Abstract: A method of removing organosilanes from a sample which involves contacting the sample with silica and allowing the organosilanes to couple to the surface of the silica. The silica can be provided as particles that are added to and mixed with the sample, or provided as a reactive filter media to which the sample is contacted.

Abstract: A process for treating an organic matter sludge includes, in a mixing stage, mixing an organic matter sludge and particulate sterilized organic matter, to form an organic matter mixture. This mixture is dried in a drying stage to obtain a homogeneous particulate organic product.

Abstract: A method of separating, concentrating or purifying uniform carbon nanotubes with desired properties (diameter, chiral vector, etc) in a highly sensitive manner by the use of structure-sensitive properties peculiar to carbon nanotubes; and an apparatus therefor. There is provided a method of separating, concentrating, or purifying carbon nanotubes with the desired properties contained in a sample, comprising the steps of (a) irradiating a sample containing carbon nanotubes with light; and (b) selecting carbon nanotubes with desired properties. In a preferred embodiment, the light irradiation of the step (a) can be carried out in the presence of a metal so as to cause specified carbon nanotubes to selectively induce a photocatalytic reaction, resulting in metal deposition. Further, in a preferred embodiment, a given magnetic filed can be applied in the steps (b) so as to attain accumulation or concentration or carbon nanotubes with metal deposited.

Abstract: A method for reducing the halogen off-gassing rate in a solid water treatment halogen-containing composition is provided comprising forming a solid water treatment halogen-containing composition comprising (a) a halogen containing source; (b) a boron-containing source and (c) a polyphosphate-containing source.

Abstract: CO2-sequestering formed building materials are provided. The building materials of the invention include a composition comprising a carbonate/bicarbonate component. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2-sequestering formed building material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining various components of a multi-component material. Generally, a component of a whole blood sample may be concentrated from a patient and re-introduced to the same patient. For example, a clotting component, such as thrombin, from a whole blood sample may be extracted and concentrated in an apparatus and collection to be reapplied or reintroduced into a patient.

Abstract: A method of providing end-to-end water quality control from a water system operator to a point of delivery proximate a consumer. The method includes treating the water and delivering the water to the consumer at the point of delivery, filtering/purifying the water at the point of delivery, monitoring water quality at the point of delivery, reporting water quality at the point of delivery to the water system operator over a network, monitoring total water volume at the point of delivery, and reporting total water volume at the point of delivery to the water system operator over a network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to swimming pools and other pools of standing water, and in particular to a dispensing unit that distributes a chemical solution that reduces evaporation and heat loss by forming a film or monomolecular layer over the surface or substantial surface area of the swimming pool or water pond.

Abstract: A system and method for control of a gas and/or chemical for treatment of a fluid, and for monitoring the operation of such a system. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor, and to monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In another embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor. The present invention permits for the control of the system based on numerous dynamic conditions to optimize operation and to minimize safety hazards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one protein, in particular at least one hydrophobin or at least one derivative thereof, for improving phase separation in compositions comprising at least two liquid phases, to methods for separating at least two liquid phases in a composition comprising at least two liquid phases, and to formulations comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fuels, combustibles, crude oils or water-soluble or oil-soluble polymer solutions and at least one protein, in particular at least one hydrophobin or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A novel series of compositions with aqueous chemicals decontamination activity and their uses is described. The preparation of esters of fatty acids with polyols that contain lactic acid is also described. These novel compositions release hydroxy acid and fatty acids slowly into water providing activity over long periods of time with the compounds exhibiting biodegradable characteristics and aiding in the biodegradation of contaminants.

Abstract: A composition for the treatment of water comprising a treating component and a support wherein the treating component is a liquid organic compound, and the support is a solid organic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and a system for separation of fluids and solids present in a slurry, wherein at least one additive is added to the slurry, which slurry then is fed into a coiled tubing for mixing of the at least one additive with the slurry to obtain a mixed slurry, and thereafter the mixed slurry is separated into fluids and solids. Further, the present invention relates to a coiled tubing for mixing of at least one additive and a slurry. The present invention is especially useful in separation of slurries, such as biomasses and manure from different animals such as cattle, but is also applicable for other types of slurries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanoparticles containing a non-persistent support material and metallic silver particles on the surface of said support material as further specified in the description; to composites containing said nanoparticles; to the manufacture of said nanoparticles and composites and to the use of said nanoparticles and composites.

Abstract: A dispenser or dispensable material for external attachment to a mobile surface cleaning device, mobile surface cleaning device provides an aftermarket apparatus and method for both on-the-go cleaning and on-the-go delivery of dispensable materials into the body of water with the dispensable material mounted either on a downstream side of the mobile surface cleaning device or spaced from the flow path through the mobile surface cleaning device.

Abstract: The present invention shows a method for the keeping constant of a pH of a medical liquid when draining from a container, wherein CO2 and at least one further gas or gas mixture flows into the container during the draining of the medical liquid CO2. The invention furthermore shows an apparatus for the keeping constant of a pH of a medical liquid when draining from a container, wherein the container has an outflow for the medical liquid, at least one inflow for CO2 as well as an inflow for at least one further gas or gas mixture, wherein an electronic control for the determination and automatic supply of a CO2 quantity during the draining of the medical liquid is provided.

Abstract: A fluid processing system comprising a housing (12) and at least one of a first type and at least one of a second type module, (25-28), The first and second modules having different fluid processing characteristics each module comprising a body of wound layers of a sheet material, said body having an inner and an outer peripheral surface, a first and a second end face, a passage (42, 44) extending along the winding axis of said body and in fluid communication with said inner peripheral surface, the passage of one of the first type and one of the second type modules being closed at one end thereof, said sheet material having a plurality of openings formed therein, said openings forming a first and a second type of channels within the wound layers of sheet material of said body, extending in a direction from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface, the first type of channels being open at one end at said outer peripheral surface of the body and closed at the other end located adjacent to sa

Abstract: A method of treating sewage sludge that has a solids concentration of about 18-35% by weight includes treating the sewage sludge with sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or a combination thereof to increase its pH to at least about 12, and treating the sewage sludge with calcium oxide. The treatment of the sewage sludge with the calcium oxide can take place before and/or during the treatment of the sludge with the sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or a combination thereof. The amount of calcium oxide used is about 0.05-0.8% by weight of the sewage sludge.

Abstract: A method of treating waste matter from animals, the method comprising: a) collecting waste matter from the animals; b) inhibiting urease activity in said collected waste matter; and c) separating said urease-activity inhibited waste matter into a urea-rich fraction and a urea-lean fraction; a system for treating waste matter from animals; a urea-lean biogas fuel product; a urea-rich animal waste-matter product; a method of controlling the content of nitrogen in manure from animals; a method of reducing gaseous ammonia in stables for animals; a stable for animals; a biogas reactor system for producing biogas from waste matter from animals; a method of producing urea from waste matter of animals; a method of producing urea formaldehyde; and a method of producing biogas fuel from waste matter of animals.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus (10) for treatment of water (26) to be injected into a subsea injection well, the apparatus (10) being disposed in water overlying the well, preferably on a water bed (12). The invention is characterized in that the apparatus (10) contains at least one receptacle (38, 40, 46, 48, 50) provided with at least one water-soluble solid-state chemical (42, 52, 54, 56) for treatment of the injection water (26). The water (26) is brought into contact with the at least one chemical (42, 52, 54, 56), causing it to gradually dissolve and mix with the water (26), after which treated water (26?) is led into an injection stream to the injection well.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a fluid with a body are disclosed. Various aspects involve treating a fluid with a porous body. In select embodiments, a body comprises ash particles, and the ash particles used to form the body may be selected based on their providing one or more desired properties for a given treatment. Various bodies provide for the reaction and/or removal of a substance in a fluid, often using a porous body comprised of ash particles. Computer-operable methods for matching a source material to an application are disclosed. Certain aspects feature a porous body comprised of ash particles, the ash particles have a particle size distribution and interparticle connectivity that creates a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution and pore connectivity, and the pore size distribution and pore connectivity are such that a first fluid may substantially penetrate the pores.

Abstract: A method and device is provided for collecting filterable material to perform assays on a filtration apparatus by applying negative-pressure to the inlet chamber of the filtration apparatus which is independent of negative or positive pressure applied to its fluid path. The negative-pressure applied to the inlet chamber serves to actively aspirate fluid and promote flow into the inlet chamber via the fluid pathway. The negative-pressure applied to the inlet chamber facilitates the use of either negative or positive-pressure based fluid-filtration approaches. Use of the invention improves the functionality and scope of applications that can be performed with enclosed filtration apparatuses.

Abstract: A system and method for extracting active elemental iodine from the contact of water with stored crystal iodine and for introducing the extracted elemental iodine into a water supply line and/or otherwise making the extracted elemental iodine available for an intended use. The system operates by allowing a portion of the water entering from a water supply line to be redirected to a first housing where it makes contact with stored crystal iodine causing to extract active elemental iodine. The iodinized water leaves the first housing and enters a second housing where it makes contact additional stored crystal iodine to help stabilize the elemental iodine concentration. The system can be designed to provide the elemental iodine in more than one potency concentration through the use of a metering valve and different travel routes for the elemental iodine out of the second housing.

Abstract: There is provided a water sterilizer. The water sterilizer includes an ultraviolet light source electrically connected to an electrical power source, a light-protective housing encasing the lamp and having an inlet and an outlet, and a pump to draw the water into the housing to expose the water to ultraviolet light. Electric power supplied to the ultraviolet light source has an operating potential of not greater than 24 Volts. There is also provided a method for water sterilization.

Abstract: Organic nitro compounds, especially nitro aromatic compounds and nitramines, in water are degraded through contact with bimetallic particles comprising cores of zero-valent iron having discontinuous coatings of metallic copper on the surfaces thereof. Higher rates of degradation are achieved when the water has a pH in the range of about 3.5 to about 4.5, especially when acetic acid is present in the water.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method of destruction of volatile organic and inorganic compounds in wastewater, this method includes following stages: stripping the aforementioned volatile compounds in a stripping-chemisorption column; preliminary heating the gaseous medium containing these volatile compounds in a first heat regenerator; thermal, flare or thermo-catalytic oxidation of the volatile compounds in circulating gaseous medium; cooling the gaseous medium in a second heat regenerator; chemisorption of acidic gases from the gaseous medium in the stripping-chemisorption column with stripping at the same time additional amount of the volatile compounds from the wastewater. After specific period, direction of the gaseous medium flow is alternated. The proposed method can be executed at elevated temperature. The invention includes as well systems realizing the proposed method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system for treating an aqueous liquid containing dissolved minerals and dissolved hydrocarbons. Method steps and apparatus for treating a waste water feed stream are disclosed which utilize a warm lime softening system in fluid communication with the waste water feed stream, wherein sludge from the warm lime softening system is recycled to improve lime utilization and enhance silica and boron removal without the addition of an external source of magnesium. In addition, a microfiltration system and/or an air stripper system may be used in fluid communication with at least one reverse osmosis system to produce a treatment water that meets state and federal guidelines for surface discharge.

Abstract: Exemplary systems and methods relating to water treatment are described. One implementation filters water through a moving bed media filter sufficient to decrease the water's turbidity. This implementation simultaneously disinfects the filtered water and at least a portion of the moving bed media filter with ultra violet (UV) energy.

Abstract: A system for providing a chemical to a stream of a fluid. The system includes an elongate member with the chemical therein and moveable through the fluid to provide the chemical to the fluid. Optionally, the elongate member may be unwound from a first reel to a second reel through the stream of fluid to provide the chemical to the fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recycling fuel cell components containing fluorine-containing and precious metal-containing constituents: in this process, the fluorine-containing constituents are separated off from the precious metal-containing constituents by treatment with a medium present in the supercritical state. Preference is given to using water as supercritical medium. After the fluorine-containing constituents have been separated off, the precious metal-containing residues can be recovered in a recycling process without harmful fluorine or hydrogen fluoride emissions. The fluorine-containing constituents can likewise be recovered. The process is used in the recovery of precious metals and/or fluorine-containing constituents from membrane fuel cells, electrolysis cells, batteries, sensors and other electrochemical devices.

Abstract: A liquid treatment apparatus and a liquid treatment method are provided. The liquid treatment apparatus includes a nozzle configured to cause cavitation bubbles to be generated in liquid to be treated, and a discharger which generates discharge plasma in a region where the cavitation bubbles are generated. The liquid treatment method includes causing the cavitation bubbles to be generated in the liquid to be treated, and generating discharge plasma in the region where the cavitation bubbles are generated.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of removing a deleterious substance bound to a protein in blood of a patient by introducing a displacer substance into the blood under conditions in which the displacer substance replaces deleterious substance bound to the protein, thereby resulting in additional unbound deleterious substance in the blood, and removing unbound deleterious substance from the blood by extracorporeal renal replacement treatment.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting formation of hydrocarbon hydrates in mixtures of water and a hydrate-forming guest molecule has been discovered that involves adding a composition to the mixtures in an amount that is effective in inhibiting formation of the hydrocarbon hydrates under conditions otherwise effective to form the hydrocarbon hydrates in the absence of the reaction product. The composition includes at least one dendrimeric compound having a number average molecular weight of at least 1,000 atomic mass units (amu); and at least one small molecular weight species having less than 1,000 amu, selected from the group consisting of polyalkyleneimine, polyallylamine, starch, sugars, and polymers or copolymers of vinyl alcohol or allyl alcohol; and, optionally, at least one surfactant.

Abstract: In a reaction chamber, which constitutes a component of a process installation for obtaining foodstuffs or foodstuff components, biological products in harvested form that are whole or in pieces are subjected to pulsed electric fields as they pass through said reaction chamber, said electric fields forming pores in the cell walls so as to irreversibly open the latter, thus making the content of the cells more easily accessible. This is achieved by electrode groups, which can be energized to a high voltage and are located in the wall of a longitudinal passage of the reactor through which the process material is moved past grounded electrodes located in an opposing longitudinal wall area. Each electrode group is connected to an electric energy accumulator such as for example, a Marx generator, by means of a switch, in order to rapidly establish electric fields of multiple directions between the charged and the grounded electrodes.

Abstract: A device for water dechlorination that includes a housing containing a water-soluble dechlorination media, one or more fluid transfer media that passes through the housing that allows the transfer of water and water-soluble dechlorination media between the inside of the housing and the outside of the housing, and a mechanism for directing water to flow through the one or more fluid transfer media. The chlorine in the water is removed or neutralized by the water-soluble dechlorination media released through the one or more fluid transfer media.

Abstract: A reactor is described for conversion of chemical reactants comprising an oscillator with a number of perforated discs. The reactor is also suited to continuous conversion of reactants, and a method for such conversion is also described.

Abstract: The invention described herein contains two aspects, usable together or separately, that address the needs in the art described above, namely a first aspect that relates to the provision of a transportable water purification system that can be contained on a passenger transport vehicle, and that can use, but does not require, continuous, real-time monitoring, and a second aspect that relates to the use of UV purification of the water as it is uploaded to the passenger transport vehicle after a single pass through the UV chamber.

Abstract: An underground plume of water and soil which has been contaminated typically by H2S and/or hydrocarbon leakage from underground fuel containers is mitigated by a process of injecting a combination of colloids, peroxides and enzymes. This is accomplished by obtaining core samples to determine the extent of contamination thereby defining the perimeter of the plume, and drilling a series of injection well sites on a pavement or other surface to mitigate the leakage. In a first stage of mitigation, a colloid containing micelles is pressured into the injection wells, the colloid functioning to neutralize hydrocarbons, MTBE, solvents, and similar compounds, thereby mitigating the plume contamination. In a second stage, if mitigation of the plume contamination proves insufficient using colloid treatment, peroxides are then pressured into the injection wells. Typical peroxides could include hydrogen peroxide and various other peroxides.

Abstract: A fine channel device including a fine channel provided with at least two inlet ports for feeding fluid, inlet channels communicated with the inlet ports, a confluent portion communicated with the inlet channels, a branch portion communicated with the fine channel, from which at least two outlet channels are branched to feed predetermined amounts of fluid, and outlet ports communicated with the outlet channels. The fine channel is provided with a plurality of partition walls arranged along a boundary formed by at least two kinds of fluid fed from the inlet ports so as not to cause mutual contamination of fluid. Furthermore, the plurality of partition walls are spaced apart at intervals in a flowing direction of fluid.

Abstract: A method of providing end-to-end water quality control from a water system operator to a point of delivery proximate a consumer, which may be at the point of entry, and/or between the point of entry and point of use, and/or at the point of use. The method includes treating the water and delivering the water to the consumer at the point of delivery, filtering/purifying the water at the point of delivery, monitoring water quality at the point of delivery, and reporting water quality at the point of delivery to the water system operator over a network.

Abstract: A system for contaminant removal from a fluid stream comprises a plurality of flow through reactors arranged in stages that are spaced apart from one another, each reactor comprising at least one flow-through monolith configured to react with at least one contaminant in a fluid stream, and a flow control system configured to selectively control through which of the plurality of flow-through reactor stages a fluid stream containing at least one contaminant may pass.

Abstract: A system includes a first source including a first reactant; a second source including a second reactant capable of reacting with the first reactant to form a first product; and a reactor. The reactor includes a first element having a wall connecting a first point and a second point, the wall extending more than 180° around the first point; and a second element movably engaged with the first element to define a reconfigurable reaction chamber capable of being in fluid communication with the first and second reactants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, devices and reagents which are used for Fenton reaction-based wastewater treatment. According to the invention, the oxidation reaction of the organic material with the oxygenated water is performed in the main oxidation reactor (12) in the presence of metallic catalysts. The Fenton reaction takes place in the reactor at absolute pressure of between 1 Kg/cm2 and 1.5 Kg/cm2 and at a temperature of between 110° C. and 120° C. Once treated and cooled, the effluent is conveyed to zone D to a neutralising tank (6) in which the pH is increased to a value greater than seven, thereby causing precipitation of the hydroxides. In addition, safety checks are carried out automatically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the removal of organic nitrogen, organic and inorganic contaminants from an aqueous liquid. More particularly, the present invention related to a process for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants such as organic nitrogen and all other organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater and ground water by conducting a two step method which includes the step of adding nitrosonium ion generator such as nitrous acid and nitrite in acidic media to remove organic nitrogen and followed by the step of adding hydrogen peroxide and activated carbon to remove all the other organic and inorganic contaminants.

Abstract: A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter, whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiece.

Abstract: A lightweight water treatment system which can be easily distributed and employed by disaster survivors for treating locally available freshwater sources. The water treatment system includes an internal storage volume for maintaining a predetermined volume of water, a water fill port in communication with the internal storage volume provided at a first end of the elongated container for receiving the predetermined volume of water, a sealing member disposed at about the first end of the elongated container for maintaining the volume of water within the internal storage volume, a second end of the elongated container for receiving sediment settling out of the predetermined volume of water and a discharge port disposed superjacent to the second conically-shaped end for controllably releasing at least a portion of the water maintained within the internal storage volume of the elongated container.

Abstract: Chemical additive preferably derived from a solid chemical concentrate is selectively educted into the closed water recirculation or makeup line of a water system. A bypass line in one embodiment is controlled by a valve to direct system water through the eductor when chemical additive is desired, and at least a portion thereof around the eductor when no chemical additive is desired. Open line application is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a water characteristic of a body of water by controlling the cyclic release of a water characteristic material into the body of water with or without the system being responsive to a level of the water characteristic in the body of water with the system capable of being controlled from a display or from a wireless control module or both.

Abstract: The invention concerns uranium-chelating peptides as well as their uses for decontaminating soils and water, and for detecting and treating people contaminated by uranium. Said peptides have a helix-loop-helix type structure comprising the sequence of a calmodulin loop including at least one mutation of neutral residues selected from the group consisting of S, T, C, H, Y, N and Q, of one, two or three residues of at least one of the four calmodulin calcium binding sites: site I: residues selected among D20, D22 and D24 residues; site II: residues selected among D56, D58 and N60 residues; site III: residues selected among D93, D95 and N97 residues; site IV: residues selected among D129, D131 and D133 residues; said positions being indicated with reference to the human calmodulin sequence.

Abstract: A method for treating a formaldehyde-containing waste liquid, which is formed as a byproduct in a plant for the production of hydrocarbons or oxygen-containing compounds, containing the steps of: subjecting formaldehyde in the liquid to chemical treatment; and treating the resulting waste liquid, while being aerated, by using a membrane bioreactor that is composed of a microorganism or enzyme and a separation membrane.