pressures so that when some of the particulate matter from the portion of the suspension passing through the filter membrane becomes effective in decreasing flux, the negative pressure will serve to pull the particulate free and unclog the filter membrane on a continuous and automatic basis, thus allowing prolong filtration time with maximal flux.

Abstract: A system for continuously or periodically flushing collected particles from filter leaf assemblies without interrupting the filtering operation is disclosed. The filter leaf assemblies are constructed from a pair of like grid-like filter media support panels mounted in spaced parallel relationship within a rigid rectangular peripheral frame. Sheets of filter media overlie the outer surfaces of the support panels and are fixedly sealed to the frame around the entire periphery of the panel. One side of the frame is fixedly mounted to an outlet pipe whose interior communicates with the space between the support panels via mating slots in the pipe wall and frame. Two filter media attachment arrangements and two frame to pipe mounting arrangements are disclosed.