Abstract: A process for separating scheelite from gange wherein the ore is ground with 0.4 to 10 grams of alkali metal carbonate per kg. of ore, forming a pulp and removing sulfide minerals from pulp liquor. Carrying out froth floatation in the presence of paraffin oil, 0.1-0.4 gram of fatty acid per kg. of ore and 3.2-5.5 grams of sodium silicate per kg. of ore wherein the weight ratio of paraffin oil to fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 2.8:1.

Abstract: A phosphate ore flotation process subjecting a phosphate ore containing carbonate mineral impurities to froth flotation in the presence of modifying agents, said modifying agents being alkyl phosphonic acids and hydrofluoric acid, and a collector, said collector being fatty acids; collecting the phosphate and carbonate minerals as rougher concentrate from the overflow; subjecting the phosphate and carbonate mineral concentrate to a differential desorption with an acid to remove the fatty acid from the surface of the phosphate mineral; removing the separated carbonate minerals from the overflow; and recovering the phosphate values in the underflow.

Abstract: Mercapto polycarboxylic acids, especially the trithiocarbonate derivatives thereof and alkali metal salts, are employed as treating agents in mineral recovery operations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a cassiterite ore, characterized in that, just before the flotation operation, said ore is subjected to a preliminary flotation operation, using an amphoteric collector of formula: ##STR1## in which: R is R.sub.1 or R.sub.1 --O-- or ##STR2## R' is H, CH.sub.3, polyoxyalkyl or R(CH.sub.2).sub.3 or A.sub.q --Z, R" is H or A.sub.q --ZAp and A.sub.q are polymethylene chains,Z is selected from the carboxylic, sulfonic or phosphonic groups.

Abstract: An improved method in concentrating oxide ores by froth flotation process which comprises subjecting a sufficiently fine sized ore of a metal which can change the valency state from higher to lower by the action of inorganic reducing compounds in the presence of an effective amount of dihydroxyoleic acid collector-frother; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and/or recovery of oxide minerals of iron, manganese, tin, titanium, vanadium, and wolfram, over silica and silicate gangue.

Abstract: In the froth flotation of coal, especially coking coal, improved results are observed when using as a collector an oil distillate cut within the range 80.degree. to 250.degree. C., containing less than 20% by weight of naphthenes, less than 20% by weight of aromatic content and more than 60% by weight of n-alkanes and branched-alkanes. Preferably, the collector is used with a polyglycol ether "frother".

Abstract: The froth flotation of coal in the presence of a condensate of an alkanolamine with at least about 0.8 equivalent of a fatty acid improves the separation of carbonaceous solids possessing relatively high heat value from ash and other inert mineral matter. Flotation in the presence of this condensate is particularly effective to enhance the recovery of oxidized bituminous coal.

Abstract: The invention provides a new and improved process for beneficiating ores which comprises a single cationic float using an etherdiamine as the cationic collector following washing the feed with aqueous alkali metal silicate.

Abstract: A method of increasing the yield of coal undergoing a concentration treatment of froth flotation by using as the collector an alkyl phenol formaldehyde condensate product having 4-5 phenolic nuclei with the alkyl group of said phenol having between 4-15 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An improved method for concentration of nickel, cobalt, and bismuth minerals from their ores by froth flotation process which comprises; subjecting a sufficiently fine sized ore of nickel, or cobalt, or bismuth metals in the presence of nitrosoguanidine cyclohexanol or pyridil ketoxime cyclohexanol, or phenethylcyclohexanedioxime, pr pyridil ketoxime, nitrosoguanidine; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and recovery of nickel, and cobalt, and bismuth minerals from distinct mineral slurry of said metal values.

Abstract: Sodium diethyl dithiophosphate and sodium ethyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.S-allyl-S'-n-butyl trithiocarbonate and N,N-dimethyl-S-benzyl dithiocarbamate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.Sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium n-butyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of lead.

Abstract: A process for rutile flotation from rutile ores associated with iron containing components, in which process an alcoholic solution is employed of N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine as a flotation collector of rutile. This process is especially suitable for rutile separation by flotation from rutile-hematite ores, with the use of said selective collector at pH values between 1 and 2.5.

Abstract: A sequential flotation process for the recovery of high-grade concentrates of copper, lead and cobalt-nickel from sulfide ores is provided. A primary grind ore pulp is conditioned with SO.sub.2 as H.sub.2 SO.sub.3 under intense aeration, and the conditioned pulp subjected to sequential flotation, with regrinding and conditioning of a copper rougher concentrate obtained in the first flotation step for copper.

Abstract: Flotation aids and a process for the flotation of non-sulfidic minerals. The flotation aids have the formula ##STR1## wherein R repesents an aliphatic, cyclic, or alicyclic C.sub.7 -C.sub.23 radical, optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, carbonyl, ether, or thioether groups; X.sup.n+ is hydrogen or a water-solubilizing, salt-forming cation; and n is the valence of X. The invention also relates to ore suspensions and mineral concentrates in association with the above flotation aids.

Abstract: A batch process including a circulating reactor and an agitated reactor for the production of dialkyl xanthogen formates, including means to increase yields of products, inhibiting chloroformate hydrolysis, suppress production of xanthic anhydride as a byproduct, and generally control product/byproduct yields based on intended use. Certain product mixtures are particularly useful as flotation reagents, specifically collectors in the flotation of molybdenum-bearing copper ores, where molybdenum recovery has been increased by more than 10% without adverse effects on copper recovery.

Abstract: A reagent and a method for using the reagent for treating a solid material disposed in a liquid medium and having an oxygen-controlled surface condition. The reagent includes a liquid hydrocarbon, a reducing material and an activator material. The liquid hydrocarbon has a specific gravity different from the specific gravity of the liquid medium. The reducing material is present in an amount sufficient to establish a reducing environment around the solid material for breaking the oxygen control on the surface of the solid material. The activator material is present in an amount sufficient to establish an electrostatic charge on the solid material after the oxygen-controlled surface condition has been broken. A more specific feature of the invention is directed to the method of flotation of extremely fine bituminous coal having an oxygen-controlled surface condition. The reagent is useful in froth flotation processes and in bath flotation and separation processes.

Abstract: Froth flotation of oxidized coal in the presence of certain imidazoline or imidazolinium salts improves both the selectivity and recovery attained. Imidazolines found particularly efficacious are those bearing a fatty alkyl group in the 2- position and an N-aminoethyl or N-hydroxyethyl group. Preferred imidazolinium salts are those corresponding to the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.22 alkyl or alkenyl group.

Abstract: A blend of certain xanthates with mercaptan/glycol combinations produce collector compositions which yield improved results in ore flotation.

Abstract: An improved method in concentration of zirconium ores and minerals by froth flotation process which comprises subjecting a sufficiently fine sized ore of zirconium metal in the presence of phenethylglycolic acid or its sodium salt; or the like alkyl substituted phenylglycolic acid; the indicated compound provide selectivity and recovery of zirconium minerals over silica and silicate gangue.

Abstract: The present invention specifies an esterified dicarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.I is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7-21 carbon atoms, R.sup.II is a hydrocarbon radical with 2-6 carbon atoms and A is an alkylene oxide group derived from an alkylene oxide with 2-4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are compounds in which A relates to a group derived from ethylene oxide and in which R.sup.II is --CH.dbd.CH-- or the phenylene group --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --. The compound exhibits selective properties when used in the flotation of oxide and salt type minerals.

Abstract: Process for treating by reverse flotation phosphate ores of the carbonate or silico-carbonate gangue type. It includes the steps of:(1) conditioning of the ore in a manner known per se with a product acting to depress the phosphate compounds,(2) treatment of the conditioned ore step (1) with a collector essentially comprising a phosphoric ester,(3) flotation of the carbonates, this leading to a flotation residue which contains the phosphate compounds and, if so required, in the case where the starting compound is of the silico-carbonate gangue type,(4) conditioning of said flotation residue by a cationic collector, the possibly present silicates being thus separated by flotation.The process permits benification of the phosphate ores by a treatment wholly carried out in sea-water.

Abstract: Dithiocarbonic acid, trithiocarbonic acid, water soluble salts of dithiocarbonic acid or trithiocarbonic acid or mixtures thereof when contacted with a mixed sulfide ore effectively depresses copper and iron sulfides thereby permitting molybdenite to be recovered by froth flotation. In copper concentrates produced by a flotation process, the organic collector reagents adhering to the surface of the copper and iron sulfides may be, and preferably are, stripped by conventional physical or chemical means prior to contacting the copper concentrate with the trithiocarbonate depressants of the invention. However, the trithiocarbonates of the invention have been found to be effective depressants of copper and iron sulfides in concentrates which are not stripped prior to treatment with the depressant.

Abstract: Fulvene and hydrocarbyl substituted fulvenes are disclosed as mineral collectors for ore flotation processes, particularly for molybdenum sulfide recovery.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mercaptan, an imidazoline and a frother has been found to synergistically increase gold recovery over the recovery achievable with mercaptan and imidazoline alone.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a primary-branched aliphatic ether monoamine, 3-nonyloxypropylmonoamine, its ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives and partial acid salts thereof, as a major or minor constituent in the formulation of superior silica flotation collectors. Such collectors are employed in the separation of silica from iron ore, phosphate, and other valuable ores.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enrichment process, by flotation, of sedimentary ores containing phosphate, and comprising a gangue of the carbonated type and in some cases a gangue of the siliceous type, wherein an amphoteric product of formula ##STR1## is at least used as collecting agent, in which formula: R is of form R.sub.1 or R.sub.1 O--, R.sub.1 being a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical, either linear or branched, and comprising between 5 and 19 carbon atoms.R' and R" are H or --Aq--Z, bearing in mind that for R", when n is greater than 1, there can be in the molecule simultaneously radicals H and radicals --Aq--Z.Ap and Aq are polymethylene chains containing between 1 and 4 carbon atoms,n is a number equal to O or an integer between 1 and 5,Z is a radical selected from the carboxylic, the sulphonic and the phosphonic radicals, and in obtaining the flotation of the carbonated gangue by a reverse flotation in "basic medium .

Abstract: Recovery of copper and iron from ores is enhanced by adding beta-mercaptoethanol as a depressant to a froth flotation process. Flotation of sulfides of zinc and lead is reduced.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of molybdenum and copper values from an ore comprising the same is provided which comprises employing an oxazine compound as a collection agent.

Abstract: Dialkyl xanthogen formates are known collectors, but the reaction that produces them, between an alkaline alkyl xanthate and an alkaline chloroformate, also causes side reactions which produce varying amounts of xanthic anhydride, carbonyl sulfide and dialkyl carbonate as by-products, and yield of formate may be as low as 30%. There are here disclosed processing schemes for controlling the amount and type of products and by-products produced in the reaction, and flotation tests show that certain product mixtures are significantly improved collectors for sulfide ores.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of mineral values by froth flotation in an aqueous medium employing a novel frother. Frothers prepared by Michael addition between alpha, beta-unsaturated ethylenic compounds and either alcohols, amines or mercaptans or by the condensation of HCN, aldehydes/ketones with either alcoholics, amines or mercaptans have been found to be effective in the froth flotation system and capable of reducing the required collector consumption.

Abstract: A collector for use in concentrating metal values in ores by flotation, said collector comprising a synergistic mixture of O-isopropyl N-ethylthionocarbamate and O-isobutyl N-methylthionocarbamate. Ore dressing flotation methods wherein said mixture serves as collector are also provided.

Abstract: Method for enhancing the removal of particles from a particle-laden gas stream utilizing an electrostatic precipitator, which comprises treating the gas with morpholine or derivatives thereof. Treated particles are found to also have desirable flow characteristics. Particularly effective compositions for the purpose comprise a combination of the morpholine, or derivative thereof, with an electrostatic precipitator efficiency enhancer, and in particular an alkanolamine.

Abstract: A method for separating the exinite group macerals from the total coal by froth flotation in the presence of at least one short chain alcohol frothing agent and at least one methyl polyglycol type frothing agent in a first froth flotation zone to produce an exinite and other coal maceral-rich stream which is thereafter subjected to froth flotation in a second froth flotation zone in the presence of a short chain alcohol frothing agent to produce an exinite group maceral-rich stream and a stream rich in other coal macerals with the exinite-rich stream thereafter being mixed with an additional quantity of a short chain alcohol frothing agent and passed to a third froth flotation zone to produce an exinite group maceral group concentrate stream which is thereafter processed to produce a particulate exinite maceral group concentrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to ureylene prepared by reacting an oxyalkylated polyamine with urea and to uses of such ureylene for example in removing oils, solids, and combinations thereof from aqueous systems, etc.

Abstract: An extender oil characterized as having a viscosity at 100.degree. F. in a range of about 40 to about 250 SUS and an aromatic content in the range of about 60 to about 85 wt % of the total collector composition of which about 10 to about 20 wt % of the total collector composition is chosen from among benzothiophenes and dibenzothiophenes. The above-described extender oil blended with the tall oil in a ratio of tall oil to extender oil in a range of about 75 wt %: to about 25 wt % to about 25 wt %:about 75 wt %. The extender oil described above blended with a fatty amine in a ratio of fatty amine to extender oil in a range of about 50 wt %:50 wt % to about 10 wt %:90 wt %. The flotation process for recovering phosphates and/or potash employing the compositions described above.

Abstract: A reagent and a method for using the reagent for treating a solid material disposed in a liquid medium and having an oxygen-controlled surface condition. The reagent includes a liquid hydrocarbon, a reducing material and an activator material. The liquid hydrocarbon such as mineral oil has a specific gravity different from the specific gravity of the liquid medium. The reducing material such as phosphorous pentasulfide is present in an amount sufficient to establish a reducing environment around the solid material for breaking the oxygen control on the surface of the solid material. The activator material such as zinc thiophosphate is present in an amount sufficient to establish an electrostatic charge on the solid material after the oxygen-controlled surface condition has been broken. A more specific feature of the invention is directed to the method of flotation of extremely fine bituminous coal having an oxygen-controlled surface condition.

Abstract: Beneficiation of metallic oxide ores by froth flotation process using polyhydroxy fatty acids collector-frothers in the presence of silica, silicates, and the like gangue minerals to obtain pure concentrates of desired metal values; comprises, adding to a water suspension of finely divided ore material of polyhydroxy fatty acids to collect the metal value, leaving unaffected gangue minerals.

Abstract: A method of beneficiating ore containing barite by a froth flotation process. C.sub.8-34 alpha olefin sulfonates and salts thereof are the active component in compositions which are effective barite collectors and frothers. Additionally, the alpha olefin sulfonates can be admixed with C.sub.8-34 alkyl sulfates, salts thereof, tall oil fatty acids, salts thereof, mahogany petroleum sulfonates, salts thereof, sulfosuccinamates, salts thereof, as well as with admixtures of these compounds to achieve compositions which are efficient barite collectors and frothers.

Abstract: Low molecular weight compolymers and terpolymers of the general structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a methyl radical, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or COOM and M is a hydrogen, alkali metal cation or ammonium ion, exhibit excellent depressive action in the flotation of non-sulfide mineral ores thereby resulting in improved selectivity and recovery. The low molecular weight copolymers and terpolymers, perform depressing action without resulting in any associated flocculation in the flotation system. These copolymers and terpolymers can be combined with other known depressing agents in nonsulfide ore flotation processes such as starch, dextrin, water soluble gum and the like, to obtain equivalent or improved selectivity and recovery than would be obtained using these depressants alone.

Abstract: A printed waste paper de-inking composition for use in the "washing" process is disclosed containing:(A) a salt of a fatty acid present in an amount of between 15% and 32% based upon the weight of the entire composition;(B) a nonionic ethoxylated and/or propoxylated surfactant present in an amount between 5% and 25% based upon the weight of the entire composition;(C) an anionic surfactant represented by sulphonates or sulphates present in an amount of between 2% and 8% based upon the weight of the entire composition;(D) a sodium carboxylmethylcellulose in an amount of between 1% and 5% based upon the weight of the entire composition; and(E) an alkaline inorganic salt of the group comprising metasilicate, disilicate, carbonate, borate and polyphosphates, the alkaline inorganic salt present in an amount of between 30% and 80% based upon the weight of the entire composition; the percentages of the components (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) totaling essentially 100%An improved "washing" process for de-inking printed

Abstract: A process for the froth flotation of calcium phosphate-containing minerals is provided which comprises carrying out the flotation in the presence of an amphoteric flotation agent having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is a hydrocarbon group having from about seven to about twenty-four carbon atoms;A is an oxyalkylene group having from two to about four carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon groups having from one to about four carbon atoms;Y.sup.- is selected from the group consisting of COO.sup.- and SO.sub.3.sup.- ;n is a number from 0 to 1;p is a number from 0 to 5;q is a number from 1 to 2;and salts thereof.

Abstract: There is described a process for separating from a mixture of mineral components at least one of the components. The process comprises the steps of (a) dispersing the mixture of mineral components in water so as to form an aqueous suspension containing said mixture of mineral components, (b) mixing together said aqueous suspension and a non-polar organic liquid in which there has been dissolved or suspended an anionic collector for at least one of the components of the mixture of mineral components, the volume ratio of said aqueous suspension to non-polar organic liquid being controlled and the conditions under which said aqueous suspension and non-polar organic liquid are mixed together being such that only a small amount of energy is dissipated therein in a short time in order to effect the mixing together thereof and one liquid is uniformly dispersed in the other but a stable emulsion is not formed and (c) thereafter separating, or allowing to separate, the two liquid phases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for stabilizing an aqueous tertiary di-(.beta.-hydroxy organo) amine oxide which comprises incorporating therein a stabilizing proportion of an amine oxide salt which is the reaction product of a tertiary amine oxide and a protic acid.

Abstract: An improved froth flotation process wherein preselected particles are selectively separated under froth flotation conditions as a froth phase from remaining feed particles as an aqueous phase in the presence of an anionic collector. Such improvement is characterized by the addition of an effective proportion of a promoter. The promoter is characterized as an amine oxide promoter. Preferred feed particles are phosphate ore particles.

Abstract: The title compositions exhibit superior efficacy as conditioners in the flotation of coal. These compositions are prepared by condensing diethanolamine with a C.sub.10 -C.sub.24 fatty acid in a molar ratio of 1:2 and then introducing one-half the equimolar amount, relative to the condensate, of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanoic acid.

Abstract: An anionic flotation agent comprising naturally derived fatty acids and, as a promoter, a sulfonated ethoxylated alcohol provides improved beneficiation and improved grade of phosphate ores by froth flotation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved froth flotation process wherein preselected solid particles are selectively separated under froth flotation conditions as a froth phase from remaining solid feed particles as an aqueous phase in the presence of a collector amine. Such improvement comprises conducting said froth flotation in the presence of an effective proportion of an amine oxide promoter. The preferred feed particles comprise sylvinite ore.

Abstract: A method of recovering copper from ores containing copper as atacamite/paratacamite by froth flotation is described which comprises utilizing as a collecting or flotation agent, a combination of two chelating agents having the formulaR--C(OH).dbd.N--OR.sup.1andR.sup.2 OCSSXwherein R is an aliphatic or aromatic group containing from 5 to 10 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an alkali metal,R.sup.2 is an alkyl group containing up to 10 carbon atoms, andX is an alkali metal.The method of the invention is useful in treating copper ores containing very small percentages by weight of copper.

Abstract: A flotation agent comprising both an aromatic hydrocarbon oil and a dihydrocarbyl trithiocarbonate improves the collecting and separating efficiency of an ore froth flotation process as compared to using any one of the ingredients of the flotation agent alone. The flotation agent and process are particularly useful for the recovery of molybdenum minerals.

Abstract: A phosphate ore flotation process subjecting a phosphate ore containing carbonate mineral impurities to froth flotation in the presence of modifying agents, said modifying agents being alkyl phosphonic acids and hydrofluoric acid, and a collector, said collector being fatty acids; collecting the phosphate and carbonate minerals as rougher concentrate from the overflow; subjecting the phosphate and carbonate mineral concentrate to a differential desorption with an acid to remove the fatty acid from the surface of the phosphate mineral; removing the separated carbonate minerals from the overflow; and recovering the phosphate values in the underflow.