Vaporization, Or Expansion, Refrigeration Or Heat Or Energy Exchange Patents (Class 252/67)
With lubricants, or warning, stabilizing or anti-corrosion agents or persistent gases (Class 252/68)
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Patent number: 6666985Abstract: A high quality lubricant for hermetically sealed domestic air conditioner and refrigerator compressors, especially those using chlorine free hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant working fluids, is provided by mixed esters of hindered polyols, most desirably pentaerythritol, with a mixture of carboxylic acids including at least some iso-pentanoic acid along with either or both of iso-nonanoic acid and dibasic acids such as adipic.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 2002Date of Patent: December 23, 2003Assignee: Cognis CorporationInventors: Nicholas E. Schnur, Eugene R. Zehler
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Patent number: 6660709Abstract: Compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and more than 5% by weight of at least one non-flammable fluoro compound, and use thereof. No figures.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 2001Date of Patent: December 9, 2003Assignee: Solvay (Societe Anonyme)Inventors: Pierre Dournel, Pierre Barthelemy
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Patent number: 6656379Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerant alternative to chlorinated freon, a conventional refrigerant, that is not inferior to chlorinated freon in refrigerant capacity, is applicable to equipment using chlorinated freon, will not be a factor causing cracking of the ozonosphere, and is well suited for maintaining the environment. The refrigerant alternative to chlorinated freon according to the present invention comprises it being obtained by mixing HFC134a (having a molecular formula of CH2FCF3) with ethyl alcohol (having a molecular formula of C2H5OH) and LPG (propane) (having a molecular formula of C2H8).Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 2001Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Nihoncontech Co., Ltd.Inventor: Yukihiro Noguchi
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Patent number: 6656891Abstract: The invention provides a refrigerating machine oil composition by which a capillary tube is hardly clogged when a hydrofluorocarbon type, a hydrocarbon type, an ether type, a carbon dioxide type or an ammonia type is used as a refrigerant. It is a refrigerating machine oil composition in which base oil containing at least one oxygen-containing synthetic oil selected from a polyvinyl ether and a polyol ester is mixed with 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total amount of the composition, of a specific polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether or 1 to 40% by weight, based on the total amount of the composition, of an alkylbenzene having a number average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2000Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shuichi Sakanoue, Masahiko Takesue, Minoru Takagi
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Patent number: 6655160Abstract: Refrigerant compositions are disclosed which comprise: (a) pentafluoroethane, octafluoropropane, trifluoromethoxydifluoromethane or hexafluoro-cyclopropane, or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of at least 35% based on the weight of the composition, (b) 1,1,1,2- or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, trifluoromethoxypentafluoroethane, 1,1,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of at least 30% by weight based on the weight of the composition and (c) n-butane or isobutane, in an amount from 1% to less than 2.3% by weight based on the weight of the composition.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2002Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Rhodia LimitedInventor: Neil Andre Roberts
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Patent number: 6656380Abstract: An article according to one embodiment of the disclosures herein includes a cooling core body, a cooling member and a super-coolable composition. The cooling core body has a core cavity therein. The cooling member disposed in the core cavity. A super-coolable composition is disposed within the core cavity encapsulating at least a portion of the cooling member.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2001Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Supachill Technologies Pty. Ltd.Inventors: Brian Wood, Allan J. Cassell
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Patent number: 6656381Abstract: The rate of water vapor sorption of an absorption cycle cooling and/or heating system using an aqueous alkali metal halide solution as the working fluid is increased by adding to the fluid an effective additive amount of at least 2 parts per million of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic ketone or aldehyde capable of increasing the rate of water vapor absorption.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2001Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Rocky ResearchInventors: Travis Chandler, Uwe Rockenfeller
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Publication number: 20030218149Abstract: Disclosed are azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, said compositions are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 22, 2003Publication date: November 27, 2003Applicant: Honeywell International, Inc., Morristown, NJInventors: Rajiv R. Singh, Hang T. Pham, David P. Wilson
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Patent number: 6652769Abstract: The development of a substitutable refrigerant composition that enables a conventional refrigerating circuit to maintain its performance without changing the circuit configuration has been demanded. An object of the present invention is to provide such a refrigerant composition and a refrigerating circuit using it. A refrigerant composition of the present invention is characterized by comprising R600 (n-butane: CH3CH2CH2CH3), R125 (CHF2CF3), R508A (R23/R116: 39/61), and R14 (tetrafluoromethane: CF4).Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2001Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Assignee: Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Inventor: Jiro Yuzawa
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Patent number: 6649079Abstract: There is provided a composition of refrigerant mixtures for low back pressure condition, comprising isobutane, 1,1-difluoroethane and, optionally, additive selected from the group consisting of carbon oxide, trifluoromethyl iodide and mixture thereof. The composition according to the present invention is environment-friendly and can be directly drop in the conventional refrigerator system adopting CFC-12 refrigerant without any systemic change.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2003Date of Patent: November 18, 2003Assignee: ACM TechInventor: Seung-Yon Cho
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Publication number: 20030209688Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that are useful for compatibilizing a conventional, non-polar, compression refrigeration lubricant and a hydrofluorocarbon and/or hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerant in a compression refrigeration apparatus. Additionally, these compositions promote efficient return of lubricant from the non-compressor zones to the compressor zones of the aforesaid refrigeration apparatus.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 6, 2002Publication date: November 13, 2003Inventors: Robert A. Lee, Walter Mahler, Leo Ernest Manzer
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Publication number: 20030205691Abstract: An apparatus and method wherein ozone layer-damaging dichlorodifluoromethane is substituted with a mix of less environmentally damaging refrigerants chlorodifluoroethane and tetrafluoroethane in dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. While less environmentally damaging than dichlorodifluoromethane, the substitute refrigerant has a temperature-pressure relationship similar to that of dichlorodifluoromethane, making the substitute refrigerant suitable for use with dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. The substitute refrigerant can be used alone or in combination with dichlorodifluoromethane. In either event, it is mixed with a relatively small percentage of a hydrophobic lubricating oil which is compatible with both the substitute refrigerant and with dichlorodifluoromethane.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 20, 2003Publication date: November 6, 2003Inventor: Harrison M. Weber
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Patent number: 6641752Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of compositions which include fluoroethane, 2-fluoropropane or tert-butylfluoride. These compositions are useful as pure components or with at least one of tetrafluoroethane, difluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, a hydrocarbon or dimethylether. These compositions are useful as aerosol propellants, refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2001Date of Patent: November 4, 2003Assignee: E. I. Du Pont De Nemours and CompanyInventors: Vinci Martinez Felix, Barbara Haviland Minor, Allen Capron Sievert
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Publication number: 20030201420Abstract: There are disclosed refrigeration working fluid compositions comprising tetrafluoroethane refrigerants and certain polyol esters of C7-C10 branched alkanoic acids or mixtures of such branched acids with linear C7-C10 monoalkanoic acids. The polyols are mono-, di- or technical grade pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane; the esters exhibit suitable viscosity ranges and miscibility with refrigerants over a broad compositional range. The acids have a defined average effective carbon chain length and a certain degree of methyl branching for polyols other than trimethylolpropane.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 28, 2003Publication date: October 30, 2003Inventors: Richard Henry Schlosberg, David Wayne Turner, Shlomo Antika, Martin Anthony Krevalis
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Patent number: 6638987Abstract: This invention provides azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane-245fa and water that are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2002Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignee: Honeywell International, Inc.Inventors: Mary C. Bogdan, Gary M. Knopeck, Hang T. Pham, Rajiv R. Singh, David Dressel, David J. Williams
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Patent number: 6637236Abstract: A refrigerating device circulating R32 in a refrigerant circuit as a refrigerant to perform a refrigerating cycle, the refrigerating device comprising a compressor in the refrigerant circuit, a first heat exchanger serving as a condenser, an expansion means and a second heat exchanger serving as an evaporator, wherein a ratio m of an internal volume (Vout) of the first heat exchanger to an internal volume (Vin) of the second heat exchanger is set to be in a range of 0.7≦m≦1.5.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 2002Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignee: Daikin Industries, Ltd.Inventor: Shigeharu Taira
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Publication number: 20030199599Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and water, said compositions are environmentally desirable for use as blowing agents for polymer foam, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 16, 2002Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventors: Mary C. Bogdan, Hang T. Pham, David J. Williams, Leslie Bement, Ronald Riegal, Rajiv R. Singh, Kane D. Cook, Gary M. Knopeck
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Publication number: 20030198847Abstract: The present invention relates generally to heat transfer compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to heat transfer compositions with high electrical resistance for use in power-generating equipment or in engines. Such compositions are particularly useful in fuel cell assemblies.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 19, 2003Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventors: Carol S. Jeffcoate, Aleksei V. Gershun, Peter M. Woyciesjes, Filipe J. Marinho
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Publication number: 20030197149Abstract: A refrigerant composition that can be a substitute for chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) comprises: (a) a first constituent of difluoromethane, (b) a second constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, (c) a third constituent of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and (d) a fourth constituent selected from the group consisting of 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluropropane and butane.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 19, 2002Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventors: Byung-Gwon Lee, Jong-Sung Lim, Byoung Sung Ahn, Kun You Park, Chang-Nyeon Kim
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Patent number: 6635686Abstract: This invention provides azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane-245fa and 2-methylbutane that are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2002Date of Patent: October 21, 2003Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventors: Mary C. Bogdan, Hang T. Pham, David J. Williams, Gary M. Knopeck, Rajiv R. Singh
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Patent number: 6635187Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing compositions including (a) a compound selected from the group consisting of CHF2CF3, CHF2CHF2, CH2FCF3, CH3CF3, CH3CHF2, CH2FCF2CHF2 and CHF2CF2CF2CHF2 and (b) at least one saturated halogenated hydrocarbon and/or ether having the formula: CnH2n+2-a-bClaFbOc wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4, a is an integer from 0 to 2n+1, b is an integer from 1 to 2n+2-a, and c is 0 or 1, provided that when c is 1 then n is an integer from 2 to 4, and provided that component (b) does not include the selected component (a) compound, wherein the molar ratio of component (b) to component (a) is between about 1:99 and a molar ratio of HF to component (a) in an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition of component (a) with HF.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2000Date of Patent: October 21, 2003Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Barry A. Mahler, V. N. Mallikarjuna Rao, Allen Capron Sievert
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Patent number: 6631625Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a refrigeration heat exchanger section useful in circulating a substantially non-HCFC refrigerant mixture which comprises: a compressor means, an auxiliary condenser, a first condenser, a second condenser, a third condenser, a subcooler and a liquid/gas separator, wherein a subcooled refrigerant liquid mixture taken as bottoms from the liquid/gas separator is distributed and expanded by a first expansion means and a second expansion means to form first and second expanded streams, respectively, such that the first expanded stream is returned to the auxiliary condenser and compressor in order to avoid overheating of the compressor.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 2002Date of Patent: October 14, 2003Assignee: GSLE Development Corporation (DE Corp)Inventor: Chuan Weng
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Patent number: 6632376Abstract: This invention relates to compositions that include at least one fluoroether and at least one hydrofluorocarbon. Included in this invention are compositions of a cyclic or acyclic hydrofluoroether of the formula CaFbH2a+2−bOc wherein a=2 or 3 and 3≦b≦8 and c=1 or 2 and a hydrofluorocarbon of the formula CnFmH2n+2−m wherein 1≦n≦4 and 1≦m≦8. Such compositions may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2002Date of Patent: October 14, 2003Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Diana Lynn Klug, Barbara Haviland Minor, Donna Marie Patron, Tuneen Chisolm-Carter, Allen Capron Sievert
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Patent number: 6627106Abstract: Thermal energy in the form of heat of phase transformation can be stored in a ternary salt mixture of the formula: ANO3+LiNO3+Mg(NO3)2.6H2O.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 2000Date of Patent: September 30, 2003Assignee: Merck Patent GmbHInventors: Natascha Lotz, Mark Neuschütz
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Publication number: 20030178597Abstract: There is provided a composition of refrigerant mixtures for low back pressure condition, comprising isobutane, 1,1-difluoroethane and, optionally, additive selected from the group consisting of carbon oxide, trifluoromethyl iodide and mixture thereof. The composition according to the present invention is environment-friendly and can be directly drop in the conventional refrigerator system adopting CFC-12 refrigerant without any systemic change.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 5, 2003Publication date: September 25, 2003Inventor: Seung-Yon Cho
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Publication number: 20030158276Abstract: The invention relates to the addition of &agr;-methyl styrene, isobutanol and/or isopropanol to reduce vapor pressure, improve k-factor, enhance the solubility of the blowing agent in the premix and/or improve the processing characteristics of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate closed-cell foams prepared with a blowing agent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, and mixtures thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2003Publication date: August 21, 2003Inventors: Mary Charlotte Bogdan, Leslie Bruce Bement, Barbara Ruth Decaire, Dennis Paul Konopa, Harold John Kieta, Rajiv Ratna Singh
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Publication number: 20030141481Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising pentafluoropropane, a second component selected from the group consisting of decafluoropropane, perfluorobutyl methyl ether and combinations of these, and a third component selected from the group consisting of methanol, 1,2-trans-dichloroethylene and combinations of these. The present invention further provides for refrigerants, blowing agents, foam compositions, polyol premixes, closed-cell foams, sprayable compositions, and the like, comprising the present compositions.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 17, 2002Publication date: July 31, 2003Inventors: Guillermo J. Hitters, Kane D. Cook, Gary M. Knopeck, Hang T. Pham, Ian R. Shankland, Rajiv R. Singh
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Patent number: 6592773Abstract: A novel refrigerant composition useful as a substitute for HCFC-22, comprising a first constituent of difluoromethane (CH2F2, HFC-32); a second constituent of pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF3, HFC-125); a third constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3, HFC-143a); a fourth constituent selected from the group consisting of cyclopropane (C3H6, RC-270), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (CF3CHFCF3, HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (CH3CF2CF3, HFC-245cb), isobutane (CH(CH3)2CH3, R-600a), octafluorocyclobutane (C4F8, RC-318), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CHF2CHFCF3, HFC-236ea), butane (C4H10, R-600), bis(difluoromethyl)ether (CHF2OCHF2, HFE-134) and pentafluoroethylmethylether (CF3CF2OCH3, HFE-245).Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2003Date of Patent: July 15, 2003Assignee: Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyInventors: Byung Gwon Lee, Jong Sung Lim, Kun You Park, Moon Jo Chung, Seong Joon Cho
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Patent number: 6592774Abstract: A novel refrigerant composition useful as a substitute for HCFC-22, comprising a first constituent of difluoromethane (CH2F2, HFC-32); a second constituent of pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF3, HFC-125); a third constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3, HFC-143a); a fourth constituent selected from the group consisting of cyclopropane (C3H6, RC-270), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (CF3CHFCF3, HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (CH3CF2CF3, HFC-245cb), isobutane (CH(CH3)2CH3, R-600a), octafluorocyclobutane (C4F8, RC-318), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CHF2CHFCF3, HFC-236ea), butane (C4H10, R-600), bis(difluoromethyl)ether (CHF2OCHF2, HFE-134) and pentafluoroethylmethylether (CF3CF2OCH3, HFE-245).Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 2003Date of Patent: July 15, 2003Assignee: Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyInventors: Lee Byung Gwon, Lim Jong Sung, Park Kun You, Chung Moon Jo, Cho Seong Joon
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Publication number: 20030127622Abstract: A lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerator includes, as a main component, a polyoxyalkyleneglycol derivative represented by the general formula:Type: ApplicationFiled: September 12, 2002Publication date: July 10, 2003Inventors: Yasuhiro Kawaguchi, Nobuaki Shimizu, Masato Kaneko, Hiroshi Nagakawa
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Publication number: 20030122103Abstract: A process for the manufacture of CF3CF═CF2 is disclosed. The process involves contacting 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane with at least 0.1 mole of hydrogen in a reaction vessel of titanium, nickel or iron or their alloys, which is either empty or packed with particles or formed shapes of titanium, nickel or iron or their alloys, at a temperature within the range of from about 350° C. to about 600° C. and for a time sufficient to produce hexafluoropropene. Also disclosed are compositions which comprise hydrogen fluoride in combination with an effective amount of CClF2CClFCF3 to form an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition with hydrogen fluoride. The compositions contain from about 8.7 to 33.6 mole percent CClF2CClFCF3.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 14, 2003Publication date: July 3, 2003Inventors: Allen Capron Sievert, V.N. Mallikarjuna Rao
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Patent number: 6586488Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group n-pentane, iso-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and iso-hexane are provided. The compositions of the invention are useful in the preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1997Date of Patent: July 1, 2003Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventor: Ian Robert Shankland
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Patent number: 6582621Abstract: A refrigerator oil for use in compressors using therein a hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon as a refrigerant, consisting essentially of as a base oil at least one kind of an ester selected from the group consisting of a specific pentaerythritol ester such as an ester of pentaerythritol with a mono- or dicarboxylic acid, a specific polyol ester such as an ester of trimethylolethane with a mono- or dicarboxylic acid, a specific ester such as an ester of ethylene glycol and a dicarboxylic acid, and a specific polyol ester synthesized from a neopentyl type polyhydric alcohol, a monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid; and further comprising at least one kind of an epoxy compound.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1995Date of Patent: June 24, 2003Assignee: Nippon Mitsubishi Oil CorporationInventors: Umekichi Sasaki, Tatsuyuki Ishikawa, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Noboru Ishida
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Publication number: 20030111636Abstract: A novel refrigerant composition useful as a substitute for HCFC-22, comprising a first constituent of difluoromethane (CH2F2, HFC-32); a second constituent of pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF3, HFC-125); a third constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3, HFC-143a); a fourth constituent selected from the group consisting of cyclopropane (C3H6, RC-270), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (CF3CHFCF3, HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (CH3CF2CF3, HFC-245cb), isobutane (CH(CH3)2CH3, R-600a), octafluorocyclobutane (C4F8, RC-318), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CHF2CHFCF3, HFC-236ea), butane (C4H10, R-600), bis(difluoromethyl)ether (CHF2OCHF2, HFE-134) and pentafluoroethylmethylether (CF3CF2OCH3, HFE-245).Type: ApplicationFiled: January 9, 2003Publication date: June 19, 2003Applicant: KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: Lee Byung Gwon, Lim Jong Sung, Park Kun You, Chung Moon Jo, Cho Seong Joon
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Publication number: 20030111637Abstract: Reaction mixtures that include exothermic generating particles having a water soluble coating encasing a portion of the particles, a volatile component and, optionally an aqueous solution, and a buffer. The reaction mixtures are especially suited to generate heat in a controllable manner. In one such controlled reaction, the reaction components are mixed together and the mixture increases in temperature to a Set Temperature within a predetermined time, and the mixture remains at the Set Temperature for a longer period of time. In this manner, volatile components can be controllably released to the surrounding environment. The volatile components can be, for example, a perfume, a fragrance, an insect repellent, a fumigant, a disinfectant, a bactericide, an insecticide, a pesticide, a germicide, an acaricide, a sterilizer, a deodorizer, a fogging agent and mixtures of these. Apparatuses and methods that use these reaction mixtures are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2003Publication date: June 19, 2003Applicant: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Yu-jun Li, Mark Hsiang-Kuen Mao, Haruo Tamura
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Publication number: 20030111635Abstract: A novel refrigerant composition useful as a substitute for HCFC-22, comprising a first constituent of difluoromethane (CH2F2, HFC-32); a second constituent of pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF3, HFC-125); a third constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3, HFC-143a); a fourth constituent selected from the group consisting of cyclopropane (C3H6, RC-270), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (CF3CHFCF3, HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (CH3CF2CF3, HFC-245cb), isobutane (CH(CH3)2CH3, R-600a), octafluorocyclobutane (C4F8, RC-318), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CHF2CHFCF3, HFC-236ea), butane (C4H10, R-600), bis(difluoromethyl)ether (CHF2OCHF2, HFE-134) and pentafluoroethylmethylether (CF3CF2OCH3, HFE-245).Type: ApplicationFiled: January 8, 2003Publication date: June 19, 2003Applicant: KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: Byung Gwon Lee, Jong Sung Lim, Kun You Park, Moon Jo Chung, Seong Joon Cho
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Patent number: 6576153Abstract: This invention relates to hydrofluorocarbons useful in refrigeration and heat pump applications. The invention provides hydrofluorocarbons selected from the group of 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane, and mixtures thereof that are environmentally suitable replacements for chlorofluorocarbons in refrigeration applications such as multi-stage centrifugal chillers.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 2001Date of Patent: June 10, 2003Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventors: H. Michael Hughes, Mark W. Spatz, Rajiv Ratna Singh
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Patent number: 6574973Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of at least three different components, including a fluorinated ether with at least one of a second fluorinated ether, an ether and a fluorinated hydrocarbon. Also, methods for cooling a body include compressing such a refrigerant composition and bringing the body into heat transfer relation to it. The disclosed refrigerant compounds have refrigerant-significant properties similar to those of R-22, and they can be employed in place of or as drop-in substitutes in refrigeration apparatus designed for R-22 application.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2000Date of Patent: June 10, 2003Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.Inventors: Darryl D. DesMarteau, Adolph L. Beyerlein, Ismail Kul
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Publication number: 20030102456Abstract: Refrigerant compositions are disclosed which comprise: (a) pentafluoroethane, octafluoropropane, trifluoromethoxydifluoromethane or hexafluoro-cyclopropane, or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of at least 35% based on the weight of the composition, (b) 1,1,1,2- or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, trifluoromethoxypentafluoroethane, 1,1,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of at least 30% by weight based on the weight of the composition and (c) n-butane or isobutane, in an amount from 1% to less than 2.3% by weight based on the weight of the composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 30, 2002Publication date: June 5, 2003Inventor: Neil Andre Roberts
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Patent number: 6565766Abstract: An apparatus and method wherein ozone layer-damaging dichlorodifluoromethane is substituted with a mix of less environmentally damaging refrigerants chlorodifluoroethane and tetrafluoroethane in dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. While less environmentally damaging than dichlorodifluoromethane, the substitute refrigerant has a temperature-pressure relationship similar to that of dichlorodifluoromethane, making the substitute refrigerant suitable for use with dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. The substitute refrigerant can be used alone or in combination with dichlorodifluoromethane. In either event, it is mixed with a relatively small percentage of a hydrophobic lubricating oil which is compatible with both the substitute refrigerant and with dichlorodifluoromethane.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1999Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Inventor: Harrison M. Weber, III
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Patent number: 6560981Abstract: A standard refrigeration pressure regulating valve limits the minimum temperature produced by a refrigeration process, which uses a refrigerant mixture including at least two components whose normal boiling points differ by at least 50C. Limiting the lowest temperature prevents freezout of the individual refrigerant.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2001Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Assignee: IGC-Polycold Systems Inc.Inventor: Kevin Flynn
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Patent number: 6557358Abstract: Methods and apparatus for non-hydrocarbon design of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems, which are particularly suited a non-hydrocarbon ultra-low temperature refrigeration system that can safely be transported and applied in the field as needed without the risks associated with hydrocarbon ultra-low temperature refrigeration system are disclosed. An application of the non-hydrocarbon design of ultra-low temperature refrigeration system method and apparatus to freezers and the like is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2001Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Kendro Laboratory Products, Inc.Inventors: Chuan Weng, Allan Kelly
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Publication number: 20030083220Abstract: Chemical solvating, degreasing, stripping and cleaning agents. The agents are cleaning and solvating mixtures of mono brominated compounds with highly fluorinated compounds and/or other agents that improve and enhance the properties of the original mixture. The addition of these agents to the composition will modify the physical and/or cleaning characteristics of the monobrominated compound and/or monobrominated compound-fluorinated compound mixture to accomplish is desired cleaning or solvating task. These other agents are one or more of the following materials: alcohols, esters, ethers, cyclic ethers, ketones, alkanes, terpenes, dibasic esters, glycol ethers, pyrollidones, or low or non ozone depleting chlorinated and chlorinated/fluorinated hydrocarbons.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 10, 2002Publication date: May 1, 2003Applicant: Kyzen CorporationInventors: Kyle Doyel, Michael Bixenman, Scotty Sengsavang, Arthur Thompson, Valerie Porter, Patricia Overstreet, Kristie Gholson
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Patent number: 6551524Abstract: A high quality lubricant for compressors operated during at least part of their compression cycle at temperatures above normal human comfort temperatures, such as most automotive air conditioners, especially those using chlorine free hydro-fluorocarbon refrigerant working fluids, is provided by mixed esters of hindered polyols, most desirably pentaerythritol, with a mixture of carboxylic acids including at least some iso-pentanoic acid along with one or more of iso-nonanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, and dibasic acids such as adipic. When the mixture includes about 7% adipic and amounts of branched C8-9 and C5 monobasic acids in a ratio of at least 0.75:1.00, the esters formed have excellent solubility for paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils and are therefore especially well suited for lubricating vehicle air conditioners formerly containing chlorine containing heat transfer fluids and mineral oil lubricants.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2001Date of Patent: April 22, 2003Assignee: Cognis CorporationInventor: Nicholas E. Schnur
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Patent number: 6551523Abstract: An ester blend, including an ester having neopentylglycol and a source of 2-ethylhexanoic acid as its reactive components and an ester having pentaerythritol and a source of 2-ethylhexanoic acid as its reactive components, is especially effective as a lubricant for chlorine-free fluorocarbon refrigerant heat transfer fluids, particularly Refrigerant 134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane).Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2001Date of Patent: April 22, 2003Assignee: Cognis CorporationInventor: Nicholas E. Schnur
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Patent number: 6546740Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of at least three different components, including a fluorinated sulfur-containing compound with at least one of a fluorinated ether or a fluorinated hydrocarbon. Also, methods for cooling a body include compressing such a refrigerant composition and bringing the body into heat transfer relation to it. The disclosed refrigerant compounds have refrigerant-significant properties similar to those of R-22, and they can be employed as drop-in substitutes in refrigeration apparatus designed for R-22 application.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2000Date of Patent: April 15, 2003Assignee: Clemson UniversityInventors: Darryl D. DesMarteau, Adolph L. Beyerlein, Ismail Kul
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Patent number: 6548457Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricant for a compression type refrigeration system using ammonia as a refrigerant, which comprises polyether compounds and aromatic amine compounds or phenothiazine compounds, and preferably further comprises alcohol compounds such as polyhydric alcohol partial ether and/or benzotriazole compounds. Further, the present invention provides a working fluid composition comprising the lubricant and an ammonia refrigerant, and a refrigeration system which is filled with the working fluid composition. The lubricant has not only good compatibility with ammonia, but excellent stability and lubricating property, and therefore can suitably used in a compression type refrigeration system using an ammonia refrigerant that does not have the possibility of ozone layer depletion and global warming phenomenon.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2001Date of Patent: April 15, 2003Assignee: Japan Energy CorporationInventors: Takashi Kaimai, Hitoshi Takahashi
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Publication number: 20030062508Abstract: The present invention provides hydrofluorocarbon compositions suitable for use in a wide range of applications. The compositions of the present invention tend to be soluble in hydrocarbon lubricating oils, and thus, are especially useful in replacing CFC and HCFC compositions in refrigeration applications.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 21, 2001Publication date: April 3, 2003Inventors: Rajiv R. Singh, Hang T. Pham, David P. Wilsom, David A. Metcalf
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Patent number: 6540933Abstract: A process for the manufacture of CF3CF═CF2 is disclosed. The process involves contacting 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane with at least 0.1 mole of hydrogen in a reaction vessel of titanium, nickel or iron or their alloys, which is either empty or packed with particles or formed shapes of titanium, nickel or iron or their alloys, at a temperature within the range of from about 350° C. to about 600° C. and for a time sufficient to produce hexafluoropropene. Also disclosed are compositions which comprise hydrogen fluoride in combination with an effective amount of CClF2CClFCF3 to form an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition with hydrogen fluoride. The compositions contain from about 8.7 to 33.6 mole percent CClF2CClFCF3.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 2000Date of Patent: April 1, 2003Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Allen Capron Sievert, V. N. Mallikarjuna Rao
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Publication number: 20030057396Abstract: An environmentally more benign refrigerant for replacing refrigerant R410A includes a majority portion of refrigerant R32 and a minority portion of refrigerant R134a, the volumetric capacity of the replacement refrigerant permitting it to be used as a near or exact drop-in replacement for refrigerant R410A in terms of volumetric capacity at typical air conditioning system operating conditions.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 25, 2001Publication date: March 27, 2003Inventor: Richard E. Cawley