Abstract: This invention relates to using an imidazolium bromide ionic liquid as an additive to lithium bromide in the absorbent for an absorption chiller. The imidazolium bromide ionic liquid is useful to increase the working region and to lower the risk of crystallization in an absorption chiller. The invention provides an absorption chiller comprising a mixture of a refrigerant and an absorbent, and the absorbent comprises lithium bromide and one or more imidazolium bromide ionic liquids.

Abstract: An absorption cycle apparatus including a working fluid is presented. The working fluid includes a metal halide, water and a zwitterion additive, wherein the zwitterion additive includes an amino acid, 2,2?-[(phosphonomethyl)imino]diaceticacid, 3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, or combinations thereof. A method of controlling crystallization in a working fluid of an absorption cycle apparatus is also presented.

Abstract: An ambient humidity control article for controlling the ambient humidity within 45%-55%. The article includes a substrate having a predetermined water absorbability, and a humidity control layer coated on the substrate. The amount of the composition coated on per cubic centimeter of the substrate is 0.54-0.74 grams. The composition includes at least one organic acid salt, at least one polyol and water. The count of carbon in the polyols is not greater than 5. The weight percentage of the organic acid salt and the polyols in the composition is 30.6%-58.8% and 9.3%-26.7%, respectively. The water absorption amount of the substrate is not less than 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter. The article can control the ambient humidity without the need to pre-adjust the objective space. The article has a large capacity of moisture absorption and desorption, and can quickly achieve the desired humidity.

Abstract: A heat storage system using a heat storage container includes a tubular body, a chemical heat storage material accommodated in the tubular body, and a flow channel that penetrates the tubular body in a longitudinal direction. The heat storage system includes a diffusion layer for transporting liquid from the flow channel to the chemical heat storage material. The liquid functions as a reaction medium of the chemical heat storage material. The liquid is transported to the flow channel and the diffusion layer. The liquid transported to the diffusion layer reacts with the chemical heat storage material, the chemical heat storage material generates heat, and the liquid is vaporized by the heat to become heat transport fluid.

Abstract: An immersive theater is provided having a screen oriented with respect to a pitched seating area to provide an immersive theater experience for all of the viewers. The theater can include a three-dimensional, concave shaped screen, defining a central axis that extends perpendicularly from the center point of the concave screen directed toward the seating area. The screen is oriented at a prescribed pitch angle (?) relative to the horizontal. The theater has a seating area having a plurality of seats for viewers and is set up in a stacked arrangement along a planar region and pitched at a prescribed angle (?). The seating area is further confined within a viewing area that is centered on the central axis of the screen.

Abstract: A power generator apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a heat absorber configured to absorb heat and provide the absorbed heat to a first heat transferring fluid. The first heat transferring fluid is then circulated to an evaporator. The evaporator is configured to: receive the first heat transferring fluid; facilitate heat exchange between the first heat transferring fluid and a second heat transferring fluid; and return the first heat transferring fluid to the heat absorber. The apparatus further includes a compressor configured to compress the second heat transferring fluid and use the compressed second heat transferring fluid to generate electricity. A heat recovery is used to retrieve heat and liquefy the second heat transferring fluid, and an expansion valve is used to regulate pressure of the second heat transferring fluid received from the heat recovery unit and return the second heat transferring fluid to the evaporator.

Abstract: A composition of a zeotropic mixture has a first chemical constituent and at least one second, different chemical constituent. The zeoptropic mixture has a temperature glide of 5° C.-25° C. with regard to its saturated vapor temperature and its saturated liquid temperature. The first chemical constituent is selected from 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, methyl perfluoropropyl ether, 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone.

Abstract: A process for transferring heat from a heat source to a heat sink, comprising using as heat transfer medium a composition comprising: at least one fluorinated fluid free from functional groups (fluid (H)); at least one functional (per)fluoropolyether (functional PFPE(1)) comprising recurring units (R1), said recurring units comprising at least one ether linkage in the main chain and at least one fluorine atom (fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain), and at least one functional end group chosen between —COOH and —CONH2; at least one functional (per)fluoropolyether (functional PFPE(2)) comprising recurring units (R1) as defined above and at least one functional end group chosen between —COCF3 and its hydroxylated derivative —C(OH)2CF3.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze (E), R-32 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).

Abstract: A working medium for heat cycle includes 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and a hydrofluorocarbon. A content of the hydrofluorocarbon is from 1 to 60 mass % in the working medium for heat cycle. The working medium for heat cycle preferably further includes a hydrocarbon. The hydrofluorocarbon is preferably at least one of difluoromethane, difluoroethane, trifluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, pentafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane or heptafluorocyclopentane. A heat apparatus includes the working medium for heat cycle.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), difluoromethane (R-32) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).

Abstract: A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), carbon dioxide (R-744) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), propylene, propane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) from about 45 to about 75% by weight 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf); and (ii) from about 25 to about 55% by weight 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a). A heat transfer composition comprising, optionally consisting essentially of, (i) from about 20 to about 90% by weight R-1234yf; (ii) from about 10 to about 60% by weight R-134a; and (iii) from about 1 to about 20% by weight R-32 is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a working fluid composition for a refrigerator machine comprising a base oil comprising an ether-based compound, a carbodiimide compound, and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant. The present invention also provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising a base oil containing an ether-based compound and a carbodiimide compound, the refrigerating machine oil being used together with an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising a lubricant based on polyol esters (POE) and a refrigerant F including at least 99.8 wt % 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm trifluoropropyne and between 1 and 500 ppm compounds based on 2 or 3 carbon atoms optionally including an olefinic bond.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for pre-treating a metal surface with a corrosion inhibitor prior to painting, a method for inhibiting corrosion in a cooling system, wherein the cooling system includes a metal surface and a coolant; and a method for inhibiting corrosion of a reinforcement steel in concrete wherein the method comprising the step of adding to a concrete mixture an anti-corrosive mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from propylene (R-1270), propane (R-290), n-butane (R-600), isobutane (R-600a), and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat transfer fluid, comprising a hydroxylated carboxylic acid of formula (OH)x(R1)(COOH)y, wherein x is 2 to 10, y is 3 to 10, and R1 is a C2-50 aliphatic group, a C6-50 aromatic group, or a combination thereof; and wherein the hydroxylated carboxylic acid comprises the hydroxylated carboxylic acid, an ester thereof, a salt thereof, an anhydride thereof, or a combination thereof. A heat transfer system comprises an aluminum component, a magnesium component, or an aluminum component and a magnesium component; and the foregoing heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an absorption cycle comprising a refrigerant pair comprising at least one refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid. The present invention also provides an absorption cycle that utilizes fluorocarbon gases in fluorinated ionic liquids. The present invention also provides a method of cooling using an absorption cycle comprising a refrigerant pair comprising at least one refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid. The present invention also provides a method of heating using an absorption cycle comprising a refrigerant pair comprising at least one refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid.

Abstract: A dielectric insulation medium including a hydrofluoro monoether, the hydrofluoro monoether containing at least three carbon atoms. The insulation medium according has high insulation capabilities, in particular a high dielectric strength, and at the same time a low GWP. The invention further includes an insulation medium which is chemically and thermally stable also at temperatures above 140° C., which is non-toxic or has a low toxicity level, and which in addition is non-corrosive and non-explosive.

Abstract: The invention relates to an operating medium for an absorption refrigeration device, comprising 5 to 30 wt % water and 65 to 95 wt % of a sorption agent comprising lithium bromide and at least one ionic liquid and wherein the sorption agent comprises ionic liquid and lithium bromide in a weight ratio of 0.5:1 to 5:1, having a lower friction coefficient compared to an operating medium comprising water and lithium bromide.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-Octafluoro-2-pentene with methyl formate, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, dimethoxymethane, cyclopentane or Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as propellants. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), carbon dioxide (R-744) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), propylene, propane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An adsorptive cooling system includes: a first highly adsorptive structure positioned to receive thermal energy from a thermal energy source, the first highly adsorptive structure including: a first substrate; and a first carbon aerogel adhered to the first substrate, a second highly adsorptive structure positioned to receive thermal energy from the thermal energy source, the second highly adsorptive structure including: a second substrate; and a second carbon aerogel adhered to the second substrate, a cooling unit; and a circulation system adapted for circulating the refrigerant from at least one of the first highly adsorptive structure and the second highly adsorptive structure to the cooling unit to provide cooling from the thermal energy source and to return the refrigerant from the cooling unit to at least one of the first highly adsorptive structure and the second highly adsorptive structure.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), difluoromethane (R-32) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).

Abstract: Provided herein are dielectric fluids comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R3 and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided herein are uses of dielectric fluids and electrical devices such as transformers that comprise a dielectric fluid comprising at least one estolide compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising water and at least one ionic liquid, and also to devices capable of executing an absorption cycle using such compositions as a refrigerant pair. This invention also provides a method of cooling using an absorption cycle comprising water as the refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid as the absorbent. The present invention also provides a method of heating using an absorption cycle comprising water as the refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerator oil composition which satisfies both sludge dispersibility and prevention of wear and seizing of sliding parts made of aluminum and/or iron, and a compressor and a refrigeration apparatus using the refrigerator oil composition. The refrigerator oil composition is characterized by comprising a base oil which is at least one member selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils, and at least one polyamide compound having two or more amide groups in the molecule and being present in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by mass based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for production of a clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability includes a gas supplier for supplying a gas to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound, and a cooler for cooling the aqueous solution, the apparatus producing the clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability including both the quaternary ammonium compound and the gas as guests by supplying the gas to the aqueous solution with the gas supplier in the stage of cooling with the cooler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the solubility of oils in refrigerant compositions within a system using a refrigerant compressed with a mechanical device by adding polyolester directly to the refrigerant followed by charging a mixture of the polyolester and refrigerant into the system (air conditioner, refrigerator, etc.). The present invention also relates to a method of optimizing mineral oil return in a system using a refrigerant compressed with a mechanical device and a method of cleansing heat exchange tubes of a system using a refrigerant compressed with a mechanical device by adding polyolesters directly to a refrigerant composition followed by charging a mixture of the polyolester and refrigerant into the system.

Abstract: Provided is a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerator, the refrigerator using a refrigerant which has a low global warming potential and is applicable to, in particular, current car air conditioning systems or the like, that is, the refrigerant including at least one kind of fluorine-containing organic compounds selected from compounds represented by the following molecular formula (A) or including a combination of the fluorine-containing organic compound and a saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound, CpOqFrRs??(A) where: R represents Cl, Br, I, or H; p represents an integer of 1 to 6, q represents an integer of 0 to 2, r represents an integer of 1 to 14, and s represents an integer of 0 to 13; and provided that, when q represents 0, p represents 2 to 6 and one or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds are included in molecules, in which the composition comprises a base oil including as a main component a polyvinyl ether-based compound having an alkylene glycol unit, or a polyoxyalkylene glycol unit

Abstract: This invention relates to cleaning compositions comprising unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons. The invention further relates to use of said cleaning compositions in methods to clean, degrease, deflux, dewater, and deposit fluorolubricant. The invention further relates to novel unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons and their use as cleaning compositions and in the methods listed above.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze(E), R-32 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R3 and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are uses of the compositions described herein.

Abstract: A method for cooling an internal combustion engine using a reduced toxicity, ethylene glycol and water based heat transfer fluid is provided. A heat transfer fluid is formulated comprising water and a glycol component consisting of ethylene glycol and either propylene glycol or glycerol. Propylene glycol may be provided in an amount between 5% to less than 30% of the total weight of the glycol component. Glycerol may be provided in an amount between 5% to 20% of the total weight of the glycol component. The glycol component is less toxic than 10,000 mg/kg on an acute LD50(rat) oral toxicity basis. The water comprises between 40% and 70% by weight of the total weight of the heat transfer fluid. The cooling system of the internal combustion engine is substantially filled with the heat transfer fluid such that the heat transfer fluid absorbs heat that is produced by the internal combustion engine and releases the absorbed heat to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Safe, stable, non-toxic and recyclable cooling compositions comprising solid particulate compounds that undergo an endothermic process when mixed with water such that the resulting mixture is useful for cooling surfaces, liquids and solids. The compositions always include one or more compounds from a group consisting of endothermic compounds that contain potassium; one or more compounds from a group of endothermic compounds that contain nitrogen; and at least one compound from a group consisting of ammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium pyrophosphate and ammonium metaphosphate such that the compound or mixture of compounds in this group is at least 1% by weight of the final composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions that can be used as refrigerants. More specifically, the invention relates to compositions having a very low contribution to the greenhouse effect, which can be used in the cooling and production of conditioned air. The GWP of the inventive compositions is preferably at most equal to 150.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising (a) at least one halogenated compound selected from the group consisting of C3-C5 hydrofluoroolefin, CF3I, and combinations thereof, and (b) an effective stabilizing amount of a sesquiterpene selected from the group consisting of farnesol, farnesene, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a temperature adjustment device that executes an absorption cooling or heating cycle in which a lithium halide, typically a lithium bromide, absorbent is used.

Abstract: This invention relates to a temperature adjustment device that executes an absorption cooling or heating cycle in which a lithium halide, typically a lithium bromide, absorbent is used.

Abstract: This invention relates to a temperature adjustment device that executes an absorption cooling or heating cycle in which a lithium halide, typically a lithium bromide, absorbent is used.

Abstract: A dielectric gaseous compound which exhibits the following properties: a boiling point in the range between about ?20° C. to about ?273° C.; non-ozone depleting; a GWP less than about 22,200; chemical stability, as measured by a negative standard enthalpy of formation (dHf<0); a toxicity level such that when the dielectric gas leaks, the effective diluted concentration does not exceed its PEL; and a dielectric strength greater than air.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-bromopropane and 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxy-propane, and uses thereof, are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerator oil composition which satisfies both sludge dispersibility and prevention of wear and seizing of sliding parts made of aluminum and/or iron, and a compressor and a refrigeration apparatus using the refrigerator oil composition. The refrigerator oil composition is characterized by comprising a base oil which is at least one member selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils, and at least one polyamide compound having two or more amide groups in the molecule and being present in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by mass based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil composition.

Abstract: An organic solvent which is very useful in paints is made up primarily of n-butyl acetate, n-heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone and a light hydrotreated petroleum distillate. The solvent typically has a closed cup flash point of about 50 to 75° F. The petroleum distillate typically has a boiling range from 230 to 320° F., a closed cup flash point from 35 to 75° F. and a kauri-butanol value not less than 25. A mixture of 8-carbon and 9-carbon hydrocarbons which are typically primarily paraffins or cycloparaffins typically makes up the vast majority of the petroleum distillate.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising a refrigerant and at least one ionic compound and/or non-ionic absorbent, and also to devices capable of executing an absorption cycle using such compositions as a refrigerant pair. This invention also provides methods and apparatus for cooling using an absorption cycle comprising a refrigerant, and at least one ionic compound and/or non-ionic absorbent as the absorbent.

Abstract: An adsorption heat exchanger (20) is constituted by a fin-and-tube heat exchanger. In the adsorption heat exchanger (20), a first tube column (41), a second tube column (42) and a third tube column (43) are formed in order from upstream to downstream in air flow. The adsorption heat exchanger (20) is formed of a first column part (21) including the first tube column (41), a second column part (22) including the second tube column (42) and a third column part (23) including the third tube column (43). In the adsorption heat exchanger (20), a first adsorption layer (36) is formed on the fins (30) in the first column part (21), a second adsorption layer (37) is formed on the fins (30) in the second column part (22) and a third adsorption layer (38) is formed on the fins (30) in the third column part (23). The amount of adsorbent contained in each adsorption layer increases in order of the first adsorption layer (36), the second adsorption layer (37) and the third adsorption layer (38).

Abstract: A method for suppressing an electric arc or corona discharge includes providing a device capable of storing, transmitting, or generating an electrical current or field; and enveloping at least a portion of said device with a dielectric gas consisting essentially of: sulfur hexafluoride; a second component selected from the group consisting of nitrous oxide; carbon dioxide; trifluoromethane (R32); trifluoroiodomethane; octafluoropropane (R218); 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (R125); propane (R290); 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf); 1,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234yc); 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234zc); 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234ze); 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234ye); 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye); 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225yc); 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc); (Z)1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234zeZ); (Z)1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234yeZ); (E)1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234zeE); (E)1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-12

Abstract: This invention relates to cleaning compositions comprising unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons. The invention further relates to use of said cleaning compositions in methods to clean, degrease, deflux, dewater, and deposit fluorolubricant. The invention further relates to novel unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons and their use as cleaning compositions and in the methods listed above.