Abstract: A powdery flame retardant which is obtained by mixing a flame retardant which is liquid or a viscous solid at ordinary temperature with an inorganic fibrous substance to adhere or adsorb the retardant to the fibrous substance, and which comprises 5 to 70 wt. % the flame retardant and 95 to 30 wt. % the fibrous substance. The powdery flame retardant can be easily handled because it is a powder, and is obtained by a simple and industrially advantageous method. It produces a remarkable effect that the performance of the liquid or viscous flame retardant is not impaired.

Abstract: Wood preservative compositions are disclosed. Treatment of lumber, plywood, and other wood products with a novel composition comprising the boron source composition, a melamine binder resin, and a urea casein activator resin protects lumber, plywood, and other wood products from attack by termites, fungi, fire and flame. The preservative can be formed by combining a source of boron such as boric acid and the water-soluble salts thereof, a melamine binder resin, and a urea casein resin. A wood preservative is characterized by a weight ratio of the urea casing activator resin to the melamine binder resin ranging from about 1:20 to 1:4 and a weight ratio of the boron source composition to the melamine binder resin ranging from about 1.3:1 to 9.6:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nitrogen-containing epoxy resin of the following formula: wherein R's are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or —R13—C6-10 aryl-(OR14)p, and the aryl group is optionally substituted with C1-6 alkyl group, in which R13 represents a C1-6 alkylene group or a phenylene —CH2— group optionally substituted with a hydroxy group, R14 represents a glycidyl group, and p is an integer of 1 or 2, provided that at least one R group is not a hydrogen atom; R1 represents a phenyl group or —N(R)2 group in which R is defined as above. The resin is produced from sequentially reacting melamine derivatives with aldehydes, phenolic compounds, and epihalohydrin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coated particulate flame retardant for a polymer, which comprises inorganic compound particles, each having, bonded to the surface thereof through a covalent bond, a coating compound so that the inorganic compound particle is coated with the coating compound, wherein the coated inorganic compound particles have an in situ-found number average particle diameter (&agr;) in the range of from 1 to 1,000 nm, as measured with respect to the coated inorganic compound particles in a composition comprising a polymer having dispersed therein the coated inorganic compound particles.

Abstract: The invention concerns a self-mixing using cable, in particular for the distribution of electric power, wherein at least conductor-coating layer comprising a fire retardant composition is present. Such a composition comprises a base polymer material in admixture with predetermined amounts of melamine or a derivative thereof, red phosphorous, magnesium and/or aluminium hydroxide and a zeolite and allows to obtain cables endowed with improved self-extinguishing properties.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for modifying fiber surfaces to impart hydrophilicity and thermal regulative properties thereto, comprising treating fiber with an alcohol (for example, polyol), and carrying out chemical reaction (for example, graft polymerization) between fiber and alcohol.

Abstract: This invention provides a multi-layer circuit board excellent in flame resistance, insulating property and adhesion and not generating detrimental substances when burnt, and a curable composition suitable for obtaining the multi-layer circuit board. The curable composition contains an insulating resin such as an alicyclic olefin polymer or an aromatic polyether polymer, a nitrogen-type curing agent such as 1,3-diallyl-5-glycidyl isocyanurate and a phosphorus-type flame retardant such as phosphoric acid ester amide, and is molded into a film by a solution casting method. The film so formed is laminated on an internal layer board and is cured to give the multi-layer circuit substrate.

Abstract: A process for the single application of one (1) to ten (10) treatments of a penetrating aqueous chemical composition to impart the combined properties to retard fire and inhibit mold growth on Gypsum Wall Board, Ceiling Tiles, Joint Compounds, Concrete, Wood or Manufactured Wood products and other porous interior building material surfaces. The primary embodiment consists of a composition containing Potassium based salts, a Boron containing compound, a registered commercial mold inhibitor and a surfactant, all of which are compounded as an aqueous solution of the chemicals. Other embodiments in addition to the above can include, but are not limited too, inorganic and organic salts of Alkali Metals, such as, but not limited to, Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Magnesium, Carbonates, Acetates, Phosphates, Citrates, Lactates or Urea, Halogens, Ammonia or any combination of these materials.

Abstract: A method for not only preserving cellulose material from deterioration and from fire, but also for producing plywood, chip and particle aborad with an inexpensive and environmentally acceptable adhesive is described. The cellulose material is processed by spraying, immersing or being subjected to vacuum and pressure application in two steps. One step processes the cellulose material with a sodium silicate preservative solution. Another step processes the cellulose material with a gaseous carbon dioxide. Pressure application, moreover, can be varied in a range not to exceed 250 psi to improve product quality. Moistened cellulose material, treated in the foregoing manner, is coated with a comminuted protein, e.g. soybean meal, and pressed into a cellulose product, typically plywood and chip board.

Abstract: A process of treating solid material flammable waste is provided in which dry fire retardant admixtures are used to intermix with the material waste so as to lower the burn rate and flammability characteristics of the material waste. The process, in turn, allows the waste to be accepted by an approved waste handling facility.

Abstract: Compositions for use as thermal insulation or barriers in articles that are required to function under transient elevated temperature conditions, such as are experienced during a fire. Articles in which compositions according to the invention may be used include electrical and optical cables which have fire resistant properties, electrical fittings such as terminals and cable clips, and void-filling compounds which are required to act as fire barriers. The invention provides a composition that is ductile or flexible at the elevated temperatures experienced during a fire and retains integrity so as to stay in place throughout the fire enabling it to continue to function as a thermal barrier.

Abstract: A fire and flame retardant composition is provided by mixing brazing flux, baking soda, lime and redwood bark to form the basis of the material composition. The basic material is then readily combined with other materials including flammable items such as silicone, epoxy glue, or the like to produce a composite material which remains resistant or impervious to fire and flame. The basic material composition is further combined with a suitable binder such as silicone to form a coating mixture which, when layered upon a fabric such as cotton fabric, produces a fire and flame retardant garment which also produces improved insulation and protective characteristics while remaining flexible.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing resin and a flame retardant resin composition containing the same are proposed. The flame retardant resin composition includes a phosphorus-containing resin, a nitrogen-containing resin hardener and a hardening promoter. Since the flame retardant resin composition has an excellent flame retardant property and heat resistance with no halogens contained and no additional flame retardant additives added therein, it can be used for producing prepregs, composite materials, laminates, printed circuit boards, copper foil adhesives, and packaging materials for semiconductors.

Abstract: A highly flame retardant plasticized polyvinyl chloride compound (PVC) comprises a mixture of dialkyl tetrachlorophthalate and dialkyl tetrabromophthalate and is characterized by an absence of brittleness, and substantial flexibility at low temperatures as required for PVC formed jackets and insulation for wire and cable products.

Abstract: A dry powdered fire retardant composition for mixing with water on-site for elimination of corrosion inhibitors required if pre-mixed and stored. The composition includes a gum and a fire retardant salt. The gum is a dry powdered guava fruit gum which is extremely hydroscopic for mixing on-site. The fire retardant salt is a dry powdered mono-ammonium phosphate. The composition further includes dry powdered 1-3% bicarbonate of soda for adding additional insulating properties. The method of making the dry powdered fire retardant composition includes the steps of putting the dry powdered guava fruit gum in a mixer, putting the dry powdered mono-ammonium phosphate in the mixer, and mixing the dry powdered guava fruit gum and the dry powdered mono-ammonium phosphate evenly in the mixer.

Abstract: A cellulose-based fire retardant composition is made by (1) adding cellulose to water, thereby forming a solution; (2) adding liquid ammonia to the solution; and (3) subsequently adding solid diammonium phosphate to the solution, thereby forming a viscous cellulose-based fire retardant liquid.

Abstract: The flame retardant treating agent of the invention comprises a phosphorus-based compound represented by the following formula (4), for example.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by incorporating a urea-organic compound condensate into a flammable organic material. The urea-organic compounds condensate are produced by heating urea and organic compounds that will condensate with or react with isocyanic add and/or cyanic acid or heating urea first then reacting the condensation compounds with other organic compounds. The urea-organic compound condensate may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, aldehydes and fillers in produce a urea-organic compound condensate composition which is incorporated in more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The urea-organic compound condensate salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the urea-organic compound condensate-aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a battery having an anode, a cathode, and a flame-retarding electrolyte with a conductivity greater than about 10−3 S/cm at ambient temperature and which includes a compound that chemically interferes with flame propagation.

Abstract: Colorized fire retardants, and methods of making and using the same, are provided that include an uncolored or minimally colored fire retardant composition and a colorant. The colorant is an aqueous dispersion, slurry, or suspension that includes an insoluble, non-fugitive pigment, e.g., red iron oxide or titanium dioxide. The aqueous dispersion pigment is added to the uncolored or minimally colored fire retardant composition at a time proximate to discharging the retardant onto the fuel. Accordingly, a user has control over the type and amount of colorant added to the fire retardant composition.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by incorporating a urea-organic compound condensate into a flammable organic material. The urea-organic compounds condensate are produced by heating urea and organic compounds that will condensate with or react with isocyanic acid and/or cyanic acid or heating urea first then reacting the condensation compounds with other organic compounds. The urea-organic compound condensate may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, aldehydes and fillers to produce a urea-organic compound condensate composition which is incorporated in more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The urea-organic compound condensate salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the urea-organic compound condensate-aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: A composition comprising tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine or phosphorus-containing salts or condensates of those salts with nitrogen-containing compounds coated or absorbed onto a solid or porous substrate is disclosed. The salts or condensates are based on tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salts. The substrate has a melting point greater than 70° C. and is an optionally hydroxyl-substituted di- or polycarboxylic acid. The compositions may be used with water soluble film forming polymers to make sachets or bags containing sachets or bags of these phosphorous-containing compositions along with sachets or bags of compositions that are incompatible with these phosphorous-containing compositions.

Abstract: A composition for increasing the dissipation of heat from one portion of a surface when heat is applied to another portion of the same surface. The preferred composition is a gel or paste with high water content and a thickener of a mineral clay in a colloidal suspension. The invention finds particular use in welding and soldering processes which are carried out adjacent heat sensitive materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment preparation comprising an organic pigment and 0.2 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the pigment preparation, of an ammonium polyphosphate or of an organophosphorus compound.

Abstract: Aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid and/or aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid composition may be utilized to fight grass, forest, building fires, and flame retard other flammable organic material by applying it on or incorporating it in these flammable organic materials. The aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid and/or aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid composition may be incorporated into flammable materials such as solid and foam plastic and natural materials.

Abstract: A fire resistant composition comprises a quantity of cellulosic debris formed to be spread as a ground cover, and an asphalt-containing material mixed with the cellulosic debris. The asphalt-containing material comprises at least 35 wt % of the composition. Preferably, the asphalt-containing material is formed from asphalt roofing shingles. The cellulosic debris may be wood waste or other suitable materials formed into chips or other particles suitable for spreading as a ground cover. A method for forming a fire resistant composition comprised of cellulosic debris and an asphalt-containing material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silicon-containing flame retardant for an organic polymer, comprising a monomer, a polymer or a mixture thereof, which is represented by the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents a monovalent C1-C20 hydrocarbon group; each of R3 and R4 independently represents a monovalent or divalent C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, with the proviso that, when each of R3 and R4 independently represents a divalent C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, R3 and R4 are bonded to each other to form a ring; and n is 1 or more in terms of the number average n-value.

Abstract: Flammable organic material is made less flammable by incorporating a polynitrogen containing salt of polyboron oxyacid in or on the material. The polynitrogen containing salt of polyboron oxyacid is produced by reacting a boron oxyacid or salt of boron oxyadd with a nitrogen containing salt forming compound such as ammonia, amino compounds and amines in water. Both the polynitrogen radical and the boron oxyacid radical are both flame retardant agents. The polynitrogen salt of boron oxyacids may be used to form a flame retardant compositions by mixing it with carbonization auxiliaries and fillers. The polyammoniun alkali metal salts of polyboron oxyacids are useful as flame retardant agents and as a surfactant.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition that is composed of red phosphorus and melamine or a derivative thereof in amounts satisfying a specified ratio for use in the production of polyurethanes. The polyurethanes produced with this flame retardant composition are particularly useful in the production of rail vehicles.

Abstract: A fire retardant composition including potassium chloride, ammonium borate or ammonium pentaborate, and water. The formulation is transparent in nature and coated onto flammable materials such as wallboard or the like. The formulation is then covered with non-latex paint or a wall covering such as wallpaper.

Abstract: Fire retardant compositions and methods of making and using the same are provided. The fire retardant compositions are comprised of at least one fire retardant component, including at least one ammonium polyphosphate and at least one biopolymer having a weight average particle diameter of less than about 100 microns. In a specific embodiment, the fire retardant composition is comprised of a xanthan biopolymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for the application of coatings primarily to wood and metal structures and installations, which have high fireproofing and thermal insulation properties, and can be used in construction, the aircraft industry, rail transport and shipbuilding. The composition includes a foaming system, which itself includes pentaerythritol or sorbitol, ammonium polyphosphate, boric acid, urea, filler and pigment, and also resin as a binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogenfree, flame-retardant composition that comprises at least (A) an organic phosphorus compound and (B) melamine or a compound derived from melamine, or a melamine-phosphorus compound (AB) and a polymer compound comprising an olefine having 2-12 carbon atoms and 0.1-30 weight % (relative to the weight of the polymer compound) of a compound containing acid, acid anhydride or epoxy groups. The invention also relates to a polycondensate composition that contains the flame-retardant composition according to the invention.

Abstract: Corrosion-inhibited fire retardant compositions and methods of making and using the same are provided. The corrosion-inhibited fire retardant compositions are comprised of at least one fire retardant component, at least one biopolymer having a particle size diameter of less than about 100 microns, and a corrosion inhibiting system.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by applying on or incorporating a mixture of cyanuric acid and cyamelide composition in a more flammable organic material. The mixture of cyanuric acid and cyamelide compounds are produced by heating urea or heating urea with biuret. The mixture of cyanuric acid and cyamelide compounds may be used alone or may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, reacted with aldehydes and mixed with metal containing compounds, carbonization accelerators, heat reflexing compounds and fillers to produce a cyanuric acid and cyamelide composition which is applied on or incorporated in a more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The cyanuric acid and cyamelide salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the cyanuric acid and cyamelide aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: Aqueous urea condensate-boron oxyacid salts composition may be utilized to fight grass, forest, building, and other flammable organic material by applying it to these flammable organic materials. The solid or aqueous urea condensate-boron oxyacid salts composition may also be incorporated into flammable materials such as solid and foam plastic and natural materials. Urea condensate-boron oxyacid salts composition may also contain carbonization auxiliaries, such as phosphorus containing compounds, metal containing compounds that will accelerate carbonization, heat reflector, surfactant and fillers. The urea condensate-boron oxyacid salts composition is produced by mixing, heating and/or reacting urea, boron oxyacids and alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide or the boron oxyacids maybe first reacted with the alkali metal hydroxide or the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.

Abstract: A process of treating solid material flammable waste is provided in which dry fire retardant admixtures are used to intermix with the material waste so as to lower the burn rate and flammability characteristics of the material waste. The process, in turn, allows the waste to be accepted by an approved waste handling facility.

Abstract: Improved sprayable gypsum-based fireproofing composition comprising a lightweight aggregate and a set retarding agent in an amount effective to delay the setting of said composition for at least 24 hours and preferably for at least 72-96 hours without causing the composition to swell or shrink or to cause a salt layer to form on the composition when it is spray-applied. The fireproofing composition can retain fluidity in conventional spray hoses overnight and yet is capable of being injected with a set accelerator, such as aluminum sulfate, on the next day or on a successive day when spray-applied onto a substrate.

Abstract: In a fugitive color fire retardant composition, the colorant initially colors the composition to a hue which contrasts with the hue of ground vegetation. A non-fugitive component is included in the colorant, in an amount sufficient to provide improved aerial visibility when the composition is first aerially applied to the vegetation. However, the amount of non-fugitive pigment is less than an amount which would prevent the composition from fading after application to an acceptable neutral hue.

Abstract: Fire retardant cellulosic material comprises from 0.4 to 2.0% by weight of tin and from 0.4 to 8.0% by weight of boron based on the weight of the cellulosic material. The fire retardant material is prepared in a two-stage or a one-stage process. The two-stage process comprises impregnation of the material with an alkaline solution of an alkali metal stannate or stannite, followed by impregnation with an aqueous solution of boric acid and drying. The one-stage process comprises impregnation of the material with a stable aqueous colloidal suspension of hydrous tin oxide stabilized with an alkali metal salt of boric acid having a pH in the range of from 4 to 8, followed by drying.

Abstract: Linear backbone phosphorus-boron polymers of the general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4, are the same or different and selected from H, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl and phenyl; and n is at least 2, and particularly high molecular weight polymers of absolute weight average molecular weight of at least 10,000. The polymers are of use as fire retardants.

Abstract: A highly flame retardant plasticized polyvinyl chloride compound (PVC) comprises a mixture of dialkyl tetrachlorophthalate and dialkyl tetrabromophthalate and is characterized by an absence of brittleness, and substantial flexibility at low temperatures as required for PVC formed jackets and insulation for wire and cable products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synergistic flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers, preferably engineering plastics, especially for polyesters, which as component A comprises a phosphinic salt of the formula (I) defined in the description and/or a diphosphinic salt of the formula (II) and/or polymers thereof, and as component B comprises a nitrogen compound of the formula (III) to (VIII) defined in the description, or a mixture of the compounds represented by the formulae.

Abstract: A phosphate and ammonia free composition for treating an object (i.e., lumber, plywood and other wood products) is described. The treating solution may be applied to the object by dipping, soaking, brushing, spraying, etc., however, vacuum and/or pressure techniques may be used to impregnate the object according to the method of this invention, including both the empty-cell process and the full-cell process. The composition achieves fire retardant qualities without object degradation when the treated object is subjected to heat and humidity over time. The composition of this invention includes nitrogen in a predetermined ratio to boron.

Abstract: This invention comprises a concentrate further comprising a salt(s), a rheological modifier(s), an effective amount of a stabilizing compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic carboxylic acids optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, aliphatic polycarboxylic acids optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, aliphatic and alicyclic organic compounds having at least three hydroxyl groups, glycols, mixtures thereof and the like and water which is present in an amount at least sufficient to solubilize the stabilizing compound(s) up to an amount at which said thickening compound is activated. This composition, upon dilution, after aging has the viscosity development characteristic(s) of a freshly diluted concentrate. If desired, this concentrate further comprises performance additives and other components and is preferably formulated for use in preparing a fire retardant concentrate.

Abstract: An aqueous treatment composition for cellulosic material comprises an aqueous fire retardant solution of urea (CO(Na2)2, a source of inorganic acid groups such as phosphoric acid, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, a water miscible alcohol such as methanol or ethanol, and an inorganic borate, typically a mixture of boric acid and borax pentahydrate. The treatment composition may be provided in a concentrated or water-free form, in which case the treatment composition is formulated into an aqueous fire retardant and preservative solution at the point of use. The treatment composition can be prepared from a kit containing the various components in two separate containers. Also provided is a method of simultaneously improving the resistance to heat and/or fire and preserving a cellulosic material comprising treating the cellulosic material with a treatment composition of the invention.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by incorporating a urea-organic compound condensate into a flammable organic material. The urea-organic compounds condensate are produced by heating urea organic compounds that will condensate with or react with isocyanic acid and/or cyanic acid or heating urea first then reacting the condensation compounds with other organic compounds. The urea-organic compound condensate may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, aldehydes and fillers to produce a urea-organic compound condensate composition which is incorporated in more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The urea-organic compound condensate salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the urea-organic compound condensate-aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by incorporating an amino condensation composition in a more flammable organic compound. The amino condensation compositions are produced by heating urea or heating urea with other nitrogen containing compounds that will condensate with or react with isocyanic acid and/or cyanic acid or heating urea first then reacting the condensation compounds with other nitrogen containing compounds. The amino condensation compounds may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, aldehydes and fillers to produce an amino condensation composition which is incorporated in more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The amino condensation salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the amino condensation-aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: In the prevention of the spread of fires and for directly fighting fires, a cross-linked, water-swellable additive polymer in water/oil emulsion produced by an inverse phase polymerization reaction to be added to the firefighting water is disclosed. The additive has the properties of absorbing large quantities of water, high viscosity for adherence to vertical and horizontal surfaces, and retention of sufficient fluidity to be educted in standard firefighting equipment. The method of adding this additive to the firefighting water by eduction or by a batch addition to the water source is also disclosed.

Abstract: An intumescent material includes a liquid carrier with a corrosion inhibitor, such as a coating forming material, expandable particulate graphite (flake graphite or lump graphite) and if desired a filler. The intumescent material has a pH greater than 7.0, to reduce the corrosive properties of the intumescent material for most metals used in the construction industry and to provide a chemical environment conducive to the forming of a corrosion inhibiting layer by the corrosion inhibitor. The method of making the intumescent material includes combining the liquid carrier, the corrosion inhibitor, the expandable particulate graphite, the filler (if used), and a pH enhancer (if necessary to bring the intumescent material within the desired pH range), to form an intumescent material having a pH greater than 7.0.