Abstract: An electrical heating device includes a flat heating block, which is held in a housing forming oppositely situated frame openings and which comprises parallel layers of heat dissipating and heat generating elements. The heat generating elements on the face side have fitting elements projecting beyond the heating block, and fitting element receptacles assigned to these fitting elements are formed on the housing. The fitting elements and the assigned fitting element receptacles of different heat generating elements are formed such that the heat generating elements cannot be inserted at just any random place in the housing.

Abstract: A layered heater is provided with a dielectric layer formed by a first layered process, a resistive layer formed on the dielectric layer, the resistive layer formed by a second layered process, and a protective layer formed on the resistive layer, wherein the protective layer is formed by one of the first or second layered processes or yet another layered process. The first layered process is different than the second layered process in order to take advantage of the unique processing benefits of each of the first and second layered processes for a synergistic result. The layered processes include, by way of example, thick film, thin film, thermal spraying, and sol-gel. Additional functional layers are also provided by the present invention, along with methods of forming each of the individual layers.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a clothing piece, such as a glove, with a heating device, in particular for the warming and/or temperature control of a skin surface with deep-acting effect upon areas of a human body, comprising at least one heat transfer element, at least one connection for an energy supply device, at least one control field with an encapsulation and with at least one circuit board with an electrical control circuit for controlling the temperature of the heat transfer element and at least two switches for the manual adjustment of the temperature. The encapsulation comprises a chamber that holds the circuit board and a protruding edge that surrounds the chamber, wherein the edge is made of a flexible material. In addition, the switches are made up of at least two contact elements located on the inside of the encapsulation and at least two contact elements formed on the circuit board.

Abstract: A ceramic base body, which is a ceramic heater which suppresses noise radiation and thus has little adverse effect on surrounding electronic devices, includes a plurality of ceramic layers, and a mixed-material layer disposed between two ceramic layers, the mixed-material layer being formed of a mixture of a ceramic material and a metal material. Between the ceramic layer and the mixed-material layer, a heat-generating resistor which generates heat by a passage of electric current therethrough is disposed. Radiation of a high-frequency component generated by the passage of electric current through the heat-generating resistor is suppressed by the mixed-material layer, wherefore the adverse effect of the radiation on surrounding electronic devices can be reduced.

Abstract: An electrical heating device includes at least one heat generating element and at least one heat emitting element having opposed surfaces that abut the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes at least one PTC heating element having strip conductors on both sides of it for the electrical supply of the PTC heating element At least one of the strip conductor is provided with at least one contact projection which protrudes beyond a PTC heating element locating face formed on the strip conductor. Also disclosed is a heat generating element having at least one strip conductor provided with at least one contact projection.

Abstract: A heating plate for a substrate support assembly in a semiconductor plasma processing apparatus, comprises multiple independently controllable planar heater zones arranged in a scalable multiplexing layout, and electronics to independently control and power the planar heater zones. A substrate support assembly in which the heating plate is incorporated includes an electrostatic clamping electrode and a temperature controlled base plate. Methods for manufacturing the heating plate include bonding together ceramic or polymer sheets having planar heater zones, power supply lines, power return lines and vias.

Abstract: A substrate heat treatment apparatus includes a heat-treating plate having a flat upper surface, support devices formed of a heat-resistant resin for contacting and supporting a substrate, a seal device disposed annularly for rendering gastight a space formed between the substrate and heat-treating plate, and exhaust bores for exhausting gas from the space. The support devices are formed of resin, and the upper surface of the heat-treating plate is made flat, whereby a reduced difference in the rate of heat transfer occurs between contact parts and non-contact parts on the surface of the substrate. Consequently, the substrate is heat-treated effectively while suppressing variations in heat history over the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A portable keep-warming device with time control function is proposed. A carbon film on a keep-warming sheet of the keep-warming device is mixed with silver so as to have greater resistance. Therefore, a small current will have a sufficient heat generated. Besides, the packaging of the keep-warming sheet with the carbon fiber layer and the metal gluing layer provides a greater heat dissipating area. The different time control modes provides the function of fast heating of the keep-warming sheet and long using time of the battery so as to increase the usages of the present invention. Furthermore, the appearance of the keep-warming sheet can be formed as desired to as to suit different usages of the keep-warming sheet.

Abstract: Provided herein is a self-adhesive radiant heat underlayment that may be utilized in flooring and/or outdoor applications. The heating underlayment has an adhesive backing that allows for conveniently adhering a flexible heating element place prior to applying a material over the top surface thereof. In one arrangement, a mesh grounding layer is provided to ground the flexible heating element to reduce unintended electrical tripping of the installed underlayment.

Abstract: Apparatuses and techniques relating to a resistive heating device are provided.

Abstract: A heating element includes two flexible plastics layers connected in overlying relationship with first and second conductors each running along the element between the layers the side edges with a row of printed conductive strips at right angles to the conductors. A grounding layer comprising a sheet of foil laminated to a carrier is laminated to the heating element. A reinforcing layer in the form of a bitumen anti-fracture membrane is applied on one surface and a reinforcing layer of a fiber reinforced material is applied on the opposite surface for engagement into a tile adhesive layer. First and second strips of an electrically insulating material are applied over the first and second conductors to define slots allowing insertion into the slots of respective clamp type terminals.

Abstract: A method and device for measuring the soot load in the exhaust gas systems of diesel engines using a sensor which is mounted downstream of a particulate filter and comprises a sensor element, to measure the operability of the particulate filter. According to the method, the soot load of the sensor element is measured resistively or capacitively using electrodes. The measuring voltage of the sensor element is controlled depending on at least one actual operating parameter of the diesel engine.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment utilizes metal coated high strain fabric reinforcement including but not limited to fiberglass, cotton fiber, or other materials that can undergo deformation, and various resin or elastomer compounds to create a conductive polymer whose resistivity and resistance remain essentially constant under a strain of approximately 0-150% or more. Additionally, the preferred embodiment utilizes a method of imprinting, depositing, etching, or embossing a design or pattern of conductive metal on fabric used in composites. The use of designs of conductive metals wrapped around a deformable core and the unique features of elastomeric polymers allows for their use as a flexible circuit board, formable heaters, and other various uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrical heater with a tubular housing and with a heating insert inserted in the housing. The heating insert includes at least one PTC thermistor. Herein, at least one concave indentation is formed in the housing, which is at least punctually in contact with a corresponding concave indentation of the heating insert. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing such an electrical heater.

Abstract: A method for forming a longitudinal subsurface heater includes longitudinally welding an electrically conductive sheath of an insulated conductor heater along at least one longitudinal strip of metal. The longitudinal strip is formed into a tubular around the insulated conductor heater with the insulated conductor heater welded along the inside surface of the tubular.

Abstract: A ceramic heater includes a heating resistor including a first conducting portion and a second conducting portion which face each other and a ceramic base in which the heating resistor is embedded. The first conducting portion includes a first burr which extends from the first conducting portion and is located between the first conducting portion and the second conducting portion. The second conducting portion includes a second burr which extends from the second conducting portion and is located between the second conducting portion and the first conducting portion. At least a part of the first and second burrs is spaced apart from the line linking a starting point of the first burr and a starting point of the second burr in a cross-section perpendicular to a conduction direction of the first and second conducting portions.

Abstract: An electrical device includes a compound material. The compound material includes a mixture of an electrically conductive material and an electrically insulative material. The conductive material is aligned within the compound material, such that the resistivity of the compound material in a first direction is different from the resistivity of the compound material in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An insulated conductor heater may include an electrical conductor that produces heat when an electrical current is provided to the electrical conductor. An electrical insulator at least partially surrounds the electrical conductor. The electrical insulator comprises a resistivity that remains substantially constant, or increases, over time when the electrical conductor produces heat. An outer electrical conductor at least partially surrounds the electrical insulator.

Abstract: An axial resistance sheathed heater is presented. The axial resistance sheathed heater includes a retaining sheath having a first end and a second end and a resistance wire completely disposed within the retaining sheath. The heater further includes a first conductor rod partially disposed within the retaining sheath and extending beyond the first end of the retaining sheath, the first conductor rod in direct electrical communication and direct mechanical communication with the resistance wire; and a second conductor rod partially disposed within said retaining sheath and extending beyond the second end of the retaining sheath, the second conductor rod in direct electrical communication and direct mechanical communication with the resistance wire. The resistance wire, the first conductor rod and the second conductor rod comprise a circuit achieving a power to voltage rating of about 5000:24.

Abstract: A micro heater includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first carbon nanotube, and a second carbon nanotube. The first carbon nanotube extends from the first electrode. The second carbon nanotube branches from the second electrode. The first carbon nanotube and the second carbon nanotube intersect with each other to define a node therebetween.

Abstract: A printed circuit board or card (1) has an electric circuit (1a) and at least one electrically insulated conductive heating wire (2), the heating wire (2) being wire-printed on or in the printed circuit board or card. Heating wire (2) can be connected at connection points (4) to a voltage source (not shown) to be provided on or in the printed circuit board or card (1).

Abstract: A handle grip member with electric heater can be produced in high yield through simple processing not using any core of synthetic resin and avoiding molding operation. Depressed groove (4) is spirally provided on an external surface of inner part (1) of rubber, and multiple ribs (5) are provided on an internal surface thereof along the direction of length. Electric heater (7) of tape-shaped metal conductor is implanted in the depressed groove (4), and fixed. Electric wires (8a,8b) are connected to two ends of the electric heater (7) and drawn out. The inner part (1) is inserted in outer part (9) of rubber tube, and the outer part (9) is fixed to the inner part (1) with the use of an adhesive, etc.

Abstract: Rendering a refractory coating on a metal substrate impenetrable by molten metal.

Abstract: A sandwich laminate for wind turbine blades includes a sandwich core material and an upper laminate part and a lower laminate part, wherein the upper laminate part and the lower laminate part have a thermoplastic matrix material and heating elements. The heating elements are electrically conductive fibres constituting electric circuits in the interior part of the thermoplastic matrix. Further, a wind turbine blade including such a sandwich laminate as well as a method of manufacturing such a sandwich laminate are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device operable electrically via a mains voltage connection, in particular without a ground wire connection, having a live element and having an application part, wherein the application part is insulated by a basic insulation with respect to the live element. In this respect, an insulation monitor is provided which monitors the quality of the basic insulation of the application part with respect to the live element. The present invention furthermore comprises a medical device having a heating module for heating a medical fluid, wherein the heating module comprises a heating element having a heating coil arranged on a first ceramic layer, wherein the heating element is arranged on a second ceramic layer, wherein the second ceramic layer advantageously forms a heating plate of the heating module.

Abstract: A material comprises: a first component having a first positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic; and a second component having a second positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic, the second positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic being different from the first positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic, the proportions of the two components being such that the material has a positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic which is a combination of the first and second positive temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics of the first and second components.

Abstract: An electrical heating device has an integrally manufactured support made from an insulating material. A depressed path is provided for the introduction of a coiled round heating element into the support. In the bottom side of the support, additional depressions are made in support and pass into the depressed path and form undercuts. In the area of the undercuts the heating element is flattened in the path and thereby pressed into the undercuts and consequently can be no longer moved out of said path.

Abstract: This heating cartridge includes a thermally conductive tube (42) to be immersed in a thermo-expandable substance of the thermostatic element, electric heating means (6) arranged inside the tube, and a base (7) made of a plastic substance, integral with a terminal longitudinal portion (44) of the tube and adapted to support the electric connection between the heating means and an external current source. In order to make the connection between the base and the tube both resistant and precisely adaptable to various heating cartridge geometries, and to do so economically, the terminal portion of the tube comprises an outwardly flared free end (45), which extends protruding both radially and axially from the rest of the terminal portion and in which the base is attached by overmolding.

Abstract: An electrical heating element for vertical installation includes vertically suspended electrical resistance elements for the heating of furnaces in industrial operation, where each resistance element is formed of conductive legs, where along the length of the resistance elements are placed ceramic disks provided with holes, through which holes the relevant legs of the element pass. The ceramic disks are arranged between ceramic tubes and an upper metallic central rod is positioned within the ceramic tubes, which central rod supports the element and where the element is surrounded by a radiative tube. There are a number of upper ceramic tubes outside of the upper central rod with intermediate ceramic disks, and the central rod extends a certain distance down into the radiative tube.

Abstract: A high-capacity positive temperature coefficient heater, may include a plurality of positive temperature coefficient rods, wherein each of the positive temperature coefficient rods has a built-in positive temperature coefficient element that generates heat when electric power is supplied thereto, a plurality of heat-radiating fins attached to either side of the positive temperature coefficient rods along a longitudinal direction thereof, an upper housing coupled to one ends of the positive temperature coefficient rods, and a lower housing coupled to the other ends of the positive temperature coefficient rods, wherein the heat radiating fins are bonded to the positive temperature coefficient rods by heat conductive adhesive.

Abstract: A multi-curved continuous type metal PTC rapid electric heater for used in the electric heating field comprises at least one electric heating device that has a metal PTC pipe that is enclosed by an electric heating pipe body. Two ends of an electric heating pipe body have a wiring terminal installed and a plurality heat radiating fans installed outside. The electric heating pipe body comprises at least four straight pipes and at least three C-shape pipes. Both ends of the C-shape pipe are connected to a straight pipe, which forms a curved electric heating pipe part. A multi-curved continuous type metal PTC rapid electric heater comprises at least two curved electric heating pipe parts in which the lower ends of neighboring straight pipes of two curved electric heating pipe parts are connected via a C-shape pipe.

Abstract: Helical wire heating coil assemblies and methods of assembling helical heating coil assemblies are provided. In one example, a helical wire heating coil assembly includes first and second support frames that are detachably coupled together by a first plurality of insulating standoffs coupled to the first support frame, a second plurality of insulating standoffs coupled to the second support frame, and a helical wire heating coil coupled to both the first plurality of insulating standoffs and the second plurality of insulating standoffs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sheet-shaped heat and light source. The sheet-shaped heat and light source includes a carbon nanotube layer and at least two electrodes. The at least two electrodes are separately disposed on the carbon nanotube layer and electrically connected thereto. Moreover, a method for making the sheet-shaped heat and light source and a method for heating an object adopting the same are also included.

Abstract: A heating element for an electrical appliance, such as an electric razor. The element has a hollow metallic sleeve having first and second sides. The first side of the sleeve has greater thermal mass than the second side of the sleeve. A positive temperature coefficient ceramic element is located within the sleeve and held in thermal contact with the sleeve by a compressed portion of the sleeve.

Abstract: A uniform heating assembly including at least one first insulative substrate, at least one first common terminal, at least one second common terminal and a multiplicity of conductive filaments at least partially embedded in the at one insulative substrate and extending at least mainly along both electrically parallel and geometrically parallel paths between the at least one first common terminal and the at least one second common terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a jacket heater having a heating element built therein, the jacket heater containing: the heating element having a watt density of 0.15 W/cm2 or more, a metal foil disposed adjacently to the heating element, and a surrounding body which surrounds the heating element and the metal foil.

Abstract: An electrical heating device, which includes a housing, in which at least one heat generating element with at least one PTC element and electrical strip conductors abutting oppositely situated lateral faces of the PTC element and a plurality of heat dissipating elements arranged in parallel layers are accommodated, which are held abutted on oppositely situated sides of the heat generating element. An electrical heating device according to the invention and which fulfils the practical requirements, in particular with high voltage operation in an improved manner has at least one heat dissipating element which is situated, with the intermediate positioning of an electrically insulating layer, on the assigned heat generating element and can be electrically connected to a ground potential.

Abstract: An electrical heating device, includes a housing in which at least one heat generating element with at least one PTC element and electrical strip conductors abutting oppositely situated lateral faces of the PTC element and a plurality of heat dissipating elements arranged in parallel layers are accommodated. The heat dissipating elements are held abutted on oppositely situated sides of the heat generating element, with the intermediate positioning of an electrical insulation. In order to be capable of improved high voltage operation, at least one conducting element electrically connects together a plurality of heat dissipating elements.

Abstract: A heating element includes a continuous planar strip and a plurality of mounting members. A path of the continuous strip from a first end to a second end is circuitous and includes a plurality of repeating cycles, each of which includes a plurality of first straight segments, a plurality of second straight segments and a plurality of radiused segments. A length of the first straight segment is greater than a length of the second straight segment and an angular sum of a single cycle of the circuitous path is greater than 360 degrees. The heating element can be incorporated into a heating assembly for, as an example, semiconductor processing equipment.

Abstract: The invention provides a flexible hot plate and cooking unit, with a temperature differential of at least 40° C. between the two sides of the unit comprising a heating element sandwiched between an upper and a lower layer of flexible material wherein said upper layer provides a temperature along its upper surface of at least 80° C. for heating an object placed thereon, and said lower layer is provided with a plurality of insulating air passages.

Abstract: A heater system and related methods of heating a surface are provided by the present disclosure that includes, in one form, a substrate defining a heating surface and a layered heater formed on the heating surface. A plurality of nodes are disposed along the heating surface and are in electrical contact with a resistive heating layer of the layered heater, along with a plurality of lead wires connected to the plurality of nodes. In one form, a multiplexer is in communication with the plurality of nodes through the plurality of lead wires, and a controller is in communication with the multiplexer, wherein the multiplexer sequences and transmits resistances from the plurality of nodes to the controller, and the controller controls an amount of power provided to each of the plurality of nodes based on the differences in resistances between the nodes.

Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) superimposed impedance polymeric (SIP) compound including an electrically insulating matrix essentially consisting of a siloxane polymer in addition to first and second electrically conductive particles having different properties with respect to surface energies and electrical conductivities. A multi-layered, ZPZ, foil including a PTC SIP compound of the invention present between two metal foils, thereby forming a conductive composite body. A multi-layered device, including an essentially flat composite body made up from a PTC SIP compound according to the invention, two electrode layers adhering to the surfaces of the composite body, the electrode layers being metal foils prepared to connect to electrodes.

Abstract: An electric heater, comprises a heating block held in a housing and including parallel layers of heat-emitting and heat generating elements. A grid arrangement covers the respective frame apertures in the housing and reinforces the housing. First struts of the grid arrangement, extending at right angles with respect to the layers, are assigned to the housing, and second struts extending parallel with respect to the layers are defined by the heating block. Moreover, a heat generating element of an electric heater, comprises a position frame made of an insulating material and defining receptacles arranged side by side each for at least one PTC heating element. The receptacles are arranged between conductor paths against which the PTC heating elements are placed in an electrically conductive manner.

Abstract: Techniques for providing heat to a small area and apparatus capable of providing heat to a small area are provided.

Abstract: A heating cable includes a bus wire structure that includes a plurality of bus wires. An insulation layer is provided to insulate the plurality of bus wires. A plurality of node areas exposes portions of the bus wires from the insulation. A heating element is wrapped around the bus wire structure in a helical manner. The heating element includes an insulating core and one or more resistance wires wrapped around the core in a helical manner. The heating element is electrically coupled to the nodes of the bus wire structure at the plurality of node areas. The insulating core may be made of a folded-over tape made of a cloth material, such as glass cloth. Pluralities of redundant paths in between two nodes are provided to allow for current to flow in a zone if one of the redundant paths is broken.

Abstract: A ceramic heater comprising: a support body made of a first non-conductive ceramic material; a heater pattern, which is made of a conductive material and has a terminal junction at each end and is laid on the support body; a coating layer, which is made of a second non-conductive ceramic material and is laid to cover the support body and the heater pattern but not to cover the terminal junctions of the heater pattern; and a lead wire for connecting the terminal junctions to a power source; and this ceramic heater is comprised of that the terminal junctions of the heater are coated with a conductive protective layer; that each heater terminal junction coated with the protective layer and the lead that is connected to the power source are electrically connected to each other via a washer made of a malleable conductive material.

Abstract: An electrically heated towel rack including two parallel retractable arms (1,1?) and an electric heating board (2) is provided. Each of the retractable arms has a fixed portion (12) and a retractable portion (14). A connecting member (11) is disposed at one end of the fixed portion (12) for connecting the fixed portion (12) and a wall (3). The electric heating board (2) is rotatably disposed between the two retractable arms (1,1?) and supported by two support members (13), the support members (13) being respectively disposed on inner sides of the retractable portions (14) of the two retractable arms (1,1?). The electric heating board (2) can be an electric glass board. The distance between the electric heating board (2) and the wall (3) can be adjusted by pushing or pulling the retractable portions (14). Alternatively, the electric heating board (2) can be rotated to a vertical position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an electric heating device, comprising a housing in which a heating block is held with the pretensioning force of at least one spring element located approximately at the same level as the heating block in its post assembly position and which defines opposite housing apertures between which the heating block is exposed, wherein the heating block is introduced into a housing part and the heating block is enclosed in the housing by another housing part. The spring element is brought into its assembled position and pretensioned when the housing is being closed to enclose the heating block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric heating material. Said electric heating material comprises a substrate and an electric heating layer substantially homogeneously attached to said substrate. Said electric heating layer is obtained from an electric heating coating that contains an electric heating base material and a binder. Said electric heating base material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite or conductive carbon black; said binder is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, melamine, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol. In some embodiments, the substrate is paper. Said electric heating material can be applied to make an electric heating laminate floor the temperature of the surface of which can be heated to 15-70° C. within 5 minutes when a 220 V power source is supplied, and this temperature can be kept consistent for a long period of time.

Abstract: A resistive heating element 30 has a higher molybdenum carbide content in a central portion 35 than in a peripheral portion 34. Since molybdenum carbides have a low temperature coefficient of resistance compared to molybdenum, the amount of heat generated in the central portion 35 of the resistive heating element 30 does not increase as much as in the peripheral portion 34 even when the temperature is increased, and the increase in difference in temperature between the peripheral portion 34 and the central portion 35 can be suppressed. In other words, generation of hot spots near the center can be suppressed and a good uniform heating property in a wide range of operation temperatures can be obtained.