Abstract: Fire-extinguishing compositions of low ozone depletion potential comprise dry powder extinguishing agents and bromodichloromethane or dichlorotrifluoroethane.

Abstract: Fires, particularly fires of flammable liquids, are extinguished by applying to the burning surface an extinguishing composition containing particles of a thermoplastic polymer, suitably a rubber. The polymer particles are arranged in association with a sufficient quantity of a chemical extinguishing agent to protect the polymer particles during transit through flame to the burning surface. Upon striking the surface of a flammable liquid the polymer dissolves therein causing the liquid to gel and concentrating fire extinguishing agents on the liquid surface thus securing the liquid against reignition.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a novel formulation which is useful as a fire retardant in polymers such as polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polystyrenes, and nylons. A fire retardant formulation useful for lending fire retardant properties to synthetic polymeric materials comprising a solid composition precipitated from an aqueous mixture of a sulfate or phosphate oxyacid, an amine, and a surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fire control composition in particulate form and containing no water, which is particularly effective for fighting metal fires, i.e., Class D fires, and which comprises particles of crushed glass bearing a hydrophobic coating thereon so that agglomeration of the fire control composition due to adsorption of moisture during storage and use is substantially prevented and so that when applied to fire, the fire control composition forms a blanket over the fire which deprives the fire of oxygen and thereby smothers it. The composition additionally contains one or more particulate adjuvants selected from salts and/or spherulized vitreous beads, which adjuvants also bear a hydrophobic coating. Useful adjuvants include graphite particles and salts. The median grain size of the crushed glass is below 200 micrometers, preferably below 120 micrometers, for example, in the range of from 25 to 35 micrometers.

Abstract: Methods of and compositions for inhibiting the combustion of wood and other cellulosic materials. The material to be protected is impregnated with the composition which contains sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, and water. Optional constituents are calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium bromide, and potassium chloride.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions which contain sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and water. Optional constituents are calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium bromide, and potassium chloride.

Abstract: A Class D (combustible metals) firefighting agent comprises a detergent mixture, vitamin B-6, sodium chloride, bicarbonate soda, and minimum amounts of water. The detergent mixture comprises an alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide, preferably comprising, by volume: about 41-45% linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, about 8-12% isoctylphenyl polyethoxyethanol, about 0-4% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 8-12% lauric diethanolamide, about 0.5-1% monoethanolamide superamides, and about 26-30% water. The vitamin B-6 is provided in an amount of about 1-3% by weight of the detergent mixture, the sodium chloride 25-41%, and the bicarbonate 3-18%. Burning titanium, uranium, or any other type of combustible metal fire, can be extinguished by applying the liquid formulation directly to the fire.

Abstract: An efficient method for extinguishing fire of various hardly extinguishable materials is proposed. The method comprises sprinkling, over the burning site of the material, a boron oxide powder having a putity relative to the content of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 of at least 90% by weight and containing water in an amount not exceeding 2% by weight, the particles of the powder having a diameter in the range from 5 .mu.m to 1000 .mu.m. The efficiency of fire extinguishment with the boron oxide powder can be further enhanced by blending the boron oxide powder with a variety of inert inorganic powders.

Abstract: An anhydrous flame retardant composition comprising diammonium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and a surfactant. The composition can be made up into an aqueous solution and used to impregnate textile materials to impart flame retardancy thereto.

Abstract: Ammonium sulfate powder is employed, alone, or in conjunction with a weakly basic powder to neuturalize the acidity of the sulfate, as a flame retardant for isocyanate-based foams and, in particular, rigid and flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A Class D (combustible metals) firefighting agent comprises a detergent mixture, and sodium chloride (about 4.5-12%), although vitamin B-6 and bicarbonate soda may be present. The detergent mixture comprises an alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide, preferably comprising, by volume: about 26-33% linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, about 4.5-6% isoctylphenyl polyethoxyethanol, about 0.25-3% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 4.5-6% lauric diethanolamide, about 0.25-2% monoethanolamide superamides, and water. Burning titanium, uranium, magnesium, zerconium, or any other type of combustible metal fire, can be extinguished by applying the liquid formulation directly to the fire using conventional firefighting equipment.

Abstract: A liquid composition includes as a major component thereof a detergent mixture of linear alkylate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide. Depending upon the particular use of the composition, it also includes effective amounts of other components. In use for fighting Class D (burning metal) fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, sodium chloride, and bicarbonate of soda and the amount of water is minimized so that it is only enough to properly mix the other components together before they are added to the detergent mixture. When used for fighting Class A and B fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, bicarbonate of soda, water, and optionally bovine urine. When used for extinguishing burning coal fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, and water. When used as an oil dispersant, the liquid composition includes vitamin B-6, bicarbonate of soda, water, and lemon or lime juice.

Abstract: This application discloses new compositions of matter useful as flame retardants for cellulosic materials comprising ammonium bromide and, at least, one water-soluble aluminum salt of an organic hydroxy acid, such as aluminum citrate or aluminum lactate.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient and reliable method for extinguishing fire of a chlorosilane compound, which is a notoriously dangerous inflammable material in respect of the difficulty of extinguishment of fire thereof, by sprinkling a specific porous inert silica based or silica-alumina based powder defined by the content of silica or overall content of silica and alumina as well as various parameters as a powdery material followed by spraying an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride. The fire extinguishing efficiency can be further enhanced when the sprinkled powder is a blend of the above defined porous powder and a specific silica sand in a specific proportion. When the sprinkled powder is such a binary blend, considerably good results can be obtained even by omitting the step of spraying of the aqueous salt solution.

Abstract: Disclosed are foam polymer compositions having outstanding resistance to expose to flame. The compositions comprise the product of reaction of a foamable composition and certain inorganic filler materials including one or more of (A) microexplodable micron-sized particles having an internal phase of a non-flammable gas releasing inorganic particulate material such as alumina trihydrate and an external phase of fusible inorganic material such as sodium silicate, (B) particulate, expandable alkali metal silicate, and (C) a particulate inorganic fire retardant such as ammonium salt of a phosphate or polyphosphate. The foams are self-extinguishing, essentially non dripping, and generate only low levels of smoke when impacted directly with the flame of a blowtorch.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition suitable for textile fabrics composed of natural or synthetic fibers, or blends thereof, comprising: one or more ammonium salts having flame retardant properties in admixture with a water soluble amide that thermally decomposes at temperatures below the ignition temperatures of the textile fabrics, the preferred embodiment of which is an admixture of ammonium phosphate, monobasic; ammonium phosphate, dibasic; ammonium sulphate; ammonium bromide; urea; and water; which composition can be topically applied in situ to natural or synthetic fibers, or blends thereof and dried by simple aeration to effectate flame retardability.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fire-retardant composition for application to vegetation, to suppress the spread of wildfires of the type which includes a fire-suppressing salt in a liquid carrier, has a minor amount of xanthan gum incorporated therein to improve the stability, corrosivity or adhesion of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for extinguishing fire and for impregnating organic materials against combustion. The composition comprises an aqueous solution, a method of preparation of this composition and a method of extinguishing and impregnating organic material against combustion.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition including potassium carbonate, a boron-containing compound, and water. In another embodiment, the fire extinguishing composition, in addition to the above, includes a potassium salt of an organic acid having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The fire extinguishing composition is non-corrosive to metals.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable reducing the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one of cationic, non-ionic to ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: A method and formulation are provided which are effective for fighting coal fueled fires. The composition puts out the fire, penetrates the burning coal, disperses fire gases, and does not generate any gases that are toxic to humans. The basic formulation comprises a linear alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide detergent mixture comprising about 50% by volume of the formulation, vitamin B-6 in the amount of about 0.5-3% by weight of the detergent mixture, bicarbonate of soda in the amount of about 3-18% by weight of the detergent mixture, red vegetable color in the amount of about 0.25-0.75% by weight of the detergent mixture, eucalyptus oil (if present) in the amount of about 1-2% by weight of the detergent mixture, and water comprising about 37-47% percent by volume of the total formulation.

Abstract: A fire retardant composition that utilizes pH control to lower corrosion is provided. The fire retardant composition contains B.sub.2 O.sub.3, P.sub.2 O.sub.5 and NH.sub.3. Also provided is a fire retarded material of low corrosiveness.

Abstract: A fire-resistant polycarbonate composition comprising a polycarbonate and for each one thousand parts by weight thereof from about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a salt of the formula: ##STR1## in which R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl radical or an aryl radical, unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical and M is an alkali metal selected from Li, Na, or K.

Abstract: The addition of melamine/formaldehyde resins causes ethylene copolymers containing CaCO.sub.3 and alumina trihydrate to have lower swell on burning and has smaller and more uniform cell formation in the ceramic ash than compositions without such resins present.

Abstract: A gelled concentrate composition contains 70 to 30 weight percent gelled liquid and 30 to 70 weight percent solids component. The solids component comprises a fine powder of an ammonium compound and a vinyl polymer gelling agent. The gelling agent is present in the amount of 0.5 to 8.0 weight percent of the total composition. The resulting gelled concentrate, stable up to 18 months in storage, is useful in extinguishing fires.

Abstract: In connection with the manufacture of cellulosic insulation of the type utilizing shredded newspaper which is treated with a fire retardant chemical composition and used for the thermal insulation of building structures, an anti-static agent is mixed and adhered to the fire retardant agent prior to depositing the fire retardant agent on the shredded cellulosic material. The anti-static agent may also be introduced into the finished product with desirable but not as significant improvements in the insulation and its manufacture.

Abstract: A fire protection and/or extinguishing article comprises a sheet which has, uniformly dispersed therein, a material which undergoes an endothermic reaction to release a non-flammable gas and simultaneously absorb heat when subjected to an elevated temperature. This sheet is sandwiched between a gas permeable thermal barrier and a layer of gas permeable thermal insulation in a preferred embodiment which may function as a foldable and storable blanket.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable reducing the surface tension of water to the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one of cationic, non-ionic and ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: Galactomannan gum-thickened aqueous compositions are stabilized with a dimercaptothiadiazole.

Abstract: An aqueous solution useful in extinguishing fires is disclosed comprising diammonium phosphate, a water soluble polyol, a water soluble gas-generating agent, a non-combustible viscosity builder and water; when sprayed upon burning surfaces, the solution intumesces and generates a flame-resistant polymeric foam having a high char value; the foam shuts off the air supply to the burning surface and thereby quickly and effectively extinguishes the fire.

Abstract: The invention relates to fire-fighting powders providing per se or in mixtures an effective extinction of flames and embers.The fire-fighting powder according to the invention comprises(a) at least one member of a group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium sesquicarbonate as active ingredient and optionally one or more metal salt catalysts; or(b) at least one metal salt catalyst in addition to substances having per se known extinguishing effect;and optionally one or more other substances having per se known extinguishing effect as well as one or more additives generally used in the art.The fire-fighting powders according to the invention have enhanced extinguishing effect as compared to the known extinctors.

Abstract: A fire or flame barrier material comprising an ethylene copolymer matrix, 150-220 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide and 150-220 parts by weight of calcium carbonate or calcium-magnesium carbonate. The material can also include a lubricating agent, an elasticizer, calcium oxide, a polymer softening agent, a color-aging agent, and an antioxidant agent.

Abstract: This invention is a fire retardant compound and the method for preparing the same. The combined fire retardant properties of the final composition are greater than the fire retardant properties of the individual ingredients. When formulated and treated in accordance with the present invention, wood products such as paneling and flooring, fabric products such as cotton, wool and rayon and the like which are normally flammable are for all practical purposes noncombustible. Not only are the flame retardant properties of the present invention highly unusual but also the smoke inhibiting factor in each case is extremely low and way below that which would normally be anticipated.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable of reducing the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one cationic, non-ionic or ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0% by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions thickened by galactomannan gums are described which are stabilized by a stabilizer system comprising soluble molybdenum and a thiourea.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions thickened by galactomannan gums are described which are stabilized by soluble molybdenum.

Abstract: A powdery fire-extinguishing agent containing a powder as main ingredient and a powder as adjuvant, both or one of said powders being treated with an organofluorine compound which has a fluoroalkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, which has a major transition temperature of 20.degree. C. or higher and a fluorine content of 5% by weight or more, which is insoluble in water and insoluble or sparingly soluble in a combustible liquid, and which has oil repellency; and a process for preparation thereof.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing or fire preventing composition comprising sawdust combined with a dry coloring material which reacts with the sawdust at elevated temperature to improve the fire extinguishing properties. In one form the coloring material comprises a transition metal compound such as ferric oxide Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 which forms complexes with glucose units derived from the cellulose in sawdust. In another form the coloring material is organic, for example, an azo-compound which forms a complex with the cellulose in the sawdust, and this also improves the fire extinguishing properties.

Abstract: An arc quenching composition suitable for deionizing and extinguishing a high voltage electrical arc comprising an effective proportion of dicyandiamide. Depending on the application in which the arc extinguishing composition is employed, the dicyandiamide may be utilized alone, admixed with a suitable binder, or used to impregnate another material.

Abstract: A composition of matter for use with disseminating apparatus comprising powder having at least a bimodal particle size distribution, a gelled liquid, the powder being substantially insoluble in the gelled liquid. Preferably, a liquefied gas forms at least a portion of the gelled liquid.

Abstract: A substantially nonaqueous persistent thixotropic fire suppressant composition comprises a fire suppressant agent, a carrier material, the suppressant agent permeating the carrier material to form a suppressant permeated carrier material, a fire extinguishing dispersant, the carrier material being insoluble in the dispersant, the permeated carrier material being suspended in the dispersant, and a gelling agent in an amount effective to thixotropically gel the suspension of permeated carrier material and dispersant, the permeated carrier material being capable of adhering to an object in the vicinity of combustion.

Abstract: Alkali metal salts, particularly the potassium salt, of gluconic acid or its stereoisomers have been found to be particularly useful as active ingredients of dry chemical fire extinguishers and can be used alone, or with a small amount of flowing agent and hydrophobic agent or in combination with other dry chemical extinguisher powders, such as sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfates. These gluconates are stable, non-hygroscopic and have a high flame extinguishing effect.

Abstract: A flame retardant thermal insulation material comprising a dry, shredded cellulosic material, such as newsprint, which is coated with a dry phosphorous-containing, flame retardant composition. The composition is one which is capable of decomposing near the ignition temperature of the shredded paper, which is between 120 degrees and Celsius and 250 degrees Celsius and preferably includes a plurality of compounds which decompose at different temperatures spaced within this range to provide the stagewise release of combustion inhibiting agents. The composition can be a single compound such as calcium phosphate but preferably is a combination of similar compounds such as (NH.sub.4).sub.2 HPO.sub.4, CaH.sub.4 (PO.sub.4).sub.2, CaHPO.sub.4 and triple super phosphate. Further, the phosphorous composition is preferably combined with urea. Elemental sulfur powder may be included with any of the previous compositions as a smoke retardant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical agent for treating cellulose insulation and which consists of borax, ammonium sulphate, aluminum sulphate, soda ash, anhydrous silica gel and diammonium phosphate and method of fabricating the same, and a cellulosic insulation containing the aforesaid chemical agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to high internal phase ratio emulsions of colorant-containing fire suppressant concentrates which are non-settling and non-abrasive to high pressure, close tolerance pumps. These non-settling, non-abrasive concentrates can be prepared, stored, and diluted with water for use in both aerial and ground fire fighting.

Abstract: Nitrocellulose coating compositions containing alkali metal alumino carbonates as flatting pigments.

Abstract: A reagent composition which is chemically inert when solid and is chemica reactive when molten comprises a first substance selected from high molecular weight waxes and polymers and a second substance dissolved, dispersed, or encapsulated in the first substance. The second substance is highly chemically reactive and is selected from strong bases and strong acids. The composition is particularly adapted for use in safety devices automatically activated in response to an increase in the temperature of a chemical system and in processes for automatically discontinuing the operation of or decontaminating the products of a malfunctioning chemical system.