Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion device with an electrically conductive working fluid flowing through a conduit in a magnetic field has permanent magnets aligned for maximum field density for inducing an electric current in the fluid and a multistage cooling system for cryogenically cooling the magnets whereby heat is removed from the device at successive cooling stages having respective different coolants, e.g., water, liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, to maintain the magnets at temperatures low enough to produce high tesla magnetic flux densities in the presence of a high temperature working fluid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for motional/vibrational energy harvesting are disclosed. Embodiments of the subject invention utilize the non-resonant chaotic behavior of a free-rolling magnet to generate power. In one embodiment, the magnet can be spherical, cylindrical, or elliptical. The magnet can roll about a linear, cylindrical, helical, or cage-like track. The changing magnetic flux due to the magnet rolling about the track induces current in surrounding coils. The coils can be provided around the track using a continuous winding placement, segmented winding placement, or fractional winding placement. Multiple coil phases are also possible. For embodiments utilizing multiple magnets, spacers can be used to maintain a separation between magnets.

Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion device has a tungsten housing containing a working fluid and a conduit leading from and reentering the housing under pressure developed by heating the fluid with by an optical concentrator which directs rays from the sun at the housing. A voltage is developed across electrodes spaced within the conduit as the heated fluid passes therethrough. The fluid may be directed to turn a gas turbine for driving an electric generator.

Abstract: An electromotive cooling head includes a substrate, an N-pole magnet, and an S-pole magnet, and kept in intimate contact with the backside of the semiconductor integrated circuit so as to cover it. The substrate has a fluid channel having a micro-channel structure, through which a conductive fluid flows. An anode and a cathode are disposed to sandwich the fluid channel. The conductive fluid interacts with a magnetic field to thereby induce an electromotive force between the anode and the cathode. A circuit includes, on its backside, a power supply voltage terminal and a ground terminal, and is driven by the electromotive force induced in the electromotive cooling head.

Abstract: An integrated electro-magnetohydrodynamic pump may include a flow channel adapted to contain a fluid to be pumped and a plurality of electrodes positioned adjacent the flow channel. Voltage control means operatively associated with the plurality of electrodes applies a voltage potential on the plurality of electrodes. A plurality of magnets are also positioned adjacent the flow channel. Magnet control means operatively associated with the plurality of magnets changes magnetic fields produced by the plurality of magnets with respect to the flow channel. The voltage control means and the magnet control means are operable to pump fluid contained in the flow channel by an electro-osmotic flow process and by a magnetohydrodynamic flow process.

Abstract: A wave energy conversion apparatus comprising:—one or more movable buoyant members; one or more movable reaction masses located independent of the sea bed; said one or more reaction masses being suspended beneath said one or more buoyant members by a plurality of linkages, each linkage comprising an elongate non-rigid member which allows the or each buoyant member and the or each reaction mass to each move relative to one another; at least two of said linkages extending between the or one of said one or more buoyant members and the or one of said one or more reaction masses at an orientation inclined to the vertical; each linkage comprising, or being associated with, at least one extensible member whereby the effective length of each linkage can vary between an extended and a non-extended configuration such that the or each reaction mass can move with respect to the or each buoyant member in both a vertical and a horizontal direction, the extensible member providing a restoring force for biasing the linkage t

Abstract: A magneto-plasma-dynamic (MPD) generator, comprising: a conveying duct shaped for conveying a high velocity, conductive fluid; a magnetic field generator arranged to generate a magnetic field across the conveying duct, substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the fluid, such that the fluid passes through the magnetic field (2) when conveyed by the duct; electrodes provided in the conveying duct to conduct a current induced in the fluid as it is conveyed by the conveying duct through the magnetic field; and an electrode supplying mechanism configured to supply a conductive liquid for replenishing the electrodes.

Abstract: A magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) generator comprising a conveying duct (6) shaped for conveying a high velocity, conductive fluid; a magnetic field generator arranged to generate a magnetic field (2) across the conveying duct (6), substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the fluid, such that the fluid passes through the magnetic field (2) when conveyed by the duct (6); electrodes (4) arranged to conduct a current (5) induced in the fluid as it is conveyed by the conveying duct (6) through the magnetic field (2); and a fluid break-down circuit arranged to electrically break-down the fluid by developing an additional voltage across the electrodes (4).

Abstract: Inverse magneto hydrodynamics is employed to exploit natural movement of ocean water at coastal facilities using arrays of tubes to channel the water through orthogonal magnetic fields to generate DC voltage. Each such tube houses a plurality of serially arranged hydro-voltaic cells to produce electrical energy without mechanical movement. The tubes are preferably arranged to produce improved land use efficiency as compared to other known renewable energy generating systems such as photo-voltaic and wind turbines. A pumped salt water version is also disclosed.

Abstract: A technique enables reduction in electrical power losses during operation of a submersible motor. The technique utilizes a submersible motor comprising a housing that encloses a stator and a rotor. A ferrofluid is located in the housing in a sufficient quantity to fill the gap between rotor and stator. The ferrofluid has substantially improved properties that facilitate a reduction in electrical power supplied and thus a greater efficiency in operation of the motor.

Abstract: The invention is a converter for converting thermal energy into electrical energy. The energy conversion takes place by causing magnetic particles that are initially suspended in ferrofluid to circulate in the converter and to induce electric currents when they pass through one or more coils of electric wires that are coiled around parts of the conduits of the converter. The particles are caused to circulate around the main circuit of the converter by controlling the local temperature and pressure at different locations in the main circuit. The invention also is a method of using the converter to produce electricity.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a hybrid propulsive technique, comprising providing at least some first thrust associated with a flow of a working fluid through at least a portion of an at least one axial flow jet engine. The hybrid propulsive technique includes extracting energy at least partially in the form of electrical power from the working fluid, and converting at least a portion of the electrical power to torque. The hybrid propulsive technique further includes rotating an at least one substantially axial-flow independently rotatable compressor rotor at least partially responsive to the converting the at least a portion of the electrical power to torque.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a hybrid propulsive technique, comprising providing a flow of a working fluid through at least a portion of an at least one jet engine. The hybrid propulsive technique comprises extracting energy from the working fluid that is at least partially converted into electrical power, and converting at least a portion of the electrical power to a torque. The hybrid propulsive technique also comprises rotating an at least one independently rotatable compressor stator at least partially responsive to the converting the at least a portion of the electrical power to the torque.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a hybrid propulsive technique, comprising providing a flow of a working fluid through at least a portion of an at least one jet engine. The hybrid propulsive technique comprises extracting energy from the working fluid that is at least partially converted into electrical power, and converting at least a portion of the electrical power to a torque. The hybrid propulsive technique also comprises rotating an at least one independently rotatable compressor stator at least partially responsive to the converting the at least a portion of the electrical power to the torque.

Abstract: An engine cooling module includes a shroud structure 12 having a shroud hub 46 constructed and arranged to receive a portion of a motor 16. A DC electric motor 16 has first and second ends and a rotatable shaft 40. The second end of the motor is received by the shroud hub. A fan 70 is provided that has a fan hub 72. The fan is coupled with the shaft for rotation therewith. The shroud hub 46 defines a protective cover covering the second end of the motor, and the fan hub 70 defines a protective cover covering the first end of the motor. Thus, no motor housing is required.

Abstract: The present invention is a magnetic pump assembly for integration with a mechanically flexible thermal spreader. The assembly may include a casing which may be connectable to a mechanically flexible substrate of the thermal spreader. The assembly may further include a plurality of magnets which may be integrated with and enclosed by the casing. The magnets may be suitable for applying a magnetic field to an electrically-conductive liquid, and may be implemented in combination with electrodes, which may be integrated with the substrate and may be suitable for generating an electrical current flow through the liquid. The magnets and electrodes may combine to provide a pumping force for circulating the liquid within an internal channel of an electrically-conductive cooling loop of the substrate. The assembly may further include a thermally-conductive rigid metal insert integrated with the casing. The assembly may promote local thermal conductivity of the thermal spreader.

Abstract: An energy conversion device for generating electricity includes a heat exchanger adapted to receive heat from a heat source. A closed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) circuit includes a section for extracting heat from a heat exchanger so as to raise the temperature of the flowable electrically conductive material within the MHD circuit. The heat exchanger includes a heat-conductive support adapted to be heated, and a heat-extracting section of the MHD circuit extracts heat from the support. The support may be a metal plate having a sinuous pipe arrangement in heat-conductive contact against each face, one of these pipe arrangements being part of a circuit for heating the plate and the other pipe arrangement being part of the MHD circuit. The heat source may be combustion of a fuel, solar, geothermal, chemical reaction, or waste heat in the form of a hot gas.

Abstract: An electric motor comprises a first member having one or more magnetic, electric or electro-magnetic components, a second member having one or more magnetic, electric or electro-magnetic components, and a fluid containing ferromagnetic particles located in between the first member and the second member.

Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic simulator that includes a plasma container. The magnetohydrodynamic simulator also includes an first ionizable gas substantially contained within the plasma container. In addition, the magnetohydrodynamic simulator also includes a first loop positioned adjacent to the plasma container, wherein the first loop includes a gap, a first electrical connection on a first side of the gap, a second electrical connection of a second side of the gap, and a first material having at least one of low magnetic susceptibility and high conductivity. The first loop can be made up from an assembly of one or a plethora or wire loop coils. In such cases, electrical connection is made through the ends of the coil wires. The magnetohydrodynamic simulator further includes an electrically conductive first coil wound about the plasma container and through the first loop.

Abstract: A Spindle motor assembly that utilizes a fluid dynamic bearing electrically grounded to provide a conductive path through the spindle motor assembly. In one embodiment, the fluid dynamic bearing includes a liquid metal that is conductive and of low electrical resistance that provides the conductive path between the spindle and the spindle housing.

Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion device has a tungsten housing containing a working fluid and a conduit leading from and reentering the housing under pressure developed by heating the fluid with by an optical concentrator which directs rays from the sun at the housing. A voltage is developed across electrodes spaced within the conduit as the heated fluid passes therethrough. The fluid may be directed to turn a gas turbine for driving an electric generator.

Abstract: A closed-cycle system and method of electrical power generation uses steam to transport charge carriers through an MHD generator. Water droplets, fine particles or mixtures thereof are used as the charge carriers. The fine particles are sufficiently small to allow the particles to pass through pumps and other equipment in the flow path with little or no damage, thereby eliminating the need to remove and re-inject a seed material, or treat it prior to discharge to the environment. The high operating temperatures of prior art MHD generators are avoided, thereby allowing more economical and readily available materials to be used. The system and method also allows the MHD generator to be used as the bottoming cycle in a single-loop power generation system, with a conventional steam turbine-generator used as the topping cycle, resulting in an increased heat rate with reduced emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants, and with reduced heat rejection to the environment per unit of electricity produced.

Abstract: A system and method for generating power. The system has a first electrode member comprising a first region and a second electrode member comprising a second region. Preferably, the second electrode member is coupled to the first electrode member. An electret is coupled between the first electrode member and the second electrode member. The system has a spatial region provided between the first region of the first electrode member and the second region of the second electrode member. A volume of fluid (e.g., liquid, liquid and solids, gas and liquid, solids and gases) is provided between the first region and the second region and is adapted to move between the first region and the second region to cause a change in an electric field characteristic within a portion of the spatial region by the movement of at least a portion of the fluid within the portion of the spatial region to generate a change in voltage potential between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A decomposition cell having a first metal plate with a first layer of dielectric and a second metal plate with a second layer of dielectric wherein each layer of dielectric is sprayed onto the metal plates in molten form using a thermal plasma spray process. The plates are placed in parallel spaced relation forming a discharge area therebetween. One of the metal plates is then attached to a high voltage high frequency source that when actuated causes a discharge within the discharge area.

Abstract: A permanent magnet (PM) machine has a fault condition mechanism disposed within a back iron of the stator portion, the mechanism operational to automatically reduce fault currents associated with the PM machine during a fault condition. The fault condition mechanism disposed within the stator back iron is reconfigurable to automatically reduce internal heat associated with the PM machine during a fault condition. A method of reconfiguring the PM machine upon detecting a fault condition includes the steps of 1) selecting the reconfigurable fault condition mechanism from a) a plurality of magnetically anisotropic rotatable cylinders, b) a plurality of ferrofluid-filled cavities, and c) a dual-phase material selectively embedded within the stator core; and 2) reconfiguring the fault condition mechanism to automatically reduce fault currents or internal heat associated with the PM machine upon detection of a fault condition.

Abstract: An electrical machine includes a primary part and a secondary part which are spaced apart from one another by an air gap and capable of moving relative to one another. The primary part and/or the secondary part is/are constructed for generating magnetic or electromagnetic fields, with the primary part and the secondary part having flux-concentrating means for guiding a magnetic main flux. At least portions of the magnetic main flux are guided by a ferrofluid.

Abstract: A motor is disclosed. The motor, which includes a stationary member, a rotating member coupled to the stationary member that rotates about an imaginary rotational axis, a plate coupled to or mounted on the rotating member to support the rotating member, a cap covering at least a portion of the plate to form a predetermined space between the plate and the cap, and fluid placed in the space between the plate and the cap, may maintain a uniform pressure in its interior to increase stability and provide an increased sealing effect.

Abstract: A LMMHD power generation cell, having a fluid channel in which a conductive fluid is forced to flow in response to an external force. A pair of pressure conveying members such as bellow reservoirs can be used for conveying the external force to the conductive flow. A magnetic field is established across the fluid channel by a pair of magnets. A pair of electrodes is disposed with respect to the fluid channel to collect the electric current induced by the conductive fluid flowing through the magnetic field. The magnets are selected from either permanent magnets or electromagnets. Preferably, the conductive fluid is selected from low-density, low-viscosity, high-conductivity liquid metal such as NaK-78.

Abstract: A spherical neutron generator is formed with a small spherical target and a spherical shell RF-driven plasma ion source surrounding the target. A deuterium (or deuterium and tritium) ion plasma is produced by RF excitation in the plasma ion source using an RF antenna. The plasma generation region is a spherical shell between an outer chamber and an inner extraction electrode. A spherical neutron generating target is at the center of the chamber and is biased negatively with respect to the extraction electrode which contains many holes. Ions passing through the holes in the extraction electrode are focused onto the target which produces neutrons by D-D or D-T reactions.

Abstract: A ferrofluid power generator with micro vortex generator is disclosed, which is capable of generating an induced current by enabling a ferrofluid having a plurality of magnetic particles to flow in a closed circuit, the device comprising a vortex generator and a induced current unit. The vortex generator further comprises a first inlet, a first outlet and a plurality of cavities, which is capable of accelerating the rotation speed of the magnetic particles by virtue of employing the plural cavities to enable the magnetic particles to rotate while the ferrofluid passing through the plural cavities. The induced current unit is substantially a tube having a second inlet and a second outlet, where the second inlet is coupled to the first outlet of the vortex generator for accepting the ferrofluid with rotating magnetic particles to flow therein and through so as to induce a change of magnetic flux to occur and generate an induced current accordingly.

Abstract: The inventive method uses a superconductor to generate energy. The superconductor is alternated between a temperature above and below a critical temperature defined by a transition between the superconducting and non-superconducting states. The superconductor interacts with a magnetic field as the superconductor changes states. Energy is harnessed by coupling with the magnetic field as its strength fluctuates. The method would be particularly suitable for harnessing solar energy in space.

Abstract: A device and method for ferrofluid power generator and cooling system, wherein the waste heat of electronic device is used as a heat source to vaporize fluid and form bubbles as a forwarding pump of the ferrofluid. The fluid with magnetic nano particles is pumped forward and rotated by a fluid mechanism, then passes through a high density coil to result in the time varying magnetic flux and induced current. No additional heat-dissipating device is needed for this invention to dispose the waste heat, which requires the waste heat to produce electricity, which provides cooling and saves power.

Abstract: The generator comprises at least one source of pressurized gas and a closed hydraulic circuit containing a solution comprising an electrically conducting vehicle liquid in which a charge of micro- or nanoparticles of a metal material is dispersed. The circuit has at least one inlet port connected to the source so that, when in operation, it receives a flow of pressurized gas capable of causing circulation of the solution within the circuit in a predetermined direction, forming a two-phase gas-liquid mixture with it, a restriction in cross section, downstream from the inlet port calibrated in such a way as to cause an increase in velocity and condensation of the two-phase mixture, and at least one outlet port, located downstream from the restriction through which the gas mixed with the solution can be released and discharged from the circuit.

Abstract: In order to obtain an electric power generator equipment capable of efficiently generating electric power and capable of reducing cost, without a water bath and constructive maximum height, the electric power generator equipment comprises a floating member for floating on a water surface, a power generator installed on an upper surface of the floating member, a cage suspended from a lower end of the floating member and held to a water bottom, a pair of floating bodies positioned in the cage which is separated, a wire rope whose both ends are fixed to the cage, and an air filling-up apparatus for filling up air to each of the floating bodies. The wire rope is winded to a pulley installed an end portion of each floating body and is winded to a pulley installed on the power generator.

Abstract: A device and method for guiding or steering projectiles (self-propelled or non-self-propelled), or missiles, and for steering a supersonic projectile, or a missile, having a nose, generally in the shape of a cone, having a more or less pointed end, and capable of creating a plasma discharge near the end of the projectile over a limited sector of the outer surface of nose.

Abstract: A device for generating power includes a fluid including magnetic particles. A source magnetizes the fluid thereby inducing rotations in the magnetic particles for creating a magnetic flux. The rotations of the magnetic particles induce an electromagnetic force in a coil associated with the fluid.

Abstract: A permanent-magnetically excited electric machine comprising a stator part (2) and a moving part (30) movable relative to the stator part (2), as well as an air gap (8) between the stator part (2) and the moving part (30), with one of said stator part (2) and said moving part (30) having a flux path assembly for magnetic flux and winding coils (6) and the other one of said stator part (2) and said moving part (30) having a flux path assembly for magnetic flux and permanent magnets (36), characterized in that there is provided a flux conduction liquid (18) that is conductive for magnetic flux; and that in the region of the flux path assembly of the stator part (2) and/or of the moving part (30), there is provided at least one filling space (12; 16; 20; 38; 46; 48; 50) which, for changing the magnetic flux conductivity of the flux path assembly, may have optionally more or less flux conduction liquid supplied (18) thereto.

Abstract: Cooling of the electrical coils of an electromagnetic stirrer is effected using a ferrofluid.

Abstract: A method of using a superconductor to generate energy. The superconductor is alternated between a temperature above and below a critical temperature defined by a transition between the superconducting and non-superconducting state. The superconductor interacts with a magnetic field as the superconductor changes states. Energy is harnessed by coupling with the magnetic field as its strength fluctuates. The method would be particularly suitable for harnessing solar energy in space.

Abstract: An MHD stand-alone high efficiency power generation method comprises following three steps; a thermo-chemical coal gasification step in which waste heat of exhaust gas from an MHD generator 1b of an MHD power generation apparatus 1 is converted into chemical energy of coal syngas by a coal gasification process in the furnace 2; a pre-heating step in which the waste heat of the exhaust gas through the coal gasification furnace 2 is recovered as a sensible heat of a coal syngas and hydrogen mixture by heat exchange in the pre-heater 3; and an iodine-sulfur reaction step in which the waste heat of the exhaust gas through the fuel pre-heater is converted into hydrogen energy by splitting water in the IS system 4. By means of the said three steps, the high temperature waste heat from the MHD generator 1b is regenerated as the sensible heat of the fuel mixture and the fuel chemical energy.

Abstract: A micro-mirror device includes a substrate having a surface, and a plate spaced from and oriented substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate such that the plate and the surface of the substrate define a cavity therebetween. A dielectrophoretic liquid capable of movement when an electrical signal is applied to the micro-mirror device is disposed in the cavity, and a reflective element is interposed between the surface of the substrate and the plate such that the reflective element is adapted to move between a first position and at least one second position. The dielectrophoretic liquid includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of siloxanes and silanes substantially free of asymmetrical ether linkages.

Abstract: A multi-shaft, multi-layer motor includes an inner rotor, an outer rotor surrounding the inner rotor, and a stator disposed coaxially between the inner and outer rotors. The motor further includes an outer member surrounding the outer rotor and defining a first wet chamber between the outer rotor and the outer member; an inner member defining a second wet chamber surrounded by the inner rotor; and an intermediate member defining a dry chamber communicating with an outer air gap between the stator and the outer rotor, and an inner air gap between the stator and the inner rotor.

Abstract: This invention provides an apparatus and a method which utilizes magnetohydrodynamic means for conditioning flow in a gas flow turbine or turbojet and for achieving power extraction to increase relative velocity. Moreover, the power, which is so extracted, can be recycled back into the system in order to further increase the power output and efficiency of the engine. The invention achieves the flow conditioning through use of an inlet annular flow passage. This assembly is placed upstream of the gas turbine inlet and has one or more superconducting magnets, which create a high magnetic field operative across the flow passage. Preferably, the magnetic field is a radial field. The walls of the passage include slots, which accommodate electron beams directed in a spiral path within the magnetic field to form locally ionized regions in the form of a helix within the annular flow path.

Abstract: A micro-mirror device includes a substrate and a plate spaced from and oriented substantially parallel to the substrate such that the plate and the substrate define a cavity therebetween. A reflective element is interposed between the substrate and the plate, and a liquid having an index of refraction greater than one is disposed in the cavity between at least the reflective element and the plate. As such, the reflective element is adapted to move between a first position and at least one second position.

Abstract: A ferrofluidic electromagnetic power supply firmly attached to an agitating object, such as the interior of a vehicular tire generates electric current in an electrical coil deposited between and firmly attached to an hermetically sealed housing made of non-magnetic material partially filled with ferrofluid and a permanent magnet axially polarized. The ferrofluid and the permanent magnet form a magnetic circuit extending from the ferrofluid through the coil to the permanent magnet and back to the ferrofluid. Agitation of the power supply will cause dislocation of the magnetized ferrofluid within the sealed housing causing induction in the electrical coil.

Abstract: Provided is a method for creating fluid motion of an electro-sensitive movable fluid upon application of direct-current-voltage between two electrodes adjacent the fluid, the fluid having a conductivity &sgr;, and a viscosity &eegr; located inside a triangle in a graph showing a relation between a conductivity &sgr; plotted as abscissa, and a viscosity &eegr;, plotted as ordinate, of a fluid at the working temperature, said triangle having, as vertices, a point P indicated by the conductivity &sgr;=4×10−10 S/m and the viscosity &eegr;=1×100 Pa·s, a point Q indicated by the conductivity &sgr;=4×10−10 S/m and the viscosity &eegr;1×10−4 Pa·s, and a point R indicated by the conductivity &sgr;=5×10−6 S/m and the viscosity &eegr;1×10−4 Pa·s.

Abstract: A ferrofluidic electromagnetic power generator installed within a rotating object, such as the interior of a vehicular tire generates electric current in an electrical coil wound about an elongated, hermetically sealed housing made of non-magnetic material, partially filled with magnetized ferrofluid. A permanent magnet and two magnetic pole pieces enclosing the housing and the coil in conjunction with the ferrofluid form a magnetic circuit. Rotation and horizontal velocity of the tire will propel the magnetized ferrofluid within the sealed housing causing induction in the electrical coil.

Abstract: A new and novel method and apparatus to treat flowing fluid is disclosed. Electrical energy (EMF) is produced by the flow of a magnetically charged fluid through an inductor. The device produces a magnetic field upstream of the inductor/pick up coil through which a magnetizable fluid is passed. The fluid is imparted with a magnetic energy field as it flows through the chamber containing the magnetic field generator and hence through a coil of conductive wire wherein an induced electrical current is generated. The induced EMF generated is then fed back into the fluid stream through an electrode arrangement whereby the electricity produces an electrolysis of the fluid releasing gases at the specific electrode. The gases produced are carried by the fluid to the application point. The device can be used to condition and enhance any hydrocarbon based fuel to give better combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.

Abstract: A ferrofluidic electrical power generator installed within an agitating object, such as the interior of a vehicular tire generates electrical current in an electrical winding wound about an elongated permanent magnet. The winding is surrounded by sealed container made of non-magnetic material, partially filled with magnetized ferrofluid. The permanent magnet and the magnetized ferrofluid form a magnetic circuit surrounded by the electrical winding. Rotation and horizontal velocity of the tire will agitate the magnetized ferrofluid within the sealed container causing cyclic variations in the distribution of the magnetized ferrofluid causing variation in the magnetic flux density, thus, induction in the electrical winding.

Abstract: A ferrofluidic electromagnetic power generator installed within a rotating object, such as the interior of a vehicular tire generates electric current in an electrical coil wound about an elongated, hermetically sealed housing made of non-magnetic material, partially filled with magnetized ferrofluid. A permanent magnet and two magnetic pole pieces enclosing the housing and the coil in conjunction with the ferrofluid form a magnetic circuit. Rotation and horizontal velocity of the tire will propel the magnetized ferrofluid within the sealed housing causing induction in the electrical coil.