Abstract: A modular reconfigurable bumper system for an off road vehicle includes a center base mountable to the front of the vehicle. The center base has ends, a top face, and a front face. A pair of first mounting locations having associated mounting holes are located on the front face of the center base adjacent its ends and a pair of second mounting locations having associated mounting holes are located on the top face adjacent the ends of the center base. A pair of third mounting locations are located on the ends of the center base. A plurality of optional accessories including end plates, end extenders, an overrider, a prerunner, a stinger, and D-rings are selectively mountable to the center base, all via the first, second, and third mounting locations. The system also includes a rear bumper assembly mountable to the back of the vehicle and having a hinged spare tire carrier and D-rings selectively attachable to the rear bumper via common fourth mounting locations.

Abstract: A system to couple a plastic part and a body structure includes a plate and an elastic member as part of the body structure. Additionally, the plastic part includes an opening and an oblique stop at an end of the opening. The plate is received within the opening. The elastic member includes a first end that is free and a second end that is fixed to the plate. The elastic member biases the plate with respect to the plastic part. In a first position, the first end of the elastic member contacts the oblique stop. In a second position, the first end of the elastic member contacts the oblique stop such that the first end of the elastic member is displaced in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction compared to the first position. Additionally, the elastic member is slideable along the oblique stop.

Abstract: A bumper for a motor vehicle includes a cross member extending transversely to side rails of a vehicle frame. The cross member has a U-shaped cross section which is defined by a web connected on opposite ends to two legs, respectively, and configured to point in a direction of the motor vehicle. The web has a reinforcement embossment in a central length section of the cross member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanism for reinforcing a fascia including at least one reinforcement structure and at least one strengthening feature. The reinforcement structure is attached to the fascia so that at least a portion of the fascia is covered by the reinforcement structure. The strengthening feature is on at least one side of the reinforcement structure.

Abstract: The impact absorbers having different lengths are formed by providing notches in one of opposed surfaces on front end side in a collision direction of a square pipe having a square in cross section. The three impact absorbers are disposed in a width direction while two impact absorbers are disposed in a height direction such that directions of the notches differ from each other, and the impact absorbers are disposed in integrally welded to form the impact-absorbing member.

Abstract: A vehicle body strength adjusting system is provided in which a bumper beam includes a body portion which extends in a widthwise direction of a vehicle and inclined portions which extend from left and right opposite ends of the body portion and which are inclined in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Further, the vehicle body strength adjusting system includes a variable crush-strength device which is disposed between the inclined portions of the vehicle body frames, which can be crushed when a collision with the vehicle occurs, and which has a variable crush-strength. A first bolt hole is formed in each of the inclined portions of the bumper beam and a second bolt hole is formed in the mounting bracket of the variable crush-strength device. At least one of the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole is an elongate hole. The first bolt hole and the second bolt hole are fastened to each other by a bolt.

Abstract: A bumper beam for a vehicle has a hat shaped profile with the crown (12-14) facing the vehicle and has a cover (17) that gives the bumper beam a closed profile. The bumper beam has two mountings (20, 21) that usually are adapted to be fitted to the side rails of the vehicle. The cover is extended on both sides past the mountings, but leaves the outer portions of the hat beam open. The crown of the open open portions of the hat beam have a longitudonal indentation (32) and a profile height that decreases towards the ends.

Abstract: The supporting piece is intended to be mounted at the end of a motor vehicle side member, this side member including, in the continuation thereof, a plate for mounting a transverse impact beam. The supporting piece includes a bearing surface for an absorber positioned in front of this bearing surface, the bearing surface being arranged in such a way as to extend under the mounting plate and substantially parallel thereto when the supporting piece is mounted at the end of the side member. The supporting piece is shaped in such a way that it does not deform irreversibly when the vehicle suffers an insurance impact.

Abstract: A road vehicle 10A with a bonnet or engine compartment 14A and engine 32A is provided with pedestrian protection structure 42. This is formed by first assessing the structure of the vehicle 10A to determine the ability of the structure to provide at least partial absorption of a pre-defined impact to the vehicle (such as a simulated head or leg impact). The additional structure 42 is mounted on the vehicle 10A to provide partial absorption of the initial impact, at least sufficient for the vehicle structure to absorb any remaining energy of impact.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bumper cross-member including an elongated body having a three-dimensional configuration formed from several metal sheet elements joined together by welding and shaped. The three-dimensional configuration has a non-uniform open transversal section along the body. The method includes joining several metal sheet elements together by welding in order to produce a flat tailored blank and shaping the tailored blank to produce the body. Shaping is carried out by hot or cold stamping. The several metal sheet elements can be joined either mutually adjacent or overlaid by different welding techniques, they can be of different of identical thicknesses and of the same type or different types of steel.

Abstract: An energy absorber includes a base flange and elongated crush boxes that to form a substantially continuously face surface on the energy absorber. Back straps are attached across a back of the crush boxes to prevent unacceptable spreading of the side walls of the crush boxes during an impact. The back straps can be integrally formed when the energy absorber is molded, and can include a living hinge at one end and a free end that can be bent over and snap attached during post-molding assembly without additional secondary operations. Alternatively, a separate wall-stabilizing thermoformed component is sandwiched between the energy absorber and beam.

Abstract: An impact-absorbing device that absorbs impact force when a collision has occurred with an object having relatively low rigidity. The impact-absorbing device is provided with a guide piece that extends in a horizontal direction substantially horizontal to the input direction of the impact, and a movable piece that is movably supported along the guide piece. The guide piece and movable piece deform to absorb impact force when the impact force has acted on the guide piece.

Abstract: A bumper body extends in a vehicle-width direction and is formed with an air intake opening. A garnish extends in a vehicle-width direction, is attached to the air intake opening and has a first engaging portion. A bezel is adapted to cover a light of the vehicle, is attached to the bumper body and has a first engaged portion. The garnish and the bezel are arranged in the vehicle-width direction. The first engaged portion is engaged with the first engaging portion.

Abstract: A vehicular bumper structure includes plural load detection sensors (28, 30, 32, 34, 52) disposed at predetermined intervals in a vehicle body vertical direction between a load transmitting plate (36, 50) disposed with a bumper touch sensor and a front wall portion (20C) of a bumper reinforcement. The load transmitting plate (36, 50) is configured so as to be displaced towards a vehicle body rear side with respect to the front wall portion (20C) of the bumper reinforcement (20).

Abstract: A vehicular metal absorber for efficiently absorbing by a short stroke the impact energy received from legs of a pedestrian at the time of a collision between a pedestrian and an automobile, reducing the residual crush, and protecting the legs of the pedestrian, that is, a long vehicular metal absorber comprising a center flange, a top web and bottom web connected to the two sides of the center flange, a top flange connected to the top web, and a bottom flange connected to the bottom web and formed overall into a hat shaped cross-section, wherein an internal angle ?1 formed by the top web with a flange plane including the top flange and bottom flange and an internal angle ?2 formed by the bottom web with the flange plane are respectively over 0 degree to less than 90 degrees, and in that one or both of the top web and bottom web are provided with a recessed or projecting bead substantially parallel to a front-back direction of a vehicle.

Abstract: A bumper absorber includes an upper leg and a lower leg, each of which extends in a longitudinal direction of an automobile, and a spanning portion. The spanning portion connects the upper leg and the lower leg, and faces an outer surface side of the bumper absorber in a longitudinal direction of the automobile. Each of the upper leg and the lower leg includes a buckling inductive portion that serves as a starting point of the buckling that is caused when the spanning portion receives an impact load. The buckling inductive portion is formed as an angular transition portion in which the angle of inclination between inner side surfaces changes. The inner side surfaces mutually face between the upper leg and the lower leg that include the buckling inductive portion.

Abstract: A bumper beam structure is provided. The bumper beam structure has a plurality of vertically long weak parts formed in a front surface of the bumper beam. These weak parts are formed having a predetermined interval along the lengthwise direction of the bumper beam.

Abstract: A bumper beam for mounting to a frame assembly of a motor vehicle at one end of the motor vehicle includes opposing end portions adapted to be mounted to the frame assembly of the motor vehicle and a centrally disposed intermediate portion extending between the end portions. The end portions and the intermediate portion define an upper wall, a lower wall, and a central wall between the upper and lower walls. The upper and lower walls each have an elongated arcuate flange that extends from a free end of a respective upper and lower wall along a length of the bumper beam. The arcuate flange of each of the upper and lower walls defines an outwardly facing concave surface and an inwardly facing convex surface.

Abstract: A vehicle bumper and a method for making a vehicle bumper formed of first and second members. Each of the first and second members are formed of substantially similar first and second U-shaped members positioned such that the respective sidewalls of the first and second U-shaped members are positioned adjacent one another. The bumper including a plurality of apertures therein formed by cutouts extending inward from the peripheral edge of each of the first and second U-shaped members.

Abstract: A bumper skin made of plastics material including a front portion, at least one side overrider, and a face of the bumper skin that is visible presenting a shape irregularity between the front portion and the overrider. The front portion and the overrider are constituted by two distinct parts, at least one of the two distinct parts is linked to the shape irregularity, and the shape irregularity includes a hole passing through the bumper skin.

Abstract: A protector assembly for a roll cage on a vehicle. The protector assembly includes a roll cage having a pair of uprights, each of the uprights having a first end secured to the vehicle and a second end secured to a roof member. Each of the uprights also has an outer surface facing outward away from the vehicle. A removable insert is secured to the outer surface of each of the uprights and protects the uprights from coming in contact with another member and being worn down.

Abstract: A bumper beam structure for a vehicle includes a height-raising wall provided on an upper portion of a beam body to be fixedly on left and right frames of a vehicle body. The height-raising wall includes: a bottom wall portion fixed to the upper portion of the beam body; a running-up preventing wall portion extending upwardly from the bottom wall portion; a first reinforcing wall portion connecting to the respective one end of the running-up preventing and bottom wall portions; and a second reinforcing wall portion connecting to the respective other ends of the running-up preventing and bottom wall portions. With such a height-raising wall, the bumper beam structure can interfere with another vehicle of a higher height to prevent the other vehicle from running up onto the vehicle provided with the bumper beam structure.

Abstract: A vehicle rear structure is provided. The structure includes: a bumper reinforcement disposed such that the length direction thereof extends along a vehicle width direction; a bumper cover provided at a vehicle rear side of the bumper reinforcement; a reflector provided on the bumper cover such that a functional reflecting portion thereof is disposed directed towards the bumper reinforcement; and a reflector protecting member provided in the bumper reinforcement, including a bumper cover abutting portion that abuts the bumper cover during a vehicle rear collision, and a reflector accommodating portion capable of accommodating the reflector with a space when the bumper cover abuts the bumper cover abutting portion.

Abstract: A bumper arrangement in or for a vehicle is provided that includes, but is not limited to a bumper, comprising at least one headlamp housing disposed at least partially in the bumper, that includes, but is not limited to a device for positioning the headlamp housing relative to the bumper, having a first receiving means, at which the bumper is attached, a first engagement means, which is firmly connected to the first receiving means, and the first engagement means is displaceably in engagement with the headlamp housing along an x axis, wherein the first engagement means has a fixed distance to the first receiving means along the z axis substantially perpendicularly to the x axis.

Abstract: A front shock-absorber assembly for a motor vehicle includes, at each of the right-hand and left-hand sides thereof, at least a lower longitudinal structural element (6, 7) and an upper longitudinal structural element (4, 5). The shock-absorber assembly includes a high-energy impact absorption structure (12) which includes an elongate right-hand plate (18) and left-hand plate (19), each plate being fixedly joined to a lower longitudinal element and an upper longitudinal element located at the same side of the vehicle; and a deformable right-hand element (30) and left-hand element (31) for absorbing medium-energy impacts, a rear surface of a deformable element moving into abutment against the majority of a front surface of an associated plate.

Abstract: An energy absorber for aircraft, which includes one or more energy absorber elements and a housing, whereby the energy absorber elements can absorb crash impulses by plastic deformation within the housing. Thus, the load on the primary structure and the respective inboard devices is limited, which can lead to an increased, passive safety of the passengers and a weight reduction.

Abstract: A multi-sectional, modular energy absorber 10 comprising one or more modules, which have one or more energy absorbing units 12. Some have a first section 14 and a second section 16 in some embodiments that are united like a clamshell to form the energy absorbing unit 12. There is a means for locating the sections 18 in relation to each other. First and second flange sections 20,22 extend from at least some of the first and second sections. There are means for coordinating energy absorbing units 24 in one of the one or more modules, the means for coordinating 24 having a topography including a number (n) of apertures 26 defined therein, where n is an integer?0. At least some of the sections include an upper perimeter 28, a lower perimeter 30 and an intermediate wall 32 extending therebetween with a number (m) of breaches defined in the intermediate wall before impact, where m is an integer?0.

Abstract: A multi-sectional, modular energy absorber 10 comprising one or more modules, which have one or more energy absorbing units 12. Some have a first section 14 and a second section 16 that are united like a clamshell to form the energy absorbing unit 12. There is a means for locating the sections 18 in relation to each other. First and second flange sections 20,22 extend from at least some of the first and second sections. There are means for coordinating energy absorbing units 24 in one of the one or more modules, the means for coordinating 24 having a topography including a number (n) of apertures 26 defined therein, where n is an integer ?0. At least some of the sections include an upper perimeter 28, a lower perimeter 30 and an intermediate wall 32 extending therebetween with a number (m) of breaches defined in the intermediate wall before impact, where m is an integer ?0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bumper beam which has a generally U shape with a central flange (12; 12?) and two webs (13, 14; 13?, 14?), which central flange in the longitudinal middle portion of the beam points outwards from a vehicle and has a longitudinal concavity (17; 17?), which deepens progressively towards the end portions of the beam in order to change to or connect to fastening plates (20,21;20?,21?).

Abstract: A bumper beam has a bow-formed outer profile (14), that has a central flange (16) and two webs (15, 18) and is fastened in two crash boxes (12, 13) with its central flange facing away from the crashboxes. The outer profile has a cover (15) so that the bumper beam will have a closed profile. The cover (15) has a central flange (24) and two webs (25, 26). The webs (17, 18) of the outer profile (14) are joined in pairs with the webs (25, 26) of the cover (15), and the web height of the cover at its center is bigger than the web height of the outer profile (14) at its center.

Abstract: A safety bumper system for a high profile vehicle, such as a pick-up truck or sport utility vehicle. The system comprises of a pair of vertical members which are coupled to the frame of a high profile vehicle, proximate one of the bumpers. The members are coupled so that they extend downward sufficiently to contact a bumper of a conventional passenger vehicle in the event of a collision between the high profile vehicle and the passenger vehicle. Impact pads are positioned over the vertical members, and bumper covers may be positioned over the pads. The impact pads may slope outwardly and include a plurality of grooves, in order to assist in preventing a conventional passenger vehicle from sliding upwardly or downwardly along the safety bumper system upon impact with the high profile vehicle.

Abstract: A bumper for a motor vehicle that includes a proximity sensor is provided. The bumper includes a bumper beam having a vehicle surface and an energy absorbing surface, the vehicle surface having a bracket to attach to a forward end or rearward end of the motor vehicle. An energy absorber extends along a length of the bumper beam, the energy absorber having a bumper beam side and an impact side. The bumper beam side of the energy absorber can have a tab to attach to the energy absorbing surface of the bumper beam and the impact side can have a plurality of box-shaped energy absorbing sections and a sensor section. The proximity sensor is attached to the energy absorber at the sensor section.

Abstract: A rear bumper assembly includes a bumper body having an exterior surface and an interior surface. The bumper body defines at least one aperture therethrough. The at least one aperture is located on an upper portion of the bumper body. A step garnish is received on the upper portion and secured to the bumper body. At least one carrying structure is integrally molded on an underside of the step garnish and received through the at least one aperture for carrying a wire or wire harness along the interior surface of the bumper body. The wire harness can be operatively connected to one or more corner sensors installed on the bumper body.

Abstract: A trailer crash attenuation assembly includes a longitudinal hollow member adapted to act as a hydraulic cylinder at one end, hydraulic fluid disposed in the hydraulic cylinder and a tank connected to the hydraulic cylinder to receive and store said hydraulic fluid expressed from the hydraulic cylinder. A first longitudinal telescopic member is adapted to slide into and out of the longitudinal hollow member and is adapted to act a piston. Two other longitudinal hollow members are positioned substantially parallel to and on either side of the first longitudinal hollow member and are connected to the first longitudinal hollow member. Two telescopic members are adapted to slide into and out of the two other longitudinal hollow members respectively. A casing is connected at its proximal end to all three longitudinal hollow members, is adapted at its distal end to receive a crash cushion; and has a pair of wheels.

Abstract: An energy absorbing beam structure has controlled crush characteristics. The beam is an elongated structure in which at least a portion of the length of the beam is configured so that a cross section taken transverse to the length of the beam defines a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a first hollow flange projecting from the first sidewall and a second hollow flange projecting from the second sidewall together with a front wall extending between the first and second sidewalls. The beam may be configured to define an open or closed tubular structure and may define one or more central lobes. In an impact condition the beam crushes in a reliable and controlled manner so as to absorb a large amount of kinetic energy. Further disclosed are motor vehicles which include the energy absorbing beams as well as roll forming processes for fabricating the beams.

Abstract: An energy absorber for a vehicle bumper system includes a plurality of crush boxes that are configured to absorb impact energy. Each of the plurality of crush boxes are generally hollow and have a front wall and a plurality of side walls integrally formed with and extending from the front wall to a rear of the energy absorber. A first crush box is separated from a second crush box by a distance such that an open space is defined between a side wall of the first crush box and a side wall of the second crush box. At least one rib extends between the side wall of the first crush box and the side wall of the second crush box in the open space to couple the first crush box to the second crush box. The at least one rib is integrally formed with the first crush box and the second crush box, and extends at least partially between the rear of the energy absorber and the front walls of the first and second crush boxes.

Abstract: A fender configuration for a motor vehicle has a fender and a deformation element which is C-shaped in cross section. For the substantially vertically oriented supporting of an upper edge of the fender, an upper limb of the deformation element is connected to the fender and a lower limb is connected to the vehicle body. It is important that the C-shaped deformation element is arranged such that it is open toward the associated fender.

Abstract: A motor vehicle bumper that has enhanced energy absorption characteristics and that includes one or more unique geometry configurations that extend “softer” energy absorbing surfaces forward in the system while nesting more “rigid” energy absorbing surfaces more rearward only to come into effect when higher energy impacts are observed. The dual energy absorption may be achieved using a number of configurations and/or methods or a combination of several. In one or more embodiments, the wall thickness of the material used in the component or components may be varied, materials having different stiffness properties may be used, and/or geometries of different depth and section stiffness may be alternated across the bumper system.

Abstract: The method includes providing a planar sheet part; forming the planar sheet part by drawing or conical spinning to the shape of a partially formed part made up of a plate and a provisional hollow portion extending from the plate with a revolution shape with respect to an axis perpendicular to the plate, and an end wall closing an end of the provisional hollow portion opposite to the plate; and elongating a section of the provisional hollow portion by cylindrical or conical spinning. The shock absorber is integral with a plate and an elongated hollow portion extending from the plate with a revolution shape. A section of the elongated hollow portion has a thickness that is thinner than the thickness of the plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides for various embodiments of a tray energy absorber comprising a base, a first transverse wall that is arcuate and extends from the base, a second transverse wall spaced apart from the first transverse wall and which extends from the base. The tray energy absorber further comprises a plurality of ribs that extend from the base joining the first transverse wall to the second transverse wall. In one embodiment the density of the ribs varies along the transverse width of the tray energy absorber. In another embodiment at least one of the plurality of ribs is greater than 50% of the height of the first transverse wall or the second transverse wall where the rib joins the first and second transverse walls. The present invention also provides for a bumper system used in a vehicle that includes a tray energy absorber attached to a bumper beam. The bumper system optionally includes a fascia that substantially envelops the bumper beam and the tray energy absorber.

Abstract: A bumper beam provided in a bumper for vehicles is disclosed. The bumper beam of the present invention includes a vertical rib, which sections a space in the bumper beam into several spaces in a vertical direction, and horizontal ribs, which section the space in the bumper beam into several spaces in horizontal directions. The horizontal rib that is disposed behind the vertical rib is thicker than the horizontal rib that is disposed ahead of the vertical rib. Therefore, the bumper beam can impact energy in a consecutive impact absorbing manner.

Abstract: A bumper device for a vehicle includes a bumper reinforcement provided along a width direction of the vehicle. The bumper reinforcement is formed with a hole at an impact surface thereof and is provided with at least four ridge lines extending along the width direction of the vehicle at a side of the impact surface.

Abstract: Bumper beam of a closed sectional shape includes: a vehicle-body-side inner wall portion to be mounted on a vehicle body; upper and lower outwardly-extending wall portions that extend from the upper and lower ends of the inner wall portion toward the outside of the vehicle body; an outer wall portion connecting the outwardly-extending wall portions; and at least one horizontal inner rib connecting the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion, the outer wall portion having a vertical wall portion extending vertically downward from the outer end of the upper outwardly-extending wall portion and a slanted wall portion slanted from the lower end of the vertical wall portion toward the vehicle body. Gusset of a closed sectional shape includes a horizontal rib for dispersing an impact force at least to the slanted wall portion.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of polymerization and processing of polymer and relates to the preparation of a kind of functional polyolefin master batch. The functional master batch is produced by liquid phase, melt phase, or solid phase reaction after mixing the polyolefin resin, polyamine and guanidine salt oligomer, olefin monomer and initiator. The molecular structure of functional polyolefin master batch is shown below: wherein R is a polyamine and guanidine salt oligomer bonded onto polyolefin molecular chain by covalence bond, while S is one selected from hydrogen, chlorine, methyl, or phenyl group. Blending mentioned functional master batch with the corresponding polyolefin, the various antimicrobe products, such as fibers, film, pipe and other plastic articles can be obtained. Besides endowing products with excellent permanent antimicrobe property, it also provides fibers with good-dyeable and antistatic ability and bumpers with easy-paintable ability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a back beam structure for a vehicle. The back beam structure for a vehicle includes extension parts formed at both distal end portions of a back beam. The back beam extends in a width direction of a vehicle and then is gently curved toward the front side of the vehicle. The extension parts are curved toward the rear side of the vehicle and then extend straightly. Accordingly, the back beam structure generates a repulsive force, which is generated at rounded corners of a vehicle, of a back beam against offset collision of the vehicle in a direction opposite to a collision direction, so that a supporting force of a bumper is improved. Further, the back beam structure allows the bumper not to slide on the back beam.

Abstract: An impact absorbing device which can absorb an impact, includes an exterior pipe, an interior pipe having a base part, the base part having one or more holes, and an interior pipe axially slidable within the exterior pipe. The device includes one or more movable resistance bodies arranged within the one or more holes, a support part having first, second and third sections and being movably arranged within the interior pipe. The device further includes an interior pipe movement component and a support part movement component which applies an energization power to the interior pipe. In a first operation mode, the second section faces the one or more holes and in a second operation mode the third section faces the one or more holes.

Abstract: A bumper beam (10) e.g. for an SUV, has its flange portions (18, 19) positioned high and extends asymmetrically downwards relative to them. It has an outwardly convex profile which has in its lower portion a longitudinal concavity (16) which, near to the lower edge of the profile, ends with a forward-pointing profile portion (21). The result is less risk that the bumper will climb up over a lower-positioned bumper (30) which it collides with.

Abstract: A pedestrian protection apparatus disposed at a front of a vehicle for protecting a pedestrian in the event of a collision between the pedestrian and a front end of the vehicle, the apparatus including: a leg sweep member which is disposed at a lower part of the front end of the vehicle so as to protrude frontward for sweeping a leg portion of the pedestrian; and a fixing mechanism which fixes the leg sweep member to a structural member of the vehicle and which releases the fixation of the leg sweep member to the structural member when an object including the pedestrian advances, by an amount that exceeds a prescribed reference amount, with respect to the vehicle in a backward direction of the vehicle from a position of the front end of the vehicle against which the object has hit upon the collision.

Abstract: This invention in some embodiments includes a secure material handling apparatus such as a vehicle which provides rear loading of material from material containers, and in some further embodiments provides for such rear loading from curbside or ground level, or from a loading dock. In further embodiments the enclosure utilized is secure in that it may be configured to prevent unauthorized entry into any part of the vehicle.

Abstract: A bumper beam includes an open front section made from a high-strength material such as ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) material, and further includes a mating back section made of lower-strength material attached to a rear side of the front section along abutting flanges. The front and back sections combine to define different tubular cross sections. The front section can be roll-formed, and the back section can be stamped, thus taking advantage of roll-forming processes' ability to form high-strength materials, while allowing the back section to have a more complicated shape and be stamped. The abutting flanges telescopingly overlap in a fore-aft direction of the vehicle and are welded together at locations that potentially experience shear upon impact, but the flanges of the front section are captured within the flanges of the backs section, thus providing impact strength even if the attachment locations shear off.