Abstract: The present invention relates to stable mixtures comprising a chlorofluorohydrocarbon as a heat transfer fluid, an amide or glycol ether compound as a solvent, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate as a stabilizer. The invention also relates to the use of these mixtures as heat transfer compositions for absorption heat pumps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the application of a non aqueous fluid as heat transfer agent in cooling circuits or heat exchanger heating circuits, this application being characterized in that the non aqueous fluid comprising one or more alkleneglycol monoethers of the general formulaeR.sup.1 O(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.m Hin which m is an integer equal to 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical comprising a number of carbon atoms from 4 to 8 where m=1 , or from 1 to 5 where m=2, and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical. The present invention also relates to new compositions based essentially on alkyleneglycol monoether or monoethers, mixed with diols and/or other alkyleneglycol monoethers.

Abstract: Heat storage and transfer system and method in which a liquid-solid phase change material and a liquid-vapor phase change material selected for coaction with each other are disposed in a container with a body of the liquid phase of the liquid-vapor material in continuous contact with a body of the liquid phase of the liquid-solid material for superior heat transfer between the materials for giving up and transferring sensible heat and liquid to solid phase change latent heat to vaporize liquid-vapor phase change material and vapor to liquid phase change latent heat to a condenser/heat exchanger and also for superior heat transfer from a heat source such as a solar or electric heater by giving up the heat of condensation of a vapor phase to a solid-liquid material which accepts the heat as sensible heat and as heat of melting.

Abstract: A coolant, comprising an aqueous solution of potassium hydrogencarbonate, a polyhydric alcohol and, where desired, 1.0 to 20.0% by weight of saccharides, which may be additionally incorporated, for the purpose of protection against corrosion, with 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of silicic acid, alkali metal salts of metasilicic acid and alkali metal salts of polyphosphoric acid.The coolant has an eutectic melting point as low as -8.5.degree. C. or below and is less corrosive to metal containers. In addition, the potassium hydrogencarbonate in the coolant is quite stable, so that the bubbling phenomenon of the coolant could be prevented.

Abstract: Working fluid/solvent compositions for use in absorption heating and cooling equipment, which compositions comprise a chlorofluoroethane with a boiling point between -40.degree. and +50.degree. C. and at least one solvent with a boiling point above 100.degree. C., the solvent being at least one material having the formula:C.sub.m Cl.sub.2m+1 --(CF.sub.2 --CFCl).sub.n --Xwherein m is zero or one, n is an integer from one to four, and is at least two when m is zero, and X is hydrogen or chlorine, X being hydrogen only when m is one.

Abstract: A water vapor absorbing composition containing CsOH is disclosed which is useful in absorption cycle heat pumping processes and apparatus. When combined with at least one of KOH and NaOH, the absorbent makes possible exceptionally high lifts of the temperature of heat which is initially at low ambient temperatures. Acceptably low corrosion rates are achieved with standard materials of construction using ordinary corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: Compositions for use as fluids in absorption heat pumps, which compositions comprise a chlorofluoro-hydrocarbon heat exchange fluid, an amide or glycol-ether solvent vehicle, and at least one metal salt of an alkylarylsulfonate which stabilizes the fluid against decomposition, together with use of the compositions in absorption heat pumps.

Abstract: An absorption heat pump wherein the working fluid is a fluoroalkylamine of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of X and X.sup.1, independently, represents hydrogen or fluorine,R represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical,n represents an integer from 1 to 4, each of m and q represents an integer from 0 to 2,p represents an integer from 0 to 4 provided that p is not zero when X.sup.1 is fluorine, and r represents an integer from 1 to 3, the fluoroalkylamine having a maximum of 6 carbon atomsand the solvent is a phenol.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel binary composition of matter for use in absorption cycles and similar applications requiring the reversible absorption and desorption of water vapor. The composition comprises an aqueous solution wherein the nonaqueous component consists essentially of a mixture of alkali metal nitrates optionally admixed with at least one alkali metal nitrite.

Abstract: Working fluids for the Rankine cycle comprising chlorodifluoromethane and one of difluoroethane and dichlorotetrafluoroethane.

Abstract: An absorption heat pump system wherein the working fluid is a saturated fluorohydrocarbon or fluorohydrocarbon ether having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A composition for absorption refrigeration which comprises a fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant, an amide or glycol ether solvent serving as an absorption liquid, and a phosphite stabilizer. The stabilizer is used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 wt % of the absorption liquid calculated as phosphorus, within which range the phosphite stabilizer can suitably protect the refrigerant and the absorption liquid from deteriorating and decomposing at high operation temperatures.

Abstract: A mechanical vapor recompression heat pump system wherein the working fluid is a saturated fluorohydrocarbon or fluorohydrocarbon ether having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms or a fluorinated amine containing up to 6 carbon atoms and having the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of X and X.sup.1, independently, represents hydrogen or fluorine,R represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical,n represents an integer from 1 to 4,each of m and q represents an integer from 0 to 2,p represents an integer from 0 to 4 provided thatp is not zero when X.sup.1 is fluorine, andr represents an integer from 1 to 3;or the formula: ##STR2## wherein W represents hydrogen or fluorine, a represents an integer from 3 to 5, b represents an integer from 1 to 3 and c represents an integer from 0 to 2 provided that c is not zero when W is fluorine.

Abstract: This invention is a process for formation of a gas hydrate to be used as a cool storage medium using a refrigerant in water. Mixing of the immiscible refrigerant and water is effected by addition of a surfactant and agitation. The difficult problem of subcooling during the process is overcome by using the surfactant and agitation and performance of the process significantly improves and approaches ideal.

Abstract: Working fluids for the Rankine cycle comprising dichlorotetrafluoroethane and a member selected from the group consisting of difluoroethane and dichlorofluoromethane.

Abstract: A refrigeration process is conducted by employing as the refrigerant a mixture of one or more hydrocarbons and one or more halocarbons. The boiling points of the components of the mixture are bracketed in such a manner that the flammability of the mixture is reduced.

Abstract: Phosphoric acid, especially orthophosphoric acid, is employed as the absorption medium in an absorption heat pumping system using water as its working medium. The acid may contain additions of corrosion inhibitors and/or boiling point elevating agents if desired.

Abstract: Compositions using for working fluids and heat-transfer media comprising 81 to 100 parts by weight of 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanol and 0 to 19 parts by weight of water.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerant composition for use in absorption refrigeration systems comprising 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and an organic solvent capable of dissolving the ethane.

Abstract: A thermochemical heat pump/energy storage system using a liquid ammoniated salt, that is, a salt complexed or reacted with ammonia, is described. The system, which can be used for heating or cooling an enclosure either in a batch operation or continuously, provides energy storage for both heating and cooling functions. The energy is stored predominantly as chemical energy which has substantially no limit on the period during which it may be stored. A pumpable liquid ammoniated absorbent formed by chemically combining about equimolar amounts of ammonia with ammonium chloride ("low ammoniate"), can be further ammoniated to form a "high ammoniate" containing about 3 moles of ammonia. The high ammoniate is desorbed at a heat source temperature below 100.degree. C. available from a geothermal well or the like, and preferably at a heat source temperature below 80.degree. C.

Abstract: A propellant comprising liquified hydrocarbon which is propane, butane or isobutane with 2 to 20% of a chlorohydrocarbon which is dichloromethane or 1,1,1-trichloroethane is prepared by passing the liquified hydrocarbon through a coarse filter to separate oily impurities and then through a fine filter to remove odor causing impurities while simultaneously feeding the chlorohydrocarbon into the hydrocarbon. There is also described an apparatus for carrying out the process comprising feeding means, coarse filtering means, fine filtering means, gas sterilization filtering means, additional fine filtering means, a pressure container, pumping means on the outlet side of the pressure container and a pressure line connecting all of these elements of the apparatus.

Abstract: Heat is transferred from a first body to a second body and thereby provides power by carrying a thermodynamic fluid comprising a dispersion of a particulate solid in a gas around a thermodynamic cycle or cycles involving the expansion and contraction of the said thermodynamic fluid. Reverse cycles are used to provide refrigeration.

Abstract: A work medium for use in an absorption heat pump consists of a solution of a chlorofluoroalkane in a substituted amino phosphorus oxide. With such a work medium it is possible for an absorption heat pump to absorb heat at -20.degree. C. and to give up heat at 70.degree. C.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing .beta.-damascone starting with 2,6,6-trimethyl cyclohex-2-enone and its use in augmenting or enhancing the perfume and cologne.

Abstract: A composition suitable for cleaning printed circuit boards consists of 89.5% to 96.9% 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 2.5% to 8% ethanol, 0.1% to 3% methyl acetate and preferably 0.01% to 0.5% nitromethane.

Abstract: Described are the bicyclic compounds having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein Z is benzo or cyclohexano and processes for preparing same and compositions containing same for use in augmenting or enhancing the aroma and/or taste of foodstuffs, chewing gums, toothpastes and medicinal products; tobacco; perfumes, colognes and perfumed articles, produced by a process described by the reaction: ##STR2## wherein X is chloro or bromo; Y is chloro, bromo or OR; R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl, that is: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or i-propyl; B is MOH, MH, MOR', trialkylamine, or M.sub.2 -CO.sub.3 (wherein M is alkali metal such as sodium or potassium); and R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 lower alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl and t-butyl with the proviso that B is trialkylamine or an alkali metal carbonate when Y is chloro or bromo and B is MOH, MH or MOR' when Y is OR.The above mentioned compounds produce:A.

Abstract: 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (refrigerant 133a) is dissolved in a furan-derivative absorbent, and especially an ether of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, to form an absorption refrigerant pair composition. It exhibits a good combination of performance, capacity, stability, low toxicity and convenient operating pressures. These compositions are useful in methods of absorption refrigeration, cooling and heating and especially in an absorption heat pump.

Abstract: The invention comprises absorption pair compositions consisting essentially of selected one and two carbon fluorocarbon solutes dissolved in selected furan ring absorbents. These absorption pair compositions are useful in methods of absorption refrigeration, cooling and heating and particularly in an absorption heat pump.

Abstract: A stabilized heat exchange medium is disclosed including a fluorocarbon, an absorbant and a tribasic phosphite stabilizer. The preferred absorbants are assymetrical furan derivatives containing at least 1 oxygen with a single bond to an adjacent carbon, and is most preferably an alkyl tetrahydrofurfuryl ether. The fluorocarbon contains 1 or 2 carbons, 1 or 2 hydrogens and the remainder chlorine and fluorine. The tribasic phosphites are of the formula (R.sub.1 'O)(R.sub.2 'O)(R.sub.3 'O)P, wherein R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ' and R.sub.3 ' are each independently alkyl, alkenyl, phenyl, alkylene phenyl, alkylene alkylphenyl or alkylphenyl.

Abstract: The invention comprises a novel compound having the chemical name 2-(t-butoxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran and a novel absorption pair comprising 2-(t-butoxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran as the solvent and a lower alkyl fluorocarbon as the solute. The invention further comprises a method of absorption heating and method of absorption refrigeration using the novel absorption pair and absorption heating and an absorption cooling apparatus using the novel absorption pair.

Abstract: Solutions containing lower aliphatic alcohols, the halides of lithium, calcium, strontium and barium and water are used as absorbent-refrigerant compositions in absorption refrigeration systems.

Abstract: A submicroscopic particulate silica having a particle size range from about 5-20 m.mu. that is prepared in a hot gaseous environment at about 1100.degree. C by the vapor phase hydrolysis of a silicon compound is reacted with liquid water in a ratio in weight percent of about 1 part water to about 9 parts water to 1 part of the particulate silica to yield a powdered product which remains flowable over a wide temperature range -- even when cooled to an extremely low temperature of -196.degree. C. The adsorbed water is liberated on heating the powdered product. The powdered product with adsorbed water up to about 90 weight percent has utility as a coolant by liberating water on heating. The powdered product is useful as moisture source for miscellaneous purposes over a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A propellant composition which can be sprayed from a compressed gas container comprises a solvent or mixture of solvents having a vaporization number of about 1 to about 15 and a gaseous propellant absorption capacity of about 1 to about 15 weight percent at 20.degree. C. The solvent or mixture of solvents has a substantial portion of a gaseous propellant dissolved therein. The gaseous propellant is carbon dioxide. The propellant composition is suitable for use in compressed gas containers such as those employed with hairsprays, deodorant sprays, room sprays, etc.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide gas is bled into an absorption refrigeration system to reduce the alkaline normality of an aqueous lithium bromide solution. The carbon dioxide reacts with lithium hydroxide contained in the solution to form a carbonate thereby reducing the alkaline normality of the solution.

Abstract: A stream of a pressurized liquid, which is a gas at ambient temperature, is directed against a head of a threaded fastener to chill the fastener to cause release of the fastener from its socket so that the fastener can be turned to release the fastener.