Abstract: A conductive border surrounds a terminal along a direction. A mobile terminal includes a wireless transmission/reception circuit to output a signal for a wireless communication of the mobile terminal; a conductive border that forms side surfaces of the mobile terminal; a ground element electrically connected to the conductive border; a first antenna element electrically connected to the conductive border and the wireless transmission/reception circuit; and a second antenna element electrically connected to the conductive border and the ground element.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a microwave antenna assembly is disclosed. The fabrication method includes providing a proximal portion having an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductor extending at least partially therein. The method further includes providing a distal portion disposed distally of the proximal portion, with the inner conductor extending at least partially therein. A high strength material may be injected from an inflow slot to an outflow slot of the distal portion such that the material is disposed in-between the inner conductor and a ceramic layer. The material bonds the distal portion and the ceramic layer to the proximal portion while providing mechanical strength to the distal portion.

Abstract: There is provided a non-contact communication antenna including a first antenna pattern that is formed on one surface of a base material, and a second antenna pattern that is formed on a back surface of the one surface of the base material. The first antenna pattern includes a first coil section and a first electrode section. The second antenna pattern includes a second coil section and a second electrode section. Capacitance of the first electrode section and the second electrode section compensates a change in capacitance depending on a formation situation of the first coil section and the second coil section.

Abstract: An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.

Abstract: A multichannel dielectric wave guide includes a set of dielectric core members that have a length and a cross section shape that is approximately rectangular, The core members have a first dielectric constant value. A cladding surrounds the set of dielectric core members and has a second dielectric constant value that is lower than the first dielectric constant.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an IC package comprising a substrate having a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second metal layers. The IC package further comprises an IC die disposed at a surface of the substrate and comprising RF circuitry. The first metal layer comprises a microstrip feedline extending from a pin of the IC die. The microstrip feedline includes a conductive trace having a probe element at a tip distal from the pin. The first metal layer further comprises a waveguide opening comprising a region surrounding the probe element, the region being substantially devoid of conductive material. The substrate further comprises a plurality of metal vias disposed at the perimeter of the region, the metal vias extending from the first metal layer to the second metal layer.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus comprises a substrate with a microstrip-to-waveguide transition comprising a microstrip feedline extending between a first terminal point and a second terminal point at a first metal layer and comprising a microstrip element and a probe element. The microstrip element includes a connection segment extending from the first terminal point to a second point, a taper segment extending from the second point to a third point, and a continuous-width segment extending from the third point to a fourth point. The probe element extends from the fourth point to the second terminal point and has a width which is narrower than the continuous-width segment. The substrate further includes a waveguide opening comprising a region surrounding the probe element and includes a plurality of metal vias disposed at the perimeter of the waveguide opening and which extend from the first metal layer to the second metal layer.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus comprises a lower assembly and an upper assembly, which together forming a cavity to contain an RF circuit device. The upper assembly comprises a waveguide flange interface at an external surface of the upper assembly. The waveguide flange interface comprises a waveguide channel extending from the external surface to an internal surface forming a surface of the cavity. An opening of the waveguide channel at the internal surface is substantially centered about a first centerline of the upper assembly parallel with the external surface and offset from a second centerline of the upper assembly parallel with the external surface, whereby the second centerline perpendicular is to the first centerline. The upper assembly is removably attachable to the lower assembly in either of a first orientation or a second orientation, whereby the second orientation represents a 180 degree rotation of the upper assembly relative to the first orientation.

Abstract: A production process of a tag antenna and a micro strip patch RFID tag antenna. The production process includes: an etching step of etching a metal layer on a thin film material composited with the metal layer to form a thin film (1) with radiation unit patterns (11, 12), short circuit pin patterns (13, 14) and ground plate patterns (15, 16); a compositing step of coating gel on the thin film (1) or a substrate (2) and adhering the thin film (1) to the substrate (2); and a folding step of folding the thin film (1) along an edge of the substrate (2), adhering the short circuit pin patterns (13,14) of the thin film (1) to sides of the substrate (2), folding again the thin film (1) in a same direction, adhering the ground plate patterns (15, 16) to a lower surface of the substrate (2).

Abstract: An antenna structure is provided. The antenna structure includes a radiating portion having an approximately quadrangular body, wherein the quadrangular body has a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, a third side, and a fourth side opposite to the third side; and a ground portion surrounding an entire length of the first side, an entire length of the fourth side, and at most a half of a length of the second side.

Abstract: A subsurface antenna is designed for use below the surface of the Earth. In some configurations the antenna is a dipole antenna, which can be used for radio frequency heating of an oil-bearing formation.

Abstract: A directive, instantaneous wide bandwidth antenna is disclosed. The antenna can include a ground plane having a recess with a tapered region accessible by an electromagnetic field via a radiating aperture at a forward end of the recess. The antenna can also include an elongate dielectric feed disposed in the recess. The dielectric feed can have a tapered portion proximate the tapered region to guide the electromagnetic field into the recess through the radiating aperture and influence pattern directivity. The antenna can further include a conductive plating disposed at least partially about the dielectric feed in a wedge configuration to influence pattern beam width. The conductive plating can have a taper to facilitate propagation of the electromagnetic field over a range of frequencies. The conductive plating can be disposed toward a rearward end of the recess relative to the radiating aperture.

Abstract: A low cost antenna horn for outdoor use having an extended housing with a unibody construction to enclose a waveguide and polarizing septum, the assembly of which rigidly retains and orients the waveguide and polarizing septum without using traditional hardware or sealants.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a single-package communications device that includes an antenna module with a plurality of independently selectable arrays of antenna elements. The antenna elements of the different arrays may send and/or receive data signals over different ranges of signal angles. The communications device may further include a switch module to separately activate the individual arrays. In some embodiments, a radio frequency (RF) communications module may be included in the package of the communications device. In some embodiments, the RF communications module may be configured to communicate over a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) network using the plurality of arrays of antenna elements.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a semiconductor module having an integrated antenna structure that wirelessly transmits signals. The semiconductor module has a first die having a first far-back-end-of-the-line (FBEOL) metal layer with a ground plane connected to a ground terminal. A second die is stacked onto the first die and has a second FBEOL metal layer with an antenna exciting element that extends to a position that is vertically over the ground plane. One or more micro-bumps are vertically located between the first FBEOL metal layer and the second FBEOL metal layer. The one or more micro-bumps provide a radio frequency (RF) signal between the first FBEOL metal layer and the antenna exciting element of the second FBEOL metal layer. By using micro-bumps to connect the first and second die, the FBEOL metal layers are separated by a large spacing that provides for good performance of the integrated antenna structure.

Abstract: A stamped antenna and a method of manufacturing includes providing a sheet of metallic material for a first partial stamping. The first partial stamping forms an antenna including traces, contacts, carriers connected to the traces, and tie-bars between the traces. A pressure sensitive adhesive is then bonded to the traces of the antenna. A second complete stamping is then performed on the antenna, including pressure sensitive adhesive, to remove the carriers and tie-bars. An intermediate product for the manufacture of an antenna includes a pressure sensitive adhesive, one or more stamped traces bonded with the pressure sensitive adhesive, and at least one tie-bar connected between the one or more traces supports the one or more traces.

Abstract: A planar capacitor includes, in part, a first metal line forming spiral-shaped loops around one of its end point, and a second metal line forming spiral-shaped loops between the loops of the first metal line. The first and second metal lines are coplanar, formed on an insulating layer, and form the first and second plates of the planar capacitor. The planar capacitor may be used to form a filter. Such a filter includes a first metal line forming first spiral-shaped loops, a second metal line forming second spiral-shaped loops, and a third metal line—coplanar with the first and second metal lines—forming loops between the loops of the first and second metal lines. The filter further includes a first inductor coupled between the first and third metal lines, and a second inductor coupled between the second and third metal lines.

Abstract: Biometric monitoring devices, including various technologies that may be implemented in such devices, are discussed herein. Additionally, techniques, systems, and apparatuses are discussed herein for providing a hybrid antenna including an RF radiator and an electrically coupled inductive loop. The hybrid antenna is capable of providing both RF and induction functionality, e.g., radio frequency transmission/reception capabilities for Bluetooth as well as near-field-communications (NFC) functionality via the inductive loop. The inductive loop may be in conductive contact with the RF radiator or may be inductively coupled with the RF radiator and not in conductive contact with the RF radiator. The inductive loop may act as a planar element of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide stable lithium niobate waveguide devices, and methods of making and using the same. A lithium niobate-based waveguide device may include a Z-cut lithium niobate substrate having upper and lower surfaces, an optical waveguide embedded within the lithium niobate substrate, a signal electrode disposed on the upper surface of lithium niobate substrate and parallel to the optical waveguide, guard electrodes disposed on the upper surface of the lithium niobate substrate and flanking but spaced apart from the signal electrode, and a conductive layer on the lower surface of the lithium niobate substrate, wherein the conductive layer serves as a common ground reference for the signal and guard electrodes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a surgical antenna includes bonding a trocar screw and a conductor together and overmolding the trocar screw with a puck material to form a puck assembly. A trocar is coupled to the trocar screw, which forms a distal radiating section, and a proximal antenna member is coupled to the puck assembly, which forms a proximal radiating section.

Abstract: An antenna structure includes a substrate having at least one first pad for wire bonding. A chip is mounted on the substrate, and the chip has at least one second pad for wire bonding. At least one bond wire connects the at least one first pad and the at least one second pad. The at least one bond wire is configured to transmit or receive an electromagnetic wave signal in at least one specified frequency for data communication.

Abstract: Intrabody MRI-compatible medical devices with a rigid stylet body with opposing distal and proximal ends with a wall enclosing at least one cavity extending therebetween. The stylet body has first and second laterally spaced apart and opposing external longitudinally extending recessed surfaces and at least one pair of transversely spaced apart apertures extending through the wall and at least one conductor having a length that extends through the cavity then exits the cavity to define at least one external loop extending between the distal end of the stylet body and the pair of transversely spaced apart apertures. First and second legs of each loop snugly abut a respective first and second recessed surface of the stylet body to thereby cooperate with the stylet body to define a substantially cylindrical shape. The at least one conductor with the at least one loop is configured to act as an MRI antenna.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for incorporating a wireless device into a plastic container as part of the steps of manufacturing the container. The plastic container can be a flexible plastic bag and are formed of one or more sheets, generally two or more sheets of plastic film or a rigid plastic container such as a tub or tote. The bags are formed by sealing together adjacent edge portions of each film layer. One embodiment of the present invention is to incorporate a wireless device between the edge portions of the film(s) before or during sealing so that the wireless device becomes permanently sealed into the film material but is isolated from both the bag interior and the outside environment. Another embodiment is to incorporate the wireless device onto or into a plastic component that is sealed to the container, such as a nipple or port, so that the wireless device becomes permanently sealed to the container but is isolated from both the container interior and the outside environment.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a radiating cell of an antenna array can comprise a compacted hybrid as part of a stripline feed network, a radiating element having slots rotated with respect to the compacted hybrid, and a feed circuit layer in communication with the stripline feed network. The radiating cell radius can be a ½ wavelength or less. Furthermore, the compacted hybrid has two input ports and two output ports, where the input and output ports of the compacted hybrid are non-orthogonal and non-parallel to the slots of the radiating element. A radiating cell can comprise a ground plane with a first side and a second side, where the ground plane comprises a slot. The slot can be non-orthogonal and non-parallel to the two output ports of the feed network.

Abstract: A wearable antenna is operably positioned on a wearer's skin and is operably connected the wearer's tissue. A first antenna matched to the wearer's tissue is operably positioned on the wearer's skin. A second antenna matched to the air is operably positioned on the wearer's skin. Transmission lines connect the first antenna and the second antenna.

Abstract: A dipole antenna assembly may include a first tubular dipole element and a coaxial antenna feed extending through a proximal end of the first tubular dipole element. The coaxial antenna feed may have an inner conductor, an outer conductor, and a dielectric therebetween. The inner conductor may extend outwardly beyond a distal end of the first tubular dipole element. The outer conductor may be coupled to the distal end of the first tubular dipole element. The dipole antenna assembly may further include a second tubular dipole element with a proximal end being adjacent the distal end of the first tubular dipole element, and being coupled to the inner conductor. The second tubular dipole element may include first and second tubular segments and an electrical conductor extending through the first and second tubular sections and being coupled thereto at both the proximal and distal ends.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a chip card, such as a dual interface card, is provided. The method generally includes collocating multiple card support sheets one onto the other, depositing a conductive adhesive onto contact pads on at least one of the sheets, positioning a dual interface module in a recess established in at least one of the sheets, and executing a lamination step.

Abstract: A method of forming a non-linear path of at least a portion of at least one electrically conducting wire extending between a first location and a second location. The method includes the steps of forming a wire path template defining a non-linear path, winding said wire through said template such that said wire adopts said non-linear path, connecting the wire to a feedthrough member, wherein the feedthrough member is configured to provide an electrical connection through a wall of an implantable component implantable in a recipient along with the wire, and removing the wire from the template.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus for a wireless device includes a continuous metallic component electrically connected to a circuit card assembly through an interconnection, an antenna matching circuit electrically connected to the continuous metallic component, a first electrical connection between the continuous metallic component and the interconnection, and at least one additional electrical connection between the interconnection and the circuit card assembly, the antenna matching circuit and the interconnection causing the continuous metallic component to resonate at an at least one desired frequency.

Abstract: Method and monopole antenna for making uniform the radiation of the antenna, when disposed inside a radome. According to the invention, on the surface of the monopole antenna is formed a protruding longitudinal ridge which is disposed at least approximately opposite an area of the radiating pattern of the assembly radome (1)-monopole antenna having a reduced gain in comparison with the radiating pattern of said monopole antenna alone.

Abstract: Sealing portions of an orthomode transducer or another antenna component is accomplished by forming first and second receptacles or channels in one half or portion of the transducer and inserting first and second type of compressible sealing components into the receptacles. Upon attaching additional portions of the transducer the compressible sealing components may be compressed, but the compression is limited to an amount within a compression range to maintain a seal.

Abstract: A multiple-band antenna having first and second operating frequency bands is provided. The antenna includes a first patch structure associated primarily with the first operating frequency band, a second patch structure electrically coupled to the first patch structure and associated primarily with the second operating frequency band, a first slot structure disposed between a first portion of the first patch structure and the second patch structure and associated primarily with the first operating frequency band, and a second slot structure disposed between a second portion of the first patch structure and the second patch structure and associated primarily with the second operating frequency band. A mounting structure for the multiple-band antenna is also provided. The mounting structure includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to and overlapping the first surface.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for reducing harmonic emissions. One aspect of the disclosure provides a transmitter apparatus. The transmitter apparatus includes a driver circuit characterized by an efficiency and a power output level. The driver circuit further includes a filter circuit electrically connected to the driver circuit and configured to modify the impedance of the transmit circuit to maintain the efficiency of the driver circuit at a level that is within 20% of a maximum efficiency of the driver circuit when the impedance is within the complex impedance range. The filter circuit is further configured to maintain a substantially constant power output level irrespective of the reactive variations within the complex impedance range. The filter circuit is further configured to maintain a substantially linear relationship between the power output level and the resistive variations within the impedance range.

Abstract: Array packages and methods for forming large-scale antenna arrays. One method includes aligning two or more array packages. The two or more array packages each include one or more bottom dielectric layers, an array of antennas arranged in a plane above the one or more bottom dielectric layers, a ground plane layer above the one or more bottom dielectric layers, and a conductive surface on at least a part of an outside surface of the array package and orthogonal to the plane of the array of antennas. The conductive surface is electrically connected to the ground plane layer.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide for waveguide assemblies which may be utilized in wireless communication systems. Various embodiments may allow for waveguide assemblies to be assembled using tools and methodologies that are simpler than the conventional alternatives. Some embodiments provide for a waveguide assembly that comprises a straight tubular portion configured to be shortened, using simple techniques and tools, in order to fit into a waveguide assembly. For instance, for some embodiments, the waveguide assembly may be configured such that the straight portion can be shortened, at a cross section of the portion, using a basic cutting tool, such a hacksaw. In some embodiments, the straight portion may be further configured such that regardless of whether the straight tubular portion is shortened, the waveguide assembly remains capable of coupling to flanges, which facilitate coupling the straight tubular portion to connectable assemblies, such as other waveguide assemblies, radio equipment, or antennas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna module for an insert type antenna module for a portable terminal and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the method for manufacturing an insert type antenna module for a portable terminal comprises an antenna radiation part manufacture step wherein an antenna core is manufactured, the antenna core being engaged by an insert so that an antenna radiation part configured in a predetermined shape selected between a plane shape and a curved shape with at least one axis by cutting and bending a conductive metal sheet is exposed toward an outer surface of one side, wherein in the antenna radiation part manufacture step, in the core forming mold is disposed an antenna support protrusion maintaining a gap for the sake of a thickness development of the antenna core.

Abstract: A window assembly for a display device with an antenna includes a cover window, an antenna pattern, an insulating layer, and an antenna pad. The cover window includes a receiving recess having a bottom surface with a concavo-convex shape. The antenna pattern is accommodated in the receiving recess to cover the bottom surface and the antenna pattern has a lower surface with a concavo-convex shape corresponding to the concavo-convex shape of the bottom surface. The insulating layer is accommodated in the receiving recess to cover the antenna pattern. The antenna pad is disposed on the insulating layer and electrically coupled to the antenna pattern. Thus, a volume of the antenna pattern is increased, and a radiation capability of the antenna may be improved.

Abstract: An apparatus including: a central portion extending at least in a first direction on an upper surface of a dielectric substrate; a first lateral portion and a second lateral portion extending at least in a second direction, orthogonal to the first direction, on one or more side surfaces of the dielectric substrate to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate wherein the central portion provides a first conductive path between the first lateral portion and the second lateral portion; a second conductive path between the first lateral portion and the second lateral portion; and a monopole antenna element extending in the second direction.

Abstract: A method of making a compact control module of a high frequency antenna for a magnetic resonance imaging device including M control elements and N radiating elements, N greater than M, the control module represented by a control matrix {tilde over (P)}, approximately equal to a control matrix P to control the radiating elements, the method including: decomposing the control matrix {tilde over (P)} into a product of two matrices H×L; the matrix L with dimensions M×M capable of transforming M signals Vm transmitted by M control elements into M signals V1, in amplitude and in phase; the matrix H with dimensions N×M receiving the M signals V1 as inputs; producing the matrix H with a number of stages less than a number of stages necessary for implementation of the matrix P; and using the matrix L starting from implementation of the matrix H determined during the producing,

Abstract: The apparatus includes an RF antenna assembly to be positioned within a wellbore and coupled to an RF source. The RF antenna assembly includes a first tubular dipole element having opposing proximal and distal ends, an RF transmission line extending through the proximal end of the first tubular dipole element and including an inner conductor, an outer conductor, and a dielectric therebetween. The inner conductor extends outwardly beyond the distal end of the first tubular dipole element. The outer conductor is coupled to the distal end of the first tubular dipole element. The RF antenna assembly includes a second tubular dipole element having opposing proximal and distal ends, with the proximal end being adjacent the distal end of the first tubular dipole element and being coupled to the inner conductor, and a tubular balun.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a display and a transceiver. The display has a lateral surface. The lateral surface has disposed thereon a line comprising a thin-film conductive material. The line is patterned to form one or more loops around the display. The transceiver is electrically connected to the line. The line forms a radiating structure during a radio frequency (RF) operation.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a radio assembly. The radio assembly includes an antenna housing unit that houses a pair of reflectors which are situated on a front side of the antenna housing unit, a printed circuit board (PCB) that includes at least a transmitter and a receiver, and a backside cover. The PCB is situated within a cavity at a backside of the antenna housing unit and the backside cover covers the cavity, thereby enclosing the PCB within the antenna housing unit. One embodiment of the present invention provides a user interface for configuring a radio. The user interface includes a display and a number of selectable tabs presented on the display. A selection of a respective tab results in a number of user-editable fields being displayed, thereby facilitating a user in configuring and monitoring operations of the radio.

Abstract: The present application is directed to systems and methods for an information delivery system for a container. At least one machine readable indicia may be printed on an outer surface of the container. A top label may cover at least a portion of the outer surface of the container. The top label may be rotatable about the outer surface of the container. The top label may have a transparent window allowing at least one of the machine readable indicia to be visible through the transparent window.

Abstract: An antenna, in particular a dipole antenna, for radio communication in a hearing aid, is disclosed. The antenna includes a solid three-dimensional dielectric support body, an electrically conductive first plate on a first surface of the support body and an electrically conductive second plate on a second surface of the support body. The first surface and the second surface are arranged on opposing ends of the support body. An electrically conductive filament is arranged on and/or in the support body, electrically coupling the first plate with the second plate, and comprising first sections and second sections. The second sections extend perpendicular to the first sections.

Abstract: A phased array RADAR aperture assembly is formed of a plurality of support trusses arranged parallel to each other and supporting a plurality of RADAR modular aperture sections. Each of the RADAR modular aperture sections includes a modular column extending the length of the RADAR modular aperture sections and supporting the RADAR modular aperture section, wherein each of the modular column is configured to connect to a modular column of another RADAR modular aperture section in an end-to-end connection, wherein the end-to-end connection is made on the top surface of one of the plurality of support trusses and aligns two adjacent RADAR modular aperture sections with respect to each other and forms a seamless joint between the two adjacent RADAR modular aperture sections.

Abstract: An antenna, a portable electronic device incorporating an antenna and a method of operation are provided. The antenna includes a first radiator extending from a first end configured to be coupled to radio frequency circuitry to a second end that is electrically open. The antenna also includes a second radiator extending from a first end that is configured to be grounded to a second end that is electrically open. The antenna is configured such that the second end of one of the first or second radiators is electrically coupled to the other of the first or second radiators at a coupling region between the first and second ends of the other of the first or second radiators. The second end of the second radiator may be electrically coupled to the first radiator at a location between the first and second ends of the first radiator.

Abstract: The notch-antenna array includes at least one notch-antenna array element that includes a first notch-antenna radiator, and a second notch-antenna radiator disposed at an angle to said first notch-antenna radiator. The angle is preferably 90 degrees and the element is either a slant antenna or an orthogonal antenna. The first notch-antenna radiator and the second notch-antenna radiator are formed integrally with one another. Each of the first and second notch-antenna radiators has substantially planar opposing surfaces and a flared notch formed therein. Each of the first and second notch-antenna radiators have substantially planar opposing surfaces and a slot configured to receive a printed circuit board therein formed between the substantially planar opposing surfaces. The printed circuit board includes a substrate with one or more dielectric layers, and a feedline.

Abstract: A planar antenna, such as included as a portion of printed circuit board assembly, can include a balanced configuration comprising a first conductive layer. The first conductive layer can include a first arm having a footprint extending in a first direction and a second arm having a footprint extending in a direction opposite the first direction. The second arm can be sized and shaped to be similar to the footprint of the first arm.

Abstract: An active antenna may be installed within a ceiling of a building to improve the range of a wireless and/or cellular network. Further, a ground plane may be installed throughout the ceiling to reduce the occurrence of multipath interference of radio frequency (RF) signals. In addition, one or more passive antennas may also be installed in the ceiling to further extend the range of the wireless and/or cellular network within the building. Each of the antennas may be designed to facilitate (RF) signal gain for a collection or range of frequencies. In some instances, the installation of active and passive antennas may increase the range of a communications network, while the installation of a ground plane throughout the ceiling may reduce the occurrence on multipath interference resulting in improved wireless and/or cellular network performance including increased bandwidth and range.

Abstract: A method includes coupling a printed circuit board (PCB) and a first conductive sheet to a pressure plate to form an antenna sub-assembly. The first conductive sheet defines a first plurality of openings and includes a first plurality of bumps. At least one opening of the first plurality of openings is surrounded by a set of bumps of the first plurality of bumps. The method includes coupling the antenna sub-assembly to a cover to form an antenna assembly.