Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising a nozzle part (5) with an injection nozzle (13), said nozzle part having a pressure chamber (10) in which a nozzle needle (9) that closes the injection nozzle (13) is guided. Said nozzle needle can be moved into the opening position when subjected to pressure by the fuel to be injected. The pressure chamber (10) is connected to a control part (7) by a connecting channel (6), this control part having a valve chamber (21) into which the connecting channel (6) and a high pressure channel (8) that is connected to a fuel supply (4) open, and in which a valve body (23) is guided. Said valve body (23) acts as a piston system and is held in the closing position by a valve spring and a valve seat (22).

Abstract: In a fuel injection valve body for a direct injection type internal combustion engine, an entire nozzle body tip portion is formed in a conical shape protruding from a nozzle body outer peripheral surface covered with a cap. Therefore, neither a corner portion or a recessed portion is formed on a surface of the nozzle body tip portion. This prevents heat generated by combustion from concentrating at a corner portion or a surface area from enlarging by a recessed portion, which in turn prevents heat generated by combustion from increasing the temperature of the nozzle body tip portion. Moreover, since a foremost portion of a spherical shape is formed such that it does not form a corner portion or a recessed portion in a peripheral portion of a conical shape, heat generated by combustion does not increase the temperature of the nozzle body tip portion. The temperature of a nozzle hole can therefore be prevented from increasing and accumulation of deposits can be restricted.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for a fuel injector having a needle valve for controlling an injector valve orifice, the needle valve being subjected to a spring force and a fluid pressure force. The needle valve registers with a fuel delivery orifice and is movable into and out of engagement with a valve seat surrounding the orifice. The needle valve is normally biased to a valve closing position by a spring located in a spring cage. The spring cage becomes pressurized upon movement of the needle valve toward the needle valve open position, whereby a positive pressure is maintained in the spring chamber throughout the fuel injection event. A calibrated bleed orifice allows the spring chamber pressure to decay to a low value between injection events.

Abstract: A sealing element (2) for a fuel injector (1) insertable into a receiving bore (3) of a cylinder head (4) of an internal combustion engine for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber (7) of the internal combustion engine has a sealing element (17) surrounding a nozzle body (5) of the fuel injector (1) peripherally. The sealing element (2) includes a base body (15) having an axial recess (16) through which the nozzle body (5) extends. The base body (15) also has an annular recess (18) which communicates with the recess (16) and into which the sealing element (17) is introduced. At a first contact face (51), the base body (15) is in at least indirect contact with an end face (58) of the fuel injector (1), and at a second contact face (57) opposite the first contact face (51), the base body (15) is at least in indirect contact with the step (11) of the receiving bore (3).

Abstract: In a fuel injection nozzle, a nozzle body is provided inside with a guide hole having a second guide portion (cylindrical hole) for slidably holding a guide shaft of a needle and a seat surface axially below the second guide portion, with first injection bores opened to the seat surface and with second injection bores opened to an inner circumference of the second portion. The needle is provided at an end thereof with a circular seat contact coming in contact with the seat surface axially above the first injection bores and inside the guide shaft with a fuel passage through which fuel is supplied to a position axially above the seat contact. With the construction mentioned above, as the second guide portion is formed axially above the sack chamber and inner diameter thereof is larger than that of the sack chamber, the second guide portion is more easily formed at lower cost.

Abstract: The fuel injection system has one high-pressure fuel pump and one fuel injection valve for each cylinder of the engine. A pump work chamber can be made to communicate with a pressure chamber of the injection valve which has a valve member movable in an opening direction by the pressure in the pressure chamber, counter to a closing force. A first control valve, controls a communication of the work chamber with a relief chamber, and a second control valve, controls the pressure prevailing in a control pressure chamber urging the injection valve closed. In a first switching position of the first control valve the work chamber is made to communicate with the relief chamber, while the pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber are disconnected from the work chamber, and for a second switching position, the work chamber is disconnected from the relief chamber by the first control valve, while the pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber communicate with the work chamber.

Abstract: An injector for controlling fluids has a piezoelectric actuator and a hydraulic pressure intensifier. The hydraulic pressure intensifier is composed of a first piston, a second piston and a pressure chamber filled with fluid and situated between the two pistons. In addition, a control valve and a priming device are provided to replace the fluid loss in the pressure chamber caused by leakage. The priming device has a priming chamber filled with fluid, and leakage losses in the pressure chamber are replaced by fluid from the priming chamber during a return movement of the hydraulic pressure intensifier as a result of a displacement effect in the priming chamber created directly or indirectly by the first piston.

Abstract: A fuel injector including a tubular casing having an axial fuel passage. Disposed within the fuel passage are a valve seat element, a core cylinder, and a valve element axially moveably disposed therebetween and opposed to the core cylinder with an axial air gap. An electromagnetic actuator cooperates with the casing, the valve element and the core cylinder to form a magnetic field forcing the valve element to the open position against a spring between the valve element and the core cylinder upon being energized. The casing includes a reluctance portion producing an increased magnetic reluctance and allowing the magnetic field to extend to the valve element and the core cylinder through the air gap. The reluctance portion has a reduced radial thickness and an axial length extending over the air gap.

Abstract: A coating for fuel system components, including components of fuel injectors, adapted for use with low lubricity fuels is disclosed. The invention consists of a metal carbon material coating or a metal nitride coating to the fuel pump plunger or other fuel injection system components. The invention utilizes a coating on the fuel injector plunger that minimizes scuffing or seizure associated with the plunger and barrel.

Abstract: A nozzle needle of a fuel injector is driven in a controlled manner by changing back pressure applied thereto. The back pressure is controlled by a pressure control valve driven by stacked piezoelectric elements. A valve body of the pressure control valve is disposed in a valve chamber having a drain port and a high pressure port which are selectively closed. A diameter D1 of a drain seat, a diameter D2 of a high pressure seat, and a diameter D3 of a piston portion connected to the valve body are set to satisfy a relation: D1≧D2≧D3. In this manner, operation of the pressure control valve is stabilized, and thereby the fuel injector is smoothly and stably operated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve, in particular a fuel injection valve for a high-pressure accumulator injection system of an internal combustion engine. Said valve comprises a valve body, provided with a valve body seat and a valve needle, guided over a guiding length in said valve body within a stationary circular cylindrical guiding surface and provided with a valve needle seat for controlling a spray orifice. According to the present invention, a pressure reservoir under high pressure, in the shape of an annular groove arranged coaxially in relation to the guiding surface, is provided in said valve body.

Abstract: Fluid in a chamber, through which a fuel control armature is moving, is used to dampen armature vibrations. This dampening effect is achieved by forming a passage through which the fluid flows as the actuator moves to a steady state position. This passage may be implemented in a control module for controlling fuel delivery in a fuel injector. The control module includes a control module housing defining the cavity. The armature is disposed at least partially within the cavity. The armature affects the flow of fuel in the injector by changing the area of a fuel port through which fuel passes. The fluid passage is formed as the armature moves towards a contact wall defining the cavity.

Abstract: Particularly in the fuel injector art, two components may define a high pressure space that is sealed against leakage via a planar sealing land between the two components. If a leak develops in the planar contact area between the two components, it can act to wedge the two components apart, which tends to exacerbate the leakage problem, and so on. Since some leakage between the two components is almost inevitable for a variety of reasons known in the art, a strategy that arrests the leak before it can produce the component separating wedge affect would be beneficial. This can be accomplished by positioning a leak arrest volume, which may be vented, around a majority of the perimeter of the high pressure space. The usage of a leak arrest volume finds particular application in fuel injectors, especially a class of common rail fuel injectors that are maintained at high pressure during prolonged periods between injection events.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection system for use in internal combustion engines. The injection system has having delivery units (2, 3) for delivering fuel from a fuel reservoir (1) in order to supply at least one high-pressure line (9, 10) to the cylinders of the engine. The at least one high-pressure line (9, 10) supplies a number of fuel injectors (11), which each include an injector nozzle (16) that supplies fuel to a combustion chamber of the engine. The at least one high-pressure line (9, 10) and includes line segments (17, 17.1, 17.2) that connect the individual fuel injectors (11) to one another. The injector bodies (20) of the fuel injectors (11) each have an accumulator chamber (36, 36.1) integrated into them.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injector body for a fuel injection system, in which the injector body has a substantially cylindrically shaped valve chamber, into which fuel can be introduced at high pressure via an inlet bore, which discharges through an inlet opening in the valve chamber. To compensate for the high local notch tensile stresses in the circumferential direction of the valve chamber, it is proposed that at least in the region of the inlet opening, the valve chamber be provided with bulges, each adjacent the inlet opening in the circumferential direction. These bulges bring about a major compensation for the notch tensile stresses and thus increase the high-pressure strength.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having a high-pressure fuel pump and a fuel injection valve for each engine cylinder. A pump work chamber can be made to communicate with a pressure chamber of the injection valve having a valve member movable by pressure in the pressure chamber to control opening of at least one injection opening. A connection of the pump with a relief chamber is controlled by a first electrically actuated control valve, and a second control valve controls the pressure in a control pressure chamber, which pressure urges the injection valve in the closing direction. A blocking valve is disposed in the connection of the pump with the pressure chamber, and the connection of the pump with the relief chamber, in which the first control valve is disposed, leads away between the pump and the blocking valve.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus has a high-pressure fuel pump (10) and a fuel injection valve (12) connected to it for each cylinder of the engine. The high-pressure fuel pump (10) has at least one pump piston (18) that is driven into a stroke motion by the engine and delimits a pump working chamber (22), which is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank (24). A control valve (68) at least indirectly controls a connection (66) of the pump working chamber (22) to a relief chamber (24) and a pressure source (23) in order to fill the pump working chamber (22) during the intake stroke of the at least one pump piston (18). The high-pressure fuel pump (10) has two pump pistons (18, 118), wherein a first pump piston (18) is provided, inside which a second pump piston (118) is guided so that it can slide in an approximately coaxial fashion and wherein the two pump pistons (18, 118) delimit the pump working chamber (22).

Abstract: The fuel injector comprises a control module, with a piston guide extending downwards, in which a control piston is arranged. The fuel injector further comprises a nozzle body, with a top surface on which the control module is mounted. The nozzle body comprises a drilling with a nozzle needle, co-operating with the control piston, arranged in the lower section thereof and the piston guide, arranged in the upper section thereof. A high pressure inlet is arranged in the control module and opens out into the drilling at the top surface. The drilling is embodied such that, on lifting the nozzle needle from the valve seat thereof, the fuel which escapes from the fuel injector is replaced, whereby fuel from the high pressure inlet flows through the drilling in the direction of the valve seat.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector comprises a valve group subassembly and a coil group subassembly. The valve group subassembly includes a tube assembly having a longitudinal axis that extends between a first end and a second end; a seat that is secured at the second end of the tube assembly and that defines an opening; an armature assembly that is disposed within the tube assembly; a member that biases the armature assembly toward the seat; an adjusting tube that is disposed in the tube assembly and that engages the member for adjusting a biasing force of the member; a filter that is at least within the tube assembly; and a first attachment portion. The coil group subassembly includes a solenoid coil that is operable to displace the armature assembly with respect to the seat; and a second attachment portion that is fixedly connected to the first attachment portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for injecting fuel, with a fuel pump for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, which contains a pump piston that is driven in a stroke motion. This pump piston delimits a pumping chamber, which is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank. The fuel injection apparatus also has a fuel injection valve (25) that has a pressure chamber (22) connected to the fuel pump (13) and has an injection valve element (18) that controls at least one injection opening (24). The pressure prevailing in a pressure chamber (22) can move the injection valve element (18) in an opening direction counter to a closing force in order to unblock the at least one injection opening (24) while a pressure prevailing in a control chamber (14) acts at least indirectly on the injection valve element (18) in the closing direction. The control chamber (14) can be pressure-relieved by means of a control valve (31) that can be actuated by an actuator (3).

Abstract: In a fuel injection valve, a flow-out passage is provided on a downstream side thereof with an out-orifice. The out-orifice is provided around a periphery of an inlet opening thereof with an inlet circumferential edge with which a flow of fuel to be ejected from a pressure control chamber via the out-orifice is swirled so that turbulent flow is forcibly formed. Then, the turbulent flow is maintained until the fuel is ejected. Dimensions of the out-orifice satisfy the formulas, R/D≦0.2 and L/D≦1.2, where R is corner radius of the inlet circumferential edge of the out-orifice, D is inner diameter thereof and L is axial length thereof. Accordingly, fuel injection is stable with less fuel amount fluctuation in each cycle even when fuel pressure and temperature are relatively low.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection valve, comprising a control chamber (15) with a control piston (16) that is functionally linked with a nozzle needle (35). The control chamber (15) is linked, via an inlet throttle (13), with pressurized fuel, and with an outlet throttle (14) with a valve chamber (9). A servo valve (5) is disposed in the valve chamber (9), said servo valve opening a connection between the valve chamber (9) and a return element (40) depending on its position. The inventive injection valve further comprises a bypass throttle (12) that is interposed between the fuel feed line and the valve chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for adjusting the valve lift of an injector, especially a fuel injector for mixture-compressing externally ignited internal combustion engines. The valve has a fuel intake, an energizable actuation device, which moves a valve needle having a valve closing component, a fixed valve seat formed on a valve seat element, with which the valve closing component interacts for opening and closing the valve, and a fuel outlet. Furthermore, the valve has a valve seat support provided with an internal longitudinal opening for accepting the valve needle. The valve needle executes a lift between a valve closing position and a valve opening position. The valve seat support is preformed having at least one radially-outward-protruding raised section. In order to change the lift of the valve needle, the raised section is plastically deformed in radial direction toward the longitudinal opening.

Abstract: The fuel injection system has a high-pressure fuel pump (10) with a fuel injection valve (12) connected to it for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A pump piston (18) of the high-pressure fuel pump (10) defines a pump working chamber (22) that communicates with a pressure chamber (40) of the fuel injection valve (12), which has an injection valve element (28) that controls injection openings (32) and can be moved in an opening direction (29) counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (40). A first control valve (68) controls a connection (66) of the pump working chamber (22) to a relief chamber (24) and a second control valve (70) controls a connection (64) of a control pressure chamber (52), which communicates with the pump working chamber (22), to a relief chamber (24).

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle assembly includes an injector body including a valve seat with a supply passage through which fuel flows generally along a supply axis. A nozzle plate having a top surface and a bottom surface is mounted onto the valve seat. The top surface includes a recess formed therein whereby fuel flows into the recess from the supply passage. A plurality of swirl chambers are formed within the top surface, each having a conical orifice extending from the swirl chamber to the bottom surface of the nozzle plate. A plurality of channels interconnect each of the swirl chambers to the recess, wherein the channels meet the swirl chambers offset from a center of the swirl chambers.

Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine has multiple control valves with a single valve actuator. The valves may be packaged in an injector assembly with an economy of space and a simplified assembly procedure during manufacture. The valves are sequenced using calibrated force balance relationships as fuel injection rate shaping is established.

Abstract: For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the fuel injection apparatus has a high-pressure fuel pump and a fuel injection valve connected to it. A pump piston of the high-pressure fuel pump defines a pump working chamber, which is connected to a pressure chamber of the fuel injection valve, which has an injection valve member, which controls the injection openings and which the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber can move in an opening direction, counter to a closing force. A first control valve controls a connection between the pump working chamber and a relief chamber, and a second control valve controls a connection between a relief chamber and a control pressure chamber connected to the pump working chamber. A control piston, which is connected to the injection valve member, divides the control pressure chamber into two separate partial chambers, which are connected to each other by means of a throttle restriction.

Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine has multiple control valves with a single valve actuator. The valves may be packaged in an injector assembly with an economy of space and a simplified assembly procedure during manufacture. The valves are sequenced using calibrated force balance relationships as fuel injection rate shaping is established.

Abstract: A fuel injector, e.g., an injector for fuel injection devices in internal combustion engines, has a valve needle with a valve-closure member which cooperates with a valve seat surface in a valve seat body to form a sealing seat, in which the valve seat body has a plurality of injection orifices that are isolated from the fuel supply by sealing seat. The valve-closure member has a pressure element in a recess facing the valve seat body, which is pre-tensioned against the valve seat body by a spring which is supported on the valve-closure member and presses a disc spring against the valve seat body, in such manner that the disc spring covers at least one of the injection orifices, and the spring element uncovers this injection orifice when the tension exerted by the pressure element is removed.

Abstract: A fuel injection device (26) for an internal combustion engine (10) has a fuel inlet (40) and a fuel outlet (42). A plunger (58) is operable within a fuel pumping chamber (50) for forcing pressure-amplified fuel to open and pass through an outlet control valve (56) at the outlet. A (“fast-acting”) control valve (64) operates in timed relation to the engine cycle to allow control fluid from an oil rail (34) to force valve (56) closed when fuel is not to be injected and to disallow control fluid from forcing valve (56) closed when fuel is to be injected. A (“slow-acting”) control valve (72) is selectively operable in timed relation to the engine cycle to disallow control fluid from acting on plunger (58) when fuel is not to be injected, but allow control fluid to act on the plunger to force injection when control valve (72) is disallowing control fluid from forcing control valve (56) closed.

Abstract: A valve subassembly of a fuel injector that allows spray targeting and distribution of fuel to be configured using non-angled or straight orifice having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the subassembly. Metering orifices are located about the longitudinal axis and defining a first virtual circle greater than a second virtual circle defined by a projection of the sealing surface onto the metering disc so that all of the metering orifices are disposed outside the second virtual circle. The projection of the sealing surface converges at a virtual apex disposed within the metering disc. At least one channel extends between a first end and second end. The first end is disposed at a first radius from the longitudinal axis and spaced at a first distance from the metering disc.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus has a high-pressure fuel pump (10) and a fuel injection valve (12) connected to it for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A pump piston (18) of the high-pressure fuel pump (10) delimits a pump working chamber (22), which is connected to a pressure chamber (40) of the fuel injection valve (12), which has a injection valve element (28) that can control injection openings (32) and can be moved in an opening direction (29) counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (40). A control valve (70) controls a connection (64) of a control pressure chamber (52), which communicates with the pump working chamber (22) and is delimited by a control piston (50), to a relief chamber (24).

Abstract: The fuel injection system has a high-pressure fuel pump (10) and a fuel injection valve (12) connected to it for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A pump piston (18) of the high-pressure fuel pump (10) delimits a pump working chamber (22) that is connected to a pressure chamber (40) of the fuel injection valve (12), which has an injection valve element (28) that controls injection openings (32) and can be moved in an opening direction (29) counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (40). A first control valve (68) controls a connection (66) of the pump working chamber (22) to a relief chamber (24) and a second control valve (70) controls a connection (64) of a control pressure chamber (52), which communicates with the pump working chamber (22), to a relief chamber (24). A throttle restriction (63, 65) is respectively provided in connections (62, 64) of the control pressure chamber (52) to the pump working chamber (22) and the relief chamber (24).

Abstract: For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the fuel injection system has one high-pressure fuel pump (10) with a pump work chamber (22) and one fuel injection valve (12) communicating with the pump work chamber. By means of a control valve (70) actuated by means of a piezoelectric actuator (84), a connection of the pump work chamber (22) with a relief region (78). The fuel injection valve (12) has a first injection valve member (28), by which at least one first injection opening (32) is controlled and which is movable by the pressure generated in the pump work chamber (22) in an opening direction (29), counter to a closing force.

Abstract: A fuel injector preferably has a body, a closure member, a piezoelectric device, and a hydraulic thermal compensator. The body extends along an axis. The closure member is displaceable with respect to the body between a first configuration and a second configuration. The first configuration prevents fuel flow through the body, and the second configuration permits fuel flow through the body. The piezoelectric device displaces the closure member from the first configuration to the second configuration. The compensator is coupled with the piezoelectric device and includes a first tube, a second tube, a piston, and fluid. The first tube extends along the axis from a first end portion that occludes the first tube. The first end portion contiguously engages a first one of the body, the closure member, and the piezoelectric device. The second tube is telescopically received in the first tube.

Abstract: A fuel injector, in particular for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, has a valve closing body which can be operated by an actuator by a valve needle and which cooperates with a valve seat face to form a sealing seat. Swiveling toggle elements are situated between the actuator and the valve needle, so that the actuator acts on first lever arms of the swiveling toggle elements, and second lever arms are mechanically linked to the valve needle.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a fuel inlet, a fuel outlet, and a fuel passageway extending along an axis between the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet. The fuel injector comprises a body, an armature, a spring, and a spring stop. The body has an inlet portion, an outlet portion, and a passage disposed between the inlet portion and the outlet portion. The armature is disposed within the passage and is displaceable along the axis relative to the body. The spring is disposed within the passage and applies a biasing force to the armature. The spring has a first end disposed proximate the armature and a second end opposite from the first end. The spring stop is disposed within the passage and has a first and second portion. The first portion includes at least one projection engaging the passage. The at least one projection extends obliquely with respect to the axis and in a direction general toward the inlet portion.

Abstract: A dual fuel injection valve separately and independently injects two different fuels into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. A first fuel is delivered to the injection valve at injection pressure and a second fuel is either raised to injection pressure by an intensifier provided within the injection valve, or delivered to the injection valve at injection pressure. Electronically controlled valves control hydraulic pressure in control chambers disposed within the injection valve. The pressure of the hydraulic fluid in these control chambers is employed to independently actuate a hollow outer needle that controls the injection of the first fuel. Disposed within the outer needle is an inner needle that controls the injection of the second fuel. The outer needle closes against a seat associated with the injection valve body and the inner needle closes against a seat associated with the outer needle.

Abstract: A fuel injector (1) having a chamber (7) with a fuel inlet (8) and a plurality of fuel outlets (10), and including a fuel distributor (18) that is arranged in the chamber (7) for the purpose of distributing fuel introduced into the chamber (7) via the fuel inlet (8) to the outlets (10). The fuel distributor (18) includes a generally rotary symmetric distributor body (19).

Abstract: A common rail injector is proposed which offers great freedom in designing the course of the preinjection main injection and of the injection pressure. Moreover, it offers improved security against leaks into the combustion chamber, caused for instance by a leaking nozzle needle valve seat.

Abstract: For each cylinder of the engine, the fuel injection system has one high-pressure fuel pump (10) and one fuel injection valve (12) communicating with it. A pump piston (18) of the high-pressure fuel pump (10) defines a pump work chamber (22), which communicates with a pressure chamber (40) of the fuel injection valve (12), which valve has an injection valve member (28) by which injection openings (32) are controlled, and which valve is movable in an opening direction counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (40). By means of a first control valve (68), a connection (66) of the pump work chamber (22) to a relief chamber (24) is controlled, and by means of a second control valve (70), a connection (66) of a control pressure chamber (52), communicating with the pump work chamber (22) and defined by a control piston (50), to a relief chamber (24) is controlled.

Abstract: A fuel injector assembly comprising an engine camshaft driven piston plunger in a plunger body, a control valve, an electromagnetic actuator for stroking the control valve between limiting positions and a valve stop assembly establishing a first limiting valve stroke position when the control valve is fully open and a second valve stroke position corresponding to a reduced fuel delivery pressure prior to a main fuel pressure pulse in a fuel injection event.

Abstract: A turbo-charged internal combustion cylinder assembly includes a combustion chamber, an intake port communicably connected with an intake manifold, and an exhaust port communicably connected with an exhaust manifold. An intake valve is disposed within the intake port, and an exhaust valve is disposed within the exhaust port, the valves facilitating, in an open position, or restricting, in a closed position, gas flow between their respective ports and the combustion chamber. A compressor may be communicably connected to the intake manifold so as to provide pre-combustion gases to, and regulate pressure of the combustion chamber. The exhaust valve may open while the intake valve is closed to exhaust post-combustion gases from the combustion chamber. Alternatively, the exhaust valve may open while the intake valve is open to admit post-combustion gases into the combustion chamber if the combustion chamber pressure is lower than the exhaust port pressure.

Abstract: A fuel injector (1) for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator (6) and an hydraulic coupler (2), the coupler (2) having a master piston (3) and a slave piston (8), which are connected to a pressure chamber (14), and the pressure chamber (14) being filled with an hydraulic fluid. The pressure chamber (14) is sealed from an actuator chamber (21) by a first seal (12) and from a valve interior chamber (17) by a second seal (13).

Abstract: An injection nozzle of a stroke-controlled fuel injection device has a control chamber for triggering a nozzle needle and also has a nozzle chamber connectable to a pressure booster. The communication between a differential chamber of the pressure booster and a leakage line and the communication between a control chamber and a leakage line are controllable with the aid of a common valve.

Abstract: An injector, actuated by a piezoelectric actuator with a hydraulic booster, for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines is disclosed, in which the pressure booster is always hydraulically prestressed.

Abstract: A valve unit having a needle valve member, a control valve, a control line extending between the control valve and the needle valve member. Pressurized actuation fluid may be applied to the needle valve member via the control valve and the control line, in order to bias the needle valve member in a first direction. A vent passage is provided, which is fluidly connected to the control line between the needle valve member and the control valve. A valve element which is movably disposed in the control line and has a first position in which said vent passage is closed, and a second position in which said vent passage is open to the control line.

Abstract: A fuel injector with a direct control needle valve has a closing hydraulic surface exposed to a control fluid, and an opening hydraulic surface exposed to fuel. The control fluid is different from the fuel. A vented annulus is positioned around the needle valve member between the control fluid chamber and the fuel chamber. An o-ring is positioned in a lower pressure region between the annulus and the control fluid chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, having a common high-pressure collection chamber (common rail) that can be filled via a high-pressure pump. The high-pressure collection chamber communicates with injection valves, each of which includes a control valve embodied as a 3/2-way valve. Control faces are provided on the control part, which connect a high-pressure collection supply line to inflow lines to the injection nozzle or with a relief line, and the control part is actuatable by a controlled outflow line. The control part includes a throttle element, which via a bore communicates with a hollow chamber.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a unit fuel injector, the injector internally preparing fuel during an injection event at a pressure sufficient for injection into an internal combustion engine by means of an intensifier piston includes a selectively actuatable controller being in fluid communication with a source of pressurized actuating fluid and being in fluid communication with a substantially ambient actuating fluid reservoir, the controller having a first valve for selectively independently porting actuating fluid to and venting actuating fluid from the intensifier piston and a second valve for selectively independently porting actuating fluid to and venting actuating fluid from a needle valve during the injection event for controlling opening and closing of the needle valve. The control apparatus may also control an engine intake/exhaust valve. An engine valve actuator and methods of control are further included.