Abstract: A novel class of polymers and processes used in their preparation are described. The polymers are produced by a reaction between polyfunctional amines and quinones. Some are infusible and intractable. Others are eminently suitable for the production of coatings, adhesives, insulators, etc. Some polymers, in solution in appropriate solvents adhere to metals, siliceous materials, composites with sufficient affinity to displace water. The polymers can be cured by heat or chemicals to an impervious and insoluble material that is not wetted by water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process making it possible to reduce the corrosion of metals and alloys of heat exchanger circuits where aqueous heat transfer fluids are circulating and which may contain anti-freeze products.The process consists in mixing with these aqueous heat transfer fluids on the one hand from 0.05 to 5 percent by weight of one or more salts of alkali metals or of amines of dicarboxylic aliphatic acids of the formula (CH.sub.2)n(COOH).sub.2 in which n is comprised between 2 and 10 and on the other hand from 0.05 to 2.5 percent by weight of one or more polyols comprising a number of carbon atoms between 5 and 12 and a number of alcohol functions between 5 and 12 and possessing no reducing power.

Abstract: An improved overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive and the process for its preparation are disclosed. The overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive comprises the reaction product of an alkaline earth metal compound, sulfur, and an alkylphenol in the presence of a polyhydroxy compound and, an alkaline earth metal alkylbenzene sulfonate wherein the reaction mixture is carbonated with carbon dioxide. A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil as base oil and a minor amount of said overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive demonstrates improved storage at elevated temperatures, improved water tolerance and improved compatibility of the phenate-sulfonate mixture, particularly if water is present.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a circulating coolant system filter which includes assembling a filter medium and a filter canister into which a supplemental coolant additive can be placed to provide at least one beneficial property to the circulating coolant, the improvement comprising: automatically introducing the supplemental coolant additive into the filter canister in the form of a liquid-powdered solids slurry.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting sulfide stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen induced stepwise cracking in a metal (e.g. pipeline steel) that comprises contacting the metal at a pH of 5.3 or below with an effective inhibiting amount of a glycolipid-containing product obtained from a fermentation using Torulopsis bombicola.

Abstract: A rust converting composition comprises ascorbic acid, lignin sulfonate, and a water insoluble polymer, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, and optionally a thickener. The invention further provides a method for removing rust from rusted metal surfaces by applying the composition, allowing the composition to remain on the rusted metal surface until substantially all of the rust is converted to a water soluble form, and removing the composition from the metal surface by washing with water.

Abstract: An agent is disclosed that is useful for treating liquid media, e.g., dechlorinating aqueous media. The agent contains at least one salt from the sulfur oxide family, such as sodium sulfite. In the agent, the salt is in mixture with an organic gel forming binder. The mixed material is especially adapted for preparing self-supporting, discrete particles of solid compacted material, e.g., tableted composition. The composition can provide such compacted material not only of desirable strength and hardness, but also of desirably controlled dissolution rate.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an amine-reactive vinyl polymer and a polyfunctional amine crosslinker when combined with a benzotriazole or a polypyridyl, alone, or in further combination with 2-hydroxypyridine cure into coatings having superior corrosion resistance.

Abstract: In an alkanolamine gas treating process for removing acid gas from a feedstream in which hydrogen sulfide is present, reduced corrosion of steel parts or components is observed when solution concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and vanadium in the plus five valence state are maintained above certain minimum levels.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition including potassium carbonate, a boron-containing compound, and water. In another embodiment, the fire extinguishing composition, in addition to the above, includes a potassium salt of an organic acid having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The fire extinguishing composition is non-corrosive to metals.

Abstract: Metal materials in contact with aqueous systems are prevented from corrosion by a method which comprises adding a copolymer having a molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 20,000 and formed between isobutylene and at least one member selected from among maleic acid, water-soluble salts thereof, and maleic anhydride to water of such quality that the Langelier index thereof is not less than 1.5 and the relation,(SiO.sub.2).times.(CaH).gtoreq.2,000(wherein (SiO.sub.2) stands for the SiO.sub.2 concentration in the water (mg/liter) and (CaH) for the calcium hardness (mg/liter as CaCO.sub.3 in the water).

Abstract: A heavy duty supplemental cooling composition for use in diesel engines which comprises a sodium-free buffer, a cavitation liner pitting inhibitor, a metal corrosion and hot surface corrosion inhibitor, a defoamer, a hot surface deposition and scale inhibitor and a detergent. An internal leakage trace element is included to detect leakage into the engine's lubricating oil.

Abstract: Corrosion-inhibiting compositions are described which comprise a mixture of(A) at least one oil-soluble neutral or basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt or complex of at least one organic acid, and(B) a nitrogen- and boron-containing composition which is the reaction product of at least one amino alcohol, at least one of a boric acid or boron trioxide, and at least one organic carboxylic acid. Such compositions exhibit improved corrosion-inhibiting properties, especially when included in preservative oil applications. In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the invention contains, in addition to the nitrogen- and boron-containing compositions, a mixture of calcium and barium salts of one or more organic sulfonic acids.Oil compositions containing the above-described corrosion-inhibiting compositions also are described. The disclosure also describes methods for inhibiting the corrosion of metal surfaces and metal articles which have been coated in accordance with the method of the invention.

Abstract: Salts having the formula:Y--NH.sub.3.sup.+.RCO.sub.2.sup.- Iin which Y is a group of formula R.sup.1 XCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 --, R and R.sup.1 are the same or different and each is a straight- or branched chain alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a straight- or branched chain alkenyl group having from 2 to 18 atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 4 to 12 ring atoms, an aryl group having 6-10 ring atoms, or an aralkyl group having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms; and X is O, CO.sub.2, NR.sup.2 or S and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, a straight- or branched chain alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having from 2 to 18 C atoms.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to compositions which inhibit the corrosion caused by CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S in the transport and storage of crude oils, which are generally water-in-oil, in particular salt-water-in-oil emulsions. The corrosion inhibitors are mixtures of certain imidazoline or tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives, precursors thereof, or their complexes with sulfur and certain maleinamidic acids.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting oxidation of copper electrodes of a ceramic capacitor, comprising the step of subjecting copper films formed by an electroless plating process or the like and serving as opposed electrodes of a ceramic capacitor to a hydrocarbon halide compound including trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, freon, chlorobenzene, methyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or the like.

Abstract: Corrosion of metallic surfaces by aqueous alkanolamine solutions employed in acid gas removal is inhibited by combinations of particular vanadium compounds and an organic compound selected from the group consisting of nitro-substituted aromatic acids, nitro-substituted acid salts, and 1,4-naphthoquinone, preferably from the group consisting of p-nitrobenzoic acid, m-nitrobenzoic acid, 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, m-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, 1,4-naphthoquinone, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing microcapsules comprising forming capsule membranes of a polymer of melamine and formaldehyde in the presence of a styrene-sulfonic acid polymer.

Abstract: A method for preparing microcapsules comprising polymerizing urea and formaldehyde in the presence of an anionic polyelectrolyte and an ammonium salt of an acid and forming a wall membrane of a urea/formaldehyde resin around droplets of a hydrophobic oily liquid.

Abstract: A method of applying substantially consistent and uniform coatings of a corrosion preventive compound to metallic cable lengths is disclosed which involves the immersion of the cable into a liquid coating compound of controlled viscosity followed by wiping the cable with a compound-containing material upon withdrawal of the cable from the compound.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a corrosion inhibiting composition and to a process for inhibiting corrosion and the deposition of mineral scale on metal in aqueous systems which comprises adding to the water effective amounts of a water soluble polymer comprising acrylic acid characterized by molecular weights ranging up to about 2500. The polymer comprises vinyl monomer in excess of about 90%, i.e. acrylic acid, in combination with minor amounts of phosphorous acid and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A method for preparing microcapsules comprising polymerizing urea and formaldehyde in the presence of an anionic polyelectrolyte and an ammonium salt of an acid and forming a wall membrane of a urea/formaldehyde resin around droplets of a hydrophobic oily liquid.

Abstract: Microcapsules having a shell consisting of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and containing a liquid, water-in-soluble material are obtained by dispersing a liquid, water-insoluble phase of a substance, substance mixture or substance solution in an aqueous phase of polyvinyl alcohol obtained by partial hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate and having a degree of hydrolysis of from 72 to 99 mol % and dehydrating the dispersion to obtain the capsules in powder form.

Abstract: A water treating agent which comprises a specific polymer containing a structural unit that is derived from a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond and has one or more carboxyl radicals, at least a part of said carboxyl radicals being modified, or another water treating agent which comprises, in addition to said specific polymer, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of inorganic phosphates, phosphonic acids, organic phosphoric acid esters and polyvalent metal salts, is capable of preventing the formation of corrosion, scale and contamination on the surface of a metal that is in contact with water.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a mixture of gelatin and a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each a group selected from the class consisting of --H, --Cl, --CHCl.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 Cl, --CCl.sub.3, --SH, --SCH.sub.3, --NH.sub.2, --NHC.tbd.N, --CH.sub.2 C.tbd.N, ##STR2## --CH.sub.2 OH, --NO.sub.2 and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, provide effective corrosion inhibition for aqueous carboxylic acid solutions in the cleaning of metal industrial equipment.

Abstract: Emulsifier compositions, suitable for mixing with mineral oil to form metal working lubricants, comprise a mixture of salts of alkylaryl sulfonic acids, said acids having a molecular weight distribution with two distinct peaks, one peak being preferably in the range of 270 to 400, while the other peak is in the range of 350 to 600; which peaks differ at least 80. Mixtures of 5 to 95 wt. % sodium salts of branched chain C.sub.12 to C.sub.16 alkyl orthoxylenesulfonic acids with 95 to 5 wt. % sodium salts of branched chain C.sub.20 to C.sub.28 alkyl benzenesulfonic acids are especially preferred compositions, particularly when blended with naphthenic mineral oil, to thereby form stable emulsifiable metal working lubricants.

Abstract: Compositions made by reacting (I) a metal phenoxide salt of a bridged phenol of 2 to about 20 phenol groups and (II) a carboxylic acid reagent containing from one to three carboxyl-based groups and a halogen-substituted hydrocarbon-based aliphatic or alicyclic group containing a halogen atom are useful as additives for lubricants and normally liquid fuels. Analogous thiophenoxide-based compositions are similarly useful. These compositions can also be used as intermediates for the preparation of other useful additive compositions through their reaction with alcohols, amino compounds, reactive small ring heterocycles and basically reacting metal compounds.

Abstract: A process for the prevention of scale and the inhibition of corrosion which comprises adding to water a hydrolyzed terpolymer of maleic anhydride with vinyl acetate and ethyl acrylate, the molar ratio of maleic anhydride to the other monomers being from 2.5:1 to 5:1, the ratio of vinyl acetate to ethyl acrylate being 1:1 to 2:1, and the molecular weight of the terpolymer being below 1000.

Abstract: A method of retarding corrosion of metal parts in an aqueous-containing fluid system which comprises, adding to the aqueous-containing fluid system a mixture of a water-soluble cation of mercury and a water-soluble cation of a Group IB or Group IIB metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the stabilization of methylene chloride, in which a mixture of stabilizers comprising at least one vicinal epoxide and at least one aliphatic monoether is added to the methylene chloride.Methylene chloride so stabilized is particularly suitable for the degreasing of metals in the vapor phase.

Abstract: Contaminants produced in lubricating oils during use in internal combustion engines are converted to removable particulate matter by treatment with an amine. If an amine of higher activity is employed, the resulting refined product is re-usable as a lubricating oil and if an amine of lower activity is employed, the resulting product can be used as a corrosion inhibitor for metal surfaces.

Abstract: An amine salt is comprised of the reaction of pelargonic acid and dicyclohexylamine. The amine salt, dicyclohexylammonium pelargonate, is useful for inhibiting metal corrosion. A polyphosphate may be used in conjunction with the amine salt to obtain a synergistic corrosion inhibiting effect when a saline environment is encountered by the metal to be protected.

Abstract: A pipe coating composition consisting essentially of a binder, mineral aggregates, a finely divided mineral filler and synthetic organic fibers exhibits improved cracking time as compared to a pipe coating composition containing glass fibers instead of the organic fiber.

Abstract: Working fluid compositions for absorption refrigeration systems comprising alcohol, lithium bromide, zinc bromide and a synergistic mixture of arsenic trioxide and the sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid which are markedly inhibited in corrosion of ferrous metals, and a method for inhibiting the corrosion of ferrous metals by alcohol-lithium bromide-zinc bromide mixture by adding a synergistic combination of arsenic trioxide and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

Abstract: Functional fluid lubricating oil compositions are provided which comprise (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (B) an effective amount of each of the following: (1) an alkenyl succinimide, (2) a Group II metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid, (3) a friction modifier, (4) a Group II metal salt of a hydrocarbyl sulfonic acid, and (5) a chlorinated olefin containing from about 15 to 50 carbon atoms, from 20 to 60% by weight chlorine, and having a boiling point of at least about 300.degree. F. Such lubricating compositions are useful as functional fluids in systems requiring fluid coupling, hydraulic fluid and/or lubrication of relatively moving parts. The lubricating compositions of the invention are particularly useful as the functional fluid in automatic transmissions, particularly in passenger automobiles.

Abstract: Functional fluid lubricating oil compositions are provided which comprise (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (B) an effective amount of each of the following: (1) an alkenyl succinimide, (2) a Group II metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid, (3) a frictional modifier, (4) a basic sulfurized alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate, and (5) a chlorinated olefin containing from about 15 to 50 carbon atoms, from 20 to 60% by weight chlorine, and having a boiling point of at least about 300.degree. F. Such lubricating compositions are useful as functional fluids in systems requiring fluid coupling, hydraulic fluid and/or lubrication of relatively moving parts. The lubricating compositions of the invention are particularly useful as the functional fluid in automatic transmissions, particularly in passenger automobiles.

Abstract: Carboxylated lactones of the general formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, --COOM, --CHOHCOOM, --CH.sub.2 COOM and a 1,3-dioxolane, 5-oxo group, and R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen and --COOM, wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or alkylammonium, provided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 contain a carboxyl group, are disclosed as inhibiting the corrosion of metals by oxygen-bearing waters. The carboxylated lactones can be employed either alone or in combination with thiols, 1,2,3-triazoles, zinc salts, chromates, silicates, inorganic phosphates, molybdates, tannins, lignins, lignin sulfonates, calcium and magnesium salts and mixtures thereof.