Abstract: An air separator is provided with a rotor positioned above three concentric vessels. The rotor and a plurality of entry ports segregate comminuted material into the three vessels. An exit port from each vessel directs the separated comminuted material for further comminution processes, such as to a ball mill or a roll press, or for use as a final product.

Abstract: Raw material such as food waste is scanned by a metal detector (11) and objects or containments removed, the food waste is then ground or macerated by a disintegrator (13), and passed to a live steam kettle (14), then passed to an in-line heater (15) wherein it is raised to and maintained at 80% for 20 minutes. The product is pumped to a three-phase decanter centrifuge (16) where it is separated into solids, water waste and tallow (oily product). The latter is pumped to storage tank (20), using a centrifugal pump (21), while water waste is discharged to effluent while solids are discharged to a container (18).

Abstract: The invention provides for methods, systems, and devices for processing rubber materials including rubber from tires, tubes, shoe soles, or any other rubber containing product. Characteristics of the rubber materials, such as chemical composition and/or product manufacturer, model, and manufacture date, can be identified. Identification can be performed by personnel, can be automated, or can be a combination thereof. The characteristics of the rubber material can be used to sort the rubber product. Rubber materials suitable for a particular end product can be selected for further processing, which can include size reduction, material separation, chemical and physical processes, devulcanization, or a combination thereof. Processed rubber materials can be stored or delivered to a user or manufacturing site with product specifications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a media mixing mill, which is capable of obtaining a high-quality product while ensuring adequate pulverization/dispersion functions. The media mixing mill of the present invention comprises a grinding container having a material inlet and a spherical-shaped grinding chamber, an agitating member rotatably installed inside the grinding chamber and in adjacent relation to an inner wall of the grinding container, grinding media contained in the grinding chamber, and a centrifugal-type media-separating member rotatably disposed inside the grinding chamber and in opposed relation to the agitating member.

Abstract: A stream of scrap metal strip is continuously compressed in an apparatus comprising a pair of compression rolls and a traveling shear disposed, in that sequence, along a processing path having a substantial vertical component. The process is performed continuously, and there is no need for the process to be interrupted in order to remove strip parts overhanging the entrance to the compression apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method for reducing the size of a hygroscopic material while simultaneously drying the material at a relatively low temperature to a predetermined value during the reduction process. The present invention utilizes a preconditioning make-up air system to significantly dehumidify the make-up air to values in the range of 0.02 grains per pound of dry air while limiting the temperature of the make-up air exiting the preconditioning make-up air system to below a predetermined critical value. While not limited in its application to any one particular hygroscopic material, the present invention is particularly adapted to uses where the product is a temperature-sensitive, water adsorbing material such as sodium sesquicarbonate or trona ore.

Abstract: A cementitious composition capable of forming high early strength cement when admixed with water may comprise, for each 100% by weight, no more than about 60% by weight C3S, at least about 4% by weight C2S, and between about 7% and about 11% by weight SO3, wherein the cementitious composition has a particle size distribution such that substantially all of its particles are of a size of about 10 microns or smaller. A cementitious composition may have a ratio of weight % SO3 to weight % Al2O3 of at least about 1.5 and a particle size distribution such that substantially all of its particles are of a size of about 10 microns or smaller. An apparatus and method for making such a cementitious composition are also described.

Abstract: A method of producing a range of diatomaceous earth blended filter aids having selectable permeabilities and less than about 1 percent by weight total of crystalline silica and less than about 0.1% by weight total of respirable crystalline silica. The method includes milling diatomaceous earth ore to a size range of between about 100 micrometers and about 1400 micrometers; calcining the milled diatomaceous earth in a calciner; milling the calcined diatomaceous earth in an adjustable milling and classification system to produce diatomaceous earth filter aids, and blending the diatomaceous earth with expanded perlite to form a low bulk density and low solubility filter aid.

Abstract: A pulverization/classification apparatus including a cylindrical vessel having an inner wall, on a surface of which a layer including a release agent is located; a pulverizer configured to pulverize a material such as toner raw materials in the cylindrical vessel using a compressed air to prepare a particulate material; and a classifier configured to classify the particulate toner material to prepare a powder of the material. Alternatively, the inner wall of the cylindrical vessel has a circumferentially projected portion. A method for manufacturing a powder such as toners using the pulverization/classification apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a screening device consisting of an elongated comb comprising several flexible combs arranged in parallel. The invention is characterised in that the combs are provided with angular or rounded sections, which form a grid that defines the particle size of the screened material. The invention also relates to a roller crusher comprising a screening device of the aforementioned type.

Abstract: A transportable process for the oxidation of deconstruction and demolition debris contaminated with lead-based paint that includes sizing and heating waste for a predetermined period of time and at a temperature in the range of 500° to 1,200° C. The process results in concentration of the lead in a small volume of product possessing physical and chemical properties that promotes recycling of the lead rather than disposal of the lead in landfills.

Abstract: A clean dry glass powder useful as a substitute for Portland cement in concrete, in paints, and for other known uses for glass powder produced conventionally can be produced from unsorted post-consumer waste glass, including a substantial fraction of non-glass items, by employing glass pulverizing equipment to reduce waste glass to small fragments, allowing removal of trash, employing a multistep washing process to clean the glass fragments, in the preferred embodiment using aggregate cleaning equipment, drying the fragments, preferably using fluidized bed techniques, and grinding the glass to a desired particle size, preferably using a ball mill, in combination with an air classification step to produce a glass powder of uniform particle size.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a medium agitation mill which is responsive to the standstill of the mill for preventing the pulverizing medium from invading the inside space of the longitudinal hollow space of the drive shaft of the impeller. In the medium agitation mill the medium separating impeller is arranged in the inside space of the agitating member, and the impeller has a plurality of vanes circumferentially arranged at intervals, and is driven by the hollow drive shaft, one end of which opens to the inside of the impeller to provide the raw material discharging port. The discharging port is provided with an on-off valve of a resilient material to open and close the discharging port.

Abstract: An agglutinant compound and agglutinated product for reconstituting powders of vegetal origin, that allow employing a lamination or similar process, being said agglutinated product comprised of agglutinant compound and a vegetal mass formed by the powder of vegetal origin, that may range from 5-50% (mass/mass, regarding the powder mass used), with drying temperature ranging between 100-400° C., thickness between 0.05-2.50 mm and vegetal film humidity between 8 and 20%; being said agglutinant compound formed only by a mixture of polymers of hydroxylated organic acids, such as lactic acid and malic acid, and it may contain agents improving its agglutinant and sensorial properties.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A method of processing a useable particulated nepheline syenite including providing particulate nepheline syenite with a maximum first grain size; milling the nepheline syenite in a ball mill operated substantially dry to produce a dry feed stock with particles less than a given size; and, using an air classifier to remove particles having a second grain size from the feed stock to provide an Einlehner Abrasive Value of less than about 100. In practice the second grain size is less than 5 microns and the distribution profile is generally 4-5 microns. The product produced by the method is, thus, novel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fining powders and an apparatus employing the same. By fast rotating the collision plates in a chamber, the powders can be continuously pulverized at high velocity. The chamber is maintained in a stable low pressure, so that gas flows are generated by planes of the rotating collision plates and the powders can be sorted. The present invention can perform functions of both pulverizing powders of D50<20 ?m to D50<2.0 ?m and sorting them with advantages of dry, low temperature, saving-energy, less consumed-material and high efficiency. The present invention is particularly suitable for oxides unable to be fined by high-temperature pyrolysis, powders having problems of changing properties at high temperature or aggregation. The present invention also provides a low-cost technology for certain powders such as cement.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device comprising a rotary shaft (2) supported above a layer (C) of material, transversely to the translation direction (A) of the material, and means for turning (3) the material extending at least partly radially relative to the shaft (2) and rotated by said shaft to penetrate into the layer. The device comprises means for cutting (4) the layer (C) of material, radially spaced apart (g) from the rotary shaft (2) and rotated by said shaft, said cutting means (4) being located substantially on a cylindrical surface sharing a common geometrical axis with the rotary shaft, and capable, upon penetration into the layer, of fragmenting the latter, while the turning means causes the fragmented material to be granulated.

Abstract: Efficient process control of a rotary breaker is dependent upon the rate at which aggregate material is delivered to the rotary breaker. An improved pre-screening apparatus provides enhanced control of the amount of undersized material allowed to bypass the rotary breaker, thus allows some control of feed rate other than the upstream mining conditions. Further, a variable speed drive mechanism allows for enhanced control of the breaking process occurring within the rotary breaker. These improvements allow for the increase in maximum feed rate to an existing rotary breaker or allows for the installation of smaller and more economical original equipment. In addition, an improved discharge mechanism is provided to increase the discharge rates of a breaker without varying size or speed of rotation. These improvements allow for advanced automated process control.

Abstract: A fiber suspension is produced from waste paper by first filling a pulper with a batch of the waste paper. The pulper is operated to partly defibrate the batch of waste paper substantially without disintegrating coarse imputities into finer impurities. The partly defibrated batch of waste paper is separated into a coarse reject fraction and an initial fiber suspension containing some waste paper fragments and fine impurities. The initial fiber suspension is pumped through a rotary screen apparatus provided with a tubulat fine screen and a pulper type impeller rotating coaxial with the tubular screen, but devoid of any impeller co-operant extraction plate, to defibrate waste paper fragments remaining in the initial fiber suspension and to separate the initial fiber suspension by means of the tubular fine screen into a fine reject fraction containing fine inpurities and a complete fiber suspension substantially free from impurities.

Abstract: An apparatus and method recycles the abrasive fluid or slurry effluent used in the polishing step in the manufacture of semiconductors. Agglomerations of abrasive grains built up in the slurry effluent are crushed using a mill, ultrasonic oscillation, or pressurized circulation. The slurry effluent is then regenerated and reused.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating the organic membrane portion of waste egg shells from the hard inorganic mineral portion thereof, so that each can be used or further processed as desired, thereby addressing the environmental and economic issues associated with disposing of waste egg shells. The membrane and shell are separated by first processing waste eggshells so as to yield small waste eggshell particles. During this processing, the waste eggshell particles are at least slightly abraded, whereby the linking structure between the membrane and shell is at least partially disrupted. Thereafter, the waste eggshell particles are conveyed to a device, which isolates the two components based on their size and weight differences. The methods listed above can provide products from the eggshell waste including precipitated calcium carbonate, membrane, protein, amino acids, collagen and other important components.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an equipment for combining in one single apparatus, the functions for filtering, decontaminating, and thickening paper pulp from used paper, while providing the complementary function of clarifying the filtrates. The apparatus (1) rotates at high speed. The paper pulp is introduced through the center of the apparatus (2) and driven at its angular speed. The pulp is then brought along a grate (6) with small size holes for separating the fibers from the greater part of the water. The thickened pulp is evacuated through extraction nozzles (8). The water is clarified in the clarification zone (12) and recycled or eliminated depending on uses. More complete embodiments of the apparatus include the functions of fractionating, de-inking and purifying the pulp with slots or holes.

Abstract: A system for recycling reusable resin mold products recovered from discarded apparatuses is disclosed. This recycling system includes a crushing system for crushing resin mold products one kind by one kind into crushed resinous pieces and packing the same in a bag, a classification system for irradiating a light beam to the resin in the bag and classifying the bags into respective kinds of resins based on a reflected beam therefrom, a cleaning system for separately cleaning the respective kind of crushed resinous pieces taken out of the bag to remove foreign matters adhered onto the surfaces of the crushed resinous pieces therefrom, and a recovery system for recovering the cleaned crushed resinous pieces.

Abstract: A fiber suspension is produced from waste paper by first filling a pulper with a batch of the waste paper. The pulper is operated to partly defibrate the batch of waste paper substantially without disintegrating coarse imputities into finer impurities. The partly defibrated batch of waste paper is separated into a coarse reject fraction and an initial fiber suspension containing some waste paper fragments and fine impurities. The initial fiber suspension is pumped through a rotary screen apparatus provided with a tubulat fine screen and a pulper type impeller rotating coaxial with the tubular screen, but devoid of any impeller co-operant extraction plate, to defibrate waste paper fragments remaining in the initial fiber suspension and to separate the initial fiber suspension by means of the tubular fine screen into a fine reject fraction containing fine inpurities and a complete fiber suspension substantially free from impurities.

Abstract: A system for recycling reusable resin mold products recovered from discarded apparatuses is disclosed. This recycling system includes a crushing system for crushing resin mold products one kind by one kind into crushed resinous pieces and packing the same in a bag, a classification system for irradiating a light beam to the resin in the bag and classifying the bags into respective kinds of resins based on a reflected beam therefrom, a cleaning system for separately cleaning the respective kind of crushed resinous pieces taken out of the bag to remove foreign matters adhered onto the surfaces of the crushed resinous pieces therefrom, and a recovery system for recovering the cleaned crushed resinous pieces.

Abstract: A carrier for an image developer for electrophotography, including core particles, and a coating layer covering each of the core particles, wherein the core particles have a weight average particle diameter of Dv which is 25-45 &mgr;m and a number average particle diameter of Dp which meets with the following condition: 1≦Dv/Dp≦1.3, wherein the core particles have such a particle size distribution that particles having a particle diameter of less than 44 &mgr;m is at least 70% by weight and particles having a particle diameter of less than 22 &mgr;m is not more than 7% by weight.

Abstract: A treating system for selecting and recovering reusable materials from used composite plastics is constituted by a crushing process, a cleaning and grading process and a plastics separation process. The treating system for the composite plastics is constituted by combining the cleaning and grading process in which a mechanical impact force and a friction force are applied to the plastic crushed pieces so as to clean the plastics and form the gain size of the plastics, and the plastics separation process with using a hydrocyclone. Accordingly, a selecting accuracy of the selected and recovered plastics is significantly improved and the plastics are separated to high-purity plastics, whereby it is possible to utilize the recovered plastics as recycled materials.

Abstract: A method for providing an alternative periodic cover material for landfills by separating materials in a salvage operation. A non-sorted material stream including metallic and non-metallic components, which preferably includes automobile scrap, is fed to a shredder. After shredding, the non-sorted material stream is separated. The non-sorted material stream is first separated into two streams, namely, a heavy material stream and a light material stream. The heavy material stream is conveyed to a magnetic separator where ferrous metals are separated from non-ferrous materials. The light material stream is passed under a cross belt magnetic separator where the light ferrous metals are separated. The remaining light material stream is conveyed to a rotary trommel which separates the light material stream into two fractions based on size, with the fine material becoming relatively inert through processing and being used as a cover material for landfills.

Abstract: In the production of cement clinker or cement with the addition of a cement additive (40), such as for example slag, which is ground in a closed-circuit grinding installation into slag meal (32) of equal fineness to cement, in order to utilize excess slag capacity in a beneficial way in the cement clinker production process, an intermediate slag fraction (33, 34) withdrawn from a three-fraction classifying device (31) is added as a raw material component to the stock inlet of the rotary kiln (20) of the cement clinker production line, and at the same time the chemical composition of the remaining raw material components (10) is adapted to the added quantity (34) of the intermediate slag fraction.

Abstract: A method for recovering a fuel substance by separating materials in a salvage operation based on BTU content is provided. A non-sorted material stream including metallic and non-metallic components, which preferably includes automobile scrap, is fed to a shredder which shreds or fragments the materials. After shredding, the non-sorted material stream is separated by a series of separators. The non-sorted material stream is first conveyed to a gravity separator where the materials are separated into two streams, namely, a heavy material stream and a light material stream. The heavy material stream is then conveyed to a magnetic separator where ferrous metals are separated from a number of non-ferrous materials. The heavy ferrous metals are collected for recycling whereas the heavy non-ferrous materials are conveyed to a screen and further separated into non-ferrous metal and non-metallic material.

Abstract: A system suitable for counting strings of arcade type tickets comprising a transport mechanism, a sensing system for reading bar coded information and counting marks, a computer program and computer to tally, sort and compile management reports, and a video monitor to display the counting results, or additionally, display entertainment items or advertising to the customer while using the counter. The transport mechanism is especially designed to handle the new “paper” style tickets and is capable of handling tickets of varying sizes.

Abstract: There is disclosed apparatus and method for recycling waste paint, for completely removing a bad smell generated in the course of drying up the waste paint and extracting a bad smell from a filler. The method for recycling waste paint comprises the steps of: shaping the waste paint into a cake of a predetermine thickness while removing water from the waste paint using centrifugal force of a dehydrator; drying up and dehydrating the cake-shaped waste paint at about 80° C.˜300° C. using a twin screw extruding method to remove water; drying up the waste paint dried up at the above step at about 100° C.˜300° C. using a vacuum dry method to remove remaining water; pulverizing the waste paint dried up by the vacuum dry method into minute powder; separating the pulverized waste paint based upon density; and collecting and discharging dust, vapor, and gas generated during the above steps.

Abstract: A method of padding a trench includes the steps of automatically gathering at least a portion of excavated material from the berm of a trench, auomatically pulverizing at least part of the gathered material to form a pulverized material, and automatically conveying the pulverized material to the trench. The gathered material can be separated into at least two grades of material, only one of the grades of material being pulverized to form the pulverized material, another of the grades of material being returned to the berm. The pulverized material can be collected for use as a sandblasting sand.

Abstract: A device for use in a pulping process comprises first and second pulping units for processing feed material. A flow path connects the first pulping unit to the second pulping unit for transporting material between the units. The second pulping unit has devices for separating pulped material into a first material component comprising waste matter collected at the bottom of the second pulping unit, a second material component comprising sieved pulped material and third material component comprising unsieved pulped material. The second and third material component are separated from the first material component and are transported as a unitary flow to a primary space. Mixing and sieving devices are located in the primary space for separating the second material component from the first material component. The second material component comprises material which passes the sieving device and the third material component comprises material which does not pass the sieving device.

Abstract: A cereal powder production plant includes a device for washing and measuring cereal material, a device for roasting the cereal material passed through the washing and measuring device, and a device for separating and screening carbonized substance generated during the roasting process in the roasting device from the roasted cereal. The roasting device is connected to the separating and screening device by a device for feeding the roasted cereal material. A crushing device crushes the cereal material separated and screened by the separating and screening device, and the separating and screening device is connected to the crushing device by a device for feeding the roasted material from which the carbonized substance is removed.

Abstract: A vermiculite composition capable of exhibiting a high degree of volume increase upon subjection to thermal exfoliation composed of vermiculite mineralogical species having specific gravity of from 2.5 g/cm.sup.3 to 2.9 g/cm.sup.3. Further, intumescent sheets formed with said vermiculite composition exhibit low initial expansion temperature and very high maximum expansion properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for purification and color sortation of waste glass, a glass beneficiation process and apparatus. The invention crushes the glass into pieces less than 3 inches in size, delables the glass, and then sorts the glass according to the light transmissive properties of the glass utilizing an array of lamps electrically connected to a control module.

Abstract: Improved mechanical processing machines and methods for separating animal, fruit or vegetable meat from bone, cartilage, sinew, skin, stems, seeds and other hard or tough tissue. The equipment and method involved pulling, cutting pressing, wedging and forcing unground raw material into a wedge shaped pocket and separating it mechanically into edible meat forced between closely spaced helical cutting elements where it is collected, and into waste material on the outside of the helical cutting elements which eject it.

Abstract: A reverse vending machine for comminuting plastic containers includes devices for identifying different sizes of container and bar codes at various locations on the container without manipulating the container. A container is dropped from a pivotable cradle end first and is physically engaged on diametrically opposite sides substantially simultaneously and forced into a mechanism for cutting the container into strips and then for cutting the strips into small pieces. The presence of the container, and the state and operation of the shredding apparatus, customer door, coin supply, and storage bins are continually monitored with appropriate action taken during operation.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for sorting radioactive waste. The apparatus comprises structure for reducing the waste to pieces of substantially uniform size and first and second radiation detecting structure. Structure is provided for conveying the pieces from the reducing structure to the first and second radiation detecting structure. Structure is provided for dispersing the pieces of waste between the first and second detecting structure so that the pieces which are collected together in clusters can separate from each other to thereby increase the likelihood of detecting radiation emanating from the pieces.

Abstract: Metal scrap cuttings are prepared for use in making sintered pieces. The cuttings are physically and chemically cleaned, ground in an inert atmosphere, heat treated in a reducing atmosphere, and sorted according to particle size in an inert atmosphere. Movement of the cuttings into the various treatments is performed by vibratory conveyors located in enclosures sealed from the atmosphere.

Abstract: A system for disposing of sewage sludge by treating the sludge in apparatus which processes the sludge through relatively inert gas drying and grinding stages and utilized as much of the dried and ground sludge as is needed to produce heat for maintaining the drying process in the system once the system has become substantially self sufficient on use of the sludge as the drying heat source. The remaining excess sludge is then in a form either granular or fine suitable for direct sale.

Abstract: Coal grinding apparatus for direct coal fired burner systems in which coal usage is regulated by a speed controlled roller grinding mill operated in conjunction with a speed controlled spinner separator to control the size and volume of the coal output to match the requirements of the burner, and means to transport and control the transport of the properly sized coal to the burner by either a negative or positive acting fan.

Abstract: A whole tree chipper composed of a housing encasing a rotor formed by a pair of substantially identical axially aligned frustro-conical hollow discs having their minimum diameter ends connected together and provided with at least one knife on each disc is disclosed. A slot extends through each disc adjacent each knife, for directing chips cut by the knife through the disc into a chip chamber located at the adjacent axial end of the housing. The rotor is rotated about the said axially aligned axes of the pair of discs and wood in the form of whole tree sections, is advanced longitudinally through an inlet spout which extends through the peripheral wall of the housing toward the conical faces of the discs forming the rotor. A debris chamber extends circumferentially of the rotor in said housing between the inlet spout and a debris outlet.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a chipper wherein the housing is divided by a chipper disc into a front chamber and a chip chamber and wherein separate outlets are provided from the front chamber and from the chip chamber respectively for twigs and the like (debris) and for chips whereby separation of debris from the chips is obtained in the chipper.

Abstract: A press for putting under pressure therein animal meat with bones in order to bring the meat into a paste-like condition and thus to have it flow out of the space within the press, comprises a slide valve adapted to open and close a large opening in the front face of the space within the press in order to allow, after opening thereof, discharge of the bones remaining in said space after pressing by moving the movable pressing body further in the pressing direction with respect to the press cylinder, a number of fine openings for allowing passage of meat in a paste-like condition so located as to open into a surface perpendicular to the direction of movement of the pressing body, said openings give communication to a discharge of such meat paste from the space within the press, said openings being movable in such a way that their entries bordering the space within the press will slide along another metal part of the structure when the slide valve is moved.

Abstract: Flour is made from whole cereal grains, such as, corn, wheat, rye, and barley by heating the whole grain kernels to between about 170.degree. F. and 210.degree. F. while maintaining the moisture content of the whole kernels between about 8% and about 16% by weight. The whole kernels are squeezed into flakes while maintaining their temperature above about 170.degree. F., and the flakes are ground to form whole grain flour. The product has a surprisingly long shelf life, even though it contains all of the oil originally in the grain.

Abstract: A high production machine for the continuous mechanical separation of comminuted meat from a coarse agglomeration of soft and hard tissues derived from crushing or grinding a meat animal carcass, poultry, fish, shellfish, whole fruit or vegetables, or parts of any of the foregoing. The machine is adapted to accept raw material as fast as it is received from the grinding or crushing apparatus. The machine also includes means for injecting a cooling medium into its interior during operation, thereby reducing the temperature of the comminuted meat product to a predetermined value.

Abstract: Apparatus for cooling thermoplastic strands issuing from an extrusion die, the apparatus including a cooling trough between the extrusion nozzle and the granulator. The trough has two coolant drainage regions, a first being connected to a gravity drain and a second having means applying air downward through apertures in the trough. A conical separator for granulate is provided following the granulator.

Abstract: A halogen-containing polyester resin composition having an improved stable flexibility and flame retardency which comprises a bislactam compound and a flame-resisting aromatic polyester copolymers containing halogen at a ratio of 0.5 to 30% by weight, said copolymers being by the poly-condensation of(A) aromatic dicarboxylic acids or ester-forming derivatives thereof;(B) aliphatic glycols or ester-forming derivatives thereof; and(C) halogen-containing ester-forming compounds, said bislactam compound being present in a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total quantity of the composite.