Abstract: A process for purifying extracted oil, byproducts, and wastewater, including the steps of: providing a composition having at least one solvent, an alkaline agent, a deflocculant, at least one surfactant selected from the group comprising an alkoxylated alcohol surfactant, an alkylamino-polyethoxy-sulfate surfactant, a polyether-phosphate ester surfactant, a surfactant that is a phosphate ester of an ethoxylated alcohol, and a surfactant that is a polyethyleneglycol monoaklyl ether, and a bonding agent; and associating the composition with at least one of extracted oil, byproducts, and wastewater—including, but not limited to, froth, middlings, tailings, mature fine tailings, solids, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cost effective method of clarifying wastewater. The method comprises the steps of providing wastewater and adding a substance to the wastewater. The substance comprises a porous particulate material. The porous particulate material may be perlite, and the substance may additionally comprise a coagulant.

Abstract: A process according to various approaches includes flushing an intermediate transfer line between the extract stream transfer line and the desorbent stream transfer line away from the adsorptive separation chamber to remove residual fluid from the intermediate transfer line. The process may include directing the residual fluid flushed from the intermediate transfer line to a downstream separation apparatus to separate components of the residual fluid.

Abstract: In a process for separating components in a feed stream by simulated countercurrent adsorptive separation, the process according to various aspects includes withdrawing an extract stream through one transfer line that contains residual fluid away from the adsorptive separation chamber. The process also includes directing an initial portion of the extract stream, including at least a portion of the residual fluid withdrawn through the one transfer line toward a first destination. The process further includes directing a subsequent portion of the extract stream withdrawn through the one transfer line toward a second destination.

Abstract: A process according to various approach includes flushing residual fluid within an intermediate transfer line of a purification zone defined as a region of the adsorptive separation chamber between the feed stream transfer line and the extract stream transfer line away from the adsorptive separation chamber to remove at least a portion of the residual fluid from the intermediate transfer line. The process may include directing the residual fluid flushed from the intermediate transfer line to another transfer line that is not a transfer line of the purification zone to restrict the residual fluid from being introduced into the purification zone.

Abstract: A process according to various approaches includes flushing an intermediate transfer line at first flow rate during a first portion of the step-time interval. The process also includes flushing the intermediate transfer line at as second different flow rate during a second portion of the step-time interval so that a greater volume of fluid is flushed from the intermediate transfer line during one of the first portion and the second portion of the step-time interval than during the other of the first portion and the second portion of the step-time interval.

Abstract: A process according to various approach includes flushing an intermediate transfer line between the first intermediate transfer line and the extract stream transfer line away from the adsorptive separation chamber to remove residual fluid from intermediate transfer line. The process may include directing the residual fluid flushed from the intermediate transfer line to a recycle stream to introduce the residual fluid into the adsorptive separation chamber.

Abstract: A method for priming a hemodialysis treatment includes: providing a sorbent cartridge for cleaning spent dialysate fluid returning from a dialyzer; preparing a batch of dialysate in a quantity commensurate with being recycled through the sorbent cartridge multiple times; priming a dialysate circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate; and priming a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate.

Abstract: A process according to various approaches includes withdrawing the raffinate stream through one transfer line that contains residual fluid away from the adsorptive separation chamber. The process includes directing an initial portion of the raffinate stream, including at least a portion of the residual fluid, toward a first destination and directing a subsequent portion of the raffinate stream withdrawn through the one transfer line toward a second destination.

Abstract: The invention concerns a crystalline solid designated IM-20 which has the X-ray diffraction diagram given below. Said solid has a chemical composition expressed by the empirical formula: mXO2: nGeO2: pZ2O3: qR: sF: wH2O, in which R represents one or more organic species, X represents one or more tetravalent element(s) other than germanium, Z represents at least one trivalent element and F is fluorine.

Abstract: Crystals of [VOBDC](H2BDC)0.71 were synthesized hydrothemally. The guest acid molecules were removed by heating in air to give high quality single crystals of VOBDC. VOBDC was observed to show crystal-to-crystal transformations on absorption of the guest molecules aniline, thiophene and acetone from the liquid phase. Accurate structural data of the guest molecules and framework deformations were obtained from single crystal X-ray data. VOBDC was also shown to absorb selectively thiophene and dimethyl sulphide from methane.

Abstract: A consolidated nanofiber nonwoven comprising a plurality of roped fiber bundles having a length axis. The roped fiber bundles comprise a plurality of nanofibers having a median diameter of less than one micrometer, where at least 50% by number of the nanofibers are oriented within 45 degrees of the length axis of the roped fiber bundles. The nanofibers within the same roped fiber bundle are entangled together. The roped fiber bundles are randomly oriented within the nanofiber nonwoven and are entangled with other roped fiber bundles within the nanofiber nonwoven. At least a portion of the nanofibers are entangled with and adhered to other nanofibers within the same roped fiber bundle and at least a portion of the roped fiber bundles are entangled with and adhered to other roped fiber bundles within the consolidated nanofiber nonwoven.

Abstract: A capsule for encapsulating ion exchange chemicals has a capsule body, including a surface layer and ion exchange chemicals encapsulated within said surface layer. An ion exchange media is created by encapsulating liquid ion exchange chemicals inside a polymer coat making small beads which behave as solids but have much higher exchange capacity. The improved capacity is up to twice that of existing media.

Abstract: There are provided a composite including a metal component supported on graphene, a preparing method of the same, and uses of the same. The composite may be used for removing a contaminant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sorption agent for removing endotoxins from a biological fluid, comprising a water-insoluble, porous carrier having a neutral hydrophobic surface wherein the surface of the carrier has an adsorptive coating made of polymyxin and albumin, wherein polymyxin and albumin are bonded to the surface of the carrier in a noncovalent manner. The invention further relates to a method for producing such a sorption agent. The sorption agent is used in extracorporeal blood purification, in particular in order to treat individuals, who have sepsis.

Abstract: Methods of removing scale and inhibiting scale formation on a surface in an aqueous system are provided that include contacting a surface susceptible to scale formation or having a scale with a solution comprising an amount of a non-decomposed moss effective to remove some or all of the scale or inhibit scale formation on the surface. Methods of inhibiting corrosion on a surface in an aqueous system are provided that include contacting a surface susceptible to corrosion with a solution comprising an amount of a non-decomposed moss effective to inhibit corrosion on the surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are nano-engineered porous ceramic composite filtration media for removal of phosphorous contaminates from wastewater and other water or liquid sources. Such porous ceramic media has high surface area and an interconnecting hierarchical pore structure containing nano-iron oxide/oxyhydroxide compounds, as well as other nano materials, surfactants, ligands or other compounds appropriate for removing higher amounts of phosphorous or phosphorous compounds. The composite media can be modified with nano-phased materials grown on the high surface area and addition of other compounds, contains hierarchical, interconnected porosity ranging from nanometer to millimeter in size that provides high permeability substrate especially suited for removal of contaminants at the interface of the water or other fluids and the nanomaterial or surfactants residing on the surfaces of the porous structure.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to metal organic frameworks or isoreticular metal organic frameworks, methods of production thereof, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of removing a deleterious substance bound to a protein in blood of a patient by introducing a displacer substance into the blood under conditions in which the displacer substance replaces deleterious substance bound to the protein, thereby resulting in additional unbound deleterious substance in the blood, and removing unbound deleterious substance from the blood by extracorporeal renal replacement treatment.

Abstract: A system for collecting matter provides a low energy, low cost and nearly zero pollutant process for extracting suspended and/or dissolved matter in a medium. The system collects the matter on a material which is deployed into the medium, and the matter is extracted off the material. If the extracted matter is algae, then it can be processed into end user commercial products such as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, biofuels, food products, crop fertilizer, animal feed and polymers. If the extracted matter is oil or bitumen, then it can be recovered at oil spills or in tar sands. If the medium is infected with a harmful algae bloom of cyanobacteria, then the system could not only harvest the algae for processing but also cut off a food source of remaining algae by additionally extracting suspended silt. This invention collects matter in an economically and environmentally viable manner.

Abstract: The process according to the invention, for producing sugar products from fruits, comprising the steps of: i) demineralizing and decolorizing a fruit juice so as to bring its solid content to comprise from 99% wt to 99.99% wt of a mixture of saccharides, alcohols and flavonoids; iii) separating by chromatography the demineralized and decolorized fruit juice so as to obtain a glucose-enriched fraction or a fructose-enriched fraction from the fruit juice. The solid content of the glucose-enriched fraction comprises at least from 70% wt to 99.99% wt of glucose; the solid content of the fructose-enriched fraction comprises from 70% wt to 99.99% wt of fructose. The low content of anions and cations of the fruit juice to be is treated by chromatography greatly increase the yield of the chromatographic treatment and the purity of the glucose- and fructose-enriched fractions obtained through it.

Abstract: A combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide are utilized as ion-exchange materials, for example, in sorbent dialysis. The combination provides for dialysate regeneration while maintaining constant and controlled levels of Na+, HCO3?, and pH.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a device for detecting an analyte in a sample. The device comprises a fluidic network and an integrated circuitry component. The fluidic network comprises a sample zone, a cleaning zone and a detection zone. The fluidic network contains a magnetic particle and/or a signal particle. A sample containing an analyte is introduced, and the analyte interacts with the magnetic particle and/or the signal particle through affinity agents. A microcoil array or a mechanically movable permanent magnet is functionally coupled to the fluidic network, which are activatable to generate a magnetic field within a portion of the fluidic network, and move the magnetic particle from the sample zone to the detection zone. A detection element is present which detects optical or electrical signals from the signal particle, thus indicating the presence of the analyte.

Abstract: An apparatus and method permit continuous separation of an adsorbate from a processing material containing solid particles, sticky substances and water-soluble proteins, alone or in combination, without pretreatment. The processing is carried out while a loop adsorbent is circulated. An adsorbate is adsorbed, not by supply of the processing solution through the adsorbent, but by contact thereof with the adsorbent. In addition, the adsorbent after desorption of the adsorbate is cleaned. As a result, the apparatus and the method achieve continuous processing and separation of the adsorbate even from a processing material containing solid particles, sticky substances and water-soluble proteins alone or in combination without pretreatment.

Abstract: Novel electrospun nanofibers and nanofibrous membranes, methods of manufacturing the same, and methods of using the same are provided. The nanofibers include a cactus mucilage, such as mucilage from Opuntia ficus-indica. An organic polymer can be added to the cactus mucilage before electrospinning The nanofibrous membranes can be used in water filtration.

Abstract: This invention uses “Targeted Apheresis” to treat patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and other autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. “Targeted Apheresis” is a process whereby only the pathogenic and pro-inflammatory elements associated with the disease symptoms are simultaneously and selectively removed from the blood by passing the blood through an extracorporeal affinity device containing selective binding agents. Removal of these pathogenic and pro-inflammatory elements will ameliorate the symptoms of autoimmune disease and may prolong the period of disease remission.

Abstract: Described herein is a low back-pressure, solid phase extraction media for removing dissolved metals in a liquid. The solid phase extraction media comprises particles entrapped in a porous polymeric fiber matrix. The particles comprise at least one of a thiol-containing moiety or a thiourea-containing moiety, and the porous polymeric fiber matrix comprises a plurality of fibers and a polymeric binder.

Abstract: A separation method for extracting a target 1 from a separation subject (101) in which the target (1) to be extracted and a non-target (2) are mixed. The method includes the steps of distinguishing the target (1) from the non-target (2); obtaining positional information of the target (1) distinguished; attaching a liquid to the target (1) based on the positional information; and extracting the target (1) from the separation subject (101) by bringing a catch member (140) into contact with the separation subject (101) such that viscosity of the liquid causes the target (1) to adhere to the catch member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining materials based on treating solids by interaction with ferrofluids to give the final product a superparamagnetic behaviour at a moderate temperature. Said superparamagnetic materials are the result of the assembly of metal oxide nanoparticles associated to a compound with a surfactant effect, such as oleic acid, which are provided by a non-aqueous ferrofluid to different types of solids, preferably having adsorbent, absorbent or reactant and product support properties. The invention also relates to the material obtained by this procedure and its use in various applications such as adsorbents, sensors, ion exchangers the removal of toxic or radioactive contaminants, in chromatographic separation processes, in medical and biological applications, as carriers of biologically derived materials such as enzymes, as polymer fillers, absorption of electromagnetic radiation, as well as metal oxide and catalyst precursors.

Abstract: It is disclosed a process for removing at least a portion of the furfural and acetic acid in a first stream comprised of water, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of furfural and acetic acid, C5's and C6's. Such process comprises the steps of contacting the stream with an adsorption media which has been previously contacted with a second stream comprised of the same components and the adsorption media has been regenerated by exposing it to conditions, without being in contact with the second stream, such that at least 70% of the adsorbed furfural and acetic acid have each been desorbed and at least 60% of the C5's and C6's remain adsorbed on the media.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cleansing blood are disclosed herein. The methods include acoustically separating undesirable particles bound to capture particles from formed elements of whole blood. After introducing the capture particles to whole blood containing undesirable particles, the whole blood and capture particles are flowed through a microfluidic separation channel. At least one bulk acoustic transducer is attached to the microfluidic separation channel. A standing acoustic wave, imparted on the channel and its contents by the bulk acoustic transducer, drives the formed elements and undesirable particles bound to capture particles to specific aggregation axes. After aggregating the particles, the formed elements exit the separation channel through a first outlet and are returned to the patient. The undesirable particles, bound to the capture particles, exit through a second outlet and can be discarded to saved for later study.

Abstract: An adsorbent that enables solid phase extraction with high efficiency and good selectivity of solutes having a broad chromatographic polarity range including high-polarity solute molecules while suppressing adsorption of impurities, and a solid phase extraction method therefor are provided. A heterocyclic-ring-containing copolymer adsorbent that is provided herein comprises a copolymer that comprises: a multifunctional heterocyclic-ring-containing monomer having a heterocyclic ring containing at least two heteroatoms in the ring system; and a monomer that is copolymerizable with the multifunctional heterocyclic-ring-containing monomer, wherein the multifunctional heterocyclic ring constitutes the main chain structure.

Abstract: The method manipulates the chemical mechanism of the toxicity of arsenic in humans, which involves the binding of arsenic by thiols on proteins and peptides, to remove arsenic from water. PET vessels and/or acrylic resins are treated with thiols which in turn bind arsenic to remove arsenic from water.

Abstract: A method of separating a mixture of discrete structures dispersed in a fluid material includes identifying a target structure and a non-target structure; providing a custom-shaped particle having at least a portion of a surface that is substantially shape-complementary to a portion of a surface of the target structure; introducing the custom-shaped particle into the fluid material; exciting reconfigurations of the custom-shaped particle with respect to the target structure and the non-target structure; binding the custom-shaped particle to the target structure through an attractive interaction to form an aggregate; and isolating the aggregate containing the target structure and the custom-shaped particle from the non-target structure. The custom-shaped particle preferentially binds with the target structure without binding with the non-target structure.

Abstract: A solid-phase extraction device utilizing a section of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tubing as the stationary phase is disclosed. The microscopic pores of ePTFE tubing are impregnated with a binding agent having an affinity for a target constituent within a matrix. The matrix is prepared and loaded onto the stationary phase of the system. The target constituent is retained by the stationary phase. The constituent is stripped from the stationary phase with a stripping solution, and collected for further analysis or use.

Abstract: The invention concerns a crystalline solid designated IM-18 which has the X-ray diffraction diagram given below. Said solid has a chemical composition expressed by the empirical formula: mXO2:nGeO2:pZ2O3:qR:sF:wH2O, in which R represents one or more organic species, X represents one or more tetravalent element(s) other than germanium, Z represents at least one trivalent element and F is fluorine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a porous metal-organic framework material comprising the step reacting a reaction mixture in the liquid phase of at least one copper compound having at least one at least bidentate, organic compound which can bind by coordination to the copper in the presence of a nonaqueous solvent, the at least one at least bidentate, organic compound being derived from a polycarboxylic acid having at least three carboxyl groups, and the reaction proceeding at atmospheric pressure above 80° C.

Abstract: The instant invention generally provides a porous filter medium, a porous composite filter medium, a filter assembly, processes of making the same, and processes suitable for filtering contaminants from liquids.

Abstract: Fluid filtration systems and methods thereof to filter fluid in a first directional mode and a second directional mode are disclosed. Fluid filtration systems and methods thereof include a first directional mode, a second directional mode, and a filter unit. The filter unit includes a filter housing unit and a filter chamber disposed in the filter unit.

Abstract: The present application relates to improved filtration of fluids. Particularly, a surfactant-treated zeolite material may be utilized for removing turbid particles from a volume of fluid, such as water.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide new methods of rhenium recovery. The methods can include subjecting a metal-bearing solution to an activated carbon bed, and adsorbing rhenium onto the activated carbon. The methods can also include heating a basic aqueous elution solution and eluting the rhenium from the activated carbon with the heated elution solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to amine modified clay sorbents and methods for their use. The sorbents of the present invention have particular application for the sorption of hydrophobic contaminants, particularly constituents of AFFFs, surfactants and/or perfluorinated or polyfluorinated compounds.

Abstract: By sequentially aligning various filtration media and delivery systems, enhanced synergistic reduction of water contaminants is obtained compared to the prior art or separate use of the individual media/filters. Specific filtration media are formulated with proper proportioning and sequencing to enhance the ability to reduce metals that cause staining, odors and bad taste such as iron, copper and manganese. Also disclosed is the reduction of potentially hazardous metal radionuclides metals such as uranium, iodine, cesium, plutonium and radium. Also disclosed is improved removal of heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, chromium, and mercury as well as organic compounds such as halogenated carcinogenic compounds. The present devices and methods remove specific bacteria and their toxins from water to reduce the risk of dermatitis. Thus, the present invention enhances our ability to achieving cleaner and safer water for drinking, swimming, washing, bathing and cooking.

Abstract: A method for reducing the content of foreign molecules in gaseous or liquid form dissolved in a pressure transfer liquid of a pressure measuring transducer. A pressure receiving chamber is closed by an isolating diaphragm. A pressure measuring chamber is connected to the pressure receiving chamber, and a pressure sensor arranged in the pressure measuring chamber, in which the liquid serves to fill an inner space of the pressure measuring transducer formed by the pressure receiving chamber is provided. The pressure measuring chamber is connected therewith, and transfers an external pressure acting on the isolating diaphragm to the pressure sensor in measurement operation. The liquid is brought into contact with at least one adsorptive body, and foreign molecules dissolved in the liquid are bound to the adsorptive bodies by adsorption.

Abstract: A process for hydro-extracting non-ferrous metals from a slurry, pulp or solution, the process including a resin which is a copolymer of a polystyrene and a non-styrenic polymer, wherein the non-styrenic polymer includes the following subunit: Formula (I) wherein Rb is a divalent linking group, preferably alkylene, and most preferably (—CH2—CH2—; and Rd is NH, NR, O or absent. Preferably the resin has an acrylic backbone.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds of Formula 1: [(O3/2)Si CH2CH2SX]a [Si(O4/2)]b[Si(O3/2V)]c. The compounds are useful as scavengers for the removal of unwanted organic and inorganic compounds, for solid phase extraction, for solid phase synthesis, for acid and metal mediated heterogeneous catalysis, for metal ion abstraction and for the immobilization of bio-molecules.

Abstract: The oxine ligands 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquiniline and 5-sulfoxyl-8-hydroxyquinoline are covalently bound, using, for example, the Mannich reaction, to a silica gel polyamine composite made from a silanized amorphous silica xerogel and polyallylamine. The resulting modified composites, termed CB-1 (X?Cl) and SB-1 (X?SO3H), respectively, show a clear selectivity for trivalent over divalent ions and selectivity for gallium over aluminum. The compounds of the invention can be applied for the sequestration of metals, such as heavy metals, from contaminated mine tailing leachates.

Abstract: Oil in an oil spill is collected by laying an elongate generally flat mat onto and around the spill where the mat is formed from strips of material arranged side by side and connected at spaced positions longitudinally to define a honeycomb structure with top and bottom surfaces of the mat defined by edges of the strips. The mat is unrolled from a supply and laid onto the surface of a body of water in which the spill has occurred so that open empty tubular cells stand upwardly from the surface allowing the oil to be absorbed into the cells. The oil can be squeezed out by pressing the strips together to close the cells.

Abstract: The invention comprises a membrane and device and method for removing proteases from fluids, particularly from biological fluids and pharmaceutical solutions, which uses a microporous membrane body, whereby inhibitors that selectively bind proteases are coupled to the membrane body by chemically activated groups.

Abstract: The invention comprises a membrane and device and method for removing proteases from fluids, particularly from biological fluids and pharmaceutical solutions, which uses a microporous membrane body, whereby inhibitors that selectively bind proteases are coupled to the membrane body by chemically activated groups.