Abstract: A switching device of a multifunctional shower head is integrated into the cavity of the shower head, which mainly includes a switching button, a radius bar, a swing arm, a coupled gear, a shaft for the coupled gear, a division gear, and a shaft for the division gear; wherein one end of said radius bar extends out of the shower head via a through-hole to fix with a switching button, and the end has a pivot pin; one end of said swing arm is fixed onto the shaft of the coupled gear, while a slot guide is disposed on the other end for connecting with said pivot pin of said radius bar; said gearing coupled and division gears are located in the cavity of the shower head via their shaft respectively; said division gear closing on the outlet of the main body has several dividing holes coordinating to the outlet of the main body.

Abstract: A dioramic apparatus includes a vessel having an inferior portion and a superior portion. The vessel includes a shell and defines an interior space. The interior space is partially filled by a liquid medium. At least one dioramic scene is disposed in the interior space. A reservoir is in fluid communication with the interior space. The reservoir includes a flow plate defining at least one liquid intake and at least one liquid output port. The at least one liquid intake is configured and arranged for receiving at least a portion of the liquid medium from the interior space when the dioramic apparatus is at least partially inverted. The at least one liquid output port is configured and arranged to output at least a portion of the liquid medium from the reservoir when the vessel is placed in an upright position.

Abstract: A showerhead has a housing provided with an inlet for flowing of water into the housing and a plurality of openings; and a plurality of adjustable inserts associated with the openings, provided with water channels, and formed so that the inserts are individually movable to change their orientation so as to change a trajectory of a jet issued from each individual insert the inserts being formed so that water flowing out from the channels of each of the inserts forms as a single jet.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle for use with an internal combustion engine utilizes arrangements of nozzle openings that are designed to increase fuel contact with oxygen within a combustion chamber. Nozzle openings are positioned in more than one plane substantially parallel with the cylinder head surface, with the planes preferably at least 2 millimeters apart, and with the respective pluralities of nozzle openings oriented to provide diverging injection angles in relation to the cylinder head surface. The fuel injector is particularly designed for use with oxygen-dilute (e.g., high EGR) controlled temperature combustion, direct injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: In an apparatus in spinning preparation for separating foreign objects at conveying equipment for fiber material, at least one separation device is associated with the conveying equipment. The separation device comprises an arrangement for producing a blast of air that flows in the direction onto the conveying equipment and generates an air flow that detaches the foreign objects from the conveyed fibers and carries them away. The arrangement comprises a plurality of blast nozzles arranged across the width of the conveying equipment and connected to a compressed air pipe and to valves. To reduce the proportion of good fibers in the waste in a simple manner, and to allow a more selective action of the blast air current, a bar member for mounting the blast nozzles is present and the nozzles are integrated in the bar member.

Abstract: An exemplary spray apparatus includes a first nozzle assembly and a second nozzle assembly, which are parallel to each other. The first nozzle assembly includes a plurality of feed inlets and a feed outlet in communication with the feed inlets. The first nozzle assembly configured for spraying a liquid coating material on a substrate. The feed inlets are aligned along a first imaginary straight line. The second nozzle assembly includes a plurality of air inlets and an air outlet in communication with the air inlets. The second nozzle assembly is configured for spraying air with uniform air toward the liquid coating material applied on the substrate. The air inlets are aligned along a second imaginary straight line parallel with the first imaginary straight line.

Abstract: A recreational vehicle toilet tank cleaning assembly includes a tube that has a terminal end. A nozzle is removably coupled to the terminal end. The nozzle has a first end, a second end and a perimeter wall extending between the first and second ends. The first end is open and is threadably coupled to the terminal end of the tube. The nozzle has a plurality of apertures therein. The apertures include a primary aperture extending through the second end that is aligned with a longitudinal axis of the nozzle. The perimeter wall has a break therein and the nozzle includes a first portion rotatably coupled to a second portion. The second portion includes the plurality of apertures. The tube is fluidly couplable to a water source and the nozzle placed in a recreational vehicle toilet tank to eject water outwardly of the plurality of apertures and clean the tank.

Abstract: A spray head or spray head insert is provided for use in at least one of a shower head, an industrial spray head and an agricultural spray head including a plurality of groups of nozzles, each group of nozzles having at least two nozzles that are suitable for issuing jets of fluid from a surface of the spray head or spray head insert and are dimensioned and oriented, at least in use, so that fluid exiting the said at least two nozzles under pressure collides, interacts substantially unimpeded by surrounding structures and breaks into droplets.

Abstract: Piezo aerosol and ultrasonic atomizer apparatuses are disclosed. In some embodiments, a piezo aerosol apparatus may comprise a piezo component defining an opening bonded to a metal plate defining a mist reservoir. The mist reservoir may define a plurality of apertures (or holes) orientated substantially perpendicular, and the opening of the piezo component may be located above the mist reservoir. The piezo aerosol apparatus generally defines a non-symmetric compound, while the ultrasonic atomizer comprises a piezo component and metal plate of substantially the same diameter in length. Other embodiments are also claimed and disclosed.

Abstract: A fluid dispersion device comprises a substrate (3) having an outer section (25) and an inner section (26), said inner section (26) of the substrate (3) having an aperture (11), a dispersion element (10) positioned at said aperture (11) of said substrate (3), and an actuator (4) arranged to coaxially surround said aperture (11) of said substrate (3), wherein the outer edge of said inner section (26) of said substrate (3) is coupled to said outer section (25) of said substrate by a plurality of resilient members (81, 82, 83).

Abstract: A direct injection fuel injector includes a nozzle tip having a plurality of passages allowing fluid communication between an inner nozzle tip surface portion and an outer nozzle tip surface portion and directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. A first group of the passages have inner surface apertures located substantially in a first common plane. A second group of the passages have inner surface apertures located substantially in at least a second common plane substantially parallel to the first common plane. The second group has more passages than the first group.

Abstract: An arrangement for supplying a medium to an exhaust line of a combustion engine. The arrangement comprises a first exhaust passage defined by at least a first wall surface of an element, and a dosing device supplying the medium to the first exhaust passage. The arrangement is adapted to maintaining a degree of heating of the first wall surface so that the latter will be at a higher temperature than the medium's vaporization point when the liquid medium is supplied in the first exhaust passage. Therefore, even the medium which reaches the first wall surface will vaporize in the first exhaust passage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method and more particularly to an array of nozzles configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas. An embodiment of the invention is directed towards a gas liquid contactor module including a liquid inlet and outlet and a gas inlet and outlet. An array of nozzles is in communication with the liquid inlet and the gas inlet. The array of nozzles is configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas flow and maximize gas flow and liquid flow interactions while rapidly replenishing the liquid.

Abstract: An injection head for the combustion chamber of a rock propulsion unit has a base area with a plurality of injection elements distributed on it. Propellant constituents can be injected from each outlet of the injection elements into the combustion chamber, generating hot gases by a mixing and combustion of the propellant constituents in the combustion chamber, which hot gas can be accelerated to a high velocity for generating thrust. The base area of the injection head had a contoured shape which prevents or reduces the formation of zones of a reduced pressure, particularly between directly adjacent outlets.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a partition system includes a flexible partition expandable along at least its length and its height, at least one support element associated with the partition, and a fluid delivery system associated with the partition and configured to deliver a fluid to a space adjacent to the partition.

Abstract: A delivery system and methods for generating droplets of liquid active materials, such as a perfume, air freshener, insecticide formulation, and volatile materials, to the atmosphere by means of a electromechanical transducer. The electromechanical transducer employs a first period of activation and a second period of deactivation to increase the distribution of volatile materials contained within the liquid active materials to the atmosphere and reduce the hedonic habituation of the user. The electromechanical transducer is configured to improve flow rate and decrease deposition of the droplets on to nearby surfaces.

Abstract: A nozzle device has a nozzle holes for injecting sprays grouped into spray groups respectively in injection directions. The nozzle device has an injection axis extending through the center in the thickness direction thereof. The injection axis perpendicularly intersects with an imaginary plane, which is at a predetermined distance from the nozzle device. The nozzle holes respectively have passage axes from which imaginary lines are respectively extended. The imaginary plane and the imaginary lines therebetween have intersections respectively defining outer intersections and an inner intersection in at least one of the spray groups. Each of the nozzle holes is inclined at an inclination angle being determined in such a manner that: the outer intersections exist in a polygon or a circle, and the inner intersection exists inside the outer intersections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for spraying water, provided with a seal support (21) arranged between the body (1) and the perforated sheet (23) and in contact with the above. The seal support is mounted such as to be able to be removed from the body (1) with the joint (20). The above finds application in the production of non-woven materials.

Abstract: The device comprises a liquid flow conduit (12), a rotating nozzle (14), which is mounted on a liquid discharge opening (20) of the flow conduit (12) so as to rotate, the rotating nozzle (14) being penetrated by at least one opening (32, 33, 34) for spraying a liquid, a wall (48) for distributing the liquid extending transversely in the flow conduit (12) over the entire cross-section of flow, the wall (48) for distributing the liquid being penetrated by a central conduit (56) for generating a central jet, and at least one tangential conduit (60) for generating at least one tangential jet in the direction of a drive axis, and a wall (50) for driving the nozzle (14), which extends opposite the wall (48) for distributing the liquid and is penetrated by at least one conduit (64) for receiving the or each tangential jet in order to rotationally drive the nozzle. The drive wall (50) is rotationally engaged with the nozzle (14).

Abstract: A system for providing fluid at a uniform pressure throughout varying elevations includes multiple channels or a chambered supply line. The feed into the supply line is maintained at a higher pressure to overcome increasing elevations. The return or open line is run with or next to the feed line. A connection chamber connects the two lines, and the connection to the return line is made by a set minimum-pressure valve, which maintains a desired pressure in the connection chamber by closing upon minimum pressure and opening to relieve higher-than-desired pressure. This system can be used for irrigation, fertilization, pesticide delivery, or any situation in which a consistent pressure is desired at an exit point, such as with membrane or drip tubing-type systems. Membranes can be used as the connection chamber itself.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spraying tool, in particular as part of a mold-spraying device for spraying at least one section of a wall of a mold with working medium. In at least one embodiment, the spraying tool comprises a plurality of spraying elements for dispensing working medium, and at least one working-medium supply line which supplies working medium to the plurality of spraying elements. In accordance with at least one embodiment, at least some of the spraying elements, the spraying nozzles of which point downwards during operation, are equipped with a separate valve unit which is adjacent to the spraying nozzle and the valve element of which is prestressed elastically into a closed position in which it prevents the dispensing of working medium, but can be transferred under the action of a hydraulic and/or pneumatic pressure into an open position in which it permits the dispensing of working medium.

Abstract: A self-contained evaporation system for use in disposing of excess water from oil and gas drilling operations is provided. The system includes a water holding tank in which the wastewater is preheated, an evaporation chamber mounted over the holding tank and having an open top, a nozzle system located within the chamber for producing a fine liquid mist, and fans disposed within the chamber for producing an air flow that carries the mist out the open top of the chamber. The system can be set up and taken down by one person in an hour or less, can be used with pond or tank operations, and is capable of operating in high winds and sub-zero temperatures. The system can be carried and mounted on a trailer for easy transport to and from various drilling sites.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a film of solution of carbon nanotubes includes a retaining member, an array of spray nozzles, and a supply tube. The spray nozzles are mounted on the retaining member. The spray nozzles being in communication with the supply tube. The apparatus can deposit a film of solution of carbon nanotubes having high thickness uniformity.

Abstract: A H2O vapor based dry plasma process for pre-treating and strip-cleaning a reticle, a three layer gas distribution plate (GDP) assembly to control the heat load to the reticle during the plasma process, and a modified hole pattern for the GDP that further enhances stripping of resist from the edges of the reticle are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-saving shower head which operates at low and high pressure. The inventive shower head comprises a knuckle consisting of an internally-threaded tubular section which is used to connect same to the tube, said tubular section being connected to a solid sphere containing an upper chamber therein. In turn, the upper chamber comprises a small funnel having three other small longitudinal, concentric and radially-equidistant conduits which are used to regulate the water flow and which flow into a conical cavity.

Abstract: A showerhead has at least a first set of nozzles and a second set of nozzles for discharging water. The showerhead discharges water according to one of multiple water delivery functions, where a first water delivery function corresponds to water being discharged through only the first set of nozzles, a second water delivery function corresponds to water being discharged through only the second set of nozzles and a third water delivery function corresponds to water being discharged through the first and second sets of nozzles simultaneously. The spacing between the first set of nozzles and the second set of nozzles is carefully selected so that the third water delivery function corresponds to the integrated nozzles of the first and second sets of nozzles. As a result, the third water delivery function provides a coherent and balanced water flow resulting in a more pleasant feel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid atomizer for atomizing liquid and applied in an atomizing device having an accommodating space and a through hole. The liquid atomizer includes a vibrating element having a first hole corresponding to the through hole; a spray plate having a plurality of spraying holes corresponding to the first hole and being connected with the vibrating element; and a structure element having a second hole corresponding to the plurality of spraying holes of the spray plate and being connected with the spray plate so that the spray plate is disposed between the vibrating element and the structure element. The vibrating element, the spray plate and the structure element are assembled in the accommodating space of the atomizing device. Liquids are atomized via the spraying holes of the spray plate.

Abstract: A filling nozzle is provided which has a high flow straightening effect and is capable of forming a stable liquid flow of a circular cross section. In a filling nozzle in which a flow straightening member for straightening the flow of liquid is arranged in a hollow nozzle body, a flow straightening plate with a multitude of fine holes formed therethrough so as to pass the liquid therethrough is used a the flow straightening member, and a divergent chamfered portion, which act as a guide means for guiding fine streams of liquid flowing out from adjacent individual fine holes in a direction to bring them into contact with one another, is formed on an opening edge of an outlet of each fine hole on an outlet side surface of the flow straightening plate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to improve flux spray atomization and/or splash control are described. In one embodiment, a flux nozzle includes a plurality of injection holes to deposit flux fluid through an exit hole of an air cap onto a substrate (such as a printed circuit board). The flux fluid may atomize prior to deposition onto the substrate as relatively smaller broken down flux droplets that may aid reduced spray splash. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A showerhead for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) includes a head storing reaction gas flowing thereinto and feeding the stored reaction gas to a reaction chamber, and at least one support member passing through and coupled with the head and the reaction chamber so as to support the head.

Abstract: A droplet generation apparatus is applied to a nebulizer. The droplet generation apparatus comprises a vibratable member, a nozzle disc, a housing and a connection member or a fastening plate or both the connection member and the fastening plate. The vibratable member has a first through hole. The nozzle disc has a plurality of apertures facing the first through hole, and is combined with the vibratable member. The connection member is disposed between the vibratable member and the nozzle disc, and has a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. Alternatively, the fastening plate is combined with the nozzle disc. The housing covers up the combination of the vibratable member, the nozzle disc and the connection member or the fastening plate. Vibration efficiency generated by the vibratable member is improved through the connection member. An accommodation space is formed by the fastening plate and the nozzle disc.

Abstract: A system for dispensing liquid material with different configurations of air assisted fiberization or filament movement (e.g., meltblowing, controlled fiberization). In particular, front access for mounting a selected nozzle only requires adjustment of one lever and one fastener. Features of the lever and nozzle allow assisted ejection of the nozzle, even when the nozzle has become adhered to a die body through use. In addition, a nozzle mounting surface of the die body provides a universal interface to the various types of nozzles. An air cavity in the die body and air troughs in selected types of nozzles balance and adjust air flow.

Abstract: A fuel injector having an injection nozzle comprising a nozzle body being provided with a nozzle bore, an outer valve received within the nozzle bore and being engageable with a first seating to control fuel delivery through a first set of one or more nozzle outlets. The outer valve is provided with an outer valve bore within which an inner valve is received the inner valve being engageable with a second seating to control fuel delivery through a second set of one or more nozzle outlets. The fuel injector further includes an injection control chamber for fuel and pressure control means for controlling the pressure of fuel within the injection control chamber.

Abstract: In a fuel injection nozzle including multiple nozzle hole groups each having multiple solitary nozzle holes, a group distance C between two of the nozzle hole groups is 0.8 or more times larger than an in-group hole distance ? in a nozzle hole group. The group distance C is the minimum interval of inter-group intervals that are formed between (i) peripheral boundaries of solitary nozzle holes belonging to a first nozzle hole group and (ii) peripheral boundaries of solitary nozzle holes belonging to a second nozzle hole group adjacent to the first nozzle hole group. The in-group hole distance ? is the minimum of intervals between peripheral boundaries belonging to each nozzle hole group.

Abstract: A dispersion plate for dispersing a fluid includes two surface sides, a peripheral side and at least one through-opening which extends between the two surface sides, the opening including an inlet on one surface side, a passage, and an outlet on the other surface side, and the inlet, the passage and the outlet being delimited by an opening wall of the dispersion plate. The inlet, the passage and the outlet have a common longitudinal axis, the part of the opening wall delimiting the passage being substantially parallel to the common longitudinal axis, and the part of the opening wall delimiting the outlet, from the passage to the surface side where the outlet is located, being divergent relative to the common longitudinal axis. A method for producing a dispersion plate by electroplating is also described.

Abstract: A sprinkling head structure of a sprinkler includes a sprinkling head and a guide section. The sprinkling head is a substantially hollow cylindrical body. A first face of the sprinkling head is formed with multiple first outgoing openings which are annularly arranged. A second face of the sprinkling head is formed with multiple second incoming openings respectively corresponding to the first outgoing openings. The guide section is disposed inside the sprinkling head, including multiple passages and at least one channel. The passages communicate with two faces of the guide section. First ends and second ends of the passages respectively correspond to the first openings and second openings. The channel directly communicates with at least two of the passages. The water flow can be at the same time discharged from at least two of the first openings.

Abstract: An orifice disc for a fuel injector includes two orifices that provide a desired interaction between two fuel flows to increase fuel atomization and improve combustion performance. The orifice disc includes a first orifice and a second orifice that are disposed at an interaction angle relative to each other. The orifices are orientated relative to each other such that fuel flow exiting the outlets impinges on each other to further reduce the size of fuel droplets. Large dramatic changes in momentum caused by the impingement of fuel flows disintegrates fuel droplets into much smaller finer fuel droplets that provided enhanced atomization.

Abstract: An injection head for the combustion chamber of a rock propulsion unit has a base area with a plurality of injection elements distributed on it. Propellant constituents can be injected from each outlet of the injection elements into the combustion chamber, generating hot gases by a mixing and combustion of the propellant constituents in the combustion chamber, which hot gas can be accelerated to a high velocity for generating thrust. The base area of the injection head had a contoured shape which prevents or reduces the formation of zones of a reduced pressure, particularly between directly adjacent outlets.

Abstract: A nozzle device has a nozzle holes for injecting sprays grouped into spray groups respectively in injection directions. The nozzle device has an injection axis extending through the center in the thickness direction thereof. The injection axis perpendicularly intersects with an imaginary plane, which is at a predetermined distance from the nozzle device. The nozzle holes respectively have passage axes from which imaginary lines are respectively extended. The imaginary plane and the imaginary lines therebetween have intersections respectively defining outer intersections and an inner intersection in at least one of the spray groups. Each of the nozzle holes is inclined at an inclination angle being determined in such a manner that: the outer intersections exist in a polygon or a circle, and the inner intersection exists inside the outer intersections.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle for use with an internal combustion engine utilizes arrangements of nozzle openings that are designed to increase fuel contact with oxygen within a combustion chamber. Nozzle openings are positioned in more than one plane substantially parallel with the cylinder head surface, with the planes preferably at least 2 millimeters apart, and with the respective pluralities of nozzle openings oriented to provide diverging injection angles in relation to the cylinder head surface. The fuel injector is particularly designed for use with oxygen-dilute (e.g., high EGR) controlled temperature combustion, direct injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: A multi-function showerhead has at least a first set of nozzles forming first curves and a second set of nozzles forming second curves. The showerhead discharges water through the first curves when a first water delivery function is selected and through the second curves when a second water delivery function is selected. The first curves and the second curves are interleaved so that a coherent and balanced spray pattern is provided resulting in a pleasant showering experience, regardless of the selected water delivery function.

Abstract: A water-saving type shower head operable to reduce flow volume while maintaining a high discharge pressure. A diameter-reduced water passage 19 of a flow control member 20 disposed in a head portion 22 of a shower head body 12 has a first and a second water passage portions 40 and 41 provided on an entry side and an exit side thereof, respectively. The first water passage portion 40 has a small diameter, and the second water passage portion 41 has an inside diameter which is 1.5 to 3 times that of the first water passage portion 40. On an upstream side of the first water passage portion 40, a tapered diameter-reduced portion 43 reduced in diameter in a flow direction is formed, and on a downstream side of the second water passage portion 41, a diameter-increased portion 45 increased in diameter in the flow direction is formed.

Abstract: A nozzle is provided for use in a dynamic electrostatic air filter, in which the nozzle includes an internal electrode that charges a semiconductive liquid, and includes an external electrode that assists in breaking the liquid into droplets in a predetermined direction. Banks of multiple nozzles are also disclosed, which are separated by a charged “separation electrode” to prevent interference with spray patterns between adjacent banks. An electrostatic fountain is also disclosed which discharges a fragrance, or an inhalable medicine.

Abstract: Rotating Relaxer Shower Head has a housing with multiple heads that rotate and a standard connection for use with piping in a bathroom. A user simply turns the shower on in the ordinary manner and positions his body underneath the housing with the multiple showerheads. Water enters the housing through the standard connection and spins the multiple showerheads, causing a rotating stream of water to be emitted through the plurality of holes in the heads. The water then contacts the user in a rhythmic, rotating manner that helps relax and cleanse a user.

Abstract: A bottle washing nozzle which is capable of washing bottles having openings of different diameters and which is capable of washing bottles having projections, indentations, and a square cross-section, or the like, with good efficiency. The nozzle includes a central jet tube a first jet orifice which jets in a vertical direction, second jet orifices which jet in an oblique upward direction in the base section of the central jet tube, and an discharge controlling means in the outer circumferential section of the nozzle main body, below the second jet orifices.

Abstract: A tray assembly for use in feeding liquid composition to a freezing chamber is disclosed. The tray has a plurality of projections that are designed to provide regulated discharge of the liquid composition from the tray and to feed the liquid composition into the freezing chamber in uniformly sized drops. The projections area each downwardly disposed in relation to the tray. The tray has a bottom wall with a plurality of orifices, where each orifice is associated with a corresponding projection. These projections are uniform in size and can be formed using computerized welding techniques. An alternate embodiment in which the tray is pressurized is also disclosed.

Abstract: A showerhead for a gas supply apparatus. This showerhead includes a body having a distribution plate on one side and at least one gas chamber contained within the body. A plurality of holes extend normally from an outer surface of the distribution plate to the chamber. Furthermore, at least a portion of at least one hole is frustoconical or frustopyramidal in shape along the normal axis with the base of the frustoconical or frustopyramidal hole positioned adjacent the outer surface of the distribution plate.

Abstract: Provided are a nozzle and a related substrate treatment apparatus. The substrate treatment apparatus includes a process chamber, a supporting member disposed in the process chamber to support substrates, and a nozzle disposed in the process chamber to supply treatment fluid. The nozzle includes an outer tube along which a plurality of spraying holes are formed and which has a first end that is closed and an inner tube inserted into the outer tube through a hole formed on a second end of the outer tube.

Abstract: An aerosol impingement baffle, and more particularly, an aerosol impingement baffle employed in ultrasonic nebulizers, wherein the impingement orifices thereof are formed by disposing line-shaped impingement grooves at the inner breadth of the impingement baffle, thereby increasing the differentiation probabilities of liquid particles and avoiding congestions thereof.

Abstract: Spray array apparatus which includes a plurality of water and air carrying spoke members extending radially from a central fluid distribution assembly. The spoke members are connected to a plurality of water and air carrying strut members. The spoke members are divided into segments and the segments and strut members are detachably joined together by means of manifold joints which have water and air passageways allowing fluid communication between spoke segments and strut members. The apparatus is towed at the end of a boom of a tanker aircraft and is connected to the boom by means of a gimbal allowing two degrees of freedom to reduce bending moments and connection stresses. Selected fluid parameters are transmitted to the tanker aircraft to adjust fluid flow, if necessary.