Abstract: A plurality of flow control valves is correspondingly provided to a plurality of heater core portions. Each of the flow control valves is provided with a first restriction portion formed in an inlet for receiving hot water, a second restriction portion in an outlet for introducing hot water to the respective heating heat exchange portions, and a bypass opening opened at an intermediate pressure portion between the first restriction portion and the second restriction portion. Each opening area of the first restriction portion, the second restriction portion, and the bypass openings is regulated by a cylindrical valve. The first and second restriction portions, the bypass openings and the valve bodies are accommodated within a common housing, and a bypass passage communicating with the bypass openings is formed in the common housing.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system including a single self-contained hydronic control unit. The hydronic control unit allows for zoned heating operation in which a series of individual room thermostats and zone valves control the flow of heated water into each of the heating zones. The hydronic control unit operates an oil or gas fired boiler to maintain boiler water temperature at a selected value. The hydronic control unit includes a priority terminal which can be connected to a priority heating zone, such as an indirect fired water heater. Upon receiving a demand for heat from the priority heating zone, the hydronic control unit diverts the flow of heated water from the boiler to the priority zone exclusively. The hydronic control unit further includes a terminal for connection of an outdoor air sensor. In cooperation with the outdoor air sensor, the hydronic control unit can operate in a boiler reset operating mode such that the boiler temperature is related to the outside air temperature.

Abstract: A heating system for heating a building with at least a first zone and a second to be heated. The heating system includes a first heating source and a second heating source. The heating system alternates between two modes of operation. In the first mode, heat is transferred to the first zone from the first heating source and heat is transferred to the second zone from the second heating source. In the second mode of operation, heat is transferred to the first zone from the second heating source and heat is transferred to the second zone from the first heat source. Each zone may comprise one or more areas of the building. Heat exchangers and thermostats positioned in each area control the amount of heat which is ultimately transferred into the areas.

Abstract: An engine-independent vehicle heating appliance has a combustion air fan, a fuel dosing pump and a heat exchanger that surrounds the combustion chamber, as well as a controller that controls the operation of the vehicle heating appliance. In compact designs, special measures are required to protect the electronic components of the controller from overheating. In order to carry off heat in an effective manner, the controller has a heat conducting plate upon which the electronic power components (18) are mounted, their connections being electrically connected to the wiring on the board (16). Loss heat that results from the operation of the components (18) is carried away by the material of the heat conducting plate (8a, 8b) to the fan housing (6). Since the latter is always cool a sufficient cooling of the components (18) is ensured.

Abstract: An improved closed loop variable volume water heating or cooling system having one or more work units for supplying heated or cooling water to a heating or cooling system which includes a dual purpose water mixing and air separator vessel. This vessel includes two inlets and one outlet port disposed in predetermined locations in the side walls of said vessel to receive and mix return water from the system and water bypassed from the work units prior to communicating this mixture to the supply inlet of the work units. The inlet ports are offset from the centerline of the vessel to cause entrained air to separate from the water streams and rise to exit the vessel through an air vent disposed in an upper portion of the vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating installation. The installation comprises a closed liquid circuit which is under pressure during operation, a pressureless liquid reservoir, an actuable pump with an inlet connected to the reservoir and an outlet connected to the circuit, actuable draining means for draining liquid out of the circuit to the reservoir, pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the circuit and control means for activating the pump when exceeding of a minimum pressure in negative direction is detected and for activating the draining means when exceeding of a maximum pressure in positive direction is detected.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a source of hot supply water and a reservoir of cooler return water, a main hot supply water circulation path (loop) from the supply water line to the return water line including a pump maintaining continuous flow of hot supply water through the main loop, a satellite injection water connection and a satellite return water connection along the main loop, a satellite distribution station including a satellite heating loop, a satellite supply header and satellite return header at opposite ends of the satellite heating loop and a satellite station pump having an input and an output for pumping satellite water from the satellite return header to the satellite supply header, whereby the satellite water flows through the satellite heating loop, a satellite injection water line from the satellite injection connection to the satellite pump input and a satellite return water line from the satellite pump output to the return connection along the main loop, whereby heat from the main loo

Abstract: A hydronic heating system that has a boiler supplying hot supply water, a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line, a return water line and one or more heating loops through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, the heating loop including a heating element that is a length of tubing that conducts water from the supply to the return and is mounted in a wall or a floor of an area heated by said system by RFH or RWH has: a thermally conductive plate mounted in the area floor or wall, adjacent a surface thereof and a space defined at least in part by said plate, in which the length of tubing is held and a compliant filler material fills the space between the tubing and the plate, so that the tubing is held in the space in intimate thermal contact with the plate, so that the plate is heated by conduction of heat from the tubing and the plate has a radiating surface that radiates heat to the area.

Abstract: A pre-wired and pre-plumbed module for connection to an installed hydronic radiant floor heating system including a supporting frame having components mounted thereon such as a boiler, pumps, four-way valve, in-line air separator, expansion tank, P/T ports, return valves, supply valves and control panels mounted thereon. The module is assembled at the factory and is tested at the factory to ensure that the components are properly plumbed and wired. Once the module is delivered to the job site, the components of the module are quickly and easily connected to the hydronic radiant floor heating system.

Abstract: Units for supplying a circuit of a heating or cooling supply system which are required for conveying a medium and for regulating and monitoring are arranged at parallel pipelines for the forward and return flows so as to be combined in an installation-ready structural component group in a housing of thermal insulating plastic, the housing being divided into a lower shell and an upper shell by a seam extending approximately in the central plane formed by the pipelines, the lower shell and the upper shell having a lock-seam connection with lock-seams that form a positive-locking connection along the entire outer edges of the shells, the upper shell being provided with openings that allow the parts of the units essential for operation to penetrate, while the lower shell is provided with a component for direct fastening to a wall, the strength and thickness of the material of the lower shell and upper shell being selected so that the housing can be used as protective transportation packing for the structural comp

Abstract: A stove for the generation of heat from the burning of wood for heating water and for heating the room in which it is located comprising a drum having cylindrical side walls about a horizontal axis, support legs and circular end walls; an array of tubes including a water input tube and a water output tube, the tubes extending through one end wall, the tubes interior of the drum including a rectangular array in a horizontal configuration adjacent to the widest part of the drum and coupled to the water input tube, the tubes interior of the drum also including an array of semicircular tubes extending upwardly from the rectangular array about the axis of the drum, the tubes interior of the drum also including a linear output tube parallel with the axis of the drum coupled to the topmost part of the semicircular tubes for discharging the heated water; a chimney coupled to the drum for conveying away smoke from interior of the drum; an air input tube with a damper and a thermostat for controlling the damper for det

Abstract: A plumbing and heating pipe system for water supply purposes, made either completely or mainly of plastic material, especially of polypropylene, said system being provided with metallic connecting sleeves as well as reducers for connecting the plastic pipes to fittings of metallic materials, and being provided with shut-off valves made of plastic material and having a plastic-encased metallic valve seat for mounting in pipe lines, and being provided with pressure-type screw connections for the pipes to be joined to each other and with reducers for connection to radiators, wherein a welding device having an arrangement for equalizing the lengths of the plastic pipes is used to weld parallel plastic pipes.

Abstract: A manifold for a heat exchanger including a plurality of substantially identical heating tubes. The manifold has front and rear walls. The rear wall has therein a plurality of inlet ports, each of which is adapted to be connected to the outlet of one of the heating tubes, the inlet ports being generally equally spaced along the rear wall in the upper half of the manifold. The rear wall also has therein a plurality of outlet ports, each of which is adapted to be connected to the inlet of one of the heating tubes, the outlet ports being generally equally spaced along the rear wall in the lower half of the manifold. The front wall has therein a water inlet opening into both the upper manifold half and the lower manifold half, and a water outlet spaced horizontally from the water inlet and opening into both the upper manifold half and the lower manifold half.

Abstract: A heat installation for buildings, with water as the heat transmitting medium which comprises a forward pipe and a return pipe (19 and 18 respectively) as well as radiators (11) connected to said pipes. Said installation is designed as a building element system and comprises differently designed buildings elements (1-10), which are strip- and block-shaped and can be inserted into each other and with which said forward pipe and said return pipe are integral parts. Said installation includes a main connection element (1), connection elements (2), inner corner and outer corner elements (3 and 4 respectively), threshold transition elements (5, 7), thresholds (6), radiator connection elements (8) and terminal parts (9).

Abstract: An efficient compact modulating or fixed firing rate hydronic heater is provided. A slotted single piece baffle encloses the heat exchange surface which is a wound finned tube, and improves gas flow contact with the heat exchange surface, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat transfer.

Abstract: A forced hot-water heating system in which sensible and latent heat remaining in flue gases after contact with a primary heat exchanger is recycled into incoming cold air by a second heat exchanger. The heater, humidified intake air is then directed to a fuel burner, and reduces the amount of fuel necessary to achieve a given amount of heat exchange at the primary heat exchanger at normal operating return-water temperatures.

Abstract: A paint spray and bake booth has an air heating and circulating system with two blowers and a combination of dampers and ducts which provide different air circulating circuits for the spraying and baking steps. A gas fired furnace with heat exchanging system adds heat directly to the air circulated through the booth to bake paint on a vehicle in it. The heat exchanging system also includes reclamation coils for heat transfer from the circulating air to water in the coils and which is piped to a storage tank for storage of heat over a prolonged period. The storage tank supplies the water through pipes to space heating units in the building in which the paint booth is located. Water is returned from the space heating units to the paint booth heat exchanging system.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a heating system for a building having a chimney, which heating system incorporates a heat collecting recovery unit including a recovery exchanger set atop the chimney, an underground reservoir, a circulating pump, and an exchanger disposed to reject heat to the conditioned space within the building, to serve in combination to heat the building with energy which had theretofore been wasted, so that the energy consumption rate required for heating can be reduced.

Abstract: Water heating methods and apparatus feed a combustible mixture of gas and air to an axial inlet of a cylindrical radiant surface burner and conduct water to be heated through a heat exchanger encompassing that cylindrical radiant surface burner as a cylindrical structure having first passages for combustion gases therethrough substantially radially of the cylindrical radiant surface burner and the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The boiler, which is of the wall-mounting kind, comprises: a burner connected to a gas supply part; a combustion chamber; a heat exchanger; distribution, exchange and control components and communicating passages between them; inlet and outlet lines connected to the exchanger; and external connections. The distribution, exchange and control components are combined on a common mounting plate which comprises some of the functional elements of each component and in which the connecting passages for each component extend, such passages being in the form of internal passages in the mounting plate. Of use for facilitating assembly and maintenance and reducing the risk of leakages.

Abstract: An outdoor wood-fired furnace which heats water for domestic use and provides heat is disclosed. The furnace has a water jacket, sides, top and ends. A main distribution chamber is provided for air on its bottom with outlet means to the firebox. The water jacket includes a large containment area in the top and an L-shaped baffle, having a horizontal leg and a vertical leg. Behind and above this L-shaped baffle is a similarly shaped air space which provides a passage between the baffle and the liquid cooled rear wall and the container for hot gases from the firebox to enter a flue. Means is provided to emit air from the main distribution chamber side through pipes to the fire.

Abstract: A ventilating device for a closed conduit system comprising a housing (7) with a liquid throughflow conduit (11) extending through end walls (8,9) of the housing. The throughflow conduit (11) has a liquid permeable part (13) which is directed towards an upper air vent (23) and the end edges of which are spaced from the end walls, and the side edges of which part (13) adjoining the end edges are preferably provided with wing-like elements (21,22) whose free edges form gaps with the inner wall of the housing. Liquid flows out beneath the conduit through those gaps (D,E) located between the end walls and the end edges of the wing-like element, and small air bubbles enclosed in the liquid form larger air bubbles which rise up between the wing-like element and the inner wall of the housing and depart through the vents (23).

Abstract: A hot-water-furnace supplemental heater (60) replaces a manifold (48) used with a normal hot-water-furnace (10) having multiple furnace heating tubes (22). The supplemental water heater has a housing with a false bottom (66) and a supplemental tube (67) extending between a false bottom opening and a top-wall opening of the housing. A sidewall (62) of the housing and the false bottom form a manifold cavity (72) which collects combustion materials exiting from top ends (52) of the furnace heating tubes and directs them into the supplemental heating tube for heating water in a supplemental water heater cavity (68) defined by the sidewall, the false bottom, a top wall (64) and the supplemental heating tube. In a system, the supplemental water heater is placed in series with a furnace water heater to preheat water passing into the furnace water heater.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for connecting a radiator to a single or double tube type hot water central heating system. The connecting apparatus includes a conventional thermostatic valve and a conventional valve controlled bypass between the inlet and outlet connectors of the connecting apparatus. A constructural feature which results in lower manufacturing costs and a lower stock inventory for thermostats involves a return passage from the radiator outlets which has a setting valve that is actuatable independently of the bypass valve.

Abstract: In order in a facade comprising hollow uprights and hollow upper and lower transverse crossbars to be able to dispense with an expensive air-conditioning installation, a cross-stream blower is arranged under a railing crossbar. Over the cross-stream blower there is either provided a star ribbed pipe or the railing crossbar is constructed in several parts and provided with laminations the function of which is to serve in the pre-cooling or pre-heating of air drawn from a room of the building by the cross-stream blower, the pre-cooling or pre-heating taking place as the air is discharged from the blower and before it is sent back into the room. Pre-heated or pre-cooled air may be returned to the room by way of the railing crossbar, by way of and from the hollow uprights or by way of and from the upper transverse crossbar. A filter provided in advance of the cross-stream blower inhibits the passage of any health-hazardous dust or bacteria from reaching the blower or being transmitted back into the room.

Abstract: Compact, easily installable apparatus is disclosed for attachment to a conventional domestic hot water heater tank using only the preexisting threaded drain valve opening normally provided, in order to convert the heater into a simple storage tank and effect water heating externally of the existing heater in an indirect heat exchanger coupled to, for example, an existing boiler forming a part of a space heating system. In this fashion energy savings can be realized inasmuch as boiler water is used for heating the domestic water supplies, as opposed to separate firing of the hot water tank.

Abstract: An improved wood burning furnace having a water preheat chamber connected thereto with a water distribution means in said preheat chamber, said distribution means extending laterally across the preheat chamber and being provided with a plurality of spaced holes for the gravity feed of water downwardly through the chamber. As the water enters the boiler chamber, it flows through a serpentine path thus enhancing the heat transfer to the water.

Abstract: The heating system includes water-radiators, a heat source as a boiler and/or one or more water-accumulators, an expansion vessel and a pipe-circulation system interconnecting the radiators and the source through which the water is pumped. The system is intended for one-family-houses with normally at most two floors above a cellar or a basement in which the source is situated. The expansion vessel is contrary to conventional open expansion systems arranged below the levels of the radiators in the boiler room and thus frost-free and immediately above or beside the top of the heat source. Its own top is provided with an open outlet to the atmospheric air in the boiler room. Thus the heat source is exposed approximately only for the very low water-pressure from its own water. Contrary to the heat source the radiators with belonging riser- and return-pipes are exposed to the same high water-pressure as at conventional radiator-systems with the expansion vessel situated above the topmost radiators.

Abstract: A plastic pipe comprising an oxygen-impermeable casing, wherein the casing comprises a barrier layer for oxygen, and an adhesive layer adjacent to the circumferential surface of the pipe and attached to the circumferential surface by an sealed bond, wherein the casing surrounds the circumferential surface on all sides, and wherein the barrier layer is elastic, is substantially impermeable to oxygen and comprises a polyvinyl alcohol, a vinyl alcohol/ethylene copolymer, or polyacrylonitrile. Also disclosed is a process for the production of the pipe and a use of the pipe as a heating pipe.

Abstract: A heat-exchanging system for an enclosed space having wall-forming members, pipes provided on said members, and being adapted for discharging water for flow along the surfaces of the same, a source of water, a pump connecting said source and said pipes, ducts for returning water to said source, and a temperature sensor controlling the operation of said pump whereby said members serve as a heat exchanger for both heating and cooling purposes in response to predetermined temperatures.

Abstract: A hydronic multi-zone heating system mounts circulators for circulating liquid between the boiler and the zone so that all components are mounted in a common area for ease of maintenance and repair, as well as for convenient installation. Air removal is also provided from the system in a simple manner by providing an enlarged header that extends generally horizontally, and has supply pipes with open ends disposed well into the interior of the header, and below the level of liquid in the header during operation. An air vent is connected to a top portion of the header to effect removal of air that may collect. A variety of other system components, such as temperature probes, are connected to fittings extending from the header. Return pipes may also be connected to the header, and an interior wall within the header may separate the inlet from the outlet thereof, or there may be free communication.

Abstract: A solar collector is designed for use in the window opening of a house and also serves to retain the window function for the occupants of the house. The collector has a rectangular frame having an inner pane of glass, an outer pane or panes and a plurality of rotatable louvers mounted in the frame between the inner and outer panes. The louvers have a reflective material on one side and a dark or solar absorbing surface on the other, thereby allowing the proper side to be rotated into position depending on the season. A heated chamber is provided within the louvers so that the working fluid may flow directly through the louvers and allow the heat transfer to occur therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling temperature in a unit type curtain wall for arraying the outside of a building wherein pipings within the body of the building can be minimized and the air conditioning effect at the window can be sufficiently achieved. The temperature control apparatus comprises vertical and horizontal frame members having hollow portions as air flowing passages through which conditioned air flows, wherein respective hollow portions of the vertical frame members adjacent to left and right and opposite to top and bottom at their respective one ends are respectively arranged at opposed top and bottom ends in such a manner of allowing them to communicate with each other only in relation to top and bottom by the interposition of cylindrical connecting members thereby forming vertically communicating air flowing ducts, respectively, which are independent of each other to left and right.

Abstract: A cooling and heating air jet device in a building interior or exterior structure including a framework of hollow vertical and horizontal wall support members is disclosed. The framework of hollow wall support members forms an air duct through which cooling or heating air is passed. A selected one of the wall support members is formed with a plurality of air jet openings spaced in the longitudinal direction of the same. The hollow interior of the selected one wall support member is divided into two adjacent and parallel chambers by a partition wall having a plurality of communication holes spaced in the longitudinal direction of the same. One of the chambers forms a part of the air duct and a first pressure equalizing chamber and the other one of the chambers forms a second pressure equalizing chamber. The plurality of air jet openings are formed in the side wall of the second pressure equalizing chamber.

Abstract: A hot water heating system is disclosed in which the convectors or radiators are provided with thermostatic valves capable of shutting off the supply water to all radiators. In order to prevent damage to the pump some circulation is permitted at all times by means of a bypass opening in a manifold which directs water to and from the radiators.

Abstract: A closed-loop, incompressible-liquid circulating, hydronic heating system, for instance, a hot water heating system, which utilizes a Venturi-type control device to effect communication between the circulating hydronic heating system and a storage tank. The storage tank, which is maintained at ambient atmospheric pressure, is connected to the throat of the Venturi. The inlet and outlet of the Venturi are connected to the pump outlet and inlet, respectively, in parallel with the main circulating loop. The Venturi control device automatically controls the pressure in the circulating system by means of controlling the flow of incompressible-liquid between the storage tank and the incompressible-liquid circulating system. The Venturi control device responds automatically to changes of pressure in the circulating system. The pressure differential between the Venturi throat and the Venturi inlet remains constant.

Abstract: The wood burning water heating means of the present invention utilizes a firebox having a grate adjacent the lower end and a flue opening positioned downward from the upper end thereof. The flue extends into the firebox so as to deflect rising hot gases prior to their exit through the flue opening. A main draft opening provides communication of air below the grate to provide oxygen for the fire. A secondary draft opening is provided above the grate for introducing air in such a manner that oxygen will be provided immediately below the flue to facilitate combustion.

Abstract: An improved fireplace for heating indoor spaces and sanitary water comprises a hearth whereon wood can be burned such as to define a heat source, and, adjacent the hearth, an air circulating space and a sanitary hot water generating heat exchanger.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion system particularly suitable for use in a residential heating system comprising a fluidized bed combustor housing a combustion chamber wherein crushed fuel is burned to generate hot flue gas, a heat exchanger disposed outside of the combustor in the flow path of the flue gas, a particulate collector for removing fine particles entrained in the flue gas before the flue gas is vented to the atmosphere, and an induced draft fan for venting the flue gas to the atmosphere and drawing fluidizing air and recirculated flue gas through the combustion chamber. The combustor is uncooled and heavily insulated so as to provide a substantially adiabatic combustion chamber therein in order to minimize heat loss therefrom. Electric heating means are disposed within the fluidizing region of the combustion chamber to provide the capability of heating the slumped bed during shutdown to maintain bed temperature above the ignition point.

Abstract: A boiler has a chamber to contain a charge of wood that rests on the bottom of the chamber with the major portion of the charge within a water jacketed upper portion of the chamber but free to settle as combustion progresses. Combustion is confined to the bottom portion of the chamber due to the cooling effect of the water jacket and to a turbulent cross draft in the combustion zone. A special venturi section in the flue coupled with a pressure blower both induces the flow of hot gases from the combustion zone through a second chamber and a heat exchanger and also provides a stream of air from the venturi section to create the cross draft. An oil burner may be used in conjunction with the second chamber as an alternate heat source. The boiler also has a special base construction and assembly features.

Abstract: Furnace structures having smoke and gas return are disclosed. The structures have a closed circuit combustion gas loop and a closed circuit liquid heat transfer loop. The two loops are circulated countercurrent to one another so that maximum heat transfer efficiency is achieved and exhaust emissions are reduced to a minimum.

Abstract: A heating system having a furnace with a lower combustion chamber for providing heat and an upper fluid heating chamber in which a fluid, such as water, is heated by the heat from the combustion chamber and passes through a supply pipe to heat an area. The cooled fluid returns to the fluid heating chamber through a return pipe. A serpentine coil arrangement is provided in the lower combustion chamber extending between the return and supply pipes for supplemental heating of at least a portion of the fluid directly within the combustion chamber. The serpentine coil arrangement is in a parallel flow relationship with the output from the fluid heating chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat transfer from waste water from a building back to the building. The waste water is supplied to a waste pipe (2) in such a way that it is forced to flow downwardly in the pipe along its inner wall. Heat from the waste water is transmitted to a medium flowing on the outside of the pipe.

Abstract: Heating of intermittent users, such as domestic appliances, may require a rapid transfer of heat during an operating period. But hot reservoirs based on transitions between liquid and crystalline phases are least effective during rapid discharge since the crystalline latent heat storing material forming on encapsulating heat transfer surfaces increases thermal impedence. Various means for shortening thermal paths through the crystalline material, such as penetrating conductors, undesirably decrease thermal energy density.In order to provide both rapid heat transfer capability and a large thermal energy density, the invention uses prolonged idle periods between the operating periods for passive recharging within a hot reservoir of a first latent heat storing material by a second latent heat storing material which has a higher melting point so that the first latent heat storing material melts while the second crystallizes as the hot reservoir approaches a uniform equilibrium temperature.

Abstract: Combustion heat energy from a fireplace or a wood-burning stove is transferred by a circulating flow of water for utilization elsewhere in a home. The heating system includes a chamber-defining structure configured to be positioned in a conventional fireplace or in a conventional wood-burning stove so that water in the chamber is heated by combustion in the fireplace or the stove. In one application the heating system is utilized to transfer heat to a heat-energy-consuming appliance such as a water heater or a clothes dryer. In another application, the heating system is utilized to transfer heat energy to a conventional home hot water heating system. Features of the heating system include a novel construction of a fireplace heating unit, and a specially configured hot-water heater which positively prevents water from the heating system co-mingling with the household drinking water.

Abstract: A wood boiler surrounded on five sides by a water jacket with a series of water-carrying pipes forming a grate adapted to hold the wood while burning and an exhaust pipe extending through the top of the water jacket beside a tankless coil for producing hot water, and a return duct provided at the junction of the exhaust pipe and the chimney adapted to return condensates to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for heating water in a reservoir, comprising a pipe system including at least one supply conduit, at least part of which pipe system is disposed in the vicinity of the surface of the water in the reservoir, means for supplying hot air through the supply conduit to the pipe system, a plurality of open-ended tubules of flexible material or hoses being secured in spaced relationship to the pipes of the pipe system, the open ends of which tubules or hoses are located under the water surface.

Abstract: A heat distribution system is disclosed for transferring heat, such as is generated by a burner device of conventional construction, to a remote location, with circulation away from the burner in a horizontal or downward direction. The distribution system of the invention is particularly useful whenever a building heating arrangement requires the furnace or other equivalent heating means to be located above or level with the point at which heat is to be withdrawn from a circulating fluid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for uniformly regulating and controlling the temperature in a multi-level building utilizing a common heat source. Only a single thermostat is required. The thermostat is placed in the room as near the end of the longest conduit and is set at the desired temperature. At least one and possibly a plurality of heating units such as radiators, each having its own output control valve, is placed on each level of the building. After the thermostat has been set at the desired temperature, each valve that controls the various heating unit is individually set. The radiator valve in the room in which the thermostat is located is opened all the way. The remaining valves are opened by a progressively smaller amount in those rooms further away from the thermostat. Once all of the rooms reach the desired temperature the valves are permanently set in order to prevent their unauthorized adjustment.

Abstract: Fuel is burned in the lower chamber of a furnace with hot products of combustion rising past an air-to-air heat exchanger to an upper chamber to which outside air is supplied for secondary combustion. Air is heated in a compartment above the upper combustion chamber and passes, together with air within the heat exchanger, through a closed circulation system to a duct within a stone-filled heat storage chamber, then to an air-to-water heat exchanger, through the stones in the heat storage chamber and back to the heating compartment and air-to-heat exchanger. Water heated in the air-to-water exchanger is used for space heating purposes, as in baseboard hot water heaters. Some of the heat may also be used to power a heat engine and/or to dry wood to be used as fuel in the lower combustion chamber.