Abstract: The present invention provides an ink-jet head which comprises an ink supply channel configured to allow ink to flow, two or more ink chambers each having a bottom surface with a nozzle and an upper surface constituting of a vibrating plate, the two or more ink chambers being arranged in a row along a direction in which the ink flows in the ink supply channel, a partition wall partitioning the ink chambers. and a piezo-mounting plate having two or more multilayer piezoelectric elements and two or more columns fixed thereto. The two or more multilayer piezoelectric elements are arranged in a row, and the two or more columns are arranged between the multilayer piezoelectric elements. And also, the piezo-mounting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the ink chambers. In the ink-jet head, the vibrating plate constituting the upper surface of the ink chamber is held between the partition wall and the column.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink jet print head having a channel shape that meets an intended purpose, and a method for manufacturing the ink jet print head. In the method for manufacturing the ink jet print head, an SIO SOI substrate is prepared which has a first silicon layer, a second silicon layer, and an insulating layer. A sacrifice layer is formed on the first monocrystal silicon layer. An etching stop layer is formed over the sacrifice layer. An energy generating element is formed on a surface of the SOI substrate. Etching is performed on the second silicon layer and the insulating layer to form an ink supply port. The supply port is formed by etching. The first silicon layer is etched to form a liquid channel. A part of the etching stop layer is removed to form an ejection port.

Abstract: The present invention provides a printing liquid container, a printing liquid filled container, an image forming apparatus, and a printing liquid filled container manufacturing method that may enlarge the opening surface area in a seal membrane. Namely, the printing liquid container includes: a sealing membrane provided to a capping section for sealing an opening in the capping section; a contact portion formed in a central portion of the sealing membrane, the contact portion is contacted by a hole piercing tool for forming a hole in the sealing membrane; and a first rupture portion configured thinner than the sealing membrane and extending out from the contact portion to an outer peripheral portion of the sealing membrane.

Abstract: A printhead for an ink jet printer can be formed as a plurality of substructures which are connected subsequent to inspection and/or testing. A substructure can include a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate having a plurality of heater traces which are used to maintain a temperature of melted solid ink within a tolerance of a desired temperature. The traces can be accurately formed using semiconductor processing techniques. Testing and/or inspecting the substructures prior to assembly can reduce rework and scrap, and can allow the formation of printhead structures from a wide variety of materials.

Abstract: A method of processing a liquid discharge head substrate includes the step of providing a recessed portion in the back surface of the substrate by discharging a manufacturing liquid in a linear trajectory to the back surface of the substrate and by irradiating the back surface of the substrate with laser light that passes along and in the manufacturing liquid.

Abstract: A piezoelectric microspeaker fabricated by a method including: forming a lower drive unit by forming a first drive electrode by depositing and etching a first thin conductive layer on a substrate, forming a first piezoelectric plate by depositing and etching a first piezoelectric layer on the first drive electrode, and forming a first common electrode by depositing and etching a second conductive layer on the first piezoelectric plate; after forming the lower drive unit, forming a diaphragm by depositing a non-conductive layer on the first common electrode; and forming an upper drive unit by forming a second common electrode by depositing and etching a third conductive layer on the diaphragm, forming a second piezoelectric plate by depositing and etching a second piezoelectric layer on the second common electrode, and forming a second drive electrode by depositing and etching a fourth conductive layer on the second piezoelectric plate.

Abstract: A method for producing a liquid transport apparatus includes forming a recess, on a surface of a vibration plate on a side not facing the pressure chamber, in one of areas which are defined by dividing an area overlapping with a pressure chamber in a predetermined direction; forming a piezoelectric layer by depositing particles of a piezoelectric material on the surface of the vibration plate on which the recess is formed so that a thickness of a portion of the piezoelectric layer corresponding to the area formed with the recess is thinner than a thickness of a portion corresponding to an area not formed with the recess; and forming a first electrode, on a surface of the piezoelectric layer on a side not facing the vibration plate, in an area overlapping with the pressure chamber and corresponding to the area of the vibration plate not formed with the recess.

Abstract: A liquefier assembly for use in an additive manufacturing system, the liquefier assembly comprising a liquefier tube, a rigid sleeve secured to an inlet end of the liquefier tube, an extrusion tip secured to an outlet end of the liquefier tube, and a hollow liner disposed at least partially within the rigid sleeve such that inner surfaces of the liquefier tube and the hollow liner are substantially flush, and where the inner surface of the hollow liner has a low surface energy.

Abstract: In a liquid drop ejecting head including a diaphragm, a channel member, and a nozzle plate which are laminated in this order, interface surfaces of the channel member and the diaphragm are bonded by an adhesive. The diaphragm is formed to have a laminated structure in which the number of lamination layers is varied at different locations. The diaphragm includes an opening and a filter part, the filter part having plural filtering holes formed in the opening for supplying a liquid to pressurizing liquid chambers of the channel member. A side wall of the channel member disposed to contact or located in a vicinity of the filter part, and a thick-walled portion containing the largest number of lamination layers in the diaphragm do not overlap with each other in a laminating direction.

Abstract: A nozzle plate for a fluid-ejection device, comprising: a first substrate made of semiconductor material, having a first side and a second side; a structural layer extending on the first side of the first substrate, the structural layer having a first side and a second side, the second side of the structural layer facing the first side of the first substrate; at least one first through hole, having an inner surface, extending through the structural layer, the first through hole having an inlet section corresponding to the first side of the structural layer and an outlet section corresponding to the second side of the structural layer; a narrowing element adjacent to the surface of the first through hole, and including a tapered portion such that the inlet section of the first through hole has an area larger than a respective area of the outlet section of the first through hole.

Abstract: A droplet ejection head includes head members, dummy members, a sealant, and elastic members. Each of the head members has a nozzle face where a plurality of nozzles for ejecting droplets are formed and an attaching face which is a back side face with respect to the nozzle face. Each of the dummy members has a dummy nozzle face and an attaching face which is a back side face with respect to the dummy nozzle face. The dummy members are placed at both end sides of the elongated substrate in the longitudinal direction so that second gaps between the outmost head members and the dummy members are formed. The sealant is filled in each of first gaps between the head members and the second gaps, bonds the head members and the dummy members with the outmost head members, and seals the first gaps and the second gaps.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet head has a pressure chamber configured to pressurize ink, a nozzle connected to the pressure chamber configured to eject the ink, and an electrode arranged in the pressure chamber. The electrode is configured to receive a driving voltage to deform the pressure chamber in order to apply pressure on the ink. A parylene film covers the electrode. The parylene film is configured to protect the electrode from the ink. A barrier film is deposited on the parylene film. The barrier film is configured to isolate the parylene film from oxygen.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a discharge port member used in a liquid discharge head, comprising in the following order, preparing a substrate at least whose surface is conductive, the substrate having, formed on said surface, a first insulating resist for forming a discharge port and a second insulating resist for forming a recessed portion of a wall of a flow path, forming on surface a first plating layer by plating using said first resist and said second resist as a mask, removing said second resist, forming a second plating layer on an exposed portion of said substrate from which said second resist has been removed, said second plating layer being formed by plating using said first resist as a mask, said second plating layer forming said recessed portion of said wall, and removing said first resist to form said discharge port and removing said substrate.

Abstract: A Fluid Injection System for rocket engines is disclosed, which comprises methods and apparatus for combining a ring-type rocket injector body and face into a single cast part, eliminating all subassemblies, their associated fabrication and integration costs, and thereby significantly lowering injector costs while increasing injector quality and reliability. The injectors may be used in rocket engines and auxiliary propulsion devices such as gas generators for a variety of applications including rockets, missiles, space launch vehicles, space vehicles, and Lunar, asteroid, and Mars lander vehicles.

Abstract: An inkjet head includes a nozzle plate in which a nozzle having an ejection hole for ink is formed, an ink pressure chamber for supplying the ink to the nozzle, a first oscillating plate formed to surround the ejection hole of the nozzle of the nozzle plate, a first electrode formed to surround the nozzle of the nozzle plate and that is in contact with the first oscillating plate, a piezoelectric film configured to surround the nozzle of the nozzle plate and that is in contact with the first electrode, a second electrode formed to surround the nozzle of the nozzle plate and that is in contact with the piezoelectric film or the first oscillating plate, and a second oscillating plate formed to surround the nozzle of the nozzle plate and that is in contact with the first electrode, the second electrode, or the first oscillating plate.

Abstract: A method for processing a silicon substrate includes providing a combination of a first silicon substrate, a second silicon substrate, and an intermediate layer including a plurality of recessed portions, which is provided between the first silicon substrate and the second silicon substrate, forming a first through hole that goes through the first silicon substrate by executing etching of the first silicon substrate on a surface of the first silicon substrate opposite to a bonding surface with the intermediate layer by using a first mask, and exposing a portion of the intermediate layer corresponding to the plurality of recessed portions of the intermediate layer, forming a plurality of openings on the intermediate layer by removing a portion constituting a bottom of the plurality of recessed portions, and forming a second through hole that goes through the second silicon substrate by executing second etching of the second silicon substrate by using the intermediate layer on which the plurality of openings ar

Abstract: A method for assembling a printhead such as an ink jet printhead can include the use of a laser to bond two or more printhead layers together. In an embodiment, a laser beam is directed through a transparent layer to an energy-absorbing layer, where the energy-absorbing layer is melted such that after removal of the laser beam the melted layer solidifies to adhere the energy-absorbing layer to the transparent layer. In another embodiment, heating the energy-absorbing layer melts the transparent layer to adhere the energy-absorbing layer to the transparent layer after removal of the laser beam. The laser transmission lamination process described can result in a fluid-tight seal which requires less processing time and materials over an adhesive-based process.

Abstract: A method for forming an ink jet printhead subassembly can include the use of a sacrificial form to fabricate a printhead subassembly having a plurality of ink channels therethrough. The sacrificial form can be manufactured using one or more described techniques. The completed printhead subassembly can include a single solid structure manufactured from a single material, or can include more than one solid structures assembled together. A printhead subassembly according to the present teachings can have a reduced number of parts and cost, simplified manufacture, and increased yields and lifetime compared to some other printhead subassemblies.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fluid feed slot in a print head substrate includes making a cut into a first surface of a substrate using a cutting disk having a generally planar surface oriented generally perpendicular to the first surface, and removing material from a second surface of the substrate. Making the cut and removing the material form, in combination, the fluid feed slot in the substrate at least a portion of which passes entirely through the substrate, with a full length of the fluid feed slot extending less than a full length of the substrate, and making the cut into the first surface includes providing a first completed portion of the fluid feed slot with curved surfaces at opposite end walls thereof converging from the first surface toward the second surface.

Abstract: An inkjet head comprises a pressure chamber, piezoelectric elements, and pressure chamber electrodes disposed on an interior side of the pressure chamber, the pressure chamber electrodes being configured to apply a driving voltage to the piezoelectric elements. The inkjet head also includes a nozzle plate adhered to the frame body with the resin film. The nozzle plate includes an ink discharge hole configured to discharge ink. The inkjet head includes a frame body including an attaching part to which a mask that surrounds the outer perimeter of the inkjet head is to be attached. The inkjet head also includes a resin film that coats the pressure chamber electrodes and that includes an end portion that extends to and covers the attaching part. The inkjet head also includes a layer that coats the end portion of the resin film and by which the mask is to be adhered to the frame.

Abstract: A pressure bag for in a fluid cartridge having an opening in open connection with a channel in a wall of the fluid cartridge.

Abstract: An ink cartridge including: a water-based ink for ink-jet recording which contains a dye represented by a general formula (1), a triazole-based compound, and water; and a metallic component which has a contact surface contacting with the water-based ink, a concentration of a iron-oxidized component at the contact surface being not more than 5 atomic % wherein, in the general formula (1), Pc (Cu) represents a copper phthalocyanine nucleus represented by a general formula (Pc).

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid discharge head having a substrate including energy generating elements, and a discharge port member, which is provided with discharge ports and is joined to the substrate, thereby forming liquid flow paths communicating with the discharge ports. The method includes, in the following order, preparing a conductive base on which a first insulating resist and a second insulating resist for forming the discharge ports are stacked in this order; performing plating using the first resist and the second resist as masks, and forming a first plated layer; removing the second resist; performing plating on the base using the first resist as a mask, thereby forming a second plated layer so as to cover the first plated layer; removing the base and the first resist, thereby forming the discharge port member; and joining together the substrate and the discharge port member.

Abstract: An ink jet ink with high structure pigment particles can include a liquid vehicle, high structure pigment particles dispersed in the liquid vehicle at from about 0.2 wt % to about 5.0 wt %, and a polyurethane binder present in the liquid vehicle at from about 0.2 wt % to about 5.0 wt %. The high structure pigment particles can have polymer dispersant adsorbed onto a surface thereof, a DBP absorption value at a minimum of about 75 ml/100 g, and a surface area of about 200 m2/g to about 2000 m2/g.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head formed by performing bonding and fixing operations speedily and highly accurately when a recording element board is bonded to a supporting member, the liquid ejection head having a high liquid-landing accuracy and achieving a high printing quality. A method of manufacturing the liquid ejection head is also provided. Heat is conducted from a holding member, which supports the recording element board, to a thermosetting adhesive via the supporting member, which supports the recording element board, in order to accelerate the curing of the adhesive.

Abstract: According to one feature of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a porous catcher includes providing a catcher face material layer; forming pores in the catcher face material layer using a first etching process that is controlled by a first photolithographic mask; providing a reinforcing structure material layer that is in mechanical contact with the porous catcher face; forming openings in the reinforcing structure material layer using a second etching process that is controlled by a second photolithographic mask; and fluidically connecting the openings in the reinforcing structure and the pores of the catcher face using a material removal process.

Abstract: The liquid jet head (1) has an actuator portion (2). The actuator portion includes a first recessed portion (6), a second recessed portion (7) formed at a distance therefrom, a channel row (9) provided between the first recessed portion and the second recessed portion, the channel row including a plurality of channels (8) arranged therein, the plurality of channels each having one end portion opened to the first recessed portion and the other end portion opened to the second recessed portion, and an electrode terminal row (11) including a plurality of electrode terminals (10) provided on a front surface on an outer peripheral side with respect to the second recessed portion or the first recessed portion, the electrode terminals transmitting a drive signal to the channel row. The electrode terminals for connection to an outside circuit are formed on a side opposite to a liquid droplet ejection side.

Abstract: A showerhead electrode for a plasma processing apparatus includes an interface gel between facing surfaces of an electrode plate and a backing plate. The interface gel maintains thermal conductivity during lateral displacements generated during temperature cycling due to mismatch in coefficients of thermal expansion. The interface gel comprises, for example, a silicone based composite filled with aluminum oxide microspheres. The interface gel can conform to irregularly shaped features and maximize surface contact area between mating surfaces. The interface gel can be pre-applied to a consumable upper electrode.

Abstract: An inkjet print head and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The inkjet print head includes: an upper board having a pressure chamber; and a lower board including an upper silicon layer, an insulating layer, and a lower silicon layer, wherein the lower board includes a projection formed of the upper silicon layer and protruded into the interior of the pressure chamber in order to reduce the space of the pressure chamber, and a lower surface of the upper board and an upper surface of the lower silicon layer are fixed.

Abstract: A carriage for conveying an inkjet printhead in a printer, the carriage including a holding receptacle for the inkjet printhead, the holding receptacle includes a first sidewall; a second sidewall opposite the first sidewall; and a bottom wall extending between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, the bottom wall including a frame surrounding an opening, wherein the frame is configured to be sealingly engageable with a face of the printhead.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an ink-jet head includes preparing a sheet-like piezoelectric material comprising an internal electrode and forming a plurality of individual electrodes at equal intervals in a drive area and an area around the drive area on a surface of the sheet-like piezoelectric material. The method also includes forming a piezoelectric sheet which comprises the plurality of individual electrodes and the internal electrode opposite to the respective individual electrodes by firing the piezoelectric material in which the individual electrodes are formed and forming a plurality of individual electrodes for drive voltage application on a board which drives the piezoelectric sheet. The method further includes electrically connecting the respective individual electrodes in the drive area of the piezoelectric sheet to the respective individual electrodes formed on the board.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid ejecting head, the method including forming a piezoelectric element having a width in a reference direction longer than a width in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the reference direction on a first substrate, and adhering a second substrate to a surface of the first substrate opposed to the piezoelectric element at a temperature higher than a normal temperature, wherein, in the adhering of the second substrate, the second substrate is adhered such that the first direction of the second substrate is adjusted to the reference direction, using a first thermal expansion coefficient in a first direction on an adhesion surface with the first substrate greater than a second thermal expansion coefficient in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and the first thermal expansion coefficient greater than a thermal expansion coefficient of the first substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element, includes: a heating step of heating a piezoelectric film to a temperature not lower than a temperature at which a coercive electric field of the piezoelectric film becomes not higher than 0 V; an electric field application step of applying, to the piezoelectric film, an applied electric field in an opposite direction to a direction of orientation of the piezoelectric film while maintaining the temperature to which the piezoelectric film is heated in the heating step; and a temperature lowering step of lowering a temperature of the piezoelectric film to a temperature, in degrees Celsius, not higher than ? of the Curie temperature while maintaining the applied electric field of a magnitude not lower than the coercive electric field applied to the piezoelectric film after the electric field application step, and then releasing the applied electric field applied to the piezoelectric film.

Abstract: A spool assembly for use in an additive manufacturing system, comprising a spool rotatably retained in a sealed sheath in a hub-less manner, and a locking mechanism configured to operably engage with the spool to prevent the spool from rotating.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a liquid ejection head which includes a substrate having an energy generating element and a wall member joined with the substrate to form an ejection orifice which ejects liquid and a flow path which communicates to the ejection orifice, the process including, in the following order, the steps of (B) forming, on the substrate, a flow path pattern form for forming the flow path, (C) forming, around the flow path pattern form, a cover resin layer for forming the wall member, and (D) transferring a surface form of the substrate to a surface of the cover resin layer so as to correspond to a pattern of the surface form of the substrate.

Abstract: This invention is a manufacturing method of a liquid discharge head that includes a substrate having a plurality of discharge energy generating elements that generate energy that is utilized for discharging a liquid, and a discharge port forming member that constitutes a discharge port group including a plurality of discharge ports that discharge the liquid and flow paths that communicate with the discharge port group. The manufacturing method includes (1) disposing a photosensitive resin as material of the discharge port forming member on or above the substrate, and (2) forming an exposure pattern of the discharge port group using ultraviolet light in the photosensitive resin. In the aforementioned (2), the discharge port group is divided in a longitudinal direction and exposed, and the exposures are respectively performed so that regions in which there is a high degree of telecentricity face each other.

Abstract: A liquid droplet ejection head includes plural nozzles; plural individual liquid chambers; a common liquid chamber supplying liquid to the plural individual liquid chambers; a filter sheet member including plural pores formed therein to filter the liquid; and a frame body including an opening part and being in connection with the filter sheet member with adhesive. Further, a size of a region where the plural pores are formed is greater than the opening part of the frame body; an adhesive accumulation area is formed on an inner peripheral end of the opening part; and a size of the adhesive accumulation area in a protruding direction of the adhesive is greater than a size of an area between adjacent pores in the filter sheet member.

Abstract: A recording head includes flange portions to which spacers are anchored on both sides of the recording head with a head case therebetween. Spacer attachment holes are provided in the flange portions in the center of the width direction orthogonal to a nozzle row in the recording head, and a round hole and an oblong hole relative to the spacers are provided in the flange portions in positions that are distanced from a center line in the width direction. Positioning holes for the flange portions are provided in the spacers in positions that correspond to the round hole and the oblong hole in the flange portions, and the spacers are anchored to the flange portions on both sides so as to be oriented symmetrically to each other, in a positioned state in which the positions of the positioning holes are aligned with the round hole and the oblong hole.

Abstract: A liquid jet head has an actuator with grooves arranged on a surface of a substrate. The actuator is configured to discharge liquid from nozzles communicating with respective ones of the grooves. A flow path member supplies the liquid to the grooves of the actuator. A damper member is provided between the actuator and the flow path member for coupling the actuator and the flow path member to each other. The damper member is bonded with an adhesive to each of the actuator and the flow path member.

Abstract: A method for producing an elastic plate for a liquid jet head, which includes etching a rolled metal plate based on a rolling direction of the rolled metal plate, to form an etched portion and a non-etched portion on the rolled metal plate. The thickness of the etched portion is thinner than the thickness of the non-etched portion and the rolling direction is substantially perpendicular to a long side of the rolled metal plate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid ejection head substrate, including: (1) a step for etching a substrate, which has an energy generating element at a side of a first surface, from a side of a second surface, which is a surface on the opposite side from the first surface, thereby to form at a time at least a part of a liquid supply port and a recess along a cutting section of the substrate; (2) a step for irradiating a laser beam toward the side of first surface from the etched surface of the recess so as to form a reformed portion inside the substrate; and (3) a step for cutting the substrate at the reformed portion.

Abstract: Embodiments include electromagnetic flow regulators for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid, systems for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid, methods of regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid, nuclear fission reactors, systems for regulating flow of an electrically conductive reactor coolant, methods of regulating flow of an electrically conductive reactor coolant in a nuclear fission reactor, and methods of fabricating an electromagnetic flow regulator for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an inkjet printhead is provided in which a supporting substrate is provided, a conductive layer is deposited and patterned on one side of the supporting substrate, an insulating layer is deposited on the conductive layer, holes are etched through the insulating layer to the conductive layer, metal is deposited in the holes to form metallic vias, an outer surface of the insulating layer and one end of each of the metallic vias are planarized, and a layer of heater material is deposited and patterned on the outer surface to form a heater with a resistive element extending between a pair of contacts. The metallic vias electrically connect the contacts to the conductive layer.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a first nozzle substrate having a first tapered nozzle unit aligned with a pressure chamber and a second nozzle substrate having a second tapered nozzle unit aligned with the first tapered nozzle unit and attached to the bottom of the first nozzle substrate.

Abstract: A method of making an ink cartridge by forming the ink cartridge with an ink chamber and an air accumulation chamber, forming a vent hole at a first end of the air accumulation chamber, and disposing a one way valve at the vent hole for preventing gas from entering the air accumulation chamber through the vent hole. A mass is placed within the air accumulation chamber, the mass having a dimension smaller than an interior dimension of the air accumulation chamber such that the mass is movable between the first end and a second end of the air accumulation chamber.

Abstract: An inkjet recording head includes: plural element substrates from which ink is ejected; and a flexible wiring substrate which includes a first wiring area, a second wiring area and a bending portion, the first wiring area including plural openings in which the element substrates are placed and which includes, in the periphery thereof, electrode terminals electrically connected to the element substrates, and the bending portion being bent between the first wiring area and the second wiring area. The flexible wiring substrate includes a slit which extends between the plural openings and reaches the bending portion or a position further than the bending portion from an end portion of the flexible wiring substrate on the side on which the first wiring area is provided, at a position opposite to the bending portion.

Abstract: A method of forming a component for a droplet deposition apparatus, includes the steps of: providing a protection material so as to fill fluid chambers and; directing a high-powered laser at the component so as to ablate an array of nozzles communicating with respective filter chambers. The protection material acts to inhibit damage to the walls of the chamber during ablation, such as damage to the interior passivation coating, or electrodes provided on the walls of the chamber, and can be removed for example by flushing with a heated solvent.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a wiring board includes a first process of preparing a substrate having a hole passing through a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; a second process of closing the opening of the hole in the first surface with a wiring member; a third process of supplying a powder conductive material onto the second surface to fill the hole with the conductive material; a fourth process of removing the conductive material that is not charged into the hole from the top of the second surface; and a fifth process of melting the conductive material that fills the hole by heating the conductive material and thereafter solidifying the conductive material.

Abstract: A method includes attaching multiple layers to a back side of at least a portion of a fluid dispensing subassembly having at least one inlet port to form a fluid dispensing assembly, aligning a laser to a region of the fluid dispensing assembly, the region corresponding to the inlet port, and forming at least one hole in the region using a laser, the hole completing a path through the layers to the inlet port. A fluid dispensing assembly has a fluid dispensing subassembly having at least one inlet port, a fluid manifold having at least one outlet, at least two layers between the fluid dispensing subassembly and the manifold, and a fluid path in the at least two layers between the outlet and the inlet port, the fluid path having smooth walls and substantially uniform width.

Abstract: A method can produce a liquid discharge head including a liquid discharge energy generating element, a liquid discharge port, a liquid flow path, an electric circuit for driving the liquid discharge energy generating element, a first electrode pad for exchanging electrical signals with the exterior and a second electrode pad for testing the electric circuit. The method includes preparing a substrate provided with a conductive layer for forming the first electrode pad and the second electrode pad, forming a protective layer directly on the second electrode pad, after forming the protective layer, forming a metal layer by an electro less plating method on the conductive layer, removing the protective layer after the metal layer is formed, and providing a layer comprised of a resin on the second electrode pad after the protective layer is removed.