Abstract: The product is presented in the form of a solution and is composed of carbonated magnesium di-n-propylate, n-propanol, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) diluent selected from 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC 134a) and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC 227). The product may be obtained by a procedure which comprises preparing a solution of carbonated magnesium di-n-propylate in n-propanol and diluting said solution by addition of the HFC diluent. The product is suitable for de-acidifying cellulose-type material and preserving objects based on cellulose-type material.

Abstract: A method of protecting a civil infrastructure substrate from the damaging effects of pollution, noxious fumes, weather, and the like. The method comprises (a) providing a composition comprising carbon dioxide and a fluorocarbon such as a fluoropolyether (preferably a perfluoropolyether) or a fluorocarbon elastomer, optionally having at least one anchoring group such as an amide covalently joined thereto, and then (b) applying that composition to the civil infrastructure substrate to form a protective coating thereon. The applying step is preferably carried out by spraying. Compositions useful for carrying out the process of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: In general, this invention relates to supplemental coolant additive for use in cooling systems, for example, in diesel engine cooling systems. The supplemental coolant additive includes a C4-C6 dicarboxylic acid, preferably adipic acid, and optionally a C9-C12 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid an aromatic monocarboxylic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and salts of these acids. The supplemental coolant additive also can include a variety of other additives including molybdate salts, nitrate salts, nitrite salts, silicate salts and buffering agents. The supplemental coolant additive is preferably provided as a solid additive or a liquid concentrate. The supplemental coolant additive is preferably added to the liquid coolant over time to provide increased coolant life. Further the supplemental coolant additive provides enhanced anti-corrosion protection in cooling systems that include hard water.

Abstract: A transport/preservation system has been found which provides safe, effective transport for patient specimens and bodily fluids, and functions as a preservative for biological reagents, therapeutics and personal care products. The transport/preservative formulations can also be used as safe, effective sanitizers on surfaces, equipment, and appliances. The transport preservation formulations comprising a biguanide and one or more other antimicrobial agents are cidal to microorganisms when present in a sample or on a surface to be sanitized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preservation of a liquid biological sample. The biological sample is exposed to a preservative containing at least about 0.15 g of sodium benzoate and at least about 0.025 g of citric acid per 100 ml of sample. The biological sample may be collected in a vessel or an absorbent mass. The biological sample may also be exposed to a substrate and/or a vehicle.

Abstract: Modern techniques for manufacturing paper using mechanical wood pulp has lead to a persistent over-acidification of printed manner, and threatens to permanently destroy the same. This over-acidification can be neutralized by using an alkaline active substance whose main component is a salt having a relatively low water affinity. An alkaline deposit can be deposited on the paper by also using said alkaline active substance. A device suited for deacidification using this active substance comprises a case (10) which can be closed. Printed matter which can be fanned out in a stand (1) is treated in said case. The printed matter is treated by introducing the powdered active substance via a screw conveyor (32) into an air stream circulated by a fan (19a), whereby the printed matter is leafed through in order to expose it to the active substance.

Abstract: An indicating desiccant comprises a silica-based material having impregnated thereon a source of copper and a source of bromide, the source of copper being present in an amount up to 0.5 per cent by weight, calculated as Cu with respect to weight of the silica-based material, and the source of bromide being present in an amount such that the weight ration of Br to Cu is at least 5:1. Optionally, the indicating desiccant also comprises a dye or other coloured material.

Abstract: Preservative composition for lignocellulosic-based composites providing rapid and long-lasting protection against insect and fungal attack, in both low and high moisture environments, through the use of a combination of higher solubility and lower solubility borates. Pesticidal amounts of a lower solubility borate and a higher solubility borate are combined before or during their incorporation into a lignocellulosic-based composite. Useful low solubility borates includes copper borate, zinc borate and barium metaborate. Useful high solubility borates includes boric acid, boric oxide, ammonium borate and alkali metal borates such as sodium borate. Some alkaline earth metal borates, including calcium borates, are of intermediate solubility and may be used effectively as either a low soluble or high soluble borate depending on the combination used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a wood preserving composition which comprises mixtures of a metal compound, complexing agents selected from ethanolamines, polyethylenimine, ammonia or a mixture of these compounds, and a vinyl based polymer selected from poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA), poly(acrylamide)(PA), poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)(PVP) and poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)(PNIPAM). The resulting metal amine solution can then be used to formulate a variety of metal-based cellulosic material preserving products.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to phenyl ether substituted triazines compounds and compositions containing same and their use to protect against degradation by environmental forces. A method for stabilizing a material by incorporating such triazines is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that amine oxides are highly effective as wood preservatives. The present invention provides a wood preservative composition comprising a biocidally effective amount of one or more amine oxides. Preferably, the wood preservative composition is substantially free of halogenated compounds (such as halides and chlorinated compounds) and quaternary ammonium compounds. The wood preservative composition of the present invention exhibits low toxicity, high stability in water, low corrosivity to metal substrates (such as steel substrates), excellent penetration and uniform distribution into wood, low odor, waterproofing properties, and high leaching resistance. The wood preservative composition may be applied to the surface of a wood substrate or be applied by pressure treating the wood substrate with the wood preservative composition. Other cellulosic and fiber materials, such as cotton, burlap, and like materials, may be preserved with the composition of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a corrosion protection system and a method of protecting an article from corrosion by placing the article to be protected in a gas impermeable enclosure comprising at least one shell that is adapted to maintain an internal pressure greater than an external pressure outside of the corrosion protection system, placing at least one corrosion preventing device selected from a desiccant, a corrosion inhibitor, an inert gas, or a combination thereof, and sealing the gas impermeable enclosure of the corrosion protection system.

Abstract: Indolecarboxylic acid compounds and derivatives thereof are useful for treating seboarhea and the dermatitides associated therewith, especially acne and/or blackheads and/or comedones.

Abstract: Use as preservative in formulations for topical use containing water of a component A): a (per)fluoropolyether phosphate of general formula: Rf—[CF2CH2—Q—L—P(O) (OZ1) (OZ2)]l  (I) wherein l=1 or 2; L is a bivalent linking group; Z1 equal to or different from Z2 selected from H, alkaline or ammonium cation, di- or tri-alkanolammonium cation, di- or tri- or tetra-alkylammonium cation; Rf is a (per)fluoropolyether chain having number average molecular weight in the range from about 400 to about 1,800.

Abstract: Indolecarboxylic acid compounds and derivatives thereof, notably 4,6-dimethoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, are especially useful for inducing/stimulating mammalian hair growth and/or preventing/retarding mammalian hair loss.

Abstract: Acids having a pKa of less than about 4 may be used to stabilize certain perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketones, particularly a substantially pure perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone, a substantially pure aqueous solution of a perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone or a substantially pure hydrate of a perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fixative composition, the use of the fixative composition in preparing cytological or histological specimens, and a method of preparing particulate matter, such as cytology, hematology and microbiology specimens, for examination by collecting the particulate matter in a uniform layer, preferably a monolayer, and fixing the particles in a composition according to the present invention. The cytological, hematological, microbiological and histological fixative composition of the present invention contains an aldehyde crosslinker, a polyol and a detergent. The method of the present invention for preserving the particulate or histological specimen uses the fixative composition containing an aldehyde crosslinker, a polyol and a detergent.

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed wherein the composition comprises an N-aromatic substituted acid amide compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (I) wherein A and B are independently selected alkylene groups; R1 is selected form the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl alkylether, or ester; R2 is hydrogen if R1 is hydrogen; R2 is an alkyl primary amine if R1 is alkyl, alkylether, or ester, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; R5 is a sterically hindered phenolic group of formula (II) or formula (III) wherein X is CH2, S, NH, or O; and m, n, and p are independently selected integers equal to 0 or 1. These compositions may be used as such or they may be bound to a polymer backbone via a linking moiety. In either case, they are useful as antioxidants, particularly in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a wood preservative composition and a method of using the same. The wood preservative composition has an effective amount of a fungicidal and bactericidal metal compound, a triazole compound, and at least a first and/or a second quaternary ammonium compound. Alternatively, the wood preservative composition contains at least one additional agent, depending on the formulation. In one embodiment, the composition contains a mold inhibitor that is emulsified with the metal from the fungicidal and bactericidal metal compound in solution. In another embodiment, there is an effective amount of a boron compound. And in another embodiment, a combination of the boron compound and at least one amine compound.

Abstract: Applicants have discovered that amine oxides enhance the uniform distribution and penetration of wood preservatives into wood substrates, minimize leaching of the wood preservatives, and improve the weatherability of the wood substrate. The present invention provides a method for enhancing the uniform distribution and penetration of at least one wood preservative into a wood substrate by applying a preservative composition to the wood substrate. The preservative composition comprises a wood distribution and penetration enhancing agent, which includes an amine oxide, and the wood preservatives. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for enhancing the uniform distribution and penetration of one or more wood preservatives by applying the wood preservatives to the wood substrate and then applying the aforementioned wood distribution and penetration enhancing agent to the wood substrate.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the efficacy of a polymeric wax inhibitor for an oil which comprises applying said inhibitor in an aliphatic glycol ether solvent.

Abstract: An effective broad spectrum system useful in an extended range of physical factors and/or composition elements in a cosmetic or personal care product for preservation is described by the present invention. The broad spectrum, water soluble preservative system of the present invention includes an acid or acid derivative, chlorphenesin and a solvent mixed with phenoxyethanol.

Abstract: Cathodic protection of a target polynucleotide molecule against oxidative damage is conferred by providing the target polynucleotide molecule with a protective, reducing agent positioned proximal to the nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising (a) film formers and (b) microencapsulated biocides that are free of heavy metals and to methods for making such compositions. This invention further relates to antifouling compositions and antifouling coatings.

Abstract: A method and a composition used therein are disclosed for inhibiting formation of hydrocarbon hydrates. The composition comprises an onium compound, an amine salt and, optionally, a solvent.

Abstract: An effective broad spectrum system useful in an extended range of physical factors and/or composition elements in a cosmetic or personal care product for preservation is described by the present invention. The broad spectrum, water soluble preservative system of the present invention includes an acid or acid derivative, chlorphenesin and a solvent mixed with phenoxyethanol.

Abstract: The subject invention provides materials and methods for the cost-effective control of soilborne pathogens. The plant pathogens, which can be controlled in accordance with the subject invention include fungi, bacteria, nematodes and insects. In a specific embodiment, the composition of the subject invention comprises chitin, produced from crustacean shell waste, and one or more Actinomycetes spp. selected from soil populations for suppressive activity against soilborne pathogens. The actinomycete isolates colonize the chitin and use it as a sole energy source. The combination when applied as a soil amendment suppresses activity of soilborne pathogens.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for evaluating the polymer growth inhibition ability of a compound or compounds. The invention involves adding a soluble monomeric, oligomeric, or polymeric seed capable of growing via a living polymerization mechanism to a liquid monomer under test conditions capable of causing a living polymer to grow via a living polymerization mechanism. Subjecting the same liquid monomer to the same test conditions then occurs in the absence of the soluble monomeric, oligomeric, or polymeric seed. Comparing the results of the two steps is then performed wherein the polymer growth inhibition ability of the compound or compounds is determined by the difference in the results. Another embodiment of the invention includes a method for evaluating the polymer growth inhibition by adding the soluble monomeric, oligomeric, or polymeric seed to the same liquid monomer solution under the same test conditions.

Abstract: An article comprising wood can be preserved by applying to the wood an effective amount for the preservation of the wood of a polymeric phenol sulfide having a tri- or higher sulfide bridge therein, which can be a polymeric alkyl phenol sulfide, such as one containing an alkyl group containing from one to about four carbon atoms in the alkyl group contained therein of the following formula, where R is the alkyl group,: where R is alkyl, m is from 1 to 3, n ranges from about 2 to about 10, and x is 3 or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is CPG, a combination of a chlorhexidine salt (such as chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine diacetate, or chlorhexidine dichloride) and n-propyl gallate that can be used at ambient temperatures as a urine preservative.

Abstract: A wood protecting agent, particularly for the protection of wood against dry-wood-destroying insects is provided. The wood protecting agent comprises a wood preservative carrier and the combination of at least one insect juvenile hormone or its analogue or mimetic with at least one an ecdysone agonist or its analogue or mimetic in a concentration of 0.5 to 0.00005 % by weight, related to the entire formulation, and optionally, one or more triazole compounds to achieve a synergistic increase in effectiveness of said formulation.

Abstract: Normally liquid, omega-hydrofluoroalkyl ether compounds (and selected mixtures thereof) have a saturated perfluoroaliphatic chain of carbon atoms interrupted by one or more ether oxygen atoms. The compounds can be prepared, e.g., by decarboxylation of the corresponding fluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids and are useful, e.g., in cleaning and drying applications.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium carbonates having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group have been synthesized.These compounds and compositions further comprising the corresponding quaternary ammonium bicarbonate ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is the same or a different C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is the same or a different C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group and/or the corresponding quaternary ammonium metal carbonate ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 is the same or a different C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group; R.sup.2 is the same or a different C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group and M is a non-coupler metal, are prepared by reacting two reactants, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl quaternary ammonium chloride and a metal hydroxide, in a solvent comprising a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 normal alcohol.

Abstract: Wood preservative systems comprising (a) a biocidal effective amount of (i) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a C.sub.8 -C.sub.l2 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, interrupted or uninterrupted C.sub.1 -C.sub.100 group; l and q independently are 1, 2 or 3 and (l) (q) is 1, 2, or 3; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; (ii) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium borate having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above, and a is 2 or 3, but when a is 2, b is 0 or 1, and when a is 3, b is 0, 1, or 2; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); and (b) a solvent are provided. These carboxylate quats as well as carboxylate quats wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group are preferably prepared by an indirect or a direct synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides stabilizing formulations for maintaining and preserving the integrity of proteins and polypeptides present in a body fluid sample obtained ex-vivo and to be evaluated as a test specimen for either clinical, therapeutic, or research purposes. The stabilizing formulations may be prepared alternatively either as a dry, anhydrous mixture of powders or as an aqueous based liquid containing the dissolved ingredients in admixture. The invention also provides minimalist stabilizing formulations as well as fortified stabilizing formulations which meet specific uses and applications and may be advantageously employed over a wide variety of different time, temperature, and severity of conditions.

Abstract: A blood collection device comprising formed additive particles. The additive particles are an improvement over available additive formulations that are powder blended in that the components of the additive particles of the present invention are in each formed particle. The formed additive particles comprise a fluoride salt and an ethylenediaminetetraacetate salt or a heparin salt to consistently minimize glycolysis and coagulation of a blood specimen with low hemolysis.

Abstract: An article comprising wood can be preserved by applying to the wood an effective amount for the preservation of the wood of a preservative composition consisting essentially of a polymeric phenol sulfide having a tetra- or higher sulfide bridge therein alkyl phenol sulfide, such as one containing an alkyl group containing from one to about four carbon atoms in the alkyl group contained therein of the following formula, where R is the alkyl group,: ##STR1## where R is alkyl, m is from 1 to 3, n ranges from about 2 to about 10, and x is about 4.

Abstract: Wood preservative systems comprising (a) a biocidal effective amount of (i) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, interrupted or uninterrupted C.sub.1 -C.sub.100 group; l and q independently are 1, 2 or 3 and (l) (q) is 1, 2, or 3; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; (ii) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium borate having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above, and a is 2 or 3, but when a is 2, b is 0 or 1, and when a is 3, b is 0, 1, or 2; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); and (b) a solvent are provided. These carboxylate quats as well as carboxylate quats wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group are preferably prepared by an indirect or a direct synthesis.

Abstract: Novel wood preservatives comprisingat least one copper compound and polyaspartic acid or a derivative of the same,a triazole compound andif appropriate at least one synergistically complementing other fungicide and/or insecticideif appropriate an emulsifier and/or a small amount of alkanolamine.

Abstract: Substituted spiroalkylamino and -alkoxy heterocycles, processes for their preparation, and their use as pesticides and fungicidesThe invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Het is optionally substituted 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl; X is NH, O or S(O).sub.0-2 ; E is a bond or alkanediyl; Y and Z are CH.sub.2, O and/or S(O).sub.0-2 ; W is (CH.sub.2).sub.0-4 ; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are halogen, (halo)alkyl, (halo)alkoxy or alkylthio; r and s are 0-2; U is a bond, O, S(O).sub.0-2 or optionally substituted imino; and V is a bond CO, SO.sub.2, --CQ--T-- or --CT'.dbd.N--; or U+V together are a double bond; and R.sup.6 is as defined in the description. The invention furthermore relates to processes for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and fungicides.

Abstract: A substantially dust-free solid that is treated with a blend of water or other solvent and certain distillation bottoms. The distillation bottoms are at about 60.degree. C. or less and are obtained from production of an alcohol having the formula:R2--R1--OH,wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted branched, straight chain or cyclic C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 and R2 is OH or H.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of preparing a supersaturated solution of an inorganic solute in an aqueous solvent, to such solutions and to a method of treating wood by impregnating it with such solutions. The method of preparing the solution involves mixing an aqueous solvent and salt solute together with an organic dopant comprising an emulsifier and an oil or wax, so that the eventual solution comprises an aqueous phase in which the solute is dissolved, the proportions of the constituents being selected so that the aqueous phase is a supersaturated solution of the inorganic salt solute in the solvent.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenging composition or system is provided comprising at least one polyterpene and at least one catalyst effective in catalyzing an oxygen scavenging reaction. A film, a multi-phase composition, a multi-layer composition, an article comprising the oxygen scavenging composition, a method for preparing the oxygen scavenging composition, and a method for scavenging oxygen are also provided.

Abstract: A high yield method for the preparation of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 alkyl quaternary ammonium hydroxide is provided whereby two reactants, a corresponding quaternary ammonium chloride and a metal hydroxide, are reacted in a solvent comprising a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 normal alcohol. The amount of metal hydroxide reactant is that amount sufficient to yield the quaternary ammonium hydroxide and a metal chloride.Also provided are wood preservative systems which include (a) a biocidal effective amount of at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium hydroxide and (b) a solvent, as well as a method for preserving a wood substrate whereby the substrate is treated with the preservative system.

Abstract: Wood preservative systems comprising (a) a biocidal effective amount of (i) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, interrupted or uninterrupted C.sub.1 -C.sub.100 group; l and q independently are 1, 2 or 3 and (l) (q) is 1, 2, or 3; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; (ii) at least one di C.sub.8 14 C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium borate having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above, and a is 2 or 3, but when a is 2, b is 0 or 1, and when a is 3, b is 0, 1, or 2; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); and (b) a solvent are provided. These carboxylate quats as well as carboxylate quats wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group are preferably prepared by an indirect or a direct synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of subgrouping media formulations into stable, compatible components that can then be solubilized at high concentrations (10.times. to 100.times.). Concentrated solutions of the ingredient containing subgroups can be used to prepare media formulations. Concentrated culture media formulations (2-10.times.) or 1.times. cell culture media can be prepared according to the present invention by mixing a sufficient amount of the concentrated subgroup solutions with a sufficient amount of a diluent (water, buffer, etc.).The present invention further relates to stabilization of glutamine by complexing or mixing glutamine with divalent metal cations in solution.

Abstract: A method for storing atmosphere sensitive product includes providing an atmosphere surrounding the product which contains at least about 5% heptafluoropropane, preferably at least about 20% heptafluoropropane. The stored products include food, pharmaceutical and chemical products, and mechanical and electrical equipment. In a particular aspect, the method includes storing the product in a closed container and providing in the headspace of the container an atmosphere containing heptafluoropropane.

Abstract: A preservative, for compositions having an aqueous phase, comprisinga) 5 to 60% by weight of an organic acid selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, undecylenic acid and dehydracetic acid or their mixtures including their sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium and ethanolamine saltsb) 10 to 95% by weight of alcohols of the general formulae I, II or III ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen, an n-alkyl, iso-alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 3 C atoms, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 denote hydrogen or a CH.sub.3 -- or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 -- radical and n has the value of 3 or 4, andc) 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more poly(hexa-methylenebiguanide) salts of the general formula ##STR2## in which Z represents hydrochloride, acetate, lactate, benzoate, propionate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, sorbate or salicylate; and n has the value of 4 to 6, in combination in a customary carrier or solvent.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a process for treating timber, comprising the first step of immersing a high moisture content timber in an organic solvent compatible with water so as to remove water in the timber and make the organic solvent penetrate into the timber, and the second step of immersing the timber in a solution comprising a wood preservative and a high boiling point organic solvent, the solution being compatible with the organic solvent, so as to make the high boiling point organic solvent and the wood preservative penetrate into the timber, wherein timber is treated in a short period of time without a step of drying a high moisture content timber, and at the same time, cracking by drying at the step of drying a high moisture content timber is inhibited.

Abstract: An improved oxygen scavenging system is provided. The system involves an oxygen scavenging phase containing at least one oxygen-scavenger and a second phase comprising at least one catalyst effective in catalyzing a scavenging reaction. The oxygen scavenging phase is substantially devoid of any catalyst of the scavenging reaction and the second phase is effectively separate from the oxygen scavenging phase. Nevertheless, the oxygen scavenging system provides excellent scavenging capabilities while avoiding many of the prior art problems, such as undesired oxidation during high temperature processing when the system is incorporated into a multi-layer film.