Abstract: A bowl liner retaining device is provided that may allow for easy and quick replacement of worn or unusable bowl liners on cone crushers, while capable of providing a sufficient amount of tensioning load to hold the bowl liner in operational position during a rock-crushing operation.

Abstract: A system for fixing the mobile jaw on a conical head of a cone or giratory stone crusher, includes a bowl, with a feed hopper mounted thereon, a fixed truncated jaw mounted coaxially with the bowl, a crushing head mounted on a main shaft coaxial with the fixed jaw and a conical mobile jaw mounted on the head and clamped thereon by a locking element integral with the head and pressing on the top of the mobile jaw. The element has on its outer periphery notches radially oriented outwards and uniformly distributed on the periphery and the mobile jaw has, on its inner periphery, at its openings studs radially oriented inwards, uniformly distributed on the periphery and matching in number the notches, the studs penetrating when mounted in the notches so as to secure the locking element and the mobile jaw in rotation when the crusher is operating.

Abstract: A segmented wear resistant band for protecting a surface subject to wear in a crusher is comprised of segments or concaves. The segments of the wear resistant band can be separated from each other by portions of reduced thickness. The portions of reduced thickness can be cut after the installation to the surface. The segments can also include a flange for reception in a recess between a spider and the top shell of a gyratory crusher.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher includes a first shell having a support surface intended to abut against a shell-carrying member, and a first crushing surface intended to be brought into contact with material fed into the upper portion of the crusher, to crush the material against a corresponding second crushing surface disposed on a second shell arranged opposite the first shell. The first and second crushing surfaces oppose one another in spaced relationship to form a gap through which the material travels as it is being crushed. The gap includes an upper inlet and a lower outlet. Over at least 50% of the vertical height, from the outlet upwards toward the inlet, the first crushing surface is machined to a run-out tolerance, which on each level along the machined part of the vertical height does not exceed one thousandth of the largest diameter of the first crushing surface, or 0.5 mm, whichever is less.

Abstract: A substantially unidirectional clutch for rock crushers that may help prevent undesired rotation of the cone.

Abstract: It has been said that the wheel is the greatest invention of all time; when horses or oxen pulled wagons, dirt roads or no roads sufficed, but the wheels of modern transportation require paved roads for cars and trucks, concrete air strips for airplanes, ballast for railroads, concrete for dams, buildings, and many other things. Rock is the material that answers all these needs, but rock must be crushed to usable sizes. Big boulders or quarried rock are crushed by primary stage jaw or very large gyratory crushers that reduces the rock to sizes that second stage crushers can accept, and if the rock needs to be very small a third stage is used. Cone crushers are the crushers of choice for second and often for third stage crushing which is the type crusher of this patent application.

Abstract: A crushing chamber is formed between a concave liner and a mantle liner. The concave liner has a first area surface having a length of T to ?2T; a second and a third area surface; which surfaces are gradually inclined from the side of the inlet for the crushing chamber. The mantle liner has a first tapered surface having a length of greater than T, a cross angle of less than 20° and an inclination angle of greater than 60°; a second tapered surface having a length of greater than 0.5T and a cross angle of 5° to 10°; and a third tapered surface having an inclination angle of 45° to 50°. The area surfaces as well as the tapered surfaces are continuously arranged in a curvilinear manner. The shapes enhance the throughput of goods in a good fine-crushing performance, reducing the uneven abrasion due to the action.

Abstract: A rock crusher includes a bowl coupled to a frame and a head assembly coupled to the frame defining a crushing gap between the head assembly and the bowl. The rock crusher further includes a number of fixed displacement hydraulic motors adapted to rotate the bowl with respect to the frame and a hydraulic fluid source providing a flow rate of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motors. A hydraulic control valve is adapted to remove one of the hydraulic motors from operation, directing the hydraulic fluid to the remaining hydraulic motors. The flow rate of hydraulic fluid remains unchanged, thereby increasing the hydraulic fluid flow rate provided to and the speed of the remaining hydraulic motors.

Abstract: Malfunctions of sliding bearings of cone crushers used in crushing stone are anticipated by providing sensors in connection to bearing parts, by means of which sensors it is possible to observe increases in friction forces. A beginning bearing damage can be detected by means of sensors at such an early stage, that extensive damage to bearings and to other parts of the crusher can be prevented.

Abstract: Malfunctions of sliding bearings of gyratory crushers used in crushing stone are anticipated by providing sensors in connection to bearing parts, by means of which sensors it is possible to observe increases in friction forces. A beginning bearing damage can be detected by means of sensors at such an early stage, that extensive damage to bearings and to other parts of the crusher can be prevented.

Abstract: A rock crusher of the gyratory cone type having a mainframe structured to be exceptionally strong yet lighter and less costly to manufacture. A tapered spindle bolted to mainframe, is drilled with multiple oil holes, is hollow for circulating heating/cooling fluid, and supports an adjustable thrust bearing. An eccentric member journals on spindle; eccentric has outer taper offset and canted relative to inner taper, and each taper has concentric cylinderical extensions; A gyrating conical member journals on eccentric. Said thrust bearing having spherical surfaces supports conical member on said spindle. A double reduction gear train transfers power to eccentric. Flow dividers direct lubricant to specific multiple ports for hydrostatic lubrication to conical and thrust bearings. Counterbalancing means. A detachable top frame positioned on top of mainframe is restrained against radial and circular movement. Pivoting hooks and hydraulic cylinders tilt outward facilitating rapid servicing.

Abstract: A cone crusher includes a frame, a shaft supported by the frame, and a head coupled to the shaft. An eccentric is rotatably coupled to the shaft and an eccentric bushing is coupled to the eccentric. A temperature sensor is attached to the eccentric bushing and directly measures the temperature of the eccentric bushing. A wireless transmitter is coupled to the temperature sensor, wherein the wireless transmitter transmits the measured temperature data.

Abstract: A cone crusher includes a frame, a shaft supported by the frame, and a head disposed on the shaft. An eccentric mechanism is coupled to the head. A one-way clutch is coupled to the shaft, and a friction torque limiting clutch is disposed within the head and coupled between the head and the one-way clutch.

Abstract: A rock crusher includes a bowl coupled to a frame and a head assembly coupled to the frame defining a crushing gap between the head assembly and the bowl. The rock crusher further includes a number of fixed displacement hydraulic motors adapted to rotate the bowl with respect to the frame and a hydraulic fluid source providing a flow rate of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motors. A hydraulic control valve is adapted to remove one of the hydraulic motors from operation, directing the hydraulic fluid to the remaining hydraulic motors. The flow rate of hydraulic fluid remains unchanged, thereby increasing the hydraulic fluid flow rate provided to and the speed of the remaining hydraulic motors.

Abstract: A conical crushing board and spindle mounting arrangement, which includes a cone fixedly mounted on a spindle, a conical crushing board mounted on the cone, the conical crushing board having a series of sloping teeth at a top side thereof, a conical locating member mounted on the conical crushing board around the spindle, the conical locating member being formed of four arched blocks abutted against one another and having a series of sloping teeth at a bottom side thereof respectively meshed with the sloping teeth at the conical crushing board, a lock nut fastened to the spindle to hold down the conical locating member and the conical crushing board, and a plurality of keys respectively inserted into respective radial locating grooves at the lock nut and engaged into respective locating notches at the conical locating member.

Abstract: A rock crushing system or conical rock crusher includes a bowl which is threadably engaged to a main frame. The bowl can be adjusted with respect to the main frame at more than one speed by utilizing a gap adjustment mechanism including a variable displacement hydraulic motor. Preferably, a set of two variable displacement hydraulic motor units can be utilized to drive the bowl with respect to the frame at a lower torque, higher speed setting and at a higher torque, lower speed setting.

Abstract: A conical crushing board and spindle mounting arrangement, which includes a cone fixedly mounted on a spindle, a conical crushing board mounted on the cone, the conical crushing board having a series of sloping teeth at a top side thereof, a conical locating member mounted on the conical crushing board around the spindle, the conical locating member being formed of four arched blocks abutted against one another and having a series of sloping teeth at a bottom side thereof respectively meshed with the sloping teeth at the conical crushing board, a lock nut fastened to the spindle to hold down the conical locating member and the conical crushing board, and a plurality of keys respectively inserted into respective radial locating grooves at the lock nut and engaged into respective locating notches at the conical locating member.

Abstract: A segmented wear resistant band for protecting a surface subject to wear in a crusher is comprised of segments or concaves. The segments of the wear resistant band can be separated from each other by portions of reduced thickness. The portions of reduced thickness can be cut after the installation to the surface. The segments can also include a flange for reception in a recess between a spider and the top shell of a gyratory crusher.

Abstract: The machine is comprised of a main body (32), a bonnet (14) which rests on the upper frame of the main body (32) and a concave holder (66) threadably inserted into the bonnet (14). The bonnet (14) is maintained in intimate contact with the main body (32) by means of a plurality of tramp iron cylinders (18) while the concave holder (66) is screwed into the bonnet (14) by means of an adjusting gear (16) and matching pinion (58). The concave holder (66) is locked in position within the bonnet (14) by means of a plurality of locking cylinders (60) positively engaging a locking slide ring (64). A mantle (70) covered male conical member (28) is driven by a crown gear (36) and pinion (52) in an elliptical rotation within the confines of a concave die (68) thus crushing the raw rock on each near pass.

Abstract: A dust seal system for a gyratory crusher having a shaft and a frame includes a bracket attached to the frame, a dust seal, and a collar. The bracket has a slot into which the dust seal is disposed, and the collar is in contact with the seal during crusher operation.

Abstract: A socket seal for a gyratory crusher is comprised of a ring with a pair of lips extending therefrom. The ring can have an outwardly expanding dovetail which is inserted into a slot in the piston or hemispherical bearing socket. The seal prevents downward flow of oil from the lubricated space between the hemispherical bearing ball and socket.

Abstract: A bearing retainer apparatus for a gyratory crusher is comprised of a bearing having a ball, a shaft disposed within the ball, and a plate secured to the shaft. Further, a method of assembling a bearing retainer system for a gyratory crusher includes attaching a bearing retainer plate onto the shaft of the crusher using bearing retainer bolts such that the bearing is clamped onto the shaft.

Abstract: A spider sleeve and seal apparatus for a gyratory crusher has upper and lower cylindrical sleeves disposed between the spider and a vertically slidable piston. Fixed o-rings are located between the sleeves and the spider, and moving seals are located in the piston. These seals prevent leakage from the hydraulic ring used to support the piston and shaft of the gyratory crusher.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher uses a new head nut attachment apparatus. The gyratory crusher has a shell, a shaft disposed within the shell, a mantle covering a portion of the shaft, a head nut located above the mantle, and a sleeve between the head nut and the shaft. The sleeve is maintained in position on the shaft by means of a tapered contact surface between the sleeve and the shaft, and the head nut is threaded onto the sleeve.

Abstract: An improved main shaft and assembly for a coal pulverizer having a circumferential groove at a predetermined location on the main shaft and in the yoke bushing to provide improved fretting resistance to reduce the occurrence of main shaft failure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, concaves for gyratory crushers are formed in a trapezoidal or triangular shape to achieve essentially three-point contact with an external shell of the gyratory crusher. In a further embodiment, concaves for gyratory crushers are provided with adjustable pads whose position with respect to the back surface of the concave can be changed. In a further embodiment, concaves for gyratory crushers are provided with alignment pads that are inserted between the back surface of the concave and the external shell of the gyratory crusher. In a further embodiment, concaves for gyratory crushers are provided with removable fastening member such as bolts that engage the back surface of the concave to mount the concave to the external shell of the gyratory crusher. The concaves of the present invention can provide secure mounting of the concaves in place to promote longer wear life and are easily removed for replacement.

Abstract: An anti-spin mechanism includes fingers disposed at a bottom portion of a crushing gap. In this way, the anti-spin mechanism does not interfere with the crushing apparatus as do clutch-based, anti-spin mechanisms. The anti-spin mechanism relies on mechanical prohibition of rotation of the crusher head with respect to the bowl due to finger-on-finger engagement. The fingers can be mounted on mantles, bowl liners, bowls, housing, or crushing heads to achieve anti-spin functions.

Abstract: The head nut assembly for gyratory crusher which includes a shaft having a lower portion, a tapered middle portion and a threaded upper portion. The threaded upper portion extends above the tapered portion. A mantle encompasses the middle tapered portion and has a correspondingly tapered internal side. The internal side is in generally continuous supportive engagement with the shaft middle portion. The mantle additionally has an upper side. A head nut is threadably secured to the upper portion of the shaft. The head nut has a lower face, where at least one bore extends upwardly into the lower face. An annular ring is disposed around the shaft between the mantle and the head nut. The ring has a lower surface coupled with the upper side of the mantle so as to prevent relative rotational movement between the mantle and the ring. An upper surface on the ring is contiguous with the lower face of the head nut. At least one key is disposed between the head nut and the annular ring.

Abstract: An improved main shaft for a coal pulverizer having a selected portion of the main shaft provided with an intervening material such as a thermally sprayed ceramic coating.

Abstract: A variable throw eccentric cone crusher. The cone crusher comprises a frame, a crusher head supported on the frame for gyration about a first axis, a bowl supported on the frame in spaced relation to the crusher head, and a mechanism on the frame for varying the eccentricity of the gyration of the crusher head. An eccentric member engages the crusher head and is eccentrically pivotable about a second axis radially offset from the first axis. The eccentric member is adjustable to vary the eccentricity of the gyration of the crusher head.

Abstract: A cone crusher with wear indicator. The cone crusher comprises a frame, a head rotatably supported on the frame, a bowl supported on the frame in spaced relation to the head, a liner mounted on one of the head and the bowl, and an indicator for indicating wear of the liner. Preferably, the indicator includes a recess defined by the liner, and the recess is revealed upon erosion of the wearing surface of the liner. Preferably, the cone crusher further comprises a backing material between the liner and the one of the head and the bowl. The backing material preferably fills the recess and is different from the material of which the liner is formed.

Abstract: A rock crusher such as a cone or jaw crusher incorporates hardened tapered inserts in the manganese or other wear liner of at least one of its crushing elements. The inserts extend outwardly from the crushing surface of the crushing element towards the facing crushing surface so as, in use, to act as pick axes that shatter rock primarily by impact rather than pulverizing the rock by compression. The inserts are fixed in a heat treated manganese wear liner either by bonding or by press-fitting. The inserts substantially improve the life of the wear liner and, unexpectedly, 1) produce product of a highly uniform gradation in the desired ranges, 2) consistently produce product with a very high cubicity, 3) dramatically reduce the crusher's power requirements, and 4) significantly increase the crusher's capacity.

Abstract: An anti-spin mechanism includes fingers disposed at a bottom portion of a crushing gap. In this way, the anti-spin mechanism does not interfere with the crushing apparatus as do clutch-based, anti-spin mechanisms. The anti-spin mechanism relies on mechanical prohibition of rotation of the crusher head with respect to the bowl due to finger-on-finger engagement. The fingers can be mounted on mantles, bowl liners, bowls, housing, or crushing heads to achieve anti-spin functions.

Abstract: An eccentric cone crusher having multiple counterweights. More particularly, the present invention provides a cone crusher including a frame, a crusher head for eccentric rotation about an axis, an eccentric member supporting the crusher head and having a center of gravity off the axis of eccentric rotation, and at least two counterweights attached to the eccentric. Utilizing more than one counterweight permits greater flexibility in positioning the counterweights, and minimizes moments and other stresses on the apparatus.

Abstract: An adjustment mechanism for a rock crusher has an insert installed in the thread form of a bowl support and a locking ring. A bowl is threadably installed in the bowl support and lock ring assembly and is movable toward and away from a cone assembly. The insert is of a material that differs from that of the bowl and bowl support. The lock ring is movable to frictionally lock the thread forms of the bowl and bowl support against each other. The inserts prevent the galling and deformation of the thread forms previously experienced.

Abstract: A cone crusher alternatively operable with either a first bowl liner or a second bowl liner, the crusher including a frame, a crusher head, a bowl supported by the frame, the bowl including a bowl liner mounting surface, a locking mechanism on the bowl and the bowl liner for alternatively fixing the first bowl liner and the second bowl liner to the bowl, the locking mechanism including at least one locking assembly including a wedge member, a first link, a lock pocket defined by the bowl and being adapted to receive the first link, a lock mount defined by the bowl and being adapted to receive the first link, the lock pocket and the lock mount being respectively located relative to the bowl liner mounting surface such that the locking assembly is engagable with the locking flange of the first bowl liner when received by the lock pocket and such that the locking assembly is engagable with the locking flange of the second bowl liner when received by the lock mount.

Abstract: A vibrating cone crusher which crushes material between a cone and a frustoconical ring located therearound. An annular frame supports the ring and a device for generating circular vibrations in a horizontal plane. Tie rods connect the frame to a cone holder. Vertical vibration that disrupts crusher operation is reduced or neutralized by positioning the center of gravity of the cone, the cone holder, the frame, and items supported thereon adjacent the plane of vibratory forces.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher with a tramp iron relief system having an annular manifold is disclosed. The gyratory crusher includes a frame, with the frame including a circumferential manifold ring having an internal hydraulic channel. A bonnet and a gyratory head are supported by the frame, with the gyratory head being spaced relative to the bonnet such that a crushing chamber is formed therebetween. The bonnet is adjustably mounted to the frame to permit relative vertical movement between the bonnet and the gyratory head. A hydraulic relief system is provided and includes at least one hydraulic cylinder operatively interconnecting the bonnet and the frame and being in flow communication with the hydraulic channel. The hydraulic relief system is arranged to allow uncrushable material to automatically pass through the crushing chamber.

Abstract: A rock crusher such as a cone or jaw crusher incorporates hardened tapered inserts in the manganese or other wear liner of at least one of its crushing elements. The inserts extend outwardly from the crushing surface of the crushing element towards the facing crushing surface so as, in use, to act as pick axes that shatter rock primarily by impact rather than pulverizing the rock by compression. The inserts are fixed in a heat treated manganese wear liner either by bonding or by press-fitting. The inserts substantially improve the life of the wear liner and, unexpectedly, 1) produce product of a highly uniform gradation in the desired ranges, 2) consistently produce product with a very high cubicity, 3) dramatically reduce the crusher's power requirements, and 4) significantly increase the crusher's capacity.

Abstract: A cone crusher for rock that has a rotatable wedge plate that rotatably supports a cone for crushing rock. The wedge plate has bores for receiving sized weights for balancing the rotating assembly. The bores place the weights out of the travel path of the crushed material and are not subject to wear or abrasion during operation of the crusher.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher for crushing material having a frame mechanism including a lower frame portion; a crusher head having a bottom surface; a mounting mechanism for pivotally and gyrationally mounting the crusher head on the lower frame portion wherein the mounting mechanism includes a plurality of hydrostatic bearings configured to form a sliding engagement with the bottom surface of the crusher head to operatively support the crusher head; a drive train configured to operatively connect said mounting mechanism to an external power source; and a self-contained lubricating system for operatively lubricating the mounting mechanism and the drive train, wherein the self-contained lubricating system includes a flow divider configured to separately distribute lubricant to each hydrostatic bearing of the plurality of hydrostatic bearings wherein the flow divider is further configured to operatively provide lubricant to each sliding engagement of the plurality of hydrostatic bearings such that the crusher head is sli

Abstract: A gyratory crusher includes a control system, an upper frame portion having a bowl liner, and a crushing head having a mantel such that a crushing chamber having a gap is formed between the bowl liner and the mantel. The control system includes detecting means for detecting a pre-defined bowl float condition of the crusher, adjusting means for automatically adjusting a width of the gap to thereby eliminate the bowl float condition, and monitoring means for determining magnitude and direction of changes in the width of the gap by monitoring rotation of the bowl liner relative to the upper frame portion. The control means is adapted to automatically adjust the width of the gap to operatively compensate for a wearing rate of the bowl liner and the mantel and to terminate operation of the crusher should rate of bowl float conditions exceed a pre-determined quantity.

Abstract: An improved positioning device for concaves of cone crushers including a supporting surface formed above a tapered inclined surface of a top cell and projecting inwardly, the supporting surface having slots symmetrically provided thereon for receiving and positioning lower positioning elements, and an annular flange disposed on the supporting surface. Opposite to the upper contact face of the supporting surface, the annular flange is provided with symmetrically distributed projections. Each projection is provided with a groove at a bottom edge thereof for receiving an upper positioning element mounted in place by a sunk-head bolt. A lower end face of the upper positioning element is configured to have a tapered surface that matches the respective one of the lower positioning elements. Furthermore, upper surfaces of the projections are provided with symmetrical key slots that are equivalent to the projections in number for mounting of stop blocks using sunk-head bolts.

Abstract: A clearing system for a cone crusher used to crush rock. The clearing system includes an actuating member which engages and lifts a lower push rod which is guided through a lower rod boss so as to remain axially aligned with an upper push rod, which in turn is guided by an upper rod boss. The upper push rod engages an adjustment ring which allows the crushing chamber sections to be separated to allow clearing of foreign material from the crusher. A preferably removable intermediate guide engages the lower push rod between the lower rod boss and the actuating member so that the lower push rod remains axially aligned with the actuating member and the upper push rod.

Abstract: A conical crusher having a rigidly supported outer frustoconically shaped crushing member and an inner conical crushing member supported on a wobble mechanism which is in turn supported by air bellows. The air pressure in the air bellows is regulated to adjust the spacing between the inner and outer crushing members, and therefore the particle size of the crushed material. The inner and outer crushing members are readily replaceable. The outer crushing member is a single piece bowl/bowl liner component.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher for crushing material having a frame mechanism including a lower frame portion; a crusher head having a crushing surface; a mounting mechanism, including a main shaft having a distal end, for pivotally and gyrationally mounting the crusher head on the lower frame portion, wherein the distal end has a first partial bore with first threads; a mantel; and a securing arrangement for removably securing the mantel in covering relation to the crushing surface.

Abstract: A gyratory crusher for crushing frangible or friable material where the crushing head is supported for drive in gyratory movement within the bowl, in which the head gyrates on a gyratory axis which is inclined with respect to, and intersects the central axis of the bowl, at an angle which is substantially fixed in use of the crusher. The head is supported by a bearing system including a first bearing component which is secured in relation to the crushing head and a second component which is mounted in relation to a frame. Drive is achieved by a mechanical arrangement in which, during its gyratory motion, the gyratory axis traverses a substantially fixed cone of revolution which has its apex at the intersection of the gyratory axis and the central axis of the bowl.

Abstract: The residence time of material in the crushing cavity of a conical/gyratory crusher is controlled by providing the crusher with a flow restricting arrangement at the lower end of the crushing surfaces. The flow restricting arrangement includes a frustum, ledges or ring of outwardly directed fingers provided at the lower end of the mantle, which finger are interspaced with inwardly directed fingers provided at the lower end of the bowl liner. The flow restricting arrangement also includes a solid ring or a frustum provided at the lower end of the mantle.

Abstract: A wedge tensioning device for securing screen material to a screening system having a T-bolt with a threaded shank for receiving a nut threadably engaged therewith for adjustment toward and away from the frame. A pair of opposing wedges each having an elongated aperture through each wedge is provided. The T-bolt is passed through the elongated aperture of each wedge and is positioned between the frame and the nut. A spacer having an aperture therethrough is positioned between the wedges. The screen may be readily removed from the screening apparatus by driving the smaller end of one of the two wedges away from the bolt shank and out from its position to thereby loosen the tension on the screen material and permit it removal and replacement. To tension the screen material, the large end of one of the two wedges may be driven toward the shank of the bolt.

Abstract: The gyratory crusher includes a bowl which defines a chamber for receiving material to be crushed and a discharge opening at the base thereof through which crushed material is able to discharge. A crushing head is mounted in the bowl at an offset position with respect to a central axis of the bowl, and a drive assembly is operable for driving the crushing head within the bowl for imparting gyratory motion to the head about a gyratory axis inclined with respect to and intersecting the central axis, whereby frangible or friable material received into the chamber is subjected to crushing between an inner peripheral surface of the bowl and an outer peripheral surface of the head by the gyratory motion of the head.