Abstract: In an electrical lamp, whose envelope is closed by a pinch of rectangular cross-section, through which current-supply conductors are passed and which is supported in a cap between inwardly projecting parts, which seize around the narrower side faces of the pinch, according to the invention, one of the current supply conductors is bent backwards with its part projecting from the pinch along one of the narrower side faces and is clamped between pinch and lamp cap. Thus, it is possible to use a cap having only one bottom contact and nevertheless to secure the lamp envelope to the cap without additional means.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp for operation at line voltage has a glass lamp vessel (1) provided with a pinched seal (5), in which a metal foil (9) is embedded, which is connected to an internal current conductor (14) extending to a filament (4). The major surfaces (7, 8) of the pinched seal (5) have above the internal current conductor (14) an embossed part (17, 18), as a result of which a space (23) is present in the pinched seal (5) on either side of said current conductor (14). Depressions (19-23) increase the resistance to pressure of the lamp vessel (1). A discharge arc that can be produced in the lamp extinguishes when the arc has reached the pinched seal (5) if the internal current conductor (14) has a wire diameter of at most 200 .mu.m.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp of the H1 type according to the invention is provided with a bulb having a seal which is inserted into a metallic lamp holder. Welding tongues on the holder at the ends remote from the bulb extend away from the bulb in line with a respective holder side. The lamp comprises a metallic base plate provided with a muff or tubular portion, into which a conducting contact is inserted, which is coated with an insulating material. The tongues are welded to the muff. The base tubular portion permits sintering of a ceramic powder around the conducting contact to form a rigid insulating body.

Abstract: An electric, incandescent lamp including an electrically insulating (e.g., plastic) base which is securedly positioned on the lamp's sealed end portion without the need for adhesives or the like. The base functions to securedly retain the lamp's lead-in wires (a total of four in a dual filament lamp) in a preestablished alignment externally of the lamp's sealed end (from which the wires project) to thereby assure positive electrical connection thereto when the lamp and base are inserted within a corresponding electrical socket. The invention is ideally suited for use in a tail light assembly for an automobile.

Abstract: A high-voltage, low-wattage incandescent lamp having a tubular hard-glass envelope enclosing a coiled coil filament axially mounted with at least one, preferably two, intermediate filamentary supports. The lead-in wires and filamentary supports are mounted in the press seal of the lamp. Each end of the filament is mounted on an internal termination of a lead-in wire. The filament is mounted on the intermediate support(s) at point(s) along the filament body such that the body is divided into approximately equal segments or such that the operating temperature along the body is approximately uniform. Because of reduced filament sag, the tubular glass envelope has a reduced inner diameter and thinner wall thickness whereby the lamp may be more safely contained within an outer envelope in the unlikely event of a lamp burst. A lamp in accordance with the invention will exhibit enhanced operating characteristics and is well suited for applications in Europe.

Abstract: An electric lamp assembly which includes a bulb unit having a rectangularly shaped hermetic seal portion through which lead wires from a filament extend to the outside of the bulb unit, a bulb holder having a rectangularly looped band portion which grips the hermetic seal portion of the bulb unit with the lead wires projected outwardly from the bulb holder, a base assembly of moulded plastics supporting tightly the bulb holder and terminal members held by the base assembly and having inward ends projected toward the lead wires and welded to the same. The base assembly includes a hollow base structure and a rounded core structure which is coupled and welded to each other.

Abstract: Flush and pump flush processes yielding light sources for incandescent and metal vapor discharge lamps are disclosed. The flush and pump flush processes also yield lamps that are particularly suitable for deposition of a reflective coating on its outer surface. For such reflective coated light sources, the associated lamp leads are encased in glass and therefore are protected against any deleterious reactions that may otherwise result from the deposition of the reflective coating process. The light sources yielded by the flush and pump flush processes of the present invention are advantageous in reducing the mounting arrangement of the lamps in which the light sources are housed.

Abstract: To permit connection of a high temperature resistant plastic material forg a bulb holder element (4, 15, 20) to which a light bulb (1, 14, 19) is attached in the tubular opening of the base structure (5, 16), the bulb holder element is essentially barrel-shaped to permit alignment of the bulb with respect to the base structure, and subsequent connection by welding together the plastic base structure with the plastic bulb holder element by exposure to a high-frequency field. To cause melting of the plastic, ferromagnetic material, typically a nickel-iron alloy, is located between the bulb holder element and the base structure, for example in form of a ring (11) snapped into a groove (12) formed on the holder element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blown lamp bulb having a parabolically curved wall portion, a neck-shaped wall portion near the apex of the parabolically curved wall portion. The bulb has a an axis of symmetry and a largest diameter. A curved wall portion is opposite the parabolic wall portion and has a focus which is located near the neck-shaped wall portion. The curved wall portion has a spherically curved portion having a center of curvature on the largest diameter or above it and a flattened portion proximate the axis of symmetry. The lamp bulb renders it possible to manufacture, by the choice of the finish of the lamp bulb, a large number of lamp types.

Abstract: In an incandescent lamp unit, a base assembly of a rectangular section and which holds the pinched portion of the bulb comprises a first and second bases. The first base has formed therein a first opening in which said pinched portion can be introduced and first lug members extending from the edges of the first opening and which abut the upper portion of the pinched portion to limit the latter from moving longitudinally and laterally. On the other hand, the second base is so made as to be attached to the first base and has formed therein a second opening in which the pinched portion can be introduced, and it is also provided with second lug members extending obliquely and downwardly from the second opening and which abut the lower portion of the pinched portion to limit the latter from moving in the vertical plane.

Abstract: An improved electric lamp including an electrically insulating (e.g., plastic) base which is securedly positioned on the lamp's sealed end portion without the need for adhesives or the like. The base functions to securedly retain the lamp's lead-in wires (a total of four in a dual filament lamp) in a preestablished alignment externally of the lamp's sealed end (from which the wires project) to thereby assure positive electrical connection thereto when the lamp and base are inserted within a corresponding electrical socket. This wire retention is possible by embedding each conductor within designated channels in the base and subsequent deformation of the base's material to substantially cover the embedded wire. In addition, a locking arrangement between the lamp envelope's press sealed end and the base is provided to assist in retaining the sealed end within an opening within the base. The invention is ideally suited for use in a tail light assembly for an automobile.

Abstract: The tubular electric incandescent lamp has at its ends (7,8) metal hoods (4), to which the current supply conductors (9,10) are secured. The metal hoods (4) are arranged in an insulator housing (5,6) provided with an opening (13), through which a contact member (11,12) extends to the exterior. The contact member (11,12) has a bifurcate part (19) which grips around the metal hood (4) behind a collar (17) at the said hood. The insulator housings (5,6) lock the contact members (11,12) against radial displacement. By the collar (17) and the insulator housing (6), the contact member (12) is undetachably connected to the metal hood (4). The lamp can be constructed so that the contact members (11,12) are displaceable in longitudinal direction between two extreme positions.

Abstract: The bulb (1) of an incandescent lamp, such as a vehicular headlight, is mted on a base structure (3) without cementing, by means of a securing element (2) having two shell-shaped halves (4). Each half (4) has a lug (5) on one side and bent tabs (6) on its other side which engage the lug (5) of the other half (4) to form a cuff around the pinch seal of the lamp and to connect the lamp to the base structure (3), which may be made of plastic. Each half (4) has a flange (8) with a projecting rim (10) whose curvature matches that of a tubular base structure (3). The projecting rim (10) has perforations (9) so that, if a plastic base structure (3) is used, the rim (10) can be connected to the base structure (3) by high-frequency heating, which causes the plastic to permeate the perforations (9) and harden therein.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an incandescent lamp includes evacuating the lamp through a hollow space formed in the lower portion of the lamp to be sealed by press jaws and sealing the lamp with press jaws whose surface is substantially flat.

Abstract: The electric lamp according to the invention has a lamp vessel (1) of glass having an SiO.sub.2 content of at least 95% by weight, in which an electric element (3) is arranged. The lamp vessel is coated with an interference filter (5) of alternating layers of SiO.sub.2 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5.

Abstract: A light-emitting capsule for use in a reflector-type electric lamp utilized in such applications as display and track lighting. The capsule includes a hollow bulb portion containing a light source (coiled filament or arc) therein and an elongated sealed end including a flattened, narrow width segment and a protruding end segment. The end segment, preferably of similar configuration (cylindrical) as the bulb, is adapted for engaging the internal walls of the reflector's central opening to facilitate capsule positioning within such a reflector in both a precise and stable fashion. Additionally, the bulb portion is also capable of similar engagement to even further assure stabilized capsule orientation.

Abstract: An electric, incandescent lamp including an electrically insulating (e.g., plastic) base which is securedly positioned on the lamp's sealed end portion without the need for adhesives or the like. The base functions to securedly retain the lamp's lead-in wires (a total of four in a dual filament lamp) in a preestablished alignment externally of the lamp's sealed end (from which the wires project) to thereby assure positive electrical connection thereto when the lamp and base are inserted within a corresponding electrical socket. The invention is ideally suited for use in a tail light assembly for an automobile.

Abstract: An electric incandescent lamp (e.g., tungsten-halogen) including a light-transmitting envelope having an internal curvilinear wall, a gas mixture within the envelope, at least two support rods extending within the envelope in a spaced-apart manner, at least one bridge member within the envelope and supported substantially between the two support rods, and an electrically conductive filament structure located within the envelope and suspended from the bridge member. At least one support member, secured to the bridge member and projecting therefrom and including a U-shaped end portion for engaging the curvilinear internal wall of the envelope, is utilized to provide both compressive and axial support for the bridge member and suspended filament structure. The support member is preferably a wireform comprised of molybdenum.

Abstract: An electric lamp has a lower bowl portion formed as two semicircular halves, over part of which an Edison lamp cap is screwed. The two bowl halves have identical helical rib portions, the cross-section of each rib portion having a height and length selected so that the lamp cap thread fits over them, engaging top edges of ribs on one bowl half and the lower edges of the ribs on the other bowl half.

Abstract: An electric lamp including a glass envelope having at least one conductive foil hermetically sealed within the press-sealed end portion thereof, the foil being electrically connected at one end to a side rod support wire which projects within the envelope's bulb portion to form part of the lamp's filament structure. A sound electrical connection between the support wire and conductive foil is attained by providing the end portion of the support wire with a relatively flat configuration and knurling a surface of this flattened end. This knurled surface, being welded to the foil, provides such a connection without the use of flux or the like. A method of making this lamp is also disclosed.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp has an envelope within which is enclosed an incandescent filament. The incandescent filament is surrounded by a tubular element with open ends. The element transmits visible radiation, and reduces but does not eliminate convection around the filament. This reduces the rate at which evaporated filament material is carried away from the filament and deposited elsewhere within the lamp. If desired, a filter coating may be placed on the element for reflecting infrared radiation back to the filament and transmitting visible radiation away from the filament and out of the lamp. The element may engage the filament leads for mounting purposes.

Abstract: This invention provides for an improved reflector-type lamp having reduced focus loss and exhibiting an increase in reflector collection efficiency. Stray light from the lamp's light source is reduced and channeled into the central angular region of the reflector where it can be more easily controlled and increase the in candle power of the lamp. A shorter, more compact filament design, wound with larger mandrel ratios, is positioned within the reflector to evenly disperse the light energy throughout the central angular region.

Abstract: An improved mounting structure for spatially disposing from its long axial conductive member, a filament within the outer envelope of an incandescent lamp is disclosed. The mounting structure offsets the filament from the centerline of the lamp and from its conductive members so as to substantially reduce the typically experienced arcing condition between the conductive members of the mounting structure and the filament.

Abstract: The pinch seal (12) of an electric lamp (11) is kept during operation at a lower temperature by a metal envelope (10), space between this metal envelope (10) and faces of the pinch seal (12) being filled with a heat-conducting mass comprising metal fibers. A considerable temperature decrease is obtained when the spaces between the oppositely arranged major surfaces (13) of the pinch seal (12) and the metal envelope (10) are filled with metal fibers.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp has a ruggedized mount structure employing tri-partite lead-in wires sealed in a soft glass stem and a hard glass capsule. Heavier intermediate sections provide support while the proximal and distal portions are different materials selected to form hermetic seals with the hard glass and soft glass.

Abstract: This invention relates to an incandescent lamp bulb comprising a visible light transmitting and infrared ray reflecting film formed on at least either one of the inside and outside of a tubular, transparent bulb, said film being composed of a lamination of alternate high and low refractive index layers, wherein the optical film thickness of any one of the high reflective index layers ranges from 0.21 to 0.31.mu., that of the topmost low refractive index layer ranges from 1/2.times.0.21 to 1/2.times.0.31.mu., that of at least one low refractive index layer ranges from 2.times.0.21 to 2.times.0.31.mu., and that of any remainder low refractive index layer ranges from 0.21 to 0.31.mu..

Abstract: A stiffener is bonded to the bead of the flashlight bulb and extends along and between the pins. The stiffener includes indexing surfaces for use in laterally positioning the stiffener and flashlight bulb. An insert is bonded into a PR base so that the exposed end of the insert is a prescribed axial distance from an axial reference surface of the PR base. The insert includes a first set of indexing surfaces that center the insert in the PR base. The insert also includes a second set of indexing surfaces for receiving and centering the indexing surfaces of the stiffener with respect to the insert. The stiffener is inserted into the insert far enough that the bead of the flashlight bulb contacts the exposed end of the insert, thereby assuring that the filament is a prescribed distance from the axial reference surface of the PR base. A tight sliding fit between the stiffener and the insert assures that the stiffener is centered within the insert, which in turn is centered within the PR base.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp including a tubular quartz envelope wherein both of the lead-in conductors designed for providing electrical energy to the lamp's coiled filament are strategically positioned within a single, press-sealed end portion of the lamp's envelope. Electrical connections to the lamp may thus be provided at only one end thereof to thereby facilitate positioning and connection of the lamp within a photocopier or similar machine. The lamp is suited for high wattage applications (i.e., about two-hundred watts per linear inch of filament or greater) by the utilization of an expansion coil section which is provided in one of the lamp's two lead-in conductors to prevent bowing of the lead-in conductor and its quartz sleeve. This coil section enables the conductor to expand during the high temperatures encountered when the lamp is operated at such high wattages.

Abstract: A lamp includes a tube which forms part of a sealed vessel, extending between a lamp cap and a pinch at an end of the tube inside the vessel. A current supply conductor extending between a cap contact and a light source inside the vessel includes a fuse wire portion which is embedded in an electrically insulated mass within the tube, part of the fuse wire portion being free of the insulating mass, between the mass and the lamp cap.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp including a tubular quartz envelope wherein both of the lead-in conductors designed for providing electrical energy to the lamp's coiled filament are strategically positioned within a single, press-sealed end portion of the lamp's envelope. Electrical connections to the lamp may thus be provided and only one end thereof to thereby facilitate positioning and connection of the lamp within a photocopier or similar machine.

Abstract: An improved flashlight bulb in which excessive wandering of the glass envelope with respect to the filament during the sealing phase of manufacture is prevented by fusing a spacer bead to the wires supporting the filament, the diameter of the spacer bead being only slightly less than the inside diameter of the glass envelope, so that lateral movement of the glass envelope with respect to the filament is limited by the spacer bead. In the preferred embodiment, the spacer bead is an elongated bead that extends from approximately 0.040 inch of the filament to the base of the bulb. In an alternative embodiment, the wires within the bulb are fused to a sealing bead which is spaced from the spacer bead. In yet another alternative embodiment, a stack of beads extends from a point near the filament to the base of the flashlight bulb.

Abstract: A baseless incandescent lamp having various embodiments all with a single glass unit forming an outer envelope, complementary threads for mating with an electrical socket and an insulative stem is disclosed. The baseless incandescent lamp further comprises a filament rigidly disposed by the insulated stem within the outer envelope and connected between a pair of inner leads. The inner leads are connected to respective outer leads wherein one of the outer leads is connected to at least a portion of the complementary threads by a layer of electrically conductive metal. In one embodiment the other outer lead extends through a central opening of a plastic stem occupying a hollow portion of the outer envelope and is externally and electrically connected to the plastic stem by a layer of the electrically conductive metal.

Abstract: An electric, incandescent lamp including an electrically insulating (e.g., plastic) base which is securedly positioned on the lamp's sealed end portion without the need for adhesives or the like. The base functions to securedly retain the lamp's lead-in wires (a total of four in a dual filament lamp) in a preestablished alignment externally of the lamp's sealed end (from which the wires project) to thereby assure positive electrical connection thereto when the lamp and base are inserted within a corresponding electrical socket. The invention is ideally suited for use in a tail light assembly for an automobile.

Abstract: A lamp having an integral heat sink that gives off heat as well as light during operation. The heat sink intersects the surface of the lamp adjacent the lamp filament for maximum heat transfer effect with minimum light radiation loss.

Abstract: An infra-red lamp consists of a quartz tubular envelope sealed at each end with a respective pinch seal. A tungsten filament supported within the envelope is electrically connected, via a molybdenum foil strip and lead wires within the pinch seal to a connector for connection to a power supply. Each pinch seal is substantially wholly enclosed within a ceramic housing, which is preferably provided with a locating flange, to protect the pinch seal in part from heat emitted by the filament and to assist in location of the lamp in an operating environment.

Abstract: An incandescent electric lamp with a concave conical foil filament suspended by mounting tabs inside a ring conductor between concave conical front and rear bulb walls. Current flows from a center post conductor through the foil filament to the ring conductor to the base. A reflective plate is mounted behind the foil filament to return heat to the filament.

Abstract: An electric incandescent lamp having a bead mount and a filament which extends transversely to the lamp axis. Current supply wires in the pinch seal lie in a plane which encloses an angle of at least 45.degree. with the axis of the filament.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed therewithin, above which a number of infra-red lamps are supported. The ends of each lamp are provided with a pinch seal having an amp tag connector, which is connected to the respective end of a filament within the lamp, sealed therein. Each pinch seal is enclosed within a ceramic housing and the heating apparatus is mounted beneath a layer of glass ceramic. A heat-conductive stud is intimately disposed between the layer and the pinch seal, via an aperture in the housing, so as to provide a good heat-conductive path from the pinch seal to the relatively cool glass ceramic.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed therewithin, above which a number of infra-red lamps are supported. The ends of each lamp are provided with a pinch seal having an amp tag connector, which is connected to the respective end of a filament within the lamp, sealed therein. Each pinch seal is enclosed within a ceramic housing and the heating apparatus is mounted beneath a layer of glass ceramic.A plate of heat-conductive material is intimately disposed between the top surface of one or more of the ceramic housings and the under surface of the glass ceramic, so as to encourage heat from the pinch seals to conduct in an upward direction towards the glass ceramic.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed in the base thereof and a number of infra-red lamps disposed thereabove. The apparatus is accommodated within a housing having a layer of glass ceramic to form a hotplate. Each end of each lamp is provided with a pinch seal enclosed within a ceramic end cap. To improve substantially dissipation of heat from the pinch seals, first apertures are provided in a hollow bar and second apertures are provided in a base plate below the pinch seals, so as to permit air to flow into the housing via the second apertures, substantially around the pinch seals, and out of the housing via the first apertures.

Abstract: An electric lamp has a candoluminescent filament. The filament has a resistive core which is heated electrically. Infrared radiation emitted by the resistive core is converted to visible light by a sheath of candoluminescent material surrounding the resistive core. The filament may be a sintered composition of carbon, ceric oxide and thorium dioxide. Carbon proximate to the surface of the filament is removed by oxidation, leaving a closed pore structure of candoluminescent material.

Abstract: A lead-free sealing glass consisting essentially of, in parts by weight, 8-25 BaO, 20-35 B.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 45-72 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 except for incidental impurities, residual fluxes and refining agents provides an improved molten sealing action especially useful for high temperature electric lamp envelopes and other electrical devices. More particularly, a protective molten seal utilizing said sealing glass is formed between a refractory metal inlead which extends into a larger sized opening of a fused quartz member by filling the free space between said opening in the fused quartz member and the refractory metal inlead with the aforementioned sealing glass composition and thereafter converting the sealing glass to a molten condition during device operation.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp assembly has a generally elliptical vitreous envelope including a cylindrical neck, stem mount with a pair of lead-in wires, and a screw-in base capped on the cylindrical portion of the envelope. The cylindrical neck of the envelope has a circular protruded ring along the entire periphery thereof and in the corresponding position of the screw-in base is provided a concave channel, for a push-in coupling. A flared rim is integrally formed with the concave channel and extends gradually outwardly to bear along the envelope, giving elastic deformation to the upper half of the screw-in base. The lead-in wire is interposed between the cylindrical neck and the screw-in base and fixedly positioned at the circular protruded ring. For prevention of relative rotational movement, heat resistant silicone rubber is applied on the circular protruded ring.

Abstract: An improved incandescent light bulb which is capable of affording increased light efficiency without a resultant increase in either cost or energy consumption. In one embodiment of the bulb, said bulb includes a refractory stiff supporting element, at least one elongated helical resistive filament, two terminals which are each capable of being physically and electrically connected to a different socket and an elongated light transmissive envelope. In another embodiment the bulb additionally includes a reflector bonded to the envelope which reflects light and conducts heat away from said envelope. The stiff supporting element is formed to have a hollow interior. In said hollow interior a magnetizable elongated slug and two holding magnets may be contained. The slug and holding magnets cooperate with a switching means in the interior of the envelope to allow the bulb to selectively emit either a bright or a dim light.

Abstract: This invention relates to a single strand filament wire arranged into a triple-coil filament for an incandescent lamp. The triple-coil filament has selected dimensions that do not require recrystallization of the tungsten wire of the triple-coil filament prior to arranging the triple-coil filament within the incandescent lamp.

Abstract: In a lamp according to the invention the use of cement for connecting the lamp cap (4) has been avoided by using a split metal ring (8). The neck-shaped lamp envelope portion (2) has recesses (13) in which projecting parts (12) of the ring (8) engage. The ring (8) has lugs (14) which at least initially press against the lower edge (3) of the neck-shaped lamp envelope portion (2). The ring (8) is secured to the lamp cap (4). During assembly of the lamp cap (4) the lugs (14) are deformed. A resilient force thereby induced in said lugs pulls the ring (8) in a direction opposite to the direction in which the lamp cap (4) was moved. As soon as the ring (9) is secured to the lamp cap (4), the resilience in the lugs (14) is of no further significance.

Abstract: To provide for cementless attachment of a halogen cycle incandescent bulb ) to a positioning ring (2) formed with a flange-like extension (6a) and a generally sleeve-like projection (6), the press stem (5) of the lamp is placed in a stem holder (1) which has a sleeve-like portion, fitted between lugs (11) extending in the direction of the sleeve-like portion of the positioning ring, the lugs being welded to the stem holder at selected circumferential positions. Assembly, alignment and adjusment of this structure is facilitated with respect to structures in which lugs are bent-over at right angles from a base holder.

Abstract: An incandescent electric light bulb is provided with two fittings, typically two opposed screw-threaded bases, each with two terminals. The bulb is provided with internal parallel conductors between corresponding terminals of the two fittings. One or more incandescent filaments is or are connected between the conductors within the bulb. Accordingly several of the bulbs may be connected fitting-to-fitting, electrically in parallel, with or without inter-bulb connectors, with no need for externally wired sockets between adjoining bulbs. Various fittings, connectors and supports are described.

Abstract: A baseless incandescent lamp assembly comprises a baseless incandescent lamp including a flattened seal section and a pair of external lead wires, a main socket body including a lamp holding chamber to contain the flattened seal section of said baseless incandescent lamp, and a pair of conductive holding members provided in the lamp holding chamber of the main socket body and holding the flattened seal section. Said external lead wires are held and electrically connected to the conductive holding members by being pressed between the conductive holding members and the inner surfaces of the lamp holding chamber.

Abstract: A wedge base lamp assembly that includes a lamp socket having a base with opposed side walls and back walls extending integrally therefrom with a lamp-receiving aperture defined between the side walls and an incandescent lamp having a lower press seal and a pair of lead wires extending from the seal and adapted to be inserted into the lamp-receiving aperture in the socket. The front and back walls each have a respective slot for receiving respective ones of the pair of lead wires. Moreover, the front and back walls have a support post on each wall disposed adjacent the wall slot whereby the lead wires are adapted to extend through the wall slot and be wrapped about the support post.