Abstract: A disperser apparatus includes: a first disperser assembly configured to rotate around an axis; and a second disperser assembly facing the first disperser assembly. The first and second disperser assemblies each have a plurality of disperser-refiner plate segments annularly arranged. Each of the disperser-refiner plate segments includes a substrate having teeth extending from the substrate and arranged in rows disposed at radial intervals defining a dispersion section. Each tooth has a tooth height; and walls; and edges at junctions of adjacent walls. Each of the disperser-refiner plate segments further includes a refining section of refiner bars extending from the substrate, wherein adjacent refiner bars and the substrate define a groove between the adjacent refiner bars; and a plurality transition bars disposed between radially outermost teeth and the refining section.

Abstract: A dual stage grinder pump (10) includes a housing (12) with a liquid inlet (20) and an outlet (26). An impeller (36) includes first impeller vanes (52) on a first axial side, and second impeller vanes (60) on a second axial side. A grinder (40) operates to reduce the size of suspended solids in the liquid that enters the pump inlet. Liquid passes from the inlet to a first fluid passage (30) and is acted upon by first vanes of the impeller in a first stage, and then passes through a second fluid passage (72). Liquid is acted upon by the second vanes of the impeller in a second stage and is passed through a third fluid passage (88) to the outlet.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention relate to surface enhanced pulp fibers, various products incorporating surface enhanced pulp fibers, and methods and systems for producing surface enhanced pulp fibers. Various embodiments of surface enhanced pulp fibers have significantly increased surface areas compared to conventional refined fibers while advantageously minimizing reductions in length following refinement. The surface enhanced pulp fibers can be incorporated into a number of products that might benefit from such properties including, for example, paper products, paperboard products, fiber cement boards, fiber reinforced plastics, fluff pulps, hydrogels, cellulose acetate products, and carboxymethyl cellulose products. In some embodiments, a plurality of surface enhanced pulp fibers have a length weighted average fiber length of at least about 0.

Abstract: A disc mill includes an inlet configured to provide solid material for grinding to the grind plates in a smooth and constant manner. A solid ring is added around an outer circumference of the grind plates to control the grinded solid discharge rate. In some embodiments, the grind plates are configured with constant solid path way open area from row to row. The grind surface and solid pass way open area are maximized by increasing the relative tooth height compared to the tooth width. The teeth can be positioned according to a block channel configurations so as to force the solid material to pass along the grind surface of each row. A grind plate design program is used to enable conjunction of the design parameters with application variation, thereby enabling the optimum grind plate design to meeting various applications needed.

Abstract: A device and method for comminuting ore and/or slag comprises an ore feeding unit for feeding ore to a pulverizer, wherein the pulverizer includes at least two comminuting elements that form at least one comminuting space for the ore such that, by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the comminuting elements, the ore is pulverized. One or more accelerating elements are provided on at least one of the comminuting elements for accelerating and comminuting the ore by the rotation of one of the comminuting elements. An intermediate space is provided between two comminuting elements and/or in at least one of the comminuting elements, through which the pulverized ore, during the rotation, is transported from the center of rotation, and an outlet unit is provided, which is connected to the intermediate space and through which the pulverized ore is discharged.

Abstract: The essence of the invention is that the material grinding device comprises a housing with a unit for feeding the material to be ground and a unit for removing the finished product. An annular grinding chamber and two rotors are accommodated in the housing. The rotors are coaxially arranged and can rotate. Blades for accelerating the material to be ground and feeding sad material into the grinding chamber are mounted on one of the rotors. Blades for supplying air into the grinding chamber are mounted on the other rotor. The device is provided with at least one distributor. Said distributor is designed in the form of blades which are secured on the housing and disposed in the grinding chamber. The vanes of the distributor are equally spaced along a circle, the center of which is situated on the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the rotors.

Abstract: A rotary tumbler metal reclaimer includes an inner cylinder and a concentric outer cylinder that rotate simultaneously. The inner cylinder includes a first compartment that intakes material for breaking by teeth, a second compartment that receives broken material from the first compartment and crushes the material into smaller particles and a third compartment wherein particulate material enters the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by attrition through perforated screens. The second compartment includes a crusher having various features for crushing lump material as it rotates. The third compartment provides further breakage and conveyance of particulate material. Particulate material then returns proximate the intake for screening into fine and coarse sizes and then collecting for reuse. Metallics and metallic oxides exit the tumbler through apertures in the rear of the third compartment for collection. The tumbler reclaims metals, metallic oxides, sands, and other materials for reuse.

Abstract: The current invention is directed to a method and apparatus for defibrillating cellulose fibers achieved through single or multiple passes of raw or pre-processed cellulose fiber slurry with a preferred solid material consistency range of 35% to 55% through twin-screw fiber processing machines. During this processing operation fiber slurries are optionally further enhanced with additional fiber and mineral additives to optimize performance of the material for specific end purposes. The hyper defibrillated fiber slurry produced can be defined as one reaching a Schopper-Riegler (SR) level between 75 SR and 85 SR and/or producing a pressed, dried board with a density of preferably at least 850 kg/m3.

Abstract: A rotary tumbler metal reclaimer includes an inner cylinder and a concentric outer cylinder that rotate simultaneously. The inner cylinder includes a first compartment that intakes material for breaking by teeth, a second compartment that receives broken material from the first compartment and crushes the material into smaller particles, and a third compartment wherein particulate material enters the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by attrition through perforated screens. The second compartment includes a crusher having various features for crushing lump material as it rotates. The third compartment provides further breakage and conveyance of particulate material. Particulate material then returns proximate the intake for screening into fine and coarse sizes and then collecting for reuse. Metallics and metallic oxides exit the tumbler through apertures in the rear of the third compartment for collection.

Abstract: A crushing and mill device includes an outer rotary disk (1) and an inner rotary disk (2) put in said outer rotary disk, wherein, the outer and inner rotary disks communicate the inlet (3) of the feed material, some through holes (20) communicating the outer and inner disk are provided on the sidewall of the inner disk, some carrier plates (4) for carrying the feed material are provided on the places that correspond to the through holes (20) on the disks. The rotations of the outer and inner disks are driven by motors, and the rotations direction of the inner and outer disks are opposite. The sidewall of outer disk has an outlet (10) of the feed material. The feed material enters the inner and outer disks from the inlet, and the feed material is shot off oppositely by the rotations of the outer and inner disk. The feed material passes the through holes of the inner disk and impacts with each other to be broken and milled.

Abstract: A rotary tumbler metal reclaimer includes an inner cylinder and a concentric outer cylinder that rotate simultaneously. The inner cylinder includes a first compartment that intakes material for breaking by teeth, a second compartment that receives broken material from the first compartment and crushes the material into smaller particles, and a third compartment wherein particulate material enters the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by attrition through perforated screens. The second compartment includes a crusher having various features for crushing lump material as it rotates. The third compartment provides further breakage and conveyance of particulate material. Particulate material then returns proximate the intake for screening into fine and coarse sizes and then collecting for reuse. Metallics and metallic oxides exit the tumbler through apertures in the rear of the third compartment for collection.

Abstract: A refiner plate assembly and method includes an annular arrangement of adapter subplates that mount to a refiner disk of a disk refiner using a conventional mounting technique, such as bolted in a standard pattern associated with the particular disk refiner. The adapter subplate arrangement remains mounted to the disk and provides a universal mounting surface for an annular arrangement of individual removable refiner segments. A steam and/or accept evacuation channel is provided in this assembly via filter passages at a radially intermediate location in one or more refiner segments which communicate with a recess or channel in one or more associated adapter subplates that direct the steam and/or accepts through outlet ports in the outer rim of the adapter subplate(s). Refining efficiency is provided in a universal refiner plate assembly by eliminating steam volume and already refined pulp from outer portions of the refining zone.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for fluid with a simple structure, high productivity, ability of precise dispersion, emulsification and grinding, is provided. The apparatus of the present invention comprises at least two processing faces of a first face and a second face, both of which are arranged in a tight-closed passage and positioned opposite to each other to constitute part of said passage, and a contact pressure applying mechanism for putting both faces 1, 2 into closed contact with each other, wherein the rotation of the second processing face 2 in respect of the first processing face 1 may cause dispersion or emulsification of the fluid to be processed between both processing faces 1, 2.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for fluid with a simple structure, high productivity, ability of precise dispersion, emulsification and grinding, is provided. The apparatus of the present invention comprises at least two processing faces of a first face and a second face, both of which are arranged in a tight-closed passage, and positioned opposite to each other to constitute part of said passage, and a contact pressure applying mechanism for putting both faces 1, 2 into closed contact with each other, wherein the rotation of the second processing face 2 in respect of the first processing face 1 may cause dispersion or emulsification of the fluid to be processed between both processing faces 1, 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rotary lump crusher/reclaiming drum for reclaiming lump materials such as aggregates, chemically-bonded sand lumps, dross, ferrous and non-ferrous scrap and slag. The rotary drum has an outer cylinder concentric with an inner cylinder both of which rotate simultaneously, the latter containing treatment compartments to reduce the lumps to smaller pieces which are in turn reduced to reclassifiable particulate matter in preparation for resuage.

Abstract: A pulp refiner has a pair of refiner members with opposed surfaces each including alternating grooves and lands extending between a central port and a peripheral port through which a pulp slurry is passed. The edges of the lands define work edges. Drive means are provided for rotating at least one of the members relative to the other. The grooves and lands defined in at least one member extend from the central to the peripheral port in a spiral pattern having a direction on the member from one port to the other relative to the direction of rotation which will provide a screw pump action to the pulp slurry as it advances from one port to the other. The pitch of the spiral lands forming the work edges on the opposed surfaces of the respective refiner members is such that the intersection of the opposed work edges defines an obtuse angle on the downstream side of the lands relative to the direction of rotation and flow such that pulp fibers suspended in the pulp slurry will be subjected to a pinching action.

Abstract: A bearing assembly (40) is provided for supporting a rotatable and axially displaceable shaft (16) of a disc-type refining apparatus (10). An annular retainer ring (44) is mounted non-rotatably about the outer annular ring (54) of a bearing means (42) and has an outer circumferential surface (45) having a plurality of axially elongated pads (60) mounted thereto extending parallel to the shaft (16) at circumferentially spaced intervals about the outer surface (45) of the retainer ring (44). The bearing housing (46) has an inner circumferential surface (47) spaced from the outer circumferential surface (45) of the retainer ring (44) and has a plurality of axially elongated pads (70) mounted thereto extending parallel to the shaft (16) at circumferentially spaced intervals about the inner surface (47) of the bearing housing (46).

Abstract: Refiner disc segments for use in connection with disc refiners are disclosed. The refiner disc segments include in a radial portion thereof raised bars extending outwardly from the center of the segment with grooves defined between the raised bars, the raised bars having a width B, and the grooves having a width S and a depth D such that the ratio B.multidot.S.multidot.D/S+D is greater than about 2.7 mm and less than about 4.3 mm, and wherein the width B is from about 1 to 4 mm, the width S is from about 2 to 5 mm, and the depth D is from about 1 to 7 mm. Overall refining apparatus including a pair of refining members which includes such refining disc segments are also disclosed as is a method for producing these refining disc segments.

Abstract: Coarse waste such as stumps, lumber from demolition and the like is disintegrated in accordance with a method and device comprising at least two cooperating, essentially parallel screws having threads with disintegrating edges which move in mutually opposite feeding directions so that they tear the waste into pieces.

Abstract: A process for cutting of material includes the continuous loading therefrom into a generally cylindrically or conically shaped vessel, which is rotating around its longitudinal axis, in which is mounted a fast rotating knife shaft, its knives which are provided with one or several cutting edges reach near to the inside wall of the vessel. The material to be cut, loaded into the vessel in axial direction, deposits a layer on the inside wall of the vessel in consequence of the centrifugal force, which is treated by the knives and is displaced in axial direction to the discharging end of the vessel where the cut material is continuously taken away. The equipment includes a material feeding device, a drive for the vessel and the knife shaft, each with different speed, as well as a discharging device for the cut material. The axis of the rotating vessel as well as of the knife shaft can be vertically or horizontally arranged.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for grinding pulp stock in the grinding space of a defibrating apparatus, which space is defined between grinding surfaces carried by a pair of grinding discs, both of which rotate relative to one another within a closed housing, to thereby control the rate of flow of grist through the grinding space. The grinding space includes an inner grinding zone and two outer grinding zones which diverge at an angle to the radial plane of the inner zone. The inner grinding zone is defined between the two facially-opposed rotating discs in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and the outer grinding zones are defined between portions of the two rotating discs which extend at an angle to the radial plane of the inner zone and correspondingly inclined facing surfaces of a stationary element such as a stator ring encasing the two rotating discs.

Abstract: A pulp refining apparatus of the type in which two intermeshing rotary screws are driven synchronously within a housing provided with a material inlet and a material outlet, the treated material passing from the inlet to the outlet while being compressively treated at a high dry-matter concentration between the intermeshing screw threads, has at least one of the screws arranged for pivotal swinging movement in relation to the other in a way permitting selective adjustment of the width of the treating gap between the intermeshing screw threads and selective control of the treating conditions to which the material is exposed.

Abstract: Apparatus for refining lignocellulose-containing material is disclosed, including a refiner housing, a pair of counter-rotating refining discs within the housing, one of the discs including a feed passage for refining stock and the other disc including a steam passage therethrough to permit steam to exit from the refining space between the discs, channel means rotatable with that refining disc which includes the steam passage in order to conduct steam therefrom through the refiner housing, and passage means located outside of the refiner housing for conducting away steam exiting from the channel means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for controlling the effect of centrifugal force on pulp stock while being ground in the grinding space of a defibrating apparatus. The grinding space includes a central portion, a first grinding zone defined between first and second rotatable grinding discs and extending outwards from the central portion, and a second grinding zone extending angularly from the outer end of the first grinding zone and being defined between one of the rotatable grinding discs and a stationary grinding surface. Pulp stock to be ground is introduced into the central portion and accelerated through the first and second grinding zones by centrifugal force generated by the rotating discs. The angular second grinding zone serves to retard centrifugal force acting on the pulp in the second grinding zone to increase the dwell time of the pulp in the grinding space for achieving optimum refining efficiency.

Abstract: A coaxial feeder for connection to the inlet of a disc refiner includes a channel defining means which contains a bladed screw the blade of which has a relatively short axial length and is housed to position coaxially of the discs, to which it feeds material for refining purposes, and in concentric spaced relation to the wall structure which bounds said channel. The material to be refined is introduced to the down side of the screw blade. At the outer periphery of the blade, at the lowermost limit of its travel, is a bar or plate-like control device which is substantially coextensive with the blade and arranged to specifically direct material to the space between the discs of the related refiner with minimal interference or disruption. The control device presents a surface to the material moved on the down side of the screw blade which effectively inhibits bypass of material to the upside of the blade, having regard for the direction of its rotation in use.

Abstract: A disc-type refiner wherein the means incorporating the refining surfaces are positioned in opposed, relatively adjacent, closely spaced relation and one thereof is formed to include at least one passageway through which steam created in the refining of material between the refining surfaces may be simply and quickly vented. A duct means is provided to receive and carry steam from the passageway to the exterior of the refiner housing, to facilitate use or disposal as and where desired. Means are included to control the amount of steam being vented and to maintain the venting arrangement on adjustment of the spacing between the refining surfaces. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the invention features are incorporated in a double revolving disc refiner which, by reason of the improvements of the invention, may be operated under either atmospheric or pressurized conditions. In either case considerable benefit is reflected in the refining procedure and the quality of its end product.

Abstract: Disk defibrator presenting a feed device for supplying the material which one desires to defibrate, such as wood chips, into the throat of the disk defibrator with the aid of a screw conveyor, the steam generated during the defibration process escaping through the feed device in countercurrent to the material flow and further passing to the atmosphere through an exit aperture on the feed device. The feed device includes two feed screws side by side with an intervening space into which the steam freely discharges.

Abstract: An adjusting device for the cutting blades of a cutting tool, especially of an annular cutting tool according to which the cutting blades have associated therewith at least one abutment which is adjustable for adaptation to the extent of the wear of wear plates or corresponding machine parts of the cutting tool. The device furthermore includes a setting device for adjusting the cutting blades so as to occupy their abutting positions.

Abstract: An infeed disc for a disc refiner has infeed passages which are circularly spaced by portions thereof which define spokes. The spokes and the passages have special characteristics. The center line of each passage is skewed with reference to the axial center line of the disc, in both an axial and a circular sense, and thereby curved, causing the passage to be essentially curved to provide a circular offset of the openings from the respective ends of each passage. The disc is further characterized by a non-radial skewed orientation of its spokes, the center line of each spoke being angularly inclined to a plane which is radial to and includes the central axis of the disc. The centers of the respective axially spaced infeed and operating surface portions of the spokes are offset one from the other, in a circular sense.

Abstract: A counter-rotating disk type pulping apparatus is modified to yield paper products of improved properties. Each of the two facing counter-rotating disks is modified so as to comprise a plurality of concentric rotatable rings which are driven at increasing rotational velocities from the innermost ring outward.

Abstract: The invention provides an infeed structure for a disc type refiner including a body having two passages which at their one ends commonly open from a portion of the body which is adapted to bridge an inlet opening to the interior of a disc type refiner. One of the passages is a material infeed passage and the other a steam vent passage. Incorporated in the portion of the body adapted to bridge the inlet opening to a disc refiner are means, preferably integrated, which in the application of the infeed structure serve to distinctly separate the discharge end of the material infeed passage from the inlet end of the steam vent passage.

Abstract: Apparatus for refining fibrous materials is disclosed, including first and second refining discs defining a refining space therebetween, a passageway for feeding fibrous material to said refining space from the outer surface of one of said refining discs, a funnel for feeding fibrous material to the outer surface of that refining disc at a first rate, and including an element mounted on the shaft on which said refining discs rotate for injecting the fibrous material into the passage at an increased velocity as compared to that rate. Preferably the element mounted on the shaft comprises a sleeve and includes an annular disc mounted on the sleeve and a plurality of radially projecting members affixed to the face of the annular disc facing the passage through the refining disc.

Abstract: In the continuous production of paper pulp from ligno-cellulose raw material, the raw material is subjected to grinding and/or delignification by passing it in the form of small pieces between interpenetrating helicoidal surfaces driven synchronously in rotation inside a casing. The pitch of the helicoidal surfaces is arranged to provide at least one supply zone in which the material is driven downstream by rotation of the surfaces and at least one braking zone in which the material is braked.

Abstract: Apparatus for refining fibrous material which includes two oppositely rotating refining discs each supported on a shaft, which shafts are rotatably mounted on a base. Bearing means are provided for the shafts which are adapted to receive the axial forces applied to the shafts during the refining operation. The bearing means includes at least two axial bearings on each shaft and a piston and cylinder arrangement on each shaft connected to the base for transferring the axial forces from the axial bearings to the base.