Abstract: A sparger system for removing sodium chlorate crystal and other particulate material in slurry or solution form from a tank car comprises a plurality of spray nozzles from which water is expelled as a flat spray initially to dissolve sodium chlorate so as to cavitate the mass of sodium chlorate chlorate crystals, which break off in lumps into the cavity and then to impact the walls and roof of the tank car to flush off residual sodium chlorate crystal. The slurry is collected in a sump and is discharged therefrom, with additional sprays agitating the sump to break up clumps of sodium chlorate and to maintain the particulates in suspension.

Abstract: A steamer which accelerates the fixing of dyestuffs while reducing backing distortion and minimizing crocking and the accompanying steaming method are disclosed. The steamer uses low pressure jets of steam impinging at low velocity on the upper surface of steamed materials to displace cooler embedded air and promote fixing of printed dyes. Because fixing occurs in less time and the backing is not directly exposed to the hot steam, much less curling and distortion of the backing results. Using low velocity steam also minimizes movement of fibrous surfaces to prevent excessive dye transfer between adjacent fibers.

Abstract: Alkali metal polyphosphates consisting substantially of hollow spheroidal particles with an apparent density of less than 350 g/l are made. To this end, an alkali metal orthophosphate solution is forced under a pressure of 6-40 bars into a fluidization zone; the orthophosphate solution is fluidized in the fluidization zone by injecting a finely dispersed permanent gas maintained under a pressure higher than the orthophosphate solution; and the fluidized orthophosphate solution is sprayed with the aid of a plurality of single medium nozzles arranged downstream of the fluidization zone through a flame zone produced inside the spray tower. Apparatus for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A swirl jet nozzle as a hydraulic work tool is to be capable of operating reliably as a structurally simple tool, with smooth outer surfaces as far as possible, requiring neither bearings nor seals, so that it is also suitable for cleaning clogged, narrow tubular parts, in particular pipes, with a high-pressure medium and for drilling holes in soft materials. This is achieved by a sleeve-shaped rotor (1), arranged directly above a tapered neck (5) of a stator (2), being provided, which is supported on the stator side on a face (7) of an extended region (8) of the stator (2), preferably via a washer (6) of plastic or the like pushed over the neck (5) of the stator (2), and is axially secured by means of at least one pin (11) engaging tangentially into a circular groove (9) in the neck (5) and borne in a cross bore (10) in the rotor (1).

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for movably washing, rinsing and drying a stationary article positioned within a housing defining a washing chamber therein. A support strut extends horizontally through the housing and a carriage means is movably mounted thereon to allow reciprocal lateral movement back and forth along the support strut. A support wheel structure rotably movable with respect to the carriage is mounted thereto and is in engagement with the support strut to facilitate this reciprocal movement. The carriage includes mounted thereon means for washing, rinsing and drying of the article positioned within the washing chamber. A drive is included including three rotatably movable pulleys and a driven sprocket. An air extractor is secured with respect to the housing to exhaust air from the washing chamber when drying air is being fed therein.

Abstract: A sludge lance wand for cleaning once through steam generator tubes. A curved high pressure fluid feed tube has a plurality of feed tube extensions attached at one end and a first nozzle brace attached at the other end and in fluid communication with the feed tube. A second nozzle brace bolted to the first nozzle brace retains nozzle blocks in position between the two braces. The nozzle blocks are in fluid communication with the first nozzle brace and are provided with nozzle openings angled for cleaning the triangular-pitch positioned tubes in a once through steam generator. O-ring seals on each end of the nozzle blocks press fit against the braces to prevent leakage and insure that full fluid flow is directed through the nozzle openings.

Abstract: A shower pipe for a rotary drum filter includes a fiberglass pipe body of rectangular cross section with two rows of spray holes and with the holes of one row being staggered with respect to the holes of the other row. The upper row includes a separate diffusion flange for each hole. The lower row includes a continuous diffusion flange which is reinforced and rigid to resist deflection and serve as a striker to limit the thickness of pulp stock passing upwardly by the flange. The lower flange includes a flexible flange extension which extends to the pulp mat on the drum to limit heat loss from the spray of washer fluid. Different diffusion flanges on the same pipe define different spray trajectories to prevent overconcentration of spray impinging the mat.

Abstract: An adhesive dispensing apparatus for applying continuous, parallel adhesive beads onto the center portion of a substrate and intermittent, parallel adhesive beads on the outer portions of a substrate, particularly the plastic backing sheet of a disposable diaper. The apparatus includes a slot nozzle, divided into two center sections and two end sections, which is formed with flow passageways for each section having a coat hanger profile including a plurality of spaced, discharge orifices to form the parallel beads. A valving arrangement including solenoid-operated center dispensing valves for each center section of the nozzle, and solenoid-operated dispensing and recirculation valve pairs for each end section of the nozzle, controls the flow of adhesive to the nozzle.

Abstract: A shower pipe for a rotary drum filter has a square cross-sectional shape defined by top, bottom and side walls. The sidewalls and a pair of lengthwise-extending continuous diffusion flanges depending from the bottom wall of the pipe stiffen the pipe against sag for placement at a 12 o'clock position spanning the filter drum. The pipe is formed of fiberglass reinforced plastic in two longitudinally-divided hollow sections in a pair of mirror image, trough-like molds. Each section has a pair of interconnection flanges for mating the sections together. The interconnection flanges extend normally to the sidewalls to stiffen the pipe when the bottom wall of the pipe is vertically-oriented for placing the pipe at a 9 o'clock position along one side of the filter durm. Glass rods are secured in the interior corners of the pipe to provide diagonal rigidity, for placing the pipe at, e.g., 10-11 o'clock position between the top and side of the filter drum.

Abstract: Improved water distribution troughs are disclosed for use in the cooler pad assemblies of evaporative coolers. The troughs are provided with a primary channel and at least one secondary channel both of which are coextensive in a side-by-side relationship longitudinally of the trough and both are provided with multiple water outlets. The coextending plural channels provided in the troughs results in improved water distribution capabilities so that they can be used to overcome the water distribution problems of the large cooler pad assemblies used in industrial size evaporative coolers. The troughs can also be used in the relatively small pad assemblies of residential size evaporative coolers with such use providing overflow protection in the event of restricted water outlet flow resulting from mineral deposition and the like.

Abstract: Apparatus for spraying ultrafine particles includes a nozzle in which two or more nozzle pipes for directing the ultrafine particles onto an objective surface are bundled together.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for a vehicle, e.g. car drying apparatus has a housing with an inlet for air. In use, the inlet is connected by a hose to a source of air such as a fan. A main partition in the housing divides the air flow into first and second substantially equal flows on either side of the partition. A flow dividing member divides the second flow into two equal parts. Two, second nozzles are formed for these two parts of the flow, and a first nozzle is provided on the other side of the partition for the first flow.

Abstract: A water supply unit for an ice-making machine provided with a pair of freezing plates each presenting number of vertically extending partitions on their front sides, the freezing plates being mounted in an upright position with their rear sides facing to each other, and with a cooling coil mounted between the rear sides of the freezing plates. The water supply unit is placed on the top of the freezing plates and has an ice-making water conduit section connecting to the front surfaces of the freezing plates via water supply plates and a flushing water conduit section connecting to the rear sides of the freezing plates. The flushing water conduit section of the supply unit is received into and fitted between the upper ends of the freezing plates for securely positioning the water supply unit with respect to the freezing plates.

Abstract: A cleaning tool connectable to a pressurized fluid source and forming a plurality of fluidic cleansing jets, comprising an elongated tubular wand having a fluid inlet end and a closed end with a plurality of jet ports formed in an adjacent side wall and constructed and arranged for fluidic discharge in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: This improved ignition device for a moving grate type sintering machine is an inexpensive, compact combustion device which can form a strip of flame extending uniformly and continuously over the width of the strand. This ignition device can provide a uniform ignition intensity, and the ignition conditions of the raw mix can be controlled optimally by moving the burner and a hood therefor vertically and/or rotatably in accordance with the operational conditions of the sintering process. The ignition device thus contributes to prevent the sintered ore from being unevenly sintered, and to save heating energy.

Abstract: Water for bathing is sprayed from a hollow plate having a series of internal channels and a corresponding series of rows of openings from the channels through one face of the plate.

Abstract: A shower pipe for a rotary drum filter has a square cross-sectional shape defined by top, bottom and side walls. The sidewalls and a pair of lengthwise-extending continuous diffusion flanges depending from the bottom wall of the pipe stiffen the pipe against sag for placement at a 12 o'clock position spanning the filter drum. The pipe is formed of fiberglass reinforced plastic in two longitudinally-divided hollow sections in a pair of mirror image, trough-like molds. Each section has a pair of interconnection flanges for mating the sections together. The interconnection flanges extend normally to the sidewalls to stiffen the pipe when the bottom wall of the pipe is vertically-oriented for placing the pipe at at 9 o'clock position along one side of the filter drum. Glass rods are secured in the interior corners of the pipe to provide diagonal rigidity, for placing the pipe at, e.g., a 10-11 o'clock position between the top and side of the filter drum.

Abstract: A nuclear steam generator having a feedwater ring disposed in the upper portion of the steam generator above the tubes, the feedwater header having a plurality of J-shaped discharge nozzles, some of which are in fluid communication with the upper portion of the feedwater ring header and others being in fluid communication with the lower portion of the feedwater ring header, those in fluid communication with the lower portion of the feedwater ring header having a discharge elevation lower than those in fluid communication with the upper portion of the feedwater header so that during low feedwater flow operation feedwater is fed from the lower portion of the feedwater header removing cold water therefrom and promoting mixing of the feedwater in the header in order to reduce stratification of feedwater therein.

Abstract: The invention deals with means for producing a manifold for a strutted film. In particular, the connection of a plastic tubular conduit to a strutted film to form a fluid tight communication between the strut passageway and the interior of the conduit is disclosed. The present method is especially advantageous where the struts of the strutted film, as a result of their method of manufacture, are not readily heat sealable. Where necessary, the method may also be applied to provide a manifold for a group of individual tubes.

Abstract: In order to create a water pressure jet cleaner, especially for clogged sinks, which is as simple as possible, quick and handy to use and which can be used with the most widely differing water faucets, it is equipped with a connecting hose (11) with a connecting adapter (7), which can be attached by means of a clamping device (32, 27-31). A cleaning head (13) is provided at the other end of the connecting hose (11).

Abstract: A gas blowing nozzle is produced by molding a non-porous substance into a molding frame under pressure and at the same time positioning a plurality of gas passageways forming members at predetermined spaces and distances from each other. The passageway holes have cross sectional shapes as desired, so that the gas blowing may be accurately controlled to perform refining of molten metal.

Abstract: A flotation nozzle is described as having an enclosed chamber with unique fluid emitting orifices which are angularly oriented to produce a desired, directional flow of fluid. One such orifice is a dimple-shaped cavity which extends inwardly of the chamber and has a circular opening in the downstream portion of the dimple, relative to the flow of fluid in the chamber. The opening is tilted so that the direction in which the fluid flows from the opening substantially coincides with the resultant velocity vector of the velocity vectors due to static and dynamic fluid pressures at the orifice.

Abstract: A group of nozzles are submerged in a tank of liquid to produce convergent-divergent vortices and cavitation in a liquid which in turn produce acoustic vibrations which assist in cleaning articles placed in the liquid, or in emulsifying a mixture of liquids. Each such nozzle comprises a body, with a central axis, an inlet at one end for supply of liquid under pressure thereto, and a plurality of discrete outlet ports at the other end transversely spaced from the central axis, the axes of the ports converging externally of the body towards the central axis whereby liquid supplied to the inlet under pressure emerges from the outlets in discrete jets directed to pass close to but not to intersect the central axis of the body.

Abstract: In a heating apparatus of the type including a multiplicity of spaced, independent burners arranged in a single plane between a pair of manifolds which conduct air and gas to the burners, there is disclosed an improved ignition carry-over wherein the burners are arranged in a non-parallel, zig-zag pattern with the first end of each burner spaced relatively closely to the first end of the adjacent burner on one side thereof and spaced relatively far from the first end of the adjacent burner on the other side thereof whereby the flame readily jumps from one burner to the next.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for cleaning roofs and other surfaces having both coarse and fine compacted particulate matter to be cleaned. A spray of water under pressure of 1,000 to 2,000 psi is applied from the inside of an open bottommed vacuum chamber toward the surface to be cleaned along a line at an angle across the chamber, to dislodge fine and/or coarse residue from the surface. A second spray is immediately applied following the first before the residue resettles on the surface, while at the same time a vacuum is applied to the chamber to remove the deflected spray and residue.

Abstract: An inlet grating (11) is constituted by a thin corrugated sheet having rounded corrugation tops (15) facing incident gas flow (25) arriving at an oblique angle. The corrugations are parallel and regularly spaced with perforations at the bottoms thereof (23). Suitable choice of dimensions, together with optional auxiliary openings (24), can ensure a uniform flow perpendicular to the plane of the trough bottoms at a suitable distance therefrom. This is of particular application to drying apparatus.

Abstract: A fluid distributor for use in ion exchange vessel assemblies contain ion exchange resins, particularly fixed-bed assemblies. The distributor includes a hub containing a central fluid passage and at least two sets of laterally disposed, fluid-distributing conduits. One of the sets of lateral conduits has holes screened by a fine, resin-retaining mesh. A remotely-controllable valve assembly disposed in the hub regulates flow between the hub and the sets of lateral conduits, so that flow between the screened conduits and the hub may be shut off. The hub also includes means for adjusting the relative rate of fluid flow through the sets of lateral conduits.

Abstract: Metal strip reducing rolls are precisely cooled in multiple zones across the width of the strip by the selective activity of modular valve assemblies on coolant headers mounted near the reducing rolls. Each valve module may possess one or more remotely controllable coolant control valves within the header and associated coolant nozzles whose aperture sizes may vary in a fixed ratio within each zone to achieve a variable coolant flow rate in each zone while maintaining a constant unchanging coolant spray configuration and impingement force. Individual coolant valves and nozzles in a digital control system are fully on or fully off in contrast to gradient control of coolant in an analog system. An observer of the moving metal strip activates and deactivates selected nozzles in selected zones across the strip through a push button digital control console. Electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic valve control may be utilized. Back-up rolls in the mill may also be cooled.

Abstract: An improved hydraulic jet impingement cutting apparatus and method for cutting kerfs in rock or other hard formations by provision of divergent hydraulic jets in a cutter implement which cut clearance for passage of the implement into the kerf being cut.

Abstract: A spray washing system for garments including aspray station through which garments are transported in a generally vertical plane. The spray station has a set of vertically spaced pipes with parallel axes extending generally parallel to said plane. Each of the pipes forms an acute angle with the horizontal. A spray nozzle is mounted on each of the pipes and is arranged to direct a spray against garments in said plane. The pipes are rotatively oscillated about their axes to cause the spray area of the nozzles mounted thereon to oscillate. The vertically spaced pipes are interconnected so as to be simultaneously rotatively oscillated. Bars are rigidly connected to and extend from the pipes. Links are rotatively connected to the bars of two vertically spaced pipes on rotative axes parallel to the pipe axes, and provide for simultaneous movement of the interconnected bars.

Abstract: A burner formed from a sheet metal pressing doubled over to define a gas manifold has alternating flame ports 15 and 16 along one edge. Between the flame ports curled over tabs 19 and 20 define horizontally-directed retention flame ports 21. The tabs 19 and 20 also serve to clamp the edges of the pressing together against the strains of thermal cycling, eliminating the need for spot welding.

Abstract: A blow box for suspended guidance and/or conveyance of strip material or sheets in which the blow means is blown with the effect of a blow jet issuing from a slot nozzle at an incline against the strips or sheets to be guided and/or conveyed. The blow box includes a barrier wall provided with blast openings which are arranged therein facing the strips or sheets so as to be close to one another in a row and have blowing directions which are substantially the same or which slightly diverge towards the ends of the blow box. Each blast opening is formed by a tongue positioned in the barrier wall, the tip of the tongue being sunk into the blow box, and an inclined guide surface which is arranged with its edges around the tongue and which is sunk into the blow box, together with the edges of the guide surface which overlap into the barrier wall.

Abstract: An elongated burner, which produces a stream of metal oxide soot, comprises three adjacent housings. A centrally disposed housing contains a linear array of orifices for issuing a gas-oxygen mixture to produce a linear flame. Disposed on opposite sides of the central housing are two housings having orifices for issuing into the flame two linear streams of metal halide vapor. Gaps between the central and outer housings permit air to be aspired for stabilizing the flame. Additional flame stabilization may be achieved by providing a shield along the entire perimeter of the halide vapor streams to prevent the random aspiration of air into the sides of the flame.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying fluid from a lower level to an elevated level comprising a flexible fluid conveying tube having at one end a one way valve of simple construction and at the other end a dispensing head. In use the valve is placed below the surface of the fluid at the lower level and the dispensing head is oscillated to cause conveyance of fluid along the tube. Anchoring means are provided for maintaining the valve below the surface of the fluid at the lower level irrespective of the degree or vigorosity of oscillation of the dispensing head.

Abstract: An oxygen-containing gas distribution apparatus is dicslosed which can be employed in the fluidized bed regeneraton of carbon-contaminated catalysts, such as cracking catalysts.Said apparatus comprises a plurality of gas discharge nozzles affixed to at least one manifold member substantially horizontally disposed at the lower end of the regeneration chamber, said nozzles being restricted in internal cross-sectional area in their upstream portion connected to the manifold member and expanded in the internal cross-sectional area of their downstream portion such that a) the numerical ratio of the difference between the diameter of the downstream portion and the diameter of the upstream portion divided by the length of the downstream portion taken in the direction of gas flow does not exceed 0.18 and b) the ratio of the diameter of the upstream portion to its length taken in direction of gas flow does not exceed 1.67.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for bubble shearing are disclosed in which nascent bubbles are formed by flowing gas through the very small capillary openings of a gas diffusing surface into a moving liquid that shears the nascent bubbles off as it moves past the capillary openings. In the apparatus disclosed, the gas diffusing surface forms one wall of a liquid transmitting slot through which the shearing liquid flows as it shears off fine gas bubbles.A gas transmitting body or gas "bar" for use in the bubble shearing apparatus is disclosed. The gas transmitting body has at least one wall with a plurality of gas transmitting passages extending therethrough terminating in capillary openings. The maximum size of the capillary openings is given, as well as the maximum distance of the most remote capillary openings from an edge of the gas diffusing surface defining one boundary thereof. Improved and preferred values for these parameters are also given. Other structural features of the gas transmitting body are disclosed.

Abstract: A coupling arrangement for tubes, pipes or like members in a washing machine comprises one or more tubes provided with a ring packing on one end thereof, a coupling member on the machine, and a clamping device for engaging the tube. The ring packing is formed in three integral portions including a slide ring portion for guided axial displacement, an elastically axially compressible central part and an axially fixed supporting ring. The coupling arrangement is assembled by an insertion of the slide ring portion into an opening in the coupling member and pressed therein by the clamping device which first stresses the central part and urges it toward the coupling member and thereafter allows a slight backing away of the central part away from the coupling member. The slide ring portion is formed with a conical end surface for reception in and cooperation with the coupling member of which the opening is formed with a corresponding or mating surface to maintain a light seal.

Abstract: A plate for fluid bed reactors to insure uniform distribution of the fluidizing gas, comprises a pair of spaced opposed plates having holes therethrough, the holes in one plate being staggered relative to those of the other plate. The peripheral holes are larger than the central holes. The holes in the upper plate have upper frusto-conical parts and lower cylindrical parts, while the holes in the lower plate have upper cylindrical parts and lower frusto-conical parts. The plates have central holes closed by frusto-conical plugs operable from outside the associated apparatus to discharge material from the plate.

Abstract: Absorption of treatment composition into a surface layer of particulate material in a moving bed is substantially increased by spraying a major portion of the composition through a first group of nozzles and a minor portion of the composition through a second group of nozzles, the nozzles being attached to the top of a common transverse spray header which is oscillated across the moving bed. The first group of nozzles directs a plurality of substantially parallel vertical jets onto the surface of the moving bed to form therein, on combined motion of the bed and spray header, a zigzag pattern of trenches. The treatment composition is retained in these trenches as it is absorbed by adjoining particulate material. Loss of treatment composition due to run-off over a sloping or insufficiently wetted surface is avoided.