Abstract: An impeller for a torque converter is provided. The impeller includes an impeller shell including an inner circumference, an outer circumference and a radial extension extending radially outward from the inner circumference. The radial extension includes an axially extending groove formed therein. The impeller also includes an impeller hub welded to the impeller shell by a weld. The weld is radially inside of the axially extending groove. A method of forming an impeller for a torque converter is also provided.

Abstract: Apparatuses and systems that enable selective removal of protective coatings from substrates are disclosed. Such a material removal system may use pressurized solid carbon dioxide (CO2) (i.e., dry ice) to remove a selected portion of a protective coating from a substrate. The material removal system may include one or more templates that provide selectivity in removing protective coatings from one or more substrates, fixtures for holding one or more substrates in place while material removal processes occur and apparatuses for positioning one or more substrates at desired locations in material removal systems.

Abstract: A method of forming an impeller for a torque converter is provided. The method includes providing an impeller shell including a back axial surface for facing away from an interior of the torque converter, providing an impeller hub including an outer circumferential surface and forming a weld joining the impeller shell and the impeller hub. The weld is contiguous with the back axial surface of the impeller shell. The weld is also contiguous with the outer circumferential surface of the impeller hub. The weld includes a root where the impeller shell and the impeller hub meet the weld. The method also includes machining the root. An impeller for a torque converter is also provided.

Abstract: A roll (1) for supporting and conveying hot material, including a roll element that has a roll jacket (2) made of a basic material and a wear coat which is applied to the basic material by means of a surface welding process (4) using a welding additive which surrounds the surface of the roll jacket. In order to increase the service life of the wear coat, improve the resistance to wear, and reduce the cost for producing the welded-on surface. The basic material of the roll jacket (2) is steel and contains up to 0.45 percent of C. The welded-on surface (4) is designed as a single-layer weld, and the wear coat contains 12.5 to 14.0 percent of Cr at least in an external zone that surrounds the surface of the roll jacket. Also disclosed are a method for producing the roll (1), a method for repairing a used roll (1), a welding additive and a welding rod for producing the welded-on surface.

Abstract: An electrode for use in instruments capable of measuring the electrophoretic mobility of particles in solution is disclosed. The electrode is comprised of an inexpensive support member, generally made of titanium, onto a flat surface of which has been connected, generally by microwelding, a flat electrically conductive but chemically inert foil member, preferably platinum. A uniform texture can be generated on the exposed surfaces of the electrode by various means including tumbling the electrode with an abrasive. An oxide layer can be generated on the support member by soaking the composite electrode in an appropriate medium, protecting the exposed surface of the support member from fluid contact with the sample solution, while the foil member, unaffected by the oxidation process, is able to contact the sample solution.

Abstract: A visually seamless method of joining a first piece of metal and a second piece of metal is described. The first piece of metal is placed in contact with an edge of the second piece of metal. In some embodiments, the edge includes a sacrificial lip. The first piece of metal forming a junction area with the edge of the second piece of metal, applying a forging force to the first piece of metal, the forging force having an effect of creating an extremely tight fit up between the first and the second pieces of metal, welding the first and the second pieces to form an assembly and forming a cosmetically enhancing protective layer on the surface of the assembly, the protective layer obscuring any visible artifacts on the surface of the assembly, the obscured visible artifacts including any discoloration or discontinuity created by the laser welding.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is a method of forming a connection mechanism in or on a bulk-solidifying amorphous alloy by casting in or on, or forming with the bulk-solidifying amorphous alloy, a machinable metal. The connection mechanism can be formed by machining the machinable metal.

Abstract: A composite substrate manufacturing method including the steps of grinding a sapphire substrate to uniform the thickness of the sapphire substrate, next forming an optical device layer on the front side of the sapphire substrate, next bonding the front side of a heat sink substrate through a bonding metal layer to the front side of the optical device layer formed on the front side of the sapphire substrate to thereby form a composite substrate, next grinding the back side of the heat sink substrate of the composite substrate to uniform the thickness of the composite substrate, and finally grinding the back side of the sapphire substrate of the composite substrate to reduce the thickness of the sapphire substrate to a predetermined thickness.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a bicycle rim includes the following steps. A first bar of material and a second bar of material are formed by extrusion. The first bar and the second bar are respectively made into an arched section of material (unfinished external ring, unfinished internal ring) and cut. Excessive portions of the unfinished external and internal rings are cut from by trimming. The unfinished external and internal rings are assembled and interconnected to each other. The assembled unfinished external and internal rings are laterally pressed to promote a connection between the unfinished external and internal rings. The ends of the unfinished external ring are welded and connected to each other, and the ends of the unfinished internal ring are welded and connected to each other to from a rim structure. Any roughness of the rim structure is ground and the bicycle rim is finished.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite material and to processes for producing it. A composite material according to the invention contains at least one reinforcing component with an at least partially crystal-oriented titanium and/or titanium alloy phase. A composite material of this type has a high strength and rigidity and simultaneously a ductility that is higher than in the prior art.

Abstract: A composite substrate manufacturing method including the steps of grinding a sapphire substrate to uniform the thickness of the sapphire substrate, next forming an optical device layer on the front side of the sapphire substrate, next bonding the front side of a heat sink substrate through a bonding metal layer to the front side of the optical device layer formed on the front side of the sapphire substrate to thereby form a composite substrate, next grinding the back side of the heat sink substrate of the composite substrate to uniform the thickness of the composite substrate, and finally grinding the back side of the sapphire substrate of the composite substrate to reduce the thickness of the sapphire substrate to a predetermined thickness.

Abstract: Plural extrusion members 100, each having plural ribs 105 formed on one surface of a face plate 101, are mounted on a frame 40 with the surface not having the ribs 105 facing downward, and with the end regions of the adjacent members 100, 100 being butted to each other. Then, the end regions of said members 100 are welded using friction stir welding from the upper direction with a rotary body 20, and then a hairline finish is applied to said surface not having the ribs, which constitutes the exterior surface of the vehicle body. In this way, there is substantially no need to cut off the joint bead, which improves the appearance of the vehicle body and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A transfer fluxing apparatus is provided. The apparatus is a flux reservoir for holding flux, a compliant pad attached to an opening in the flux reservoir and a means for controlling deposition of flux onto the compliant pad. The apparatus can be attached to an automated component placement machine. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the control means is a valve located within the flux reservoir. The valve is opened by applying pressure to a plunger that extends through the compliant pad. When the plunger is pressed, the valve opens, and flux falls onto the compliant pad. Flux then passes through the pad to a component placement site. A method for automated fluxing and to component placement also is provided.

Abstract: An improved golf club head constructed having a hitting face or cushioned insert, crown and a sole. An interlocking bridge is formed between the crown and hitting face to reduce vibrations upon impact with a golf ball. Various metals are used in the construction and are joined together at the sole for perimeter weighting or balancing of the golf club head.

Abstract: A golf club head that comprises a main body portion formed by an investment casting of a first metallic material, and forming a cavity; a face reinforcement plate formed of metallic material, only the periphery of the face reinforcement plate is integral with the main body portion to support the plate, the plate forming a recess bounded by a peripheral lip; and a non-metallic ball striking second plate received in a recess and retained therein.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of a bar by roll-bonding of medium-alloy or high-alloy steel to mild steel involves the use of a tip composed of alloyed steel obtained by powder metallurgy, in which the compacting gangue of the tip has been retained so as to form a strong and intimate bond between the tip, the counter-tip, and the substrate.

Abstract: A golf club head has a main body portion formed by an investment casting of material such as stainless steel, beryllium copper, titanium, and aluminum. The face plate of the head is formed of a forged metal, such as forged carbon steel, this plate being welded to the face portion of the casting to form an integral assembly therewith. The forged metal faceplate affords a more solid impact and feel to the club which provides better control. Also, it has very high strength. Preferably, the head consists of cast stainless steel, and the face plate of forged stainless steel, both steels being of the same composition.

Abstract: A method for arranging at least one through-channel in a solid body, such as a hot runner, which includes the steps of:(1) providing at least two solid blocks which have complementary side faces and which are together sufficiently large to form the body,(2) forming corresponding grooves in the side faces of the solid blocks,(3) placing the side faces of the solid blocks together such that the grooves together bound a channel,(4) coupling of the blocks into a body, and(5) passing a liquid abrasive agent with force through the channel for a certain period of time in order to modify the channel into a desired rheological form through honing, which honing may be pulsating.

Abstract: In a method for producing a clad plate by rolling an improvement comprises: a base material, a cladding material, and a cover material overlaid one on another to form a multi-layer structure, and after cleaning joining surfaces of the materials, the cover material is welded to the base material along the periphery thereof, thereby sealing and fixing the cladding material between the cover material and base material, and forming a multi-layer assembly. A member for preventing warp is overlaid over an outer surface of the cover material via a separating agent, and the member for preventing warp and the base material are fixed to one another by welding along the periphery thereof, thereby forming a blank for rolling. The blank is hot-rolled, a rolled article is cut along its periphery to separate the means for preventing warp, and subsequently, the cover material is removed by machining, grinding, or pickling.

Abstract: An external shell of a pump wheel of a hydrodynamic flow unit manufactured from a sheet metal pressed part has, in its outlet-side region, an integral connecting sleeve with a cylindrical centering surface and a centered fastening surface extending thereform, and wherein the connecting sleeve is formed by upsettingly deforming, with the fastening surface being given a cylindrical shape and the centering surface being machined to its required diameter after upsettingly deforming.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of making an improved injection molding nozzle having an integral electrical heating element which is grounded adjacent the corrosion and wear resistant pointed tip. A main body is made of steel with a cylindrical central portion and a tapered portion adjacent a forward recessed end. The heating element is inserted through a heating element bore drilled diagonally through the tapered portion and wound in a spiral channel machined in the surface of the central portion. A high speed steel tapered tip portion is mounted on the forward end of the main body with the exposed forward end of the heating element extending into a central heating element bore therethrough. The surfaces of the assembly are sprayed with sticky acrylic lacquer and it is then dipped in a nickel powder bath. Beads of nickel brazing paste are applied to the joints. A high speed steel insert portion is dropped into the mouth of the bore, followed by a quantity of nickel brazing powder.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for remotely refurbishing valve seats are disclosed herein. The apparatus generally comprises a welding assembly having a welding head for depositing a bead of metal around the valve seat, and a positioning assembly detachably mountable onto the valve body for angularly and radially moving the welding head around the valve seat at a selected point along the axis of rotation of the seat. Additionally, the apparatus includes a control means operatively connected to the positioning assembly for controlling the movement of the welding head around the valve seat. In operation, the control means, which may include a microprocessor, first angularly moves the welding head 360.degree. around the circumference of the valve seat, then moves the welding head to a different point along the axis of rotation of the valve seat, and then rotates the welding head 360.degree. around the valve seat again for as many cycles as is necessary to rebuild the valve seat.

Abstract: A novel and highly efficient die forming method is disclosed wherein a plurality of blank workpieces, preferably plate blanks, are prepared and assembled together in a format such that a die blank may be produced therefrom which has a contour at least roughly approaching the contour of a desired die product. The blank workpieces are assembled together by permanently joining them, preferably by fusion-welding. The die blank so produced is then preferably subjected to heat-treatment and is thereupon machined, preferably by EDM, to progressively develop the desired contour therein from the rough-shaped contour.

Abstract: A technique for securing a tube to a flange includes the steps of inserting the end of the tube into an aperture provided on the flange from the first side of the flange such that a portion of the tube extends at least to, and preferably beyond the second side of the flange opposite the first side. A ceramic plug is optionally inserted into the end of the tube to prevent weld spatter and tube burn-through. The tube is then welded to the flange about the circumference of the tube from the second side of the flange, and that portion of the tube which extends beyond the second side of the flange is removed by grinding to produce the finished product.

Abstract: A method of fabricating conveyor or feed worms, especially those used in plastic processing machines, containing a tough steel core and a high wear resistant plating. Initially, there is fabricated a compound metal blank by forging or hot rolling a substantially rod-shaped steel core provided with a snugly bearing sleeve or sheath formed of the plating material while forming a metallic bond between the core and the sleeve and while reducing the sleeve diameter by at least 20%. After soft annealing the blank there is formed therefrom the worm profile, and then there is accomplished a thermal treatment which entails hardening and tempering in order to set the hardness of the plating material as well as the core material, and finally there is accomplished the finished machining to the final dimensions.

Abstract: A method of grinding an annular surface into a flat annular surface, in which a front cover for a torque converter is formed by means of press-forming and the thus press-formed front cover is supported floatingly on a supporting table and pressed against an annular grinding stone to be ground.

Abstract: A method of attaching a sole plate to a hollow metal golf club head by providing a dam integral with the head whereby a metallic melt is sustained around the periphery of the sole plate. The dam is later removed so that the sole plate and golf club head are the same height.

Abstract: A decorative metal article of manufacture and the process of making it including assembling alternate layers of steel and brazing alloys, heating them while in intimate contact, then removing portions of the layers leaving elevated portions adjacent to depressed portions, and then subjecting the structure to compression to compress the elevated portions to the level of the depressed portion, and finally polishing the article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method used for manufacturing projectiles or other ammunition units such as artillery shells, and specifically to fastening a driving band (10) and/or a pipe cap (13) to the projectile body (1). In order to obtain a strong joint between the driving band (10) and the projectile body (1) as well as a simple manufacturing method the driving band (10) with the pipe cap (13) are fastened to the rear part of the projectile body (1) simultaneously, i.e. in the one and same working operation, by means of explosive cladding. The driving band and pipe cap material (7) formed as a "cup" is disposed on the rear part of the projectile body after which detonating explosive (8) with a very high pressure joins the material (7) to the outer surface of the projectile body. The clad material is then machined to form the driving band (10), circumferential grooves (14, 15) and the pipe cap (13) into their desired dimensions.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for rework dressing a chip site on a substrate prior to rejoining a chip by solder reflow. A compliant mask is aligned and placed on the substrate so that remnant solder columns on chip site pads protrude through holes in the mask. A brush mechanically removes excess solder and dresses any remaining solder columns to uniform shapes and volumes.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a sink of stainless steel having a tub member connected integrally or by assembly with a plate member forming a drain board. The process comprises forming the members of stainless steel, one of the members being coated with an adherent color layer of abrasion resistant material. The tub member is joined to the plate member along a rounded annular connection region to which the color layer extends and the annular connection region is tangentially ground all along its length to form a chamfer providing a precise connection between the color layer on the coated member with the bare surface of the other member. In the case where the color layer is applied after the members are connected together, a removable mask is placed in the areas which are not to be coated. When the tub member and plate member are assembled together from separate units, such assembly can be effected by electrically welding the members together at the bare contacting surfaces.

Abstract: A method of making a brake friction pad which includes the steps of placing a sintered friction material into a retainer cup, heating the friction material and the retainer cup to a predetermined temperature in an inert atmosphere, and striking the friction material with a single blow of a predetermined force. This single blow increases the density of the friction material and establishes a metallurgical bond between the friction material and the retainer cup.

Abstract: A method of attaching a sintered friction material to a steel reinforcing cup. The sintered friction material is loosely placed in the steel reinforcing cup. An electrical induction heater surrounds the reinforcing cup and rapidly raises the temperature of the reinforcing cup to a predetermined temperature. When the predetermined temperature is reached, the reinforcing cup and sintered friction material are immediately moved to a press before the temperature of the bulk of the sintered friction material is significantly changed by thermal conduction of heat from the steel cup to the friction material. A single compressive force is applied to the sintered friction material and the steel reinforcing cup to compact the sintered friction material to a predetermined density and to form a metallurgical bond along the entire interface between the friction material and the reinforcing cup.