Abstract: An auto drain valve 100 comprises a valve body 222 wherein a piston 111 having a piston rod 08 with sealing disk 07 and sealing member 03 which is movable within said valve body 222 wherein air vent 30 and liquid outlet 40 and closes simultaneously. Further the valve body 222 is connected to the bowl 10; valve body 222 consisting of air vent 30, liquid inlet 40? and liquid outlet 40; moveable piston 111, solenoid coil 9 surrounding the piston rod 08; spring 01 and spring 02 resiliently biasing on the Piston 111 seal air vent 30 and liquid outlet 40 in its de-energized condition; when the solenoid coil 09 is energized and Piston 111 moves away from air vent 30 and liquid outlet 40 simultaneously, liquid is drained form bowl 10 through liquid inlet 40? into valve body 222 and drained out form liquid outlet 40.

Abstract: A filter cartridge includes a threaded sleeve having a seal holder recess and seal member. The filter cartridge is for removably threading onto a filter head that includes threads for connection to the filter cartridge by way of the threaded sleeve. The filter head includes a ramp that engages the seal member to form a seal. The force needed to make the seal is a torque of less than 10 N-m.

Abstract: A filter system is provided with a housing provided with a cover. The housing has a raw liquid inlet, a clean liquid outlet, and a liquid drain. A filter element is provided that separates a raw side from a clean side. A slide valve with a valve rod and a sealing head is provided, wherein the sealing head is arranged such that the liquid drain of the housing is closable but openable. A coupling is arranged between the sealing head and the valve rod, providing an axial securing action of the valve rod at the sealing head and a radial securing action, separate from the axial securing action, of the valve rod at the sealing head. A slide valve for such a filter system as well as a sealing head and a valve rod for such a slide valve are provided.

Abstract: A filtration system includes a housing and a filter element positioned within the housing. The housing includes a first housing end and a second housing end. A drain opening is defined in the second housing end. The filter element includes a first endplate and a second endplate defining an endplate opening. Filter media is positioned between and extending axially between the first endplate and the second endplate. The filter media defines a central opening extending axially therein. A drain plug axially protrudes from the second endplate in a direction away from the filter media. The drain plug is configured to engage the drain opening and facilitate installation of the filter element into the housing. A lid is configured to engage the first housing end. The engagement between the lid and the first housing end occurs when the drain plug is disposed within the drain opening.

Abstract: An integrated device including a vessel, a gas reservoir, a pressure regulation device, a primary filter, and a tap assembly. The vessel is configured to contain a beverage. The gas reservoir is configured to supply pressurized gas within the vessel. The pressure regulation device is configured to maintain an infusing pressure within the vessel and also a dispensing pressure within the vessel. The primary filter is configured to hold solid brewing media, to fit inside the vessel, and to be removable from the vessel. The tap assembly is configured to dispense the beverage from the vessel. Methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A water flowing structure is provide and comprises a double-way main body, a main water channel, a water inlet, main water outlets and the like, detachably mounted single-way connectors are respectively arranged at two ends of the double-way main body, a secondary water channel penetrating through along a shaft axis is formed in each single-way connector, each secondary water channel communicates with the main water channel, and each single-way connector is provided with a secondary water outlet communicated with the corresponding secondary water channel; a main adjusting switch is arranged between each single-way connector and the double-way main body; and a secondary adjusting switch is arranged in each single-way connector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a draining device for discharging the water contained in a fuel filter manifold, including a draining solenoid valve comprising a valve body (1?, 2?) provided with a draining channel (17?), a coil winding (10?), a piston (8?, 12?) arranged such as to be movable between a passive position for closing the draining channel (17?) and an active opening position allowing the water to be drained, the movement of the piston being controlled by the coil, characterized in that the valve body includes a first portion (1?) that is integral with the manifold of said filter, the coil (10?) and the electric circuit (3?) being embedded by molding in said first portion (1?) and a second portion (2?) removably mounted on the lower end of the first portion (1?) and provided with the draining channel (17?).

Abstract: A filter may include ac over defining a chamber and an annular filter element arranged within the chamber. The filter may also include a housing and at least one intermediate piece arranged between the cover and the housing when the cover is screwed to the housing. An inlet duct may be in communication with an untreated side of the filter element and an outlet duct may be in communication with clean side of the filter side of the filter element and an outlet duct may be in communication with a clean side of the filter element. A drainage duct may be arranged in the housing for draining the chamber during removal of the cover. A closure device may be arranged in the intermediate piece and have a closure element configured to close the drainage duct.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing valve comprises a module, a discharge orifice, a valve stem and a filter. The module has a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a fluid passage connecting the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The discharge orifice is in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. The valve stem extends into the fluid passage to close-off the discharger orifice. The filter is disposed within the fluid passage and surrounds the valve stem.

Abstract: A filter element includes filter media, first and second end caps, a latch arrangement projecting from the first end cap, a tubular neck extending from the first end cap and a valve head oriented within the first end cap aperture constructed and arranged to move between a position sealing the first end cap aperture and exposing the first end cap aperture. A filter assembly includes a filter element, as characterized herein, and including a filter base and a service cover. A method of servicing includes removing an old filter element, operably mounting a new filter element in a filter base including engaging a valve head against a spring member in the filter base, and operably mounting the service cover over the new filter element and filter base.

Abstract: A bottled water filtration system for use with a water bottle, the system having a bottle cap, a nozzle formed in a first side of the bottle cap, a porous filter housing formed on a second side of the bottle cap, and a filter material located inside the porous filter housing, wherein the cap, nozzle and filter housing are formed as an integrated unit, which can be attached and removed from a water bottle as a unit. The system is preferably used with a disposable plastic water bottle. Additionally, the system may include a rotatable counter for keeping track of the number of effective uses remaining in the filter system. Also, a one-way air valve may be included to prevent “backwash.

Abstract: A filter cartridge for a filtration system including an outer shell having a first end and a second end, an inlet and an outlet located on the first end, and at least one cam track located on the outer shell. The cam track including a first opposing surface and a second opposing surface forming a channel having an entry portion and an exit portion. The first opposing surface including a locating detent. The second opposing surface including a first advancing cam positioned before an indexing stop and a second advancing cam positioned after the indexing stop in a direction of travel from the entry portion to the exit portion.

Abstract: Debris adhering to the outer surface of a barrel-type fish screen is cleared by air bursts from a series of perforated air pipes positioned inside the outer foraminous shell of the screen, the perforations being holes with axes at an acute angle to the screen radius for efficient use of the air. Separately, the conical water collection manifold mounted inside the shell is open at its narrow end, with a valve mounted to that open end to control the opening. The opening prevents reduced water inflow at that end of the manifold, and the valve adjusts the access of the surrounding water to the opening, thereby allowing the manifold to be tuned to more closely approach a uniform distribution of axial water flow along the length of the collection manifold for different ambient conditions.

Abstract: A filter assembly comprises a filter housing (23) into which a filter element is insertable. A core element (38) is provided extending within the housing (23). The filter assembly comprises a coupling assembly (200) that is insertable into the housing (23), the coupling assembly (200) comprising a leaf spring (201) having a span larger than an internal diameter of the filter housing (23), such that when the leaf spring (201) is inserted into the filter housing (23) the outer edge of the leaf spring (201) engages an inner surface of the filter housing (23) and the leaf spring (201) bulges in the direction of insertion of the leaf spring into the housing, preventing removal of the leaf spring, in a direction opposite to the insertion direction, from the filter housing (23), the coupling assembly (200) comprising a connecting part for connecting the core element (38) to the coupling assembly (200).

Abstract: A fluid filter is described, which includes a housing having a first end portion defining fluid inlet and fluid outlet areas, a filter media disposed in the housing, having inlet surfaces communicating with the fluid inlet and outlet surfaces communicating with the fluid outlet, and a relief valve assembly for selectively opening a filter bypass connecting the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The relief valve assembly has a media plug for anchoring it in the filter media, the media plug having a bypass aperture connecting to the fluid outlet, and a valve element secured to the media plug. The valve element has a valving portion cooperating with the bypass aperture in the media plug for resiliently closing the bypass aperture when an inlet fluid pressure is below a threshold pressure, and for opening the bypass aperture when the inlet fluid pressure is above the threshold pressure.

Abstract: A device for the dosed transfer of filtered softened water inside boilers of household appliances includes a tank, a cartridge including a water softening agent, a double drain pipe with vertical axis.

Abstract: A filter and filter element is provided that incorporates a valve member for preventing priming fluid from contaminating a clean fluid side of the filter or filter element. The filter may incorporate a replaceable filter element or be replaceable itself. The valve member is preferably formed as an annular flange of a grommet mounted to an end cap of the filter element. The annular flange sealingly engages with the end cap and closes a clean fluid outlet port in a relaxed state and opens the clean fluid outlet port in a deformed state.

Abstract: A filter element includes filter media, first and second end caps, a latch arrangement projecting from the first end cap, a tubular neck extending from the first end cap and a valve head oriented within the first end cap aperture constructed and arranged to move between a position sealing the first end cap aperture and exposing the first end cap aperture. A filter assembly includes a filter element, as characterized herein, and including a filter base and a service cover. A method of servicing includes removing an old filter element, operably mounting a new filter element in a filter base including engaging a valve head against a spring member in the filter base, and operably mounting the service cover over the new filter element and filter base.

Abstract: A variable wash flow filter assembly includes guide that is operable to guide a wash velocity control cone between a minimal position and a maximum position. The guide defines at least one activation deltaP window downstream of a conical gap between the wash velocity control cone and a frusto-conical wash filter. The fuel flow through the conical gap and the activation deltaP window is operable to position the wash velocity control cone between the minimal position and maximum position to selectively split a fuel flow through an inlet into a burn flow through a thru flow port and a filtered flow thru the frusto-conical wash filter and filtered flow port.

Abstract: A filter element for filtering liquids or gases, having a concentrically arranged filter medium with zigzag pleats. The filter medium is provided with end disks on its axial end faces, each end disk having an inside that is connected to the filter medium and an outside that faces away from the filter medium. At least a first end disk carries a valve element which is situated concentrically inside the filter medium. This valve element includes a valve seat which bulges outward above the plane of the outer side of the end disk. The valve element includes a valve body which cooperates with the valve seat and which is arranged on the first end disk so that it is axially movable and is inside of and surrounded by the filter medium.

Abstract: A liquid filter assembly is provided. The preferred assembly includes a serviceable filter cartridge having a primary filter section and a secondary or bypass filter section. The preferred assembly includes a bypass valve arrangement and a suction filter arrangement. A valve, to allow flow from an interior of the assembly to a reservoir if needed, is provided. Preferred serviceable filter cartridges are shown.

Abstract: A filter is provided having a housing that includes a cavity. A center tube includes first and second ends spaced from one another. A seat extends radially from the center tube and is arranged between the first and second ends. A media pack is arranged within the cavity and supported on the seat such that the center tube extends through a central opening of the media pack. An anti-drainback valve is supported on the seat and is in sealing engagement with the center tube and the media pack. The housing includes a tapping plate that provides an inlet and outlet. An annular lip of the anti-drainback valve is in sealing engagement with the tapping plate when in a closed position in which the engine is shut off.

Abstract: A filter and filter element is provided that incorporates a valve member for preventing priming fluid from contaminating a clean fluid side of the filter or filter element. The filter may incorporate a replaceable filter element or be replaceable itself. The valve member is preferably formed as an annular flange of a grommet mounted to an end cap of the filter element. The annular flange sealingly engages with the end cap and closes a clean fluid outlet port in a relaxed state and opens the clean fluid outlet port in a deformed state.

Abstract: A liquid filter assembly is provided. The preferred assembly includes a serviceable filter cartridge having a primary filter section and a secondary or bypass filter section. The preferred assembly includes a bypass valve arrangement and a suction filter arrangement. The suction filter arrangement preferably includes a dimensionally biased valve arrangement, preferably one which is devoid of a helical coiled spring, to control flow through the suction filter. A flow/pressure regulation valve, to allow flow from an interior of the assembly to a reservoir if needed, is preferably provided. Preferred serviceable filter cartridges are shown.

Abstract: A filtering device for filtering liquids in internal combustion engines has a filter housing and a filter element inserted into the filter housing. A cover disk closes off the filter housing. The cover disk consists of two individual disks and a central flow connection connects the two individual disks. The two individual disks and the flow connection form a common plastic component.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a new fluid filter system including, but not limited to, structure for enabling a filter cartridge to be installed and removed from a manifold with a straight line push/pull motion, an innovative latching mechanism and an innovative water manifold, the latching mechanism providing a unique mechanism interface between an innovative manifold and a filter cartridge, the latching mechanism providing a compact and simple mechanism between the innovative manifold and the filter cartridge that significantly reduces the installation and removal force previously found with fluid filtration cartridges by including a low force filter cartridge installation and removal mechanism for utilization by the end consumer and the manifold assembly includes an inlet and an outlet port, the manifold assembly having structure for maintaining a substantially constant volumetric cavity of the fluid filtration system that contains fluid during installation and operation of the filter therein and remov

Abstract: A fluid filtration system is disclosed comprising a manifold assembly comprising a mounting bracket, an alignment collar connected to the mounting bracket, and a latch assembly moveable with respect to the mounting bracket and alignment collar. The system further comprises a filter cartridge comprising a filter cartridge outer surface and a cartridge latching structure formed on the filter cartridge outer surface to interact with the latch assembly. When the filter cartridge is aligned with the alignment collar and inserted into the manifold assembly, the filter cartridge is (i) latched into the manifold assembly by translating the filter cartridge into the manifold assembly to cause movement of the latch assembly to engage the cartridge latching structure; and (ii) unlatched from the manifold assembly by translating the filter cartridge into the manifold assembly to cause movement of the rotating latch assembly to disengage the cartridge latching structure.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a valve main body of a hollow tubular shape, a needle valve provided to the valve main body in a slidable manner, a valve seat opposing the needle valve to form a seat portion and having an injection hole formed downstream of the seat portion, and a guide portion provided upstream of the seat portion to guide the needle valve. An annular passage communicating in a circumferential direction is defined between the inner peripheral surface of the valve main body and the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion and a fuel passage through which to introduce a fuel from the annular passage to the seat portion is defined. An almost cylindrical filter to trap foreign matter heading toward the fuel passage is provided to the annular passage.

Abstract: A variable wash flow filter assembly includes a wash velocity control cone movable between a minimal position and a maximum position.

Abstract: A valve assembly that is useable with a fuel filter housing to control the flow of fuel through the fuel filter housing. The valve assembly comprises two primary parts that are connected together via a snap connection, and when the valve assembly is installed on the fuel filter housing, means on the fuel filter housing prevent disconnection of the snap connection. One or both of the primary parts of the valve assembly can be provided with a tamper evident feature that will indicate whether someone has tried to remove or disassemble the valve assembly.

Abstract: A “no filter, no run” filtration system that is designed to verify that an appropriate filter cartridge is installed. A flow control sleeve is provided on a standpipe to control the flow of fluid, for example fuel, into the standpipe. The sleeve can be axially moveable between closed and open positions, with one or more members on an installed filter cartridge designed to release the sleeve to permit the movement from the closed position to the open position to allow fluid flow. A spring acts on the sleeve to bias the sleeve back to the closed position upon removal of the filter cartridge. The sleeve can also be designed without axial movement, but nonetheless is configured to be opened and closed to control fluid flow into the standpipe.

Abstract: A filter in some embodiments of the invention includes: a housing defining an interior chamber substantially sealed from outside of the housing; a valve located in the chamber biased to a first position where the valve maintains a seal between the interior chamber and outside of the housing; and an anchor fixed to the housing defining a surface for a spring to urge against and bias the valve to the first position and be compressed against when a receiver enters into the housing a moves the valve to a second position, the anchor defining, at least in part, flow paths wherein a pressurized fluid within the housing can communicate with an interior of the receiver to equalize a pressure within the chamber and the interior of the receiver; and a nipple attached to the housing having an interior passageway configured to permit the receiver to pass through in a substantially sealed manner. A method of attaching a filter to a filter receiver is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel filtration apparatus for use in an internal combustion engine comprises an interrupter valve in a flow path from an inlet port of a filter head to a compliant filter. The interrupter valve has an open state and a closed state. In the open state a protruding member of the filter depresses a bottom end of the valve and opens the flow path when the compliant filter is connected to the filter head. The interrupter valve also has a closed state wherein the flow path is closed in the absence of the protruding member of the filter (as with a non-compliant filter).

Abstract: The present invention prevents foreign matter from infiltrating into a control valve and enables reduction in the cost of the valve. A strainer is mounted on an attachment portion of a valve sleeve, and a valve spool is disposed in the sleeve so as to be free to slidably advance and retreat. The strainer includes engagement portions m1 contacting first contact sites ?1 and ?2 formed on the attachment portion and a contact portion contacting second contact sites ?3 and ?4 formed on the attachment portion. Since the strainer includes the engagement portions m1 in contact with the first contact sites ?1 and ?2 and the contact portion in contact with the second contact sites ?3 and ?4, the sleeve has sufficient sealing contact with the strainer 73 at the first and second contact sites ?1 to ?4.

Abstract: The filter device (10) is provided with a drain device (50) provided with a main body (51) and a plug (60). The main body (51) has a first opening (51a) which communicates to the outer side of a housing (20), a second opening (51b) which communicates with an inner side (42a) of a filter element (40), and a third opening (56) which communicates with a first channel (51c) communicating to the first opening (51a) and the second opening (51b) and a space (B) between the filter element (40) and the housing (20). The plug (60) is held within the first channel (51c), and is movable between a first position (P1) at which fluid is not discharged from the housing (20), and a second position (P2) at which fluid is discharged from the housing (20). The plug (60) is provided with a second channel (65) that communicates with the first channel (51c) and communicates with the outer side of the housing (20) when in the second position (P2).

Abstract: A “no filter, no run” filtration system that is designed to verify that an appropriate filter cartridge is installed. A flow control valve is provided on a standpipe to control the flow of fuel into the standpipe. The valve has a component that has a first position at which any flow through the flow passage past the valve is insufficient to permit engine operation, and a second position at which a greater amount of flow through the flow passage is permitted by the valve in an amount sufficient to permit engine operation, and the component rotates about the longitudinal axis when it moves from the first position to the second position and from the second position to the first position.

Abstract: A filter with installation integrity permits fluid flow only in a first installation condition and not in a second undesired or mis-installation condition, including improper alignment or mounting of a filter element in a housing, an incorrect replacement filter element, absence of a filter element, and an incorrect housing cover. A magnetically actuated valve has a piston controlling fluid flow according to installation condition.

Abstract: A filter, comprising: a housing defining an inner cavity; an inner sleeve disposed within the housing, the inner sleeve having portions in a spaced relationship with respect to the an interior surface of the inner cavity; a plurality of tab members extending away from the inner sleeve, the tab members being configured to be removably secured to a feature of a cap, the cap being configured to engage the housing to provide a first position and a second position with respect to the housing, wherein the first position seals the inner sleeve to the housing and a fluid filtration path from an inlet of the filter to an outlet of the filter is defined by the inner sleeve and the second position provides a fluid drain path through an opening in the cap, the fluid drain path being closed when the cap is in the first position; and a filtration media disposed within an interior area of the inner sleeve, wherein the filtration media is disposed in the fluid filtration path and fluid flow through the outlet opening must pa

Abstract: The injection valve has a housing and a cavity with a fluid inlet portion and a fluid outlet portion, a valve needle axially movable in the cavity, the valve needle preventing a fluid flow in a closing position and releasing the fluid flow in further positions, and a spring element mechanically coupled to the needle and designed to exert an axial force on the needle. The adjusting and filter arrangement is arrangeable in the cavity between the inlet and outlet portion and has a filter element formed as a filtration body block and designed to filter the fluid, an adjusting element rigidly coupled to the housing and to preload the spring element and formed as an outer casing for the filter element, and a spring guiding element extending in axial direction and engaging the spring element, wherein the adjusting element and the spring guiding element form a one-piece element.

Abstract: A filter cartridge with a valve actuating protrusion having a sliding surface that is configured to engage with a valve, with the sliding surface being tapered so that a first portion of the sliding surface that engages the valve is wider than a second portion of the sliding surface that engages the valve, and the sliding surface is configured so that the first portion engages the valve before the second portion. The valve, which can be in any fluid passage of a filter housing, includes a plurality of spring arms. Engagement between the spring arms and the sliding surface creates a lifting force which opens the valve.

Abstract: A fuel injector for fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines includes a solenoid coil, a tubular support acting as inner pole of the solenoid coil, and a filter element, the filter element being press-fitted with an outer contour of the tubular support of the fuel injector.

Abstract: A filter with installation integrity permits fluid flow only in a first installation condition and not in a second undesired or mis-installation condition, including improper alignment or mounting of a filter element in a housing, an incorrect replacement filter element, absence of a filter element, and an incorrect housing cover. A magnetically actuated valve has a piston controlling fluid flow according to installation condition.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for substantially reducing or eliminating pressure pulsations caused by the opening and closing of fuel injectors. A preferred embodiment provides a restriction orifice adjacent the inlet end of a fuel injector filter of a respective fuel injector.

Abstract: A reusable remote filter having a can-like body, a tubular woven metal mesh filter element fitting concentrically within the can-like body, and a cap having the first and second threaded openings therein, the cap being threadedly assembleable to the can-like body, the first threaded opening being in fluid communication with a first port at a right angle thereto, the first port flaring outwardly to be substantially of the same diameter as the inner diameter of the tubular woven metal mesh filter element when the reusable remote filter is assembled, the second threaded opening being in fluid communication with the periphery of the tubular woven metal mesh filter element around substantially the entire periphery of the tubular woven metal mesh filter element.

Abstract: A filter arrangement for liquids has a filter housing with a bottom part and a top part. A cylindrical filter element is inserted axially into the filter housing. At least one seal that, after assembly of the filter arrangement, effects closure of at least one return device for unfiltered liquid to be filtered is provided. The at least one seal is a beak valve arranged in the filter housing, wherein the at least one seal prevents return of unfiltered liquid as well as of filtered liquid of the filter element.

Abstract: One advantageous embodiment of the invention is a filter device (10) for filtering a fluid and providing three or more substantially continuous directions of flow therethrough. The filter device (10) includes a housing (12) having an entry port (18) and an exit port (20). The housing (12) has a filter medium (22) disposed therein for filtering the fluid that flows along a filtration-flow direction (24a) from the entry port (18) to the exit port (20). The filter medium (22) has a bi-directional valve (28) coupled thereto for selectively directing the fluid along a bypass-flow direction (24b) and a reverse-flow direction (24c) that is generally opposite to said bypass-flow direction (24b). The bypass-flow direction (24b) extends from the entry port (18) to the exit port (20) in bypass of the filter medium (22). Also, the reverse-flow direction (24c) extends from the exit port (20) to the entry port (18).

Abstract: A fuel injector including a filter 30 provided within the tip portion 12 of the injector body 10, down stream of the fuel inlet port 14 and upstream of the spray aperture 14. The filter 30 is in the form of a hollow truncated cone with a base region 32 having an outer diameter dimensioned to be a press fit against the inner sides of the tip portion 12 such that the filter is a press fit within the tip portion. The top or upper region of the cone terminates in an aperture 34 through which the pintle 16 passes, the aperture having an inner diameter dimensioned to be a close sliding fit over the pintle 16.

Abstract: A filter assembly is provided that includes a hood, a drain manifold, a filter disposed between the hood and the drain manifold, a drainage space that is disposed between and in fluid communication with both the filter medium and the drain manifold, a check valve that is configured to permit air to escape but not to enter the drainage space so that a siphon can be established that draws additional fluid through the filter medium and into the drain manifold, the siphon continuing until air entering the hood disrupts the siphon, and a check valve cap that is configured to permit air to escape the check valve while preserving an air-filled void above the check valve when the filter assembly is submerged.

Abstract: A fuel supply for a fuel cell including a fuel container and an impurity removal cartridge connected to the fuel container, where both the fuel container and the impurity removal cartridge are integrated into a single unit.

Abstract: An improved residential countertop water treatment unit for producing potable water suitable for human ingestion such as by drinking or cooking that comprises a vertical arrangement of a base, a cartridge, and a spigot at the top. The base includes an elongated threaded stub pipe extended downward for fastening the base to a sink surface or countertop and for receiving water from a potable cold water supply line. The base includes an internal valve for controlling water flow between the elongated threaded stub pipe and the inlet of the water filter cartridge. With the valve closed, the cartridge may be readily exchanged by simply unscrewing the spent cartridge from the base and then screwing in a new cartridge.