Physical Processes Patents (Class 23/293R)
  • Patent number: 6162263
    Abstract: Metal cyanide suitable for shipment is prepared by introducing an aqueous metal cyanide feed stream to a crystallizer to form a slurry of metal cyanide crystals in their mother liquor. The crystallization step occurs at a temperature between 30.degree. C. and 70.degree. C., and preferably between 50.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. The metal cyanide crystals are separated from their mother liquor to form a wet cake product containing from about 75 to 98 wt. % anhydrous metal cyanide crystals, from about 4 to 24 wt. % water, and from about 1 to 5 wt. % of metal hydroxide. The wet cake product is placed into a shipping container for shipment to a desired location. A metal cyanide solution is prepared by dissolving the wet cake product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 4, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 19, 2000
    Assignee: Mining Services International
    Inventors: John T. Day, Clayton Odum, Mark Reynolds
  • Patent number: 6159252
    Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of granulates by fluidized bed spray granulation and to a device for this purpose. Liquid starting materials may be converted into granulates by fluidized bed spray granulation. In order to ensure elevated material throughput, numerous nozzles, which are moreover susceptible to plugging and encrustation, must be installed.The disadvantages of known processes may be overcome according to the invention by arranging at least two spray nozzles at least partially directed towards each other in such a manner and the quantity of spray is adjusted in such a manner that their spray jets collide within the fluidized bed and substantially no liquid strike-through occurs onto a surface delimiting the fluidized bed or out of the fluidized bed. The spray jets of two spray nozzles directed towards each other collide frontally or enclose an angle of less than 180.degree.; the angle is preferably between 150.degree. and 180.degree..
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 26, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 12, 2000
    Assignee: Degussa-Hus Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Rudiger Schutte, Claas-Jurgen Klasen, Martin Bewersdorf, Hans-Christian Alt
  • Patent number: 6110438
    Abstract: The specification describes a method for producing black phosphorus from red phosphorus by thermally cycling red phosphorus in a vacuum between 360-400.degree. C. and 200-240.degree. C., whereupon the red phosphorous undergoes an allotropic phase change to black phosphorus.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 1999
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2000
    Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.
    Inventors: James Nelson Baillargeon, Keh-Yeng Cheng, Alfred Yi Cho, Sung-Nee George Chu, Wen-Yen Hwang
  • Patent number: 6056791
    Abstract: In a novel process for the production of particles or powders, a substance or mixture of substances to be treated is provided in a pressure vessel. A highly compressible fluid is dissolved under pressure in the substance or mixture of substances provided until a solution containing 5% to 90% by weight of said highly compressible fluid has formed. The melting point of said highly compressible fluid is at least around 40 K lower than the melting point of the substance or mixture of substances to be treated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 7, 1997
    Date of Patent: May 2, 2000
    Inventors: Eckhard Weidner, Zelijko Knez, Zoran Novak
  • Patent number: 5969044
    Abstract: Process for airtight and/or moisture-proof packaging of air-sensitive and/or moisture-sensitive materials for the introduction of the packaged materials in a chemical reactor. Described is a process for the airtight and/or moisture-proof packaging of air-sensitive and/or moisture-sensitive materials in a foil and a method for introducing the packaged materials in a reactor, whereby the polymer foil is dissolved in an organic solvent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 8, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 19, 1999
    Assignee: Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Serge Fritz, Reinhold Feldmann
  • Patent number: 5935275
    Abstract: A description is given of a process for producing weakly agglomerated, densified and/or crystallized nanosize particles which is characterized in that either(a) a suspension containing amorphous or partially crystalline nanosize particles is produced in a conventional manner from precursors for the nanosize particles, where the nanosize particles are produced in a solvent which has no solvent capability, or only a low solvent capability, for the particles and in the presence of at least one surface-blocking substance, or(b) an already formed powder comprising amorphous or partially crystalline nanosize particles is suspended in the solvent specified under (a) in the presence of the surface-blocking substance or substances specified under (a), or(c) a sol containing amorphous or partially crystalline nanosize particles is suspended in the solvent specified under (a) in the presence of the surface-blocking substance or substances specified under (a); andthe suspension thus produced is subjected to conditions wh
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 29, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1999
    Assignee: Institut Fur Neue Materialien gemeinnutzige GmbH
    Inventors: Detlef Burgard, Rudiger Nass, Helmut Schmidt
  • Patent number: 5837211
    Abstract: Methods of reducing foam in Bayer process liquor are provided, said methods comprising adding a composition to the Bayer process liquor that comprises a tri(alkoxy alkyl) phosphate and a hydroxyl group containing carrier.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 7, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 17, 1998
    Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.
    Inventors: Samuel S. Wang, Dennis G. Downing, Peter V. Avotins
  • Patent number: 5807410
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing elemental sulfur which is present in a gas in the form of vapor and/or entrained particles, in which process the gas to be treated is cooled. The gas to be treated is introduced into a heat exchanger at the lower end thereof and with the aid of the temperature and/or the flow velocity of the cooling medium it is ensured that the wall of the heat exchanger has a temperature below the solidification point of sulfur and above the dew point of water, if any, present in the gas. The deposited sulfur is removed under the influence of gravity countercurrent to the gas to be treated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 29, 1997
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1998
    Assignees: Comprimo B.V., Gastec N.V.
    Inventors: Johannes Borsboom, Jan Adolf Lagas
  • Patent number: 5660599
    Abstract: Compacted ITO material is ground to a powder with particles in the size range of less than 500 .mu.m, whereupon the powder thus obtained is molded into new target blanks, either alone or in a mixture with unused ITO powder, under the simultaneous action of pressure and temperature. The temperature is kept sufficiently low so that recrystallization does not take place and the original grain size is preserved.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1997
    Assignee: Leybold Materials GmbH
    Inventors: Martin Schlott, Wolfgang Dauth, Martin Kutzner
  • Patent number: 5578285
    Abstract: A process for reducing the average particle size of an ammonium paratungstate powder having the steps of heating the ammonium paratungstate powder at a temperature of between about 110.degree. C. to about 205.degree. C. for a time sufficient to reduce the average particle size of the ammonium paratungstate powder by at least 20 percent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 26, 1996
    Assignee: Osram Sylvania Inc.
    Inventor: Thomas A. Wolfe
  • Patent number: 5433932
    Abstract: In a process for recovering an alkali metal azide from a waste gas generating material containing the alkali metal azide and a metal oxide reactable with the azide, the gas generating material is mixed with a solvent for the alkali metal azide. This produces a slurry comprising (i) a solution comprising the solvent and the alkali metal azide, and (ii) the metal oxide. The slurry is separated into a liquid stream comprising primarily the solution and a sludge stream comprising primarily the metal oxide. The liquid stream is filtered in a filter to produce a filtrate which is substantially free of metal oxide and is then concentrated by evaporation of the solvent to produce crystals of the alkali metal azide. The separation may be carried out by a filter or centrifuge to produce a filter or centrifuge cake. The sludge obtained from the slurry is reslurried to recover additional azide, and the resulting slurry is again separated into a sludge and a liquid stream by a filter or centrifuge.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 18, 1995
    Assignee: TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
    Inventors: John F. Clausen, Christopher C. Shih
  • Patent number: 5395806
    Abstract: A novel alkaline earth metal carbonate product for use as a raw material in the glass manufacturing process is disclosed. The alkaline earth metal carbonate becomes a part of the liquid phase in the glass furnace more readily and at a lower temperature; it decomposes to release carbon dioxide gas more rapidly so that all of the gas can escape from the molten glass more easily. Using these alkaline earth metal carbonate compositions, the production capacity of a glass furnace is increased.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: Chemical Products Corporation
    Inventors: Charles Adams, Jr., Jerry A. Cook
  • Patent number: 5383940
    Abstract: Invention relates to a process of producing solid sodium cyanide. The process according to the invention is characterized in that an aqueous sodium cyanide solution (1) of 30 to 45% by mass, containing up to 5% by mass solids, is granulated in two process steps in counterflow with heated air, wherein in the first process step a fluidized bed is produced in a fluidized bed granulator (4) by means of hot air (5) from the second process step, in so doing the air being cooled down to a temperature of 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. a sodium cyanide granulate of 2 to 6 mm being set in a classifying discharge duct (16) and the same being dried to a residual moisture of 1.5 to 4% by mass, wherein in the second process step in a further fluidized bed of a drier (14) the granulate produced is dried through an air current (25) with initial temperatures of 150.degree. to 230.degree. C. to a residual moisture settable at liberty of less than 1.5% by mass and is removed by way of a cellular wheel (20 ).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1995
    Assignee: Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH
    Inventors: Reinhard Bober, Walter Spielmann
  • Patent number: 5374766
    Abstract: This invention relates to a novel ester which presents as (CF 1) and a method for the production of the same as well as a process for hydrolysis and a method for the determination of an optical purity using this ester, and the object thereof is to provide an intermediate for the synthesis or various natural products, which has high stability, and the optical purity of which can readily be determined, according to the esterification of 1-oxo-5-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexene which is unstable to acids and alkalis.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 30, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 20, 1994
    Assignee: Nitto Denko Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Shuji Senda, Eiichiro Fukuzaki, Yutaka Nakazono, Tetsuo Omata
  • Patent number: 5366513
    Abstract: A method for preparing granulated alkaline earth metal carbonate, particularly barium carbonate or strontium carbonate, by adding a binding agent and optionally water; granulating the resulting mixture, preferably in the presence of water; drying the granular product; and optionally subjecting the granular product to a high-temperature treatment, in which the material to be granulated and the granulated material do not contact any inorganic refractory material during the granulation, during subsequent drying, and during any high-temperature treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 22, 1994
    Assignee: Solvay Barium Strontium GmbH
    Inventors: Dieter Goldmann, Ludwig Pfeifer, Karl Koehler, Peter Wallbrecht, Norbert Mingels
  • Patent number: 5346511
    Abstract: A method for defoaming a Bayer process liquor, the method comprising the steps of adding to the Bayer process liquor an effective amount of an antifoam/defoamer composition comprising a polyether surfactant and a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 13, 1994
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventor: Peter A. Dimas
  • Patent number: 5336271
    Abstract: A method for increasing the proportion of a crystalline organic compound which remains amorphous and suppressing recrystallization in which a crystalline organic compound and a hydrophilic polymer substance are fixed onto a surface of core particles by means of impacts applied in a high velocity gas stream. The solubility and stability of the resulting composite product, such as a drug for internal use, can be improved.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 20, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 9, 1994
    Assignee: Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Takafumi Ishizaka, Yuji Kikuchi, Masumi Koishi
  • Patent number: 5286470
    Abstract: The characteristics of compacted sodium silicate, in particular the attrition resistance,are improved by contacting the material with water in an agitated bed. A preferred route for adding moisture is the use of steam which gives efficient distribution in the bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 31, 1991
    Date of Patent: February 15, 1994
    Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
    Inventor: Francois Delwel
  • Patent number: 5281242
    Abstract: A simple, efficient and inexpensive method of purifying magnesium sulfate from mixtures of epsomite and halite. The method allows for the preparation of substantially pure magnesium sulfate products. The method generally involves heating a mixture of epsomite and halite to form clusters of lower hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals and subsequently applying slight pressure to the clusters so that they collapse to yield fine, less hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals which can then be easily separated from the comparatively coarse halite crystals. The less hydrated magnesium sulfate crystals can be recrystallized to provide highly purified epsomite which can then be dehydrated to provide kieserite or anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 25, 1994
    Assignee: Exportadora de Sal, S.A de C.V.
    Inventor: Abraham Sadan
  • Patent number: 5275793
    Abstract: The present invention describes a method and apparatus in which solid gelatin chunks are liquefied, tempered, and debubbled in a single operation. The debubbling step is accomplished by evacuating and sealing off the loaded solid reservoir and heat exchanger before initiating the liquefying step. After the vacuum is applied, the gelled chunks are pressed into the heat exchanger, where heat is applied to the gelled chunks of photographic material. This liquefies the gelled chunks of photographic material. When the liquefied product gives a positive pressure at the heat exchanger outlet, the liquefied product is allowed to flow from the heat exchanger. Liquefying and tempering are performed as the solid chunks are pushed through the heat exchanger by the reservoir piston.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 4, 1994
    Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventors: Walter Johannes, Daniel J. Wooster
  • Patent number: 5269817
    Abstract: A melt is crystallized by introducing the melt into a gap formed between two belts. The gap-forming flights of the belts travel in opposite directions. An upper one of the flights is cooled so that an upper surface of the melt crystallizes thereon and is removed from the gap on the upper belt. The lower belt removes the residual melt from the gap and that residual melt is recycled to the gap.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 14, 1993
    Assignee: Santrade Ltd.
    Inventors: Konrad Schermutzki, Herbert Wurmseher
  • Patent number: 5201923
    Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a stoichiometric B1-type tantalum nitride and a sintered body thereof.A B1-type tantalum nitride and a sintered body thereof, wherein a stoichiometric B1-type tantalum nitride is produced typically according to the method of impact compression, having the properties (a) that the X-ray diffraction substantially shows a pattern ascribed to the stoichiometric B1-type tantalum nitride alone but not others, (b) that the measured value of the lattice spacing D (h, k, l) has a deviation of 0.00013 nm or less from the corresponding value calculated based on the B1 structure, (c) that the lattice constant is 0.4335.about.0.4338 nm, (d) that the electron diffraction image substantially shows the spots particular to the stoichiometric B1-type tantalum nitride alone but not others and (e) the value of Z in TaN.sub.z is within a range of 0.96-1.01.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 13, 1993
    Assignee: Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Tsutomu Mashimo, Minoru Nishida, Susumu Yamaya, Hisashi Yamasaki
  • Patent number: 5194067
    Abstract: A process is provided whereby the hydrogen peroxide-containing oxidate from methyl benzyl alcohol oxidation is extracted with water and with ethyl benzene extractive solvent and an aqueous hydrogen peroxide phase is separated from an ethyl benzene solvent phase which also contains methyl benzyl alcohol and acetophenone, the improvement being that ethyl benzene is introduced into the extraction zone below the point of introduction of the oxidate, thus avoiding the possibility of formation of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide phase concentrated to a hazardous degree in hydrogen peroxide in the extraction zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 29, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 16, 1993
    Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.
    Inventors: Rajendra S. Albal, Robert N. Cochran, David W. Leyshon, Lawrence M. Candela
  • Patent number: 5169406
    Abstract: The invention concerns a method of preparing brine by dissolving salt in water, the salt containing sodium chloride but also calcium sulfate and/or other soluble impurities with a slower dissolution rate than sodium chloride, wherein the salt is supplied to a vessel including a grid for supporting a salt bed, water is supplied and flows through and wets at least a portion of the salt bed before it flows through the grid, whereby small solid particles form and pass through the grid whereafter they are separated from the solution, said small particles containing essentially no sodium chloride.The invention further concerns a device for making brine by dissolving salt in water, which device comprises a vessel containing a grid support, means for supplying solid salt, means for supplying water, means for the outflow of brine, and means for removing undissolved salt particles at the bottom of the vessel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 8, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 8, 1992
    Assignee: Eka Nobel AB
    Inventor: Mohan P. Tewari
  • Patent number: 5164263
    Abstract: Methods are described for preparing aluminum nitride of controllable morphology for ceramic and heat conduction applications. The methods comprise forming spherical particles or flakes of an intermediate, RAlNH, followed by heating the spheres or flakes of RAlNH at elevated temperatures to produce high purity aluminum nitride of corresponding morphology. Spheres of RAlNH are formed by (i) freezing a suspension of RAlNH in a liquid medium and thawing, by (ii) aging the suspension, or by (iii) dissolving RAlNH in a liquid medium and precipitating it. Flakes are formed by freezing a suspension of RAlNH in a liquid medium and removing frozen medium from the frozen suspension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1989
    Date of Patent: November 17, 1992
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co.
    Inventors: John D. Bolt, Walter Mahler, Frederick N. Tebbe, Robert J. Young, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5160470
    Abstract: The present invention is a simple method for densifying colloidal silica. The method comprises feeding colloidal silica, recovered from a smelting process and having a density within a range of about 50 kg/m.sup.3 to 300 kg/m.sup.3, by a nearly horizontal feed means to a pair of vertically juxtaposed pressure rolls having surface depressions positioned so that the surface depressions of one roll corresponds to the undepressed surface portions of the other roll. The method does not require deaeration of the colloidal silica prior to densification and can be run as a continuous process. Colloidal silica densified by the present process is especially suitable for use as a reinforcing agent for concrete.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 20, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 3, 1992
    Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation
    Inventors: Steven W. Graville, Clifford C. Reese
  • Patent number: 5147412
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process in which a melt is mixed with, and emulsified in a colder aqueous phase at a temperature below the crystallization point of the molten compound, the melt only solidifying in the form of the dispersed particles after the emulsification step. To this end, the melt is sprayed into the aqueous phase to form a preliminary emulsion (12) and the preliminary emulsion is finely dispersed for 0.005 s to 0.15 s in a following homogenization nozzle (8) to form an emulsion (15) which then solidifies to form the final crystal suspension. The particle size can be clearly and reproducibly adjusted through the nozzle pressure during the emulsification step. The process may be used in particular for the production of highly concentrated dispersions of high-melting organic materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Bernd Klinksiek, Dietmar Kalz, Carsten Gerdes, Ferdinand Kummeler, Gunter Heinrich, Karl Reizlein, Manfred Zimmermann
  • Patent number: 5087335
    Abstract: A process for cooling gaseous chlorine in which gaseous chlorine at elevated temperature and at a pressure of greater than 0.5 bar gauge, for example, up to 12 bar gauge, is cooled by directly contacting the gaseous chlorine with an aqueous solution of a solute, for example, with an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution from which chlorine may be produced by electrolysis.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 19, 1989
    Date of Patent: February 11, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries plc
    Inventor: Stephen F. Kelham
  • Patent number: 5066441
    Abstract: A process for treating calcium phosphate fine particles which includes the step of compacting the particles under pressure to form a sheet.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1988
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1991
    Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc Basic Chemicals Co.
    Inventor: Thomas W. Gerard
  • Patent number: 5011819
    Abstract: A process is disclosed for the formation of a uniform and homogeneous mixture of a plurality of compounds in a desired stoichiometric ratio as a precipitate from a fluid under supercritical processing conditions which comprises dissolving at a first supercritical temperature a stoichiometric mixture of compounds in a fluid in a closed reaction vessel having a fixed first volume and rapidly expanding the volume in which the fluid is confined to lower the density sufficiently to cause the stoichiometric mixture of compounds to precipitate as a unifrom and stoichiometrically accurate mixture of the compounds, preferably without changing the phase of the fluid. The process may be used to form a high quality superconductor material because of the uniform and homogeneous distribution of the precipitated components in a stoichiometrically accurate ratio throughout said mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 2, 1988
    Date of Patent: April 30, 1991
    Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Company
    Inventor: Jacques Leibovitz
  • Patent number: 4938946
    Abstract: A manufacturing plant and process for production of hydrogen on the moon uses lunar minerals as feed and a minimum of earth-imported, process materials. Lunar feedstock is the pulverized surface layer of lunar soil known as regolith. The regolith contains up to about 150 ppm (wt.) hydrogen presumably derived from the "solar wind". The regolith is screened and fines of less than 200 micron size are recovered. The 200 micron, and smaller, particles are introduced into a fluidized bed reactor and fluidized in a hydrogen gas stream at a temperature of about 600.degree. C. The off-gas is passed through an absorber to separate by-product gases, such as hydrogen sulfide, which may be generated in the process, part of the hydrogen is removed to storage, and the remainder is recycled to fluidize the reactor. The recovered raw product gas is preferably further treated using combinations of selected membrane permeations and cryogenic distillations to purify product hydrogen and recover byproduct .sup.3 He, .sup.4 He, N.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 3, 1990
    Assignee: Carbotek, Inc.
    Inventors: Michael A. Gibson, Christian W. Knudsen
  • Patent number: 4908197
    Abstract: Methods are described for preparing aluminum nitride of controllable morphology for ceramic and heat conduction applications. The methods comprise forming spherical particles or flakes of an intermediate, RA1NH, followed by heating the spheres or flakes of RA1NH at elevated temperatures to produce high purity aluminum nitride of corresponding morphology. Spheres of RA1NH are formed by (i) freezing a suspension of RA1NH in a liquid medium and thawing, by (ii) aging the suspension, or by (iii) dissolving RA1NH in a liquid medium and precipitating it. Flakes are formed by freezing a suspension of RAINH in a liquid medium and removing frozen medium from the frozen suspension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 7, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 13, 1990
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: John D. Bolt, Walter Mahler, Frederick N. Tebbe, Robert J. Young, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4902301
    Abstract: A process for manufacturing, shipping and unloading substantially solid, ice-like sodium cyanide dihydrate containing essentially no liquid water. A slurry of 58 weight percent or higher sodium cyanide is rapidly cooled to the anhydrous/dihydrate transition temperature while minimizing the settling out of sodium cyanide crystals to form the product in a container. Dissolution prior to unloading is by adding heat and water or dilute sodium cyanide solution.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1988
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1990
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Janet M. Rogers, Harold F. Porter
  • Patent number: 4897085
    Abstract: A process is provided whereby the hydrogen peroxide-containing oxidate from methyl benzyl alcohol oxidation is contacted with ethyl benzene extractive solvent and a hydrogen peroxide phase is separated from a solvent phase which also contains methyl benzyl alcohol and acetophenone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 10, 1989
    Date of Patent: January 30, 1990
    Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Robert N. Cochran, Lawrence M. Candela
  • Patent number: 4888308
    Abstract: A glass manufacturing process using a granular, free-flowing form of alkaline earth metal carbonate, e.g., barium or strontium carbonate, is disclosed. The alkaline earth metal carbonate has a relatively high bulk density and is made without sintering, grinding, or briquetting. The carbonate is prepared from a fine particle size material by the following steps:(a) forming a suspension of the carbonate in water with enough deflocculating agent, e.g., sodium polyacrylate or sodium hexametaphosphate, to substantially completely deflocculate the carbonate;(b) drying the resulting suspension, at a temperature that is elevated, but without heating the carbonate to its sintering point, for example, by spray drying in a spray drier operating at an inlet temperature in the range of about 400.degree. to 600.degree. C., to obtain a granular material primarily passing 10 mesh and held on a 150 mesh screen (Tyler); and(c) heating the granular material to about 600.degree. to 700.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 18, 1988
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1989
    Assignee: Chemical Products Corporation
    Inventors: Charles Adams, Jr., Jerry A. Cook
  • Patent number: 4888161
    Abstract: A method of converting fine particle size alkaline earth metal carbonate, e.g., barium or strontium carbonate, into a free-flowing granular form with relatively high bulk density, without sintering, grinding, or briquetting, is disclosed. It involves the following steps:(a) forming a suspension of the carbonate in water with enough deflocculating agent, e.g., sodium polyacrylate or sodium hexametaphosphate, to substantially completely deflocculate the carbonate;(b) drying the resultant suspension at a temperature that is elevated, but without heating the carbonate to its sintering point, for example by spray drying in a spray drier operating at an inlet temperature in the range of about 400.degree. to 600.degree. C., to obtain a granular material primarily passing 10 mesh and held on a 150 mesh screen (Tyler); and(c) heating the granular material to about 600.degree. to 700.degree. C., which causes it to shrink, thereby increasing its bulk density by at least about 5%, preferably at least 10 or 20 percent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 1988
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1989
    Assignee: Chemical Products Corporation
    Inventors: Charles Adams, Jr., Jerry A. Cook
  • Patent number: 4877595
    Abstract: Pyrogenically prepared silicic acid is compressed by a rotary filter equipped with a pressing band.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 16, 1988
    Date of Patent: October 31, 1989
    Assignee: Degussa Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Reinhard Klingle, Reinhard Manner
  • Patent number: 4849194
    Abstract: The crystallization of a crystalline silicate product from an crystallization mixture is monitored by measuring the specific electrical conductivity of the mixture. The crystallization of metallosilicates, such as aluminosilicate zeolites, may be monitored in this way. Measurement of the electrical conductivity of the crystallization mixture may be carried out on line in a batch or continuous crystallization process. In a continuous process the conductivity may be monitored and used to control the crystallization process parameters in order to achieve a desired degree of crystallinity in the product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 19, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 18, 1989
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Sowmithri Krishnamurthy, Donald J. Klocke
  • Patent number: 4822584
    Abstract: A process for obtaining phosphorus from an aqueous suspension of a phosphorus slime comprising subjecting the aqueous suspension to at least one electric discharge of an energy of from 20 to 180 J as calculated per kg of the phosphorus slime in a DC electric field, or the aqueous suspension of the phosphorus slime is subjected to the effect of an AC electric field with a power of 85-250 W. The process is conducted at a temperature not below the melting point of phosphorus.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 3, 1988
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1989
    Assignee: Institute Organitcheskogo Sinteza I Uglekhimii An Kaz SSR
    Inventors: Murat Z. Zhurinov, Kappas Kusaiynov, Tleubai M. Alzhanov, Zhanaly S. Bekturganov, Abduali Baeshov, Asyk-At Z. Zhagufarov, Kanat S. Ibishev, Mukan D. Atabaev, Klim A. Kim
  • Patent number: 4816239
    Abstract: A process for producing acidic boratozirconium chloride sols which comprises: reacting a zirconium compound with a boron compound in molar ratios of B/Zr of 0.3-1.2 together with a compound of a metal M other than boron, the metal M being selected from the group consisting of divalent, trivalent, tetravalent and pentavalent metals in molar ratios of M/Zr of about 0.01-1 in water in the presence of chloride ions in molar ratios of Cl/Zr of not less than about 1.The acidic boratozirconium chloride sol may be converted to basic boratozirconium sols by reacting the acidic sol with a basic carbonate compound such as ammonium carbonate.The sols, either acidic or basic, are readily gelled by contact with a dehydration solvent such as methanol or acetone.The gel is calcined at relatively low temperatures to provide zirconia which is either very pure or stabilized in varied degrees.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 1987
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1989
    Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Takeo Wada, Hiroshi Onaka, Hideaki Matsuda
  • Patent number: 4816222
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to obtain a suspension and/or a solution of limestone powder in water. The limestone powder is placed on a grating (7) of such a mesh size that only a negligible quantity of the powder by itself passes through the grating (7) of such a mesh size that only a negligible quantity of the powder by itself passes through the grating (7). The grating is sprayed from underneath with water from several nozzles (10) so positioned that the main part of the surface of the grating (7) is sprayed. At least a part of the water passes by this through the grating (7), loosens and/or dissolves the powdered limestone and carries this with it when the water runs back through the grating (7). The water and the suspended and/or dissolved limestone powder in it are collected under the grating (7). The apparatus is also equipped with a vibrating device and has a sedimentation container in the lower portion of the container.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1987
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1989
    Inventor: Per-Ake Fagrell
  • Patent number: 4806331
    Abstract: A strontium or barium carbonate product that is better suited for use as a glass ingredient is obtained by sintering the powdered carbonate in a kiln lined with fused amorphous silica. The carbonate picks up fewer harmful contaminants from the amorphous silica lining than it does from, say, a refractory silica-alumina brick lining or a kiln having a metallic inner surface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 30, 1987
    Date of Patent: February 21, 1989
    Assignee: Chemical Products Corporation
    Inventors: Charles Adams, Jr., Jerry A. Cook
  • Patent number: 4798718
    Abstract: A method of preparing an active magnesium-hydride or magnesium hydrogen-storer system which can reversibly take up H.sub.2, comprising contacting finely divided magnesium hydride or metallic magnesium with a solution of a metal complex or of a metal-organic compound of a transition metal of Subgroups IV-VIII of the periodic table, and then removing the solution. The product performs better with regard to speed and efficiency upon repeated hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, as in hydrogen storage and evolution.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 27, 1987
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1989
    Assignee: Studiengesellschaft Kohle, GmbH
    Inventor: Borislav Bogdanovic
  • Patent number: 4797230
    Abstract: Applicants' invention relates to a method for dissolving a solute material in a container by contacting the solute with a solvent in another container. Applicants' method relies upon the difference in the specific gravities of the solvent and the solute to create a convection current between their respective containers. The material, either the solute or the solvent, having the larger specific gravity is placed above the material having the smaller specific gravity, and the two materials are brought into contact. The solute dissolves in the solvent, and the resulting solution, which has a lower or higher specific gravity than the solvent, causes a convection current which draws the heavier material down and the lighter material up. As the convection current proceeds, the undissolved solute continues to come into contact with fresh solvent accelerating the dissolution process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 1986
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1989
    Assignee: Shinto Paint Co. Ltd.
    Inventors: Kiyoshi Yamamoto, Toshihiro Nakamura, Tadao Ito, Keiichiro Inui
  • Patent number: 4784677
    Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for controlling a process for the separation of air to obtain oxygen, argon, and nitrogen products, and more particularly for controlling the composition of the feedstream to a column for producing crude argon. The nitrogen content of the feedstream is directly analyzed in real time and maintained within a preselected range. The results of the analysis is used to control the operation of the process, for example, by adjusting the reflux or product withdrawal rates. Argon production is thereby maximized without risking a dumping phenomenon in the crude argon column.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 16, 1987
    Date of Patent: November 15, 1988
    Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.
    Inventor: Ismael Al-Chalabi
  • Patent number: 4780108
    Abstract: There is provided a method for increasing the bulk density of low bulk density materials by intimately admixing a low bulk density material and an organic or organopolysiloxane liquid and thereafter removing substantially all of said organic or organopolysiloxane liquid, for example, by evaporation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 9, 1988
    Date of Patent: October 25, 1988
    Assignee: General Electric Company
    Inventor: John S. Razzano
  • Patent number: 4705529
    Abstract: The reactivity of phosphorus pentoxide is reduced and its flow behavior improved. To this end, phosphorus pentoxide in the form of its hexagonal modification is annealed over a period of 0.5 to 8 hours at temperatures of 200.degree. to 390.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 14, 1986
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1987
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gunther Schimmel, Werner Kowalski, Gero Heymer, Reinhard Gradl
  • Patent number: 4670222
    Abstract: A high pressure reaction vessel has a container portion and a removable head portion which houses a flow channel or channels, valve members and valve operators and which seals and covers the container portion. Each channel terminates at a tapered valve seat angled at at least 36.degree. with respect to the horizontal and each of the valve members is provided with a mating tapered surface which is wedged more tightly within the valve seat as pressure within the vessel increases. A port and a chute are provided for introducing a particulate solid feed through at least one of the channels into the interior of the vessel. In one embodiment a dip tube depends from a second valve seat (in communication with a second channel) and extends to a point adjacent the bottom of the container portion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 7, 1985
    Date of Patent: June 2, 1987
    Inventor: Lothar Jung
  • Patent number: 4666498
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining raw materials from autumn foliage, which is characterized by the fallen foliage being comminuted, extracted in one or more stages with one or more solvents and after removing the solvents, the extract or extracts and the residue are separate. The process can be performed with different solvents with different dielectric constant. From the individual extracts there are obtained new perfumes or flavoring agents or intermediate products for producing foods or feeds, or for producing selling agents or binders, as well as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics for treatment purposes, canning agents, fertilizers and inks, while the extraction residue can be used as a sulphur-free fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 23, 1983
    Date of Patent: May 19, 1987
    Inventor: Dietrich Muller
  • Patent number: 4662893
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for hydraulically macerating and recovering soluble component from a solid material such as waste solid propellant that is semihard. The solid material is fed into a perforated enclosure where it is held until it is macerated such that it can pass through perforations in the enclosure. While held in the enclosure, the solid material is agitated and exposed to jets of liquid solvent under a pressure which is equal to at least about 1000 psig to thereby macerate the solid material and force it through the perforations and to dissolve soluble component such as ammonium perchlorate from solid propellant. In one embodiment, the propellant residue is conveyed to a residue discharge end of the apparatus by a sloping helical conveyor. The helical conveyor provides individual contact stages for counter-current extraction and washing of ammonium perchlorate from the residue with recycled solvent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 11, 1984
    Date of Patent: May 5, 1987
    Assignee: Morton Thiokol Inc.
    Inventor: Meldon J. McIntosh