Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure generating chamber communicating with a nozzle for ejecting liquid droplets and a piezoelectric element having a piezoelectric layer and a pair of electrodes disposed on both sides of the piezoelectric layer. The piezoelectric layer is made of a perovskite-type oxide containing barium titanate, calcium titanate, and europium oxide.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer facing the first conductive layer, and a piezoelectric layer between the first and second conductive layers, composed of a compound oxide containing at least lead, zirconium, titanium, and oxygen. The piezoelectric layer includes a first crystal layer on the first conductive layer side of the piezoelectric layer and a second crystal layer continued from the first crystal layer, nearer to the second conductive layer side than the first crystal layer. In the piezoelectric layer, the lead concentration in the first conductive layer side of the first crystal layer is lower than that in the second conductive layer side of the second crystal layer. In the piezoelectric layer, the oxygen concentration in the first conductive layer side of the first crystal layer is higher than that in the second conductive layer side of the second crystal layer.

Abstract: A crystal resonator comprises an AT-cut crystal vibrating element that is driven by a thickness-shear mode and is in the shape of a rectangular plate. A pair of excitation electrodes is formed, facing front and rear surfaces of the crystal vibrating element. Each of the excitation electrodes is formed in the shape of a quadrangle as viewed from the top, and mass adjustment portions are formed at least two opposite sides of each of the excitation electrodes formed on the front and rear surfaces.

Abstract: A power supply structure for a piezoelectric actuator is provided. The piezoelectric actuator has a base member, a movable member, and a piezoelectric element arranged between the base member and the movable member. When receiving electric power, the piezoelectric element causes a shear deformation to minutely move the movable member relative to the base member. The power supply structure includes a wiring member, a wiring connector, a through hole, and a contact. The wiring member has a conductive base layer, an insulating layer, and a conductor layer, the conductive base layer having an insular part and a main part that is electrically isolated from the insular part. The wiring connector has a first face joined with an electrode of the piezoelectric element and a second face joined with the insular part. The through hole is formed through at least the insulating layer of the wiring member.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor having a piezoelectric element including first and second electrodes is disclosed. The ultrasonic sensor includes an aluminum case having a bottom part electrically contacting the second electrode of the piezoelectric element, a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode of the piezoelectric element, and a second conductive part having a cladding material including a material exhibiting a satisfactory welding property with respect to the aluminum case. The second conductive part and the aluminum case are welded together.

Abstract: A tuning-fork type piezoelectric resonator plate includes: at least a plurality of leg portions serving as vibrating portions; a bonding portion bonded to the outside, and a base portion from which the leg portions and the bonding portion protrude. The plurality of leg portions protrude from a first end face of the base portion and are provided side-by-side on the first end face. The bonding portion protrude from a second end face located opposite the first end face of the base portion at a position located opposite a center position of the plurality of leg portions in a width direction of the first end face of the base portion. And, at least a base end portion of the bonding portion is used as a bond region that is bonded to the outside.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a passage-forming substrate provided with a pressure-generating chamber communicated with a nozzle which ejects droplets, and a piezoelectric element provided on the passage-forming substrate. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric layer and a pair of electrodes provided on both surfaces of the piezoelectric layer, and the piezoelectric layer contains BaTiO3, CaTiO3, and (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3.

Abstract: A resonator comprises a bottom electrode layer (12), a top electrode layer (10) which defines a resonator body; and a piezoelectric layer (14) sandwiched between the top and bottom electrode layers. An external region (152) is provided around the outside of the periphery of the resonator body. The cutoff frequency of a first resonance mode of the external region (152) is matched to the cutoff frequency of a second, different, resonance mode of the resonator body. The invention provides a deliberate change (typically increase) in the cutoff frequency the resonance modes in the external region, so that one of the modes has a cutoff frequency close to the cutoff frequency of the fundamental mode of the resonator body.

Abstract: An object is to provide a film bulk acoustic resonator capable of improving resonant characteristics by reducing the generation of a standing wave to be caused by a transverse-mode acoustic wave to a minimum. In a film bulk acoustic resonator including a resonant portion A having a piezoelectric material layer 3 sandwiched between a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 4, the resonant portion A is configured to have a planar shape that is an ellipse having a part thereof cut off along a straight line L. The straight line L intersects at least one of a minor axis and a major axis of the ellipse, and preferably intersects both the minor axis and the major axis, and passes through the center of the ellipse.

Abstract: TO reduce frequency variations caused by a change in frequency constant and suppress unnecessary vibrations in the case where the frequency constant of apiezoelectric substrate has a gradient. A piezoelectric resonator has vibrating electrodes 4 and 5 facing each other, which are formed on two major surfaces of apiezoelectric substrate Ia, and trapped vibrations are generated between the two vibrating electrodes. The piezoelectric substrate Ia has a constant thickness. The frequency constant of the piezoelectric substrate Ia has a gradient in a surface direction. The vibrating electrodes 4 and 5 are formed to have a gradient thickness so that the thickness gradually increases as the frequency constant of the piezoelectric substrate increases. By forming the vibrating electrodes to have a gradient thickness, unnecessary in-band vibrations are suppressed, and frequency variations are reduced.

Abstract: A wake-up unit for waking up an electronic device is provided. The wake-up unit comprises a resonating unit (C) for resonating at least one specific frequency, at least one first electrode (TE), at least one piezoelectric material (PM) and at least one second electrode (BE). The piezoelectric material (PM) is sandwiched between the at least one first and the at least one second electrode (TE, BE) such that an electronic current is provided to the at least one first and at least one second electrode (TE, BE) when the resonating unit (C) resonates at the at least one specific frequency.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin-film resonator includes: a substrate; a lower electrode that is formed on the substrate; a piezoelectric film that is formed on the lower electrode and the substrate; and an upper electrode that is formed on the piezoelectric film, with the piezoelectric film being partially interposed between the lower electrode and the upper electrode facing each other. In this piezoelectric thin-film resonator, at least a part of the outer periphery of the piezoelectric film interposed between the lower electrode and the upper electrode overlaps the outer periphery of the region formed by the upper electrode and the lower electrode facing each other.

Abstract: Providing a piezoelectric vibrating reed which has low disconnection possibility and ensures reliability for stable operation without requiring strict exposure position accuracy.

Abstract: A liquid-ejecting head includes a pressure-generating chamber that communicates with a nozzle opening and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element includes a first electrode; a piezoelectric body layer formed on the first electrode; and a second electrode formed on the piezoelectric body layer on a side opposite the first electrode. In the liquid-ejecting head, the piezoelectric body layer has a perovskite structure and an insulating property, and an A-site and an oxygen site of the perovskite structure respectively include a vacancy formed by losing an A-site metal and a vacancy formed by losing an oxygen atom, each of the vacancies including a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric element/electrostrictive element having little decease of Qm even in a high electric field in the case of a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric body/electrostrictive body is characterized in that the rate of Qm in an electric field of 10 V/mm is 30% or more with respect to Qm in an electric field of 1 V/mm.

Abstract: An electrical device includes an insulating substrate; an elongated piezoelectric semiconductor structure, a first electrode and a second electrode. A first portion of the elongated piezoelectric semiconductor structure is affixed to the substrate and a second portion of the elongated piezoelectric semiconductor structure extends outwardly from the substrate. The first electrode is electrically coupled to a first end of the first portion of the elongated piezoelectric semiconductor structure. The second electrode is electrically coupled to a second end of the first portion of the elongated piezoelectric semiconductor structure.

Abstract: A piezoelectric multilayer component includes a stack of piezoceramic layers, which are arranged one on top of the other, and electrode layers. The stack has a first area and a second area. The second area contains a disturbance material, which is used to make the second area less mechanically robust than the first area.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a crystal resonator capable of maintaining its resonating characteristic and ensuring electrical connections between end surface electrodes using a simple method. Provided is a stacked crystal resonator including: a framed crystal plate, a frame section of which surrounds a resonating section, and to which both of these resonating section and frame section are connected by connecting sections; a first metallic film and second metallic film formed on both of the principle surfaces of the frame section of the framed crystal plate; and a base and cover stacked on both of the principle surfaces of the framed crystal plate.

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator includes a pair of driving electrodes and a pair of lead electrodes that are formed facing each other on the frontside and backside of a piezoelectric plate that operates in a thickness-shear vibration mode. The front and back driving electrodes are formed such that they each have one or more pairs of parallel sides and have the same shape, and their centers face each other. The parallel sides of one of the front and back driving electrodes are formed parallel with either the X-axis or the Z?-axis of the piezoelectric plate, but the parallel sides of the other driving electrodes are formed without being parallel with the X-axis and Z?-axis thereof.

Abstract: An acoustic resonator comprises a first electrode and second electrode comprising a plurality of sides. At least one of the sides of the second electrode comprises a cantilevered portion. A piezoelectric layer is disposed between the first and second electrodes. An electrical filter comprises an acoustic resonator.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator unit which undergoes less change in the amount of displacement and shows high durability in continuous operation under a high voltage and a high pressure over a long period of time is provided. The piezoelectric actuator unit including a multi-layer piezoelectric element having piezoelectric layers and metal layers with the piezoelectric layers and the metal layers being stacked one on another, and a case which houses the multi-layer piezoelectric element, wherein at least one of the plurality of metal layers is stress relieving layer which consists of a plurality of partial metal layers that are scattered throughout the entire region between two piezoelectric layers which adjoin the partial metal layers in the direction of stacking, and voids, and a peel-off section is formed at least in a part of the interface between the stress relieving layer and the piezoelectric layer that adjoins therewith.

Abstract: The piezoelectric vibrator manufacturing method of the invention is a method for manufacturing a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators in which a piezo-electric vibration member is sealed up in a cavity formed between a base substrate and a lid substrate bonded to each other, all at once by utilizing a base substrate wafer and a lid substrate wafer, and the method comprises a recess forming step of forming, in the lid substrate wafer, a plurality of cavity recesses for forming cavities when the two wafers are overlaid; a through-electrode forming step of forming a plurality of through-electrodes in and through the base substrate wafer; a routing electrode forming step of forming a plurality of routing electrodes connected electrically with the through-electrodes, on the upper face of the base substrate wafer; a mounting step of bonding the plural piezoelectric vibration members to the upper face of the base substrate wafer via the routing electrodes; an overlaying step of overlaying the base substrate wafer an

Abstract: There is disclosed for use with a piezoelectric stack, first and second side electrodes, each side electrode having two serpentine shape members positioned in a common plane, where the two serpentine shape members of an electrode have alternately spaced conductive fingers which project outward toward each other. The conductive fingers are adapted to be electrically coupled to the ends of alternate ones of internal electrode layers of the piezoelectric stack. The undersides of the conductive fingers which contact the ends of the internal electrodes are provided with a solder material to provide good electrical contact by applying the soldered finger to the internal electrode and applying heat to reflow the solder. The serpentine shape of the side electrodes here disclosed provides high flexibility which can absorb displacement of the internal electrodes as they move up, down, in and out as the piezoelectric layers of the stack expand and contract.

Abstract: A piezoceramic multilayer actuator (10) has a plurality of piezoceramic layers (12), a security layer (20) and a plurality of inner electrodes (16, 18). The piezoceramic layers (12) has a piezoceramic first material sintered at a sintering temperature. The security layer (20) has a second material and is disposed between two piezoceramic layers (12). Each of the plurality of inner electrodes (16, 18) has a third material and is deposited between two piezoceramic layers (12). The degree of sintering of the second material is lower than the degree of sintering of the third material.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device which includes a piezoelectric body having piezoelectricity and a pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to the piezoelectric body in a predetermined direction in which a piezoelectric strain constant d33 (pm/V) and a relative pemittivity ?33 of the piezoelectric body satisfy Formulae (1) and (2) below. This makes the piezoelectric device excellent both in transmission and reception capabilities and appropriate for use as a piezoelectric actuator, a sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, or a power generating device.

Abstract: The piezoelectric vibrator comprises a base substrate; a lid substrate in which cavity recesses are formed and which is bonded to the base substrate in such a state that the recesses face the base substrate; a piezoelectric vibration member bonded to the upper face of the base substrate in such a state that it is housed in the cavity formed of the recess between the base substrate and the lid substrate; an external electrode formed on the lower face of the base substrate; a through-electrode formed in and through the base substrate and electrically connected with the external electrode with keeping the airtightness inside the cavity; and a routing electrode formed on the upper face of the base substrate to electrically connect the through-electrode to the bonded piezoelectric vibration member; wherein the through-electrode is formed of a cylindrical body, which is formed of a glass material to have two flat ends and a thickness substantially equal to that of the base substrate, and is implanted in the through

Abstract: A micro-cantilever of a simple structure and capable of obtaining a larger displacement at a low voltage including a plate-like piezoelectric substrate having electrode films as an upper electrode and a lower electrode formed on both surfaces thereof, a plate-like resilient member in close contact with the piezoelectric substrate on the side of the lower electrode and a support for supporting a driving member in a cantilever manner, in which a thin-walled portion is formed to the vicinity of a base portion of the driving member supported by the support.

Abstract: To provide high reliable surface mounting oscillator that solder does not leak out by heat from the oscillator. The base print board with a terminal on the first surface and a concave on the second surface which is the opposite side of the first surface, the metal strut fixed to the concave, the sub print board has piezoelectric vibrator supported by the metal strut, the base print board, the cover which covers the metal strut and the sub print board.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element with electrode is capable of preventing an assembling error. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric body configured to deform according to polarity in response to a voltage applied thereto, electrodes formed on surfaces of the piezoelectric body, respectively, a non-electrode part formed on at least one of the surfaces of the piezoelectric body, the non-electrode part continuing to the one electrode that is on the at least one surface of the piezoelectric body, and a boundary between the non-electrode part and the one electrode. The boundary has a pattern to indicate the polarity of the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator having a bottom electrode attached to a membrane, a piezoelectric layer on the bottom electrode, and a top electrode formed on the piezoelectric layer, wherein the bottom electrode extends substantially over the entire bottom surface of the piezoelectric layer, and at least a peripheral portion of a top surface of the piezoelectric layer and side faces of that layer are covered with an insulating layer, and wherein in the peripheral portion of the top surface of the piezoelectric layer the top electrode is superposed on the insulating layer.

Abstract: Micro-electromechanical devices include a temperature-compensation capacitor and a thin-film bulk acoustic resonator having a first terminal electrically coupled to an electrode of the temperature-compensation capacitor. The temperature-compensation capacitor includes a bimorph beam having a first electrode thereon and a second electrode extending opposite the first electrode. This bimorph beam is configured to yield an increase in spacing between the first and second electrodes in response to an increase in temperature of the micro-electromechanical device. This increase in spacing between the first and second electrodes leads to a decrease in capacitance of the temperature-compensation capacitor. Advantageously, this decrease in capacitance can be used to counteract a negative temperature coefficient of frequency associated with the thin-film bulk acoustic resonator, and thereby render the resonant frequency of the micro-electromechanical device more stable in response to temperature fluctuations.

Abstract: An oscillator having a quartz resonator, and a base wafer containing active electronics, wherein the quartz resonator is bonded directly to the base wafer and subsequently hermetically capped.

Abstract: The piezoelectric vibrator includes the piezoelectric bar having a plurality of piezoelectric plates alternately stacked and a plurality of vibration sectors divided vertically and horizontally with respect to the direction in which the piezoelectric plates are stacked. Electrode terminals are formed on each of surface regions of the piezoelectric plate, divided in a longitudinal direction thereof, and jump terminals corresponding to electrode terminals are formed on a surface of an adjacent one of the piezoelectric plates. On side surfaces of the piezoelectric plates, a plurality of side electrodes are formed, connecting the electrode terminals and the corresponding jump terminals to power the vibration sectors, by which a pair of the vibration sectors diagonally disposed from each other are simultaneously powered. The piezoelectric vibrator is small and easily manufactured and mass-produced with a simple structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric ceramic composition having a high thermal resistance and a high piezoelectric distortion constant and a piezoelectric element using the piezoelectric ceramic composition. The piezoelectric ceramic composition of the present invention contains Na, Bi, Ti, Cr and O, wherein the content ratio of Na, Bi, Ti and Cr in terms of oxides thereof falls within the following composition range: aNa2O-bBi2O3-cTiO2-dCrO where a, b, c and d are mole fractions; 0.030?a?0.042; 0.330?b?0.370; 0.580?c?0.620; 0?d?0.017; and a+b+c+d=1. The piezoelectric ceramic composition preferably has a main crystal phase of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric, more preferably Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 crystal. The piezoelectric element of the present invention includes a piezoelectric body formed of the piezoelectric ceramic composition and at least a pair of electrodes held in contact with the piezoelectric body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising aqueous polymer dispersions, particularly polyurethane dispersions, used for the production of energy converter, energy converters produced therefrom, and the use of such energy converters.

Abstract: An embodiment of a piezoelectric assembly for an ultrasonic flow meter comprises a piezoelectric element including a first face and a second face. In addition, the piezoelectric assembly comprises a first electrode engaging the first face. Further, the piezoelectric assembly comprises a second electrode engaging the second face. Still further, the piezoelectric assembly comprises an electrically conductive shim connector attached to the first electrode. Moreover, the piezoelectric assembly comprises a first wire electrically coupled to the shim connector.

Abstract: Disclosed is an actuator device that includes a piezoelectric element provided as being freely displaceable on a substrate. The piezoelectric element includes a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer and an upper electrode. In the actuator device, the Young's modulus of the lower electrode is not less than 200 GPa.

Abstract: A piezoelectric microspeaker using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The piezoelectric microspeaker includes a piezoelectric layer disposed on an elastic thin layer, and a resonance change unit patterned on one of a bottom surface of the elastic thin layer and a top surface of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microfluidic device comprising an actuator for converting between mechanical and electrical energy comprising an electro-active polymer or electro-active polymer composition, wherein the stiffness of the actuator at or near a first surface or part thereof differs from the stiffness at or near a second surface or part thereof, or wherein the stiffness of the actuator at or near a first extremity differs from the stiffness at or near a second extremity.

Abstract: A piezoelectric film sensor includes a substrate 1 having a signal electrode 2 and a ground electrode 3 formed on the surface thereof, the substrate being folded to cause the signal electrode 2 and the ground electrode 3 to be overlapped with each other in a plane view, a piezoelectric film 5 inserted between the signal electrode 2 and the ground electrode 3 formed on the substrate 1 and a bonding layer 6 for bonding the folded substrate 1 thereby to affix the signal electrode 2, the ground electrode 3 and the piezoelectric film 5 together.

Abstract: A stacked piezoelectric element comprising a driving unit and a non-driving unit, and a vibration wave driving apparatus, which are capable of suppressing occurrences of deformation, particularly warping, that are generated during firing and polarization of the stacked piezoelectric element. A driving unit has a first conductive layer and a first piezoelectric layer consisting of a piezoelectric material, which is driven by an application of voltage to the first conductive layer to generate vibration on the stacked piezoelectric element. A non-driving unit has a plurality of second conductive layers and a plurality of second piezoelectric layers consisting of the piezoelectric material, which is arranged to have a thickness that enables generation of the vibration.

Abstract: A monolithic piezoelectric element includes an element assembly in which internal electrode layers and piezoelectric ceramic layers are laminated alternately. The internal electrode layers contain an Ag—Pd alloy, which has an Ag content of 85 percent by weight or more as a primary component, a metal element having a valence of at least one of pentavalence or hexavalence. The piezoelectric ceramic layers contain a composite oxide represented by Pb(Ti,Zr)O3 as a primary component, a part of Ag contained in the internal electrode layers is almost uniformly diffused therein and, the metal element is diffused in the form of a metal oxide in such a way that the concentration is reduced with decreasing proximity to the internal electrode layers. In this manner, a monolithic piezoelectric element having a desired large piezoelectric constant can be obtained without inviting an increase in cost even when a firing treatment is conducted at low temperatures.

Abstract: A multilayer composite includes at least two composites, each composite having a film and an electronically conductive layer. Several composites are laminated to provide an increased conversion between mechanical and electrical energies not only due to the multiplication of the effect of each layer, but also due to the fact that the multilayer structure itself renders the multilayer composite more rigid. In addition, the multilayer structure facilitates application of an electrical field over thinner portions of the structure, thereby requiring much less potential difference between electrodes.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a piezoelectric element is provided by forming a first electrode film on a major surface of a substrate, forming a modified film by modifying at least a portion of the major surface of the substrate by heating the substrate in an ambient containing oxygen, and forming a piezoelectric film by depositing a piezoelectric material on the first electrode film, forming a second electrode film on the piezoelectric film, adhering a support on the second electrode film, and peeling off a multilayered structure including at least the first electrode film, the piezoelectric film, the second electrode film, and the support from the substrate.

Abstract: A method of producing an acoustic wave device includes: forming an interdigital electrode 3 on a piezoelectric substrate 2; forming a barrier film 4 so as to cover the interdigital electrode 3; forming a medium 5 on the barrier film 4; measuring a frequency characteristic of an acoustic wave excited by the interdigital electrode 3; and forming, in an excitation region, an adjustment region having a thickness different from other portions by patterning the barrier film 4 or further providing an adjustment film. When forming the adjustment region, an area T of the adjusting area is adjusted in accordance with the measured frequency characteristic.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin film resonator includes a substrate, a lower electrode provided on the substrate, a piezoelectric film provided on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric film. At least a portion of the upper electrode and that of the lower electrode oppose each other through the piezoelectric film, and at least a portion of the periphery of the upper electrode is reversely tapered.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer, particularly for underwater use, having a ceramic body (10) and a pair of electrodes, whose flat electrodes (11, 12) are arranged on mutually averted end faces (101, 102) of the ceramic body (10). At least one electrode (11) is structured in order to effectively suppress the side-lobes in the directional characteristic for all spatial directions such that the density of the ceramic body (10) decreases from the body center to the body edge.

Abstract: A multilayered piezoelectric element in which braking to displacement of piezoelectric material layers is suppressed and insulating films suitable for thinning of the piezoelectric material layers are formed. A method of manufacturing the element includes the steps of: (a) forming a multilayered structure including piezoelectric material layers, at least one first electrode layer, and at least one second electrode layer; (b) discharging a liquid synthetic resin from a nozzle provided in a dispenser to apply it to an end portion of the first electrode layer in a first region within side surfaces of the multilayered structure and curing the liquid synthetic resin to form a first insulating film; and (c) discharging the liquid synthetic resin from the nozzle to apply it to an end portion of the second electrode layer in a second region and curing the liquid synthetic resin to form a second insulating film.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for providing high density component assemblies, such as electromechanical or electro-optical assemblies.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric material having a good piezoelectric property and Curie temperature (Tc) of 150° C. or higher, and a piezoelectric device using the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material includes a sintered body made of a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): xBi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3?(1?x)BaTiO3 (1), where x satisfies 0.17?x?0.8, in which an average grain size of grains contained in the sintered body is 0.5 ?m or larger to 10 ?m or smaller, and the sintered body is polycrystal. In addition, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric material and a pair of electrodes disposed in contact with the piezoelectric material, in which the piezoelectric material is the above-mentioned piezoelectric material.