Abstract: A milling apparatus having a milling disc which is rotated about its axis by a motor and a tubular milling member having one end supported in contact with the milling disc with the axis of the tubular milling member being eccentric with respect to the axis of the milling disc and held in place by a support arm. Milling good is supplied to the tubular member by means of a funnel member supported in the tubular member. A variable spring system permits the adjustment of pressure between the tubular member and the disc. The milled material is removed from the milling disc by means of a scraper or by centrifugal force.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of a wholly mechanical pulp of improved strength properties. The lignocellulosic material is fed into a substantially closed chamber where it is mechanically abraded under a power input of fifteen or more horsepower days per ton. During the abrading step, the material is maintained in an inert gaseous atmosphere of a pressure of ten to eighty psig, preferably twenty to forty psig.

Abstract: A matched pair of milling wheels for use in home grain mills includes a stator and a rotor. Each wheel is ideally composite, with a metal casting supporting a peripheral ring of cast stone. When the wheels are mounted in a mill with their peripheral grinding surfaces juxtaposed, their interior sections define a central cavity which functions as a crushing section. The crushing section contains opposed cutting teeth constituting means for primary shearing and grooves spaced between the cutting teeth constituting means for secondary shearing action. The grooves also provide access for grain particles to migrate out toward the grinding interface between the peripheral cast stone rings.

Abstract: A safety handle is provided for manually rotating a motor shaft for a stone grinding mill. One end of the handle is curved to encompass a portion of the shaft periphery. A hook at the end of the curved portion fits into the keyway of the shaft. The handle arm extends radially from the shaft with a hand grip at the end opposite the curved portion. When torque is applied to the handle in the direction of normal motor rotation, the curved portion and hook grip the shaft by rotational leverage and transmit the torque to the shaft. If the motor is inadvertently started with the handle on the shaft, inertia and gravity will cause the handle to disengage and roll off from the shaft to prevent damage and injury. The hand grip is attached to the handle so as to allow only manual rotation of the shaft in the normal motor direction. Alternately, the handle is bent transverse to its longitudinal axis to extend outward from the motor and thus enable rotation only when mounted properly on the shaft.