Abstract: An intermediate bulk container, valve and connector system is provided that includes a split nut connector. The split nut connector is rotatably mounted on a valve adapter plate which connects with the valve, and is internally threaded for engagement with external threads on the intermediate bulk container outlet. An o-ring seal is aligned and positioned between the adaptor plate inlet and intermediate bulk container outlet by positioning surfaces to provide compression and sealing between the component engaging surfaces, and sealing contact is provided between corresponding surfaces of the components.

Abstract: A sprinkler assembly for a flowable product container includes a sprinkler base and a sprinkler disk rotatably coupled to the sprinkler base. The sprinkler base includes a tongue defined in a base plate by a shear area and a tongue hinge, with the tongue extending upward when the shear area is unbroken, and partially detached and rotatable to an open position when force is applied to break the shear area. The sprinkler disk has a pour aperture with a complimentary shape to the tongue so that the tongue extends through the pour aperture to prevent rotation of the sprinkler disk when the shear area is unbroken and not tampered with, and rotates downward when the shear area is broken to allow the rotation of the sprinkler disk. The sprinkler assembly may be fabricated from materials such as polyethylene and polyurethane.

Abstract: A cold-brew adapter system includes: an adapter assembly configured to interface with an upper portion of a pour-over coffee system; and a steeping assembly configured to receive ground coffee and position the ground coffee within a liquid contained in a lower portion of the pour-over coffee system.

Abstract: A coffee storage container provides for the removal of coffee without introducing air into the remaining coffee within the container. The container includes a container body defining an internal chamber, a dispenser, and a floating ceiling. The dispenser includes a top side located within the internal chamber that provides a resting surface for coffee stored in the internal chamber. The dispenser dispenses the coffee through a bottom side of the dispenser. The floating ceiling is located within the internal chamber above the dispenser. The floating ceiling rests on the coffee stored in the internal chamber and moves downwards with a top level of remaining coffee in the internal chamber as the coffee is dispensed through the bottom side of the dispenser. The floating ceiling and the top side of the dispenser define a storage space for the coffee that decreases in volume as the coffee is dispensed by the dispenser.

Abstract: A can lid inspection device includes an illuminator to illuminate a can lid. A camera includes a lens holding cylinder. A pedestal base includes a circular inspection hole formed at a center. The pedestal base mounts the camera to position the lens holding cylinder. A support pole includes a lower end to fix the illuminator and an upper portion supporting the pedestal base. A camera positioning jig includes a ring-shaped body. A flange portion protrudes from an outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped body. An outer diameter portion of the ring-shaped body fits in the inspection hole. The inner diameter portion of the ring-shaped body fits the lens holding cylinder. An illumination center calibration jig detachably mounts on a lower surface of the illuminator and has a mark indicating a center of the illuminator. An analysis device analyzes an image of the can lid captured by the camera.

Abstract: A container assembly includes a container having a neck defining an opening into the container and a spout disposed in the neck of the container. The spout includes an outer sidewall defining an interior of the spout. The spout includes a flange projecting radially outward from the outer sidewall. The spout includes a plurality of spout teeth extending from a bottom surface of the flange and disposed around a perimeter of the outer sidewall. The neck of the container includes a plurality of neck teeth disposed along an interior surface of the neck and coupled with the spout teeth.

Abstract: A container (100) is provided that includes a chamber (102), a dispensing passageway and a resilient valve (120). The chamber contains a viscous fluidic material. The valve (120) is configured to transition from a normal state to a dispensing state upon a discharge pressure being applied to the chamber (102) to allow the viscous fluidic material to pass through the orifice (131) of the resilient valve and to be dispensed from the dispensing passageway as a string of the viscous fluidic material. The orifice (131) is open in the normal state. The valve is also configured to return from the dispensing state to the normal state upon cessation of the discharge pressure, whereby the resilient valve (120) assumes a pinching state while returning from the dispensing state to the normal state in which the string of the viscous fluidic material is pinched off by the orifice edge.

Abstract: A lid structure, which is used for covering an opening of a container, includes a mainbody, an elastic annular element, and a covering assembly. The mainbody includes a through hole. The elastic annular element is integrally disposed on a peripheral region of the mainbody, wherein the elastic annular element is used for positioning the lid structure on the opening. The covering assembly is disposed on the mainbody and includes a spacer element and a covering element. The spacer element is disposed on and covers the through hole. The spacer element includes a plurality of drain holes and a central connecting portion. The covering element is deformably disposed on the central connecting portion.

Abstract: An eye drop or eye wash dispenser assembly includes a dispenser bottle having a nipple for dispensing eye drops, and a cap removably coupleable to the dispenser bottle over the nipple. An eye cup removably fits over at least a portion of the dispenser bottle and couples to the bottle. The eye cup has a first open end with an oval shape and a second open end with a circular shape that is opposite the first open end. The eye cup can be coupled to the dispenser bottle in a stowed position where the eye cup is disposed below the nipple, and can be inverted and coupled to the dispenser bottle in a deployed position where the eye cup is disposed so that it extends distally of and around the nipple. The eye cup in the deployed position can be supported on or rest on the periphery of the eye socket to facilitate delivery of eye drops into a user's eye.

Abstract: Reclosable cup lids are provided herein. The reclosable cup lid can have a rim portion defining an outer perimeter. A sidewall can extend upwardly from the rim portion, and an upper surface can slope from a first end thereof to a second end thereof. A cavity can be disposed within the sidewall and above the upper surface. A drink aperture can be disposed within the cavity and formed through at least a portion of the upper surface to allow fluid flow therethrough. A slideable tab can be at least partially disposed within the cavity that can have at least two opposing sides that are generally straight, providing a track for the slideable tab.

Abstract: A pressure actuated pressure relief valve is disposed in the body of a beverage vessel and is configured to be in fluidic communication with an exterior of the beverage vessel and an interior of the beverage vessel. The pressure actuated pressure relief valve being configured to actuate from a closed position to an open position based on pressure reaching a threshold within the interior of the beverage vessel. The pressure actuated pressure relief valve being configured to actuate from the open position to the closed position based on pressure falling below the threshold within the interior of the beverage vessel.

Abstract: A flow control closure is provided. The closure having a body member with a base wall, a body skirt, and a spout extending from the base wall away from the body skirt; a lid member with a top wall and a lid skirt, the lid member being movable between an open position and a closed position, the top wall having a seal positioned to engage the spout when the lid member is in the closed position; and a hinge member that joins the lid member with the body member. The spout can include an orifice with an outer profile having a first diameter and an inner profile having a second diameter, the orifice can include one or more uvulas that partially obstructs the first diameter. The flow control closure can be molded as one unitary piece.

Abstract: A cooking vessel includes a cooking vessel that has a bottom wall and a side wall, where the side wall has an inner surface, an outer surface, and an upper edge. The system also includes an induction element that is configured to mount to the side wall. The induction element includes a heating member, an upper edge contact member, and a lip. The heating member rests upon the inner surface of the side wall, the upper edge contact member rests upon the upper edge of the cooking vessel, and the lip rests upon the outer surface of the side wall.

Abstract: Various aspects and embodiments are directed to a precision dispenser that is hand held and constructed and arranged to receive and release a variety of glue cartridges. In various embodiments, the adhesive cartridges include precision tips that provide, for example, flat even bead with little or no spill or drip. Other precision tips can be constructed and arranged for use with the precision glue gun. In some examples, the precision tips can be tailored to the specific adhesive contained in the cartridge.

Abstract: A container comprising a receptacle, a lid, and a funnel is disclosed. The receptacle defines an interior storage chamber and has an upper rim defining a top opening. The lid is removably attachable to the receptacle for enclosing the top opening. The lid comprises an interior surface. The lid defines an interior headspace between the upper rim of the receptacle and the interior surface of the lid. The funnel comprises a unitary body shaped to fit within the interior headspace.

Abstract: A paint can pouring assembly for reducing spillage from a paint can includes a paint can that contains a fluid paint. The paint can has an opening therein and a disk is removably coupled to the paint can for closing the opening. The disk has a vent aperture extending therethrough to ventilate air from the paint can when the disk is positioned on the paint can. A spout is removably coupled to the disk for dispensing a selected amount of the fluid paint from the paint can when the disk is positioned on the paint can. Moreover, the spout inhibits the fluid paint from spilling out of the paint can to protect the environment from spilled fluid paint.

Abstract: A reclosable cup lid that can include an upper surface having at least one recess formed therein, that is arcuate in shape. The reclosable cup lid can also include a tab configured to fit within the recess. The tab having an arcuate shape corresponding to the arcuate shape of the recess. The reclosable cup lid can also include an opening disposed within the recess to allow fluid flow therethrough. The tab can be adapted to move within the recess from a first position to a second position so that the opening is at least partially blocked when the tab is located in the first position and the opening is at least partially unobstructed when the tab is located in the second position.

Abstract: A refractory block configured to surround an outlet modifies, within a refractory vessel, the flow of molten metal passing through the outlet. The block takes the form of a base through which a main orifice passes, and a wall extending upwards around the periphery of the base. Structural features that may be included in the block include a circumferential lip around the exterior of the wall, an interior volume in which the radius decreases downwardly towards the main orifice in a plurality of steps, and flow openings in the wall that are configured to induce swirling in the flow pattern in the interior volume of the block.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closing system for a container to be held with a single hand. The closing system includes a cap having a skirt and a transversal wall provided with an access port, and a cover substantially parallel to the cap and with a guiding member intended to be used by a user to manipulate the cover. A hinge allows a planar rotation of the cover regarding the cap from a first position to close the access port to a second position to access the access port.

Abstract: A reclosable can lid is described that has a collar part and a lid receiving part composed of plastic that can be coupled to one another via a snap-in latching connection, wherein a tear line closed in itself is either partly perforated or is formed as a toothed separating line and the leak-tightness is ensured by a sealing film provided at the inner side of the lid cover.

Abstract: A control device (1) for a stopper (3) comprises: —an outer casing (10), —a control rod (6) sliding through the casing (10), rigidly attachable to the stopper (3), —a hydraulic circuit (20) including a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (21) and a reversible hydraulic pump (9), the hydraulic cylinder (21) having a first and a second chamber (21a, b) between which a piston (22) slides, the hydraulic pump (9) being connected directly to the first and second chamber (21a, b) by means of a first branch and a second branch (20a, b) of said hydraulic circuit (20, respectively, the piston being rigidly attached to the control rod (6), the hydraulic circuit (20) being entirely housed in the outer casing (10), —a control circuit (30) connected to the hydraulic circuit (20) to control the position of the piston (22).

Abstract: A beverage container comprises a container body defining an opening and having an interior volume and a 360° pour spout assembly removably coupled to the container body. The pour spout assembly comprises an outer plug and an inner plug at least partially received within the outer plug, the outer plug being removably coupled to the container body and the inner plug being vertically displaceable along a longitudinal container body axis and removably coupled to the outer plug.

Abstract: A pack having an opening region provided in the top of the pack which forms a pouring opening after it is cut through by an applied pouring element, the pouring element including a base body, a cutting element arranged movably therein, and a screw cap, the screw cap being used for first opening of the pack by actuating the cutting element and for reclosure, and the opening region having a weakened line. The weakened line has a round first section and a second section. The first time the composite pack is opened by moving the cutting element, the weakened line is cut in the first section and tears in the second section.

Abstract: Caps and container systems suited to dispensing products like cosmetics. Some of the caps include three portions that can be coupled together and that include a dispensing system that has an open position and a closed position.

Abstract: A reusable bottle cap, comprising a lower bottle attaching component, a threaded connector, an upper cap component having a lower collar portion and an upper lid portion, and a living hinge connecting the upper cap component lower collar portion and the upper cap component upper lid portion.

Abstract: Adapters for consumable product packages and methods of using same are provided. The adapters are designed to provide functional features to packages that are not structurally capable of providing such functions. The functional features may include, for example, spill-resistance, flow-control, ease of use, etc. In a general embodiment, the adapters of the present disclosure include a valve comprising an outlet and a cap that is so constructed and arranged to seal the valve. The valve is so constructed and arranged to provide a functional feature and to attach to a package fitment. In another embodiment, packages are provided that include two-component adapters configured to provide specific functional features to the packages.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatus useful for assisting in controlling the discharge of material onto a conveyor from a material dispenser includes a carrier, first and second side restrictors extending downwardly from the carrier and at least one wiper extending downwardly from the carrier and transverse to the side restrictors. The side restrictors are configured to assist in preventing at least some material from overflowing off the sides of the conveyor, while the wiper is configured to level the top of at least some of the material dispensed on the conveyor.

Abstract: Provided herein are protective spout covers adapted to couple to the universal dispensing spout of a food pouch, such as a baby food pouch. The protective spout covers may be formed from a flexible elastomer and may grip the spout securely via one or more gripping lips adapted to engage a corresponding groove on the universal spout. When so coupled, the protective spout cover may cushion the spout to protect the user's mouth and lips from injury. The protective spout cover also may include a food regulating valve that may control the flow of food from the pouch. The protective spout cover also may include a cap member to keep the protective spout cover clean when not in use, a gripping ring to facilitate use of the cap, and may have a size and durometer hardness sufficient to prevent the device from being a choking hazard.

Abstract: A cap may be adapted to engage a container and may preferably be adapted to facilitate engaging the container with another object or may be adapted to otherwise possibly simplify transport, use, or storage of the container.

Abstract: A dispensing device for dispensing carbonated beverage from a bottle having a screw-on cap, includes a body having a cap-engaging aperture, the cap-engaging aperture having able to engage the screw-on cap of the bottle to unscrew the cap in a bottle-inverted orientation for dispensing. According to one embodiment, the body comprises a concave member with a concave side and a convex side and having the cap-engaging aperture in a central region thereof, the concave side providing a collection area for beverage dispensed from the bottle and the concave member having at least one through opening for draining the beverage from the curved member. An alternate embodiment provides a handled dispensing device. A further embodiment provides a concave member that is formed with or fixed to the bottle cap.

Abstract: A dispensing closure is provided for an opening of a container wherein the closure has a dispensing condition of operation and a charging condition of operation, a neck structure (7) for fixing the closure to a container or for being fixed to a container, an outlet port (3) communicating with the opening, an actuator (9) movably mounted on the neck structure, and a deck structure (13) extending from the neck structure transversely over the opening and forming a discharge channel (61) extending substantially linearly from the outlet port to the opening and defining a longitudinal discharge direction and the longitudinal discharge direction of the discharge channel is inclined to a horizontal (H) in an acute inclination angle (alpha) and the dispensing condition of operation the deck structure is immovably fixed to the neck structure.

Abstract: A fluid supply system includes a fluid supply subsystem and a fluid bottle subsystem. Pressurized air or other suitable gas supplied to the fluid supply system causes a piston housed within the fluid supply subsystem to translate toward the fluid bottle subsystem, thereby sealing an interface between the fluid supply subsystem and the fluid bottle subsystem. The pressurized air or gas also causes a fluid (e.g., a coolant or rinse liquid) within the fluid bottle subsystem to flow through the piston and out of the fluid supply subsystem where it may be used. The fluid supply system enables the fluid bottle subsystem to be installed or uninstalled from the fluid supply subsystem without requiring bleeding off of the air or gas supplied to the fluid supply system and/or without requiring the fluid bottle subsystem to be rotated or twisted into place relative to the fluid supply subsystem.

Abstract: A pour spout for dispensing a beverage from a bottle including a bottle adapter for attaching to a bottle to receive a beverage from the bottle, a housing having a chamber into which a housing inlet and a housing outlet open, the housing inlet connected to the bottle adapter for receiving the beverage, a valve carriage moveably received within the chamber and having a carriage passage, a resilient first tube providing a first passageway for beverage to flow from the housing inlet to the carriage passage, a resilient second tube providing a second passageway for beverage to flow from the carriage passage to the housing outlet, a valve operatively connected to the valve carriage to control flow of the beverage through the housing from the housing inlet to the housing outlet; and a valve actuator for moving the valve carriage within the chamber to operate the valve open or closed.

Abstract: Drink containers include a liquid container and a cap assembly removably coupled to the liquid container. Cap assemblies include a body that defines a drink outlet for dispensing drink liquid, and an operational assembly that is operatively coupled to the body and that has at least an open configuration permitting drink liquid to be dispensed and a closed configuration restricting drink liquid from being dispensed. In some embodiments, the operational assembly also has a cleaning configuration in which portions of the operational assembly are spaced away from the body of the cap assembly for cleaning. In some embodiments, the operational assembly is positioned predominantly on the exterior of the body of the cap assembly.

Abstract: A closure for flexible containers or pouches that contain food products that provides at least two visual indicators showing that the cap has been partially or totally unscrewed from the spout. The first indicator is a tab in a window section of the cap that has its mounting filaments or bridges broken when the cap is unscrewed. These filaments or bridges connect the tab to the top portion of the cap. The second indicator is a vertical break or rupture line in the tab that indicates that the tab has been bent to rupturing.

Abstract: An improved beverage container of the type having a lid, a pour panel defined in the lid by a pour score and a vent panel defined in the lid by a vent score. A tab pivotally is mounted to the lid, wherein lifting the tab about a pivot in a lifting direction fractures the pour score and opens the pour panel. A secondary tab is carried by the tab, and is released into contact with the vent panel by lifting the tab to fracture the pour score, wherein pressing the tab in a direction generally opposite the lifting direction causes the secondary tab to fracture the vent score and open the vent panel. At least one anti-rotation member is disposed between the tab and the lid to prevent the tab from rotating about the rivet.

Abstract: A lower sealing valve unit for a charging system of a shaft furnace includes a housing having a pair of inlets and at least one outlet; a valve seat associated with each inlet; and a flap associated with each valve seat and adapted for, in a closed position, engaging the valve seat to sealingly close the inlet, each flap being supported by a pivotable shaft allowing displacement between the closed position and an open position off the associated valve seat, where a common structure, mounted to one side of the housing, includes a pair of drive mechanisms, each connected to one of the pivotable shafts for independent actuation thereof, the shafts passing coaxially though the housing side and being supported by the common structure.

Abstract: A pouring fitment (10) for a container, the fitment comprising a body with a spout through which liquid product can be dispensed in which the spout has a mouth including one or more corners (33) and one or more sides (32) such that the fitment can be selectively orientated so that fluid flows over a corner or across a side whereby to provide alternative fluid flow characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for dispensing a viscous fluid whether in combination, disassembly or assembly. The apparatus comprising a cartridge, reservoir or tube containing the fluid and having an openable or opened outlet structure which, when opened, allows the expression of the fluid from a created outlet aperture. A nozzle is engaged or engageable to the outlet structure and/or cartridge, reservoir or tube whereby fluid expressed from the outlet aperture can subsequently move to and be expressed from the nozzle outlet. The openable or opened outlet structure is adapted to provide on opening at least one outlet aperture having a size of area A; and wherein the nozzle has or is adapted to be cut to provide a nozzle outlet of area B, area B being greater than or equal to area A.

Abstract: A liquid dispensing system is provided. The liquid is preferably a grain-based distilled spirit. The system comprises a liquid container such as a Mason jar having a two-piece lid. The system also has a circular pouring cap. The pouring cap has at least two through-openings punched through the pouring cap. The circular pouring cap has a diameter dimensioned to enclose the open upper end of the jar and to be sealed between a screw-type ring and the upper end. In this way, the blank circular cap and the circular pouring cap are interchangeable. The system may also have at least two corks. The corks are dimensioned to be frictionally received within the at least two through-openings. In this way, the through-openings are selectively sealed. A method for pouring an alcoholic liquid from a Mason jar is also provided.

Abstract: An applicator head for selectively dispensing product includes a base structure and a support structure. The base structure includes a top face inclined relative to a bottom face, and a first side wall. The top face includes a base flange, and defines a first orifice in fluid communication with a fastener of the bottom face. The support structure includes a lower face inclined relative to an upper face, and a second side wall. The upper face includes a top surface and defines a second orifice. The lower face includes a support flange engaged with the base flange such that the support structure is pivotable relative to the base structure between first and second positions. Fluid communication is facilitated from the fastener through the second orifice in only one of the first and second positions. A dispenser is also provided.

Abstract: A flow gate includes first and second body members, first and second flow control members, and first and second locking mechanisms. The first and second body members operatively attach to and detach from each other. The first and second flow control members adjust between an open position, a closed position, and a plurality of partially opened positions. The first and second locking mechanisms selectively prevent and allow adjustment of the first and second flow control members. The first and second flow control members prevent the flow of material from an associated spreader when both the first and second flow control members are in the closed position, and allow the flow of material from the associated spreader when either the first or the second flow control member is in the opened position or in one of the plurality of partially opened positions.

Abstract: A closure assembly for a container includes a closure cap having an open ended body with a peripheral wall and a top wall provided with a dispensing passage which is defined by a collar arranged to the top wall. A self closing valve is arranged in the closure cap. The valve includes a slit central portion and a skirt extending downwardly from the central portion, which has an outwardly extending flange. The skirt is arranged in the collar and the flange is located below the collar and extends radially outwardly beyond it. On a lower surface of the top wall, a plurality of lips is formed outward from the collar. The lips are folded over the flange such that the latter is partly enveloped between the lips and the top wall so as to secure the valve in the closure cap.

Abstract: A device for selectively allowing and disallowing passage of semi-solid from a container. A housing has an inlet port through which semi-solid can enter, an outlet port through which semi-solid can exit, and a bore. A barrel fits, and can turn, within the bore. An operator outside the housing is operable to turn the barrel within the bore. The barrel has a through-passage which in a first position of operation by the operator, allows passage of semi-solid through the device by registering the inlet port to the outlet port. In a second position of operation passage of semi-solid is disallowed by the operator unregistering the inlet port to the outlet port. A cover external to the housing is selectively positionable with the barrel for occluding the outlet port in the second position and for not occluding the outlet port in the first position. Semi-solids include medicinal, edible, and non-edible materials.

Abstract: The rigid plastic container (V) is designed for being assembled with another rigid plastic container (V) and forming a dual-container dispenser. The container (V) comprises a neck finish (2) and a stretched body (3?) closed at its bottom end. The neck finish (2) comprises a tubular part (20), an upper wall (21), a lower wall (22) and a side wall (23). The side wall (23) extends between the upper (21) and lower (22) walls and said side wall (23), upper wall (21) and lower wall (22) form a housing (H) for the tubular part (20). The housing (H) comprises an assembly surface (S) formed by the edges of the side wall (23), upper wall (21 and lower wall (22). The tubular part (20) is opened at both ends and forms a path through the upper wall (21), within the housing (H) and through the lower wall (22), for filling the stretched body (31).

Abstract: A valve having a valve trigger which operates to provide coincident fluidic coupling of a fluid delivery passage and fluid compensation passage to a fluid source.

Abstract: A fitment (10) for a bottle (90) is provided. The fitment (10) comprises retaining means (60) for retaining it in a bottle closure (70). The retaining means is movable from a first position in which it engages the closure and a second position in which it does not.

Abstract: A multi-chambered container for selectively storing and dispensing a plurality of items may include predetermined quantities of first and second items and a container having a divided cavity formed therein. The container may further have a spout formed at a top end thereof and in fluid communication with the cavity. Additionally, the container may have first and second mutually exclusive passageways extending from the cavity and terminating at the spout. A mechanism may be included for selectively dispensing one of the first and second items from the spout. Such a mechanism may channel one item along a corresponding passageway while prohibiting another item from being dispensed. The mechanism may be operated by rotating a cam and semicircular disc to position an opening on a simultaneously rotated wheel over the desired passageway. The mechanism may rotate the opening 180 degrees for every 360 degree rotation of the cam.

Abstract: The inventive system and method advantageously enable superior adaptive connection of containers for storing and dispensing beverages to various dispensing systems, and more particularly to systems and methods for interfacing with, and controlling the flow of liquid from, various beverage storage/dispensing containers that comprise any of a variety of dispensing interface components. In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the inventive configurable releasable dispensing interface coupling adapter is configured to achieve a pressurized seal with a connected beverage storage/dispensing container, to accomplish connection with a pressurization-based beverage dispensing system or equivalent thereof.

Abstract: Intended to prevent the contents of a bottle from being consumed by unauthorized people, both in the case of alcoholic beverages and other hazardous liquids, it consists of a cap itself (47), a sort of upside-down bowl, with a tubular axial prolongation and (46) to guide the joining of the base body onto the pouring neck (44). It attaches to the bottle, the said bowl (47) resting its mouth on a group of outer numbered wheels (50), which in turn rest below on a stopper-bearing (54) that is crossed by a hook (57) resting in turn on the inner sets of wheels (49), which can be moved against the hook (57) by a spring (61). These inner wheels (49) have notches for joining radial plugs (48), notches that are conveniently placed with respect to said plugs to allow the detaching of the cap itself and the consequent opening of the bottle.