Abstract: A charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment includes: a first scanning electromagnet device configured to deflect a charged particle beam to a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to a first direction along which the charged particle beam enters, the first scanning electromagnet device having an aperture on an outlet side larger than that on an inlet side; and a second scanning electromagnet device configured to deflect the charged particle beam to a third direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, the second scanning electromagnet device having an aperture on an outlet side larger than that on an inlet side, the first scanning electromagnet device and the second scanning electromagnet device being disposed to be parallel with the first direction.

Abstract: One embodiment relates to a high-voltage electron gun including an insulator stand-off having a resistive layer. The resistive layer is at least on an interior surface of the insulator stand-off. A cathode holder is coupled to one end of the insulator 115 stand-off, and an anode is coupled to the other end. The resistive layer advantageously increases the surface breakdown field strength for the insulator stand-off and so enables a compact design for the high-voltage electron gun. Other embodiments, aspects and feature are also disclosed.

Abstract: A deflection yoke mounted on a rear portion of a cathode ray tube (CRT) to deflect an electron beam emitted from an electron gun of the CRT includes a coil separator mounted on the CRT, a horizontal deflection coil mounted on an inside of the coil separator, having a first section generating a horizontal deflection magnetic field deflecting the electron in a horizontal direction and having a first radius, having a second section generating a magnetic field to weaken the horizontal deflection magnetic field and having a second radius different from the first radius, a vertical deflection coil mounted on an outside of the coil separator and generating a vertical deflection magnetic field deflecting the electron beam in a vertical direction, and a ferrite core covering a portion of the vertical deflection coil to strengthen the horizontal deflection magnetic field and the vertical deflection magnetic field.

Abstract: A low voltage Einzel gun design maximizes the size of the second main lens to reduce spherical aberrations thereby reducing spot-size and improving focus quality. The gun's final accelerator electrode is formed as an internal conductive coating on the neck, which is connected to anode potential through an anode button. The jumper between the final and second accelerator electrodes is removed and the second accelerator electrode is connected through the high voltage stem pin to an external potential. Connection of the high voltage stem pin to anode potential defines an Einzel gun. The focus electrode is now connected to one of the low voltage stem pins. In a high voltage Einzel gun, connecting the second accelerator electrode and focus electrode to the high voltage and a low voltage stem pin, respectively, would cause arcing between the pins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode ray tube with an electron gun capable of improving a resolution of an image by preventing electron beams from striking electrodes and efficiently controlling a spot size that is susceptible to a change in current capacity.

Abstract: An electron gun that can provide a desired electron beam modulation effect without preventing a modulation magnetic field from passing from an exterior of the vacuum portion is provided. A part of a tubular G3 electrode in an electron gun is formed into a coiled portion to allow the modulation magnetic field to pass through the clearances between parts of a wire composing the coiled portion.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes an electron gun directing electrons away from a faceplate having an electrode biased at screen potential. One or more electromagnets located on or near the rear wall of the tube envelope are biased with dc currents so that the electron beam (three beams in a color tube) is deflected by the magnetic field produced thereby to impinge upon the faceplate. The electron beam is magnetically deflected over a relatively small angle as it exits the electron gun to scan across the faceplate to impinge upon phosphors thereon to produce light depicting an image or information. The electromagnet closest the electron gun is typically biased to produce a strong magnetic field to deflect electrons to the faceplate near to the electron gun. The electromagnets more distant the electron gun produce magnetic fields to direct electrons towards the faceplate, with the electromagnet most distant the electron gun deflecting the electrons to tend to increase the landing angle thereof on the faceplate.

Abstract: Electrodes of an electron gun including a pair of first and second outer rim electrode members installed to face one another and where large diameter electron beam apertures through which three electron beams pass are respectively formed, and first and second inner electrode member installed in the outer rim electrode members, respectively, and where three small diameter electron beam apertures are formed to have an in-line shape. In the above electrodes, a burring portion is formed at the edge of the large diameter electron beam aperture of the first outer rim electrode member at one side of the outer rim electrode members facing each other, and the vertical diameter of the electron beam aperture formed in the middle of the small diameter electron beam apertures formed at the first inner electrode is formed to be greater than those of the two other small diameter electron beam apertures.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube and a plural beam electron gun therefor include a main lens that comprises a tubular focus grid G5 and a conductive coating on the inner surface of the tube neck. The neck coating extends from the region of focus grid G5 towards the faceplate of the cathode ray tube. Preferably, the exit of the focus grid G5 is non-planar and is curved or undulated and focus grid G5 includes an aperture plate intermediate its entrance and exit. The aperture plate preferably has an elliptical center beam opening and connected-semi-elliptical outer-beam openings, to better converge and focus the outer and center electron beams. Also preferably, the focus grid G5 is centrally located in the tube neck and at least partly surrounded by the conductive neck coating.

Abstract: When an interval between a Gm electrode and a cathode is broadened with temperature, a potential change similar to a case that a Gm electrode voltage is lowered is generated. If a cathode voltage is constant, a quantity of electrons which pass is decreased whereupon a screen of a cathode ray tube becomes dark. A Gm electrode voltage control circuit is provided to a Gm electrode voltage source for control an applied voltage to the Gm electrode by time information from a time-measuring circuit such that the change of the interval between the cathode and the Gm electrode is corrected during a period of time between the time the voltage is applied to each electrode of a Hi-Gm tube and the time the change of a size of the interval between the cathode and the Gm electrode is saturated.

Abstract: An electron gun for a CRT having a cathode for discharging electron beams, a first electrode for controlling the electron beams discharged from the cathode, and a second electrode for accelerating the electron beams having passed the first electrode, third, fourth and fifth electrodes sequentially installed in the direction of a screen and serving as a pre-focus lens, in which an electron beam passing hole of the third electrode, an electron beam passing hole of the fourth electrode and an electron beam passing hole of the fifth electrode have different sizes By controlling the size of the electron beam passing hole of the third the fourth and the fifth electrodes, the divergence angle and the electron beam size are reduced and the spherical aberration is also reduced Accordingly, a degradation of the spot focussed on the screen can be effectively prevented.

Abstract: An electron gun for a color CRT includes a triode unit including a cathode, a control electrode, and a screen electrode for emitting an electron beam, first and second auxiliary focusing electrodes sequentially installed coaxially with the triode unit, for forming auxiliary lenses, first and second focusing electrodes installed coaxially with the first and second electrodes, for forming a quadrupole lens, and a final acceleration electrode installed close to the second focusing electrode, for forming a main lens. In the electron gun, protruding portions having flat surfaces corresponding to opposite surfaces of the first and second focusing electrodes are formed on at least one of the opposite surfaces of the first and second focusing electrodes to change the profile of the electron beam by applying a dynamic focus voltage to the edge of electron beam passing holes formed in the opposite surfaces.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes an electron gun directing electrons away from a faceplate having an electrode biased at screen potential. A plurality of electrodes located on or near the rear wall of the tube envelope are biased at graduated potentials so that the electron beam is deflected by the electrostatic field produced thereby to impinge upon the faceplate. The electron beam is magnetically deflected over a relatively small angle as it exits the electron gun to scan across the faceplate to impinge upon phosphors thereon to produce light depicting an image or information. The electrodes may be biased at or below screen potential, with the electrode closest the electron gun typically biased at a negative or ground potential and the electrode closest the faceplate (i.e. distal the electron gun) typically biased below screen potential to direct electrons towards the faceplate, thereby to increase the landing angle thereof.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube according to the present invention is able to automatically correct a color shading caused due to a repulsion effect and the like, which occurs between electron beams. An electron gun for use with the cathode-ray tube according to the present invention includes beam apertures bored through a first electrode opposing a cathode disposed in an inline fashion. Further, beam apertures through which so-called side beams pass are bored with a predetermined inclination relative to the opposing cathodes. Consequently, an electron lens formed between the cathode and the first electrode becomes an axial-asymmetric electron lens. The curvature of this electron lens is changed in response to a drive voltage of the cathode. When this curvature is changed, the trajectories of electron beams are changed to cancel an influence caused by a repulsion effect. Thus, a color shading can be corrected automatically.

Abstract: An electron gun for a color cathode ray tube including an electron beam generating unit for generating three electron beams arranged in-line, an auxiliary lens forming unit for forming an auxiliary lens for focusing and accelerating the electron beams generated by the electron beam generating unit, and a main lens forming unit for forming a main lens, for finally focusing and accelerating the electron beams focused and accelerated by the auxiliary lens forming unit, and having first and second outer electrodes which face each other and in each of which a large electron beam aperture through which the three electron beams pass is formed, and first and second inner electrodes each installed inside the first and second outer electrodes and having three electron beam apertures shaped of vertically elongated squares.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube according to the present invention is able to automatically correct a color shading caused due to a repulsion effect and the like, which occurs between electron beams. An electron gun for use with the cathode-ray tube according to the present invention includes beam apertures bored through a first electrode opposing a cathode disposed in an inline fashion. Further, beam apertures through which so-called side beams pass are bored with a predetermined inclination relative to the opposing cathodes. Consequently, an electron lens formed between the cathode and the first electrode becomes an axial asymmetric electron lens. A curvature of this electron lens is changed in response to a drive voltage of the cathode. When this curvature is changed, trajectories of electron beams are changed to cancel an influence caused by a repulsion effect. Thus, a color shading can be corrected automatically.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube has a phosphor screen and an electron gun. The electron gun includes an electron beam generating section for emitting three in-line electron beams toward the phosphor screen and an electron beam focusing section for focusing the electron beams onto the phosphor screen. The electron beam focusing section includes at least one cup-shaped electrode having a tubular portion and a flange formed continuously from the tubular portion. The tubular portion has a generally rectangular cross section having an outwardly curved portion at each side thereof in a direction of arrangement of the three in-line electron beams in a plane perpendicular to the color cathode ray tube axis, the flange has a generally rectangular cross section having an outwardly curved portion at each side thereof in the direction of arrangement of the electron beams in the plane perpendicular to the color cathode ray tube axis, and the flange is formed with a locally thinned-down portion.

Abstract: A pair of first magnetic bodies extending in a direction of an X-axis are so disposed as to be opposed to each other on the X-axis in order to shield an external magnetic field acting on three electron beams lined side by side in the direction of X-axis. A pair of arcuated second magnetic bodies are disposed symmetric with respect to the X-axis in the vicinity of a Y-axis at a predetermined distance from a ring-shaped six-pole magnet plate. The first magnetic bodies, second magnetic bodies and six-pole magnet plate are arranged in this positional relationship, whereby a predetermined magnetic field distribution is created. Cathodes of an electron gun structure are arranged in such a position that a sum of a positive magnetic field component is substantially equal to a sum of.the negative magnetic field component on the trajectory of a center beam.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an electron gun for generating and focusing three in-line electron beams, and a pair of electrodes disposed down stream of a pre-focus lens and forming a final main lens. Each of the pair of electrodes have a common single opening for the three in-line electron beams in an end thereof opposing another of the pair of electrodes. A shield cup is fixed to a final electrode of the electron gun and has applied thereto the same potential which is applied the final electrode, the shield cup having a single aperture common to the three in-line electron beams. A focusing action of the pre-focus lens and a focusing action of the main lens are different between a center electron beam and a side electron beam of said three in-line electron beams, respectively.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an electron gun for generating and focusing three in-line electron beams, a deflection device for deflecting the three electron beams in the horizontal and vertical directions, and a phosphor screen which luminesces when the electron beams impinge thereon. A pair of electrodes of a plurality of electrodes form a final main lens between single openings provided in opposing ends of the pair of electrodes, each of the single openings being common to the three in-line electron beams, and a size of an aperture for a center electron beam of the three in-line electron beams in at least one of the first grid electrode and the second grid electrode is smaller than that of an aperture for a side electron beam of the three in-line electron beams in the at least one of the first grid electrode and the second grid electrode.

Abstract: On a rear plate of a vacuum envelope are provided a plurality of electron guns for emitting electron beams to a phosphor screen, and deflection devices for deflecting the plurality of electron beams emitted from the respective electron guns so as to dividedly scan a plurality of regions of the phosphor screen by the electron beams. Each of the deflection devices has a horizontal deflection coil and a vertical deflection coil. The horizontal deflection coils of the deflection devices are connected to one another in series, and the vertical deflection coils of the deflection devices are connected to one another in series. All the deflection devices are driven by a common deflection driving circuit which has a horizontal deflection driving circuit connected to the horizontal deflection coils and a vertical deflection driving circuit connected to the vertical deflection coils.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an electron gun for generating and focusing three in-line electron beams, a deflection device for deflecting the three electron beams in the horizontal and vertical directions, and a phosphor screen which luminesces when the electron beams impinge thereon. A pair of electrodes of a plurality of electrodes form a final main lens between single openings provided in opposing ends of the pair of electrodes, each of the single openings being common to the three in-line electron beams, and a size of an aperture for a center electron beam of the three in-line electron beams in at least one of the first grid electrode and the second grid electrode is smaller than that of an aperture for a side electron beam of the three in-line electron beams in the at least one of the first grid electrode and the second grid electrode.

Abstract: An electron has an electron-emitting region, a longitudinal axis and an arrangement of apertured electron grids along the axis. A first grid has an aperture for passing electrons, which aperture is located further outwards with respect to the longitudinal axis than the emitting region. One of the other grids is provided with a shield so as to shield the edge wall of the aperture, if it is located within direct view of the electron-emitting region, from incidence of positive ions.

Abstract: In a color picture tube having a wide and flat screen, one set of in-line three electron beam through holes on an end face of a first focusing electrode facing a second focusing electrode are formed with a vertically oblong rectangular shape, and the other set of in-line three electron beam through holes on an end face of the second focusing electrode facing the first focusing electrode are formed with a horizontally oblong rectangular shape, a pair of protrusions is provided on a pair of longer sides of each of the electron beam through holes. Therefore, intensive quadrupole fields, by which deflection distortion can be cancelled, can be generated. Fluctuation of the quadrupole fields due to interference of a dynamic voltage and focusing voltage, which are to be applied to the focusing electrodes, can be prevented.

Abstract: An electron gun for a color picture tube which allows the foci of electron beams to coincide with one another. Making an eccentricity between beam-passing apertures and holes on partitions, the electron gun reinforces an electron lens effect, so that the foci of electron beams can coincide with one another.

Abstract: A vacuum chamber is provided with an electron emission source on a first side wall, a collector on a second side wall opposite to the first side, and an insulated electrode on a bottom wall. Electrons emitted from the electron emission source move over the insulated electrode to be collected by the collector, so that the spatial position and the path of the electrons on the insulated electrode are controlled dependent on an electric potential generated by the insulated electrode.

Abstract: It is known to provide a large screen area using a picture tube having a plurality of guns. The object is to provide a transition of continuous brightness, so that the partial picture transitions are no longer perceptible.This is achieved in that a picture tube without a shadow mask, but with optical sensors, index regions and optical walls is employed, so that a precise detection of the beam is possible and the partial picture transitions are no longer perceptible.Especially for television receivers and monitors.

Abstract: A planar display apparatus with a fluorescent screen formed on the inner surface of a front panel in a planar tube body. An electron gun is disposed at a position deviated in a vertical scanning direction from a region opposite the fluorescent screen, and a vertical deflecting electrode composed of a plurality of parallel electrodes is disposed at an opposite portion relative to the fluorescent screen on the side of a back panel opposed to the front panel of the planar tube body. In a space between the vertical deflecting electrode and the fluorescent screen, there is disposed an electrode structure having at least an electron lens scanning electrode composed of a plurality of parallel electrodes, a splitting electrode for splitting an electron beam from the electron gun into a plurality of beams, a modulating electrode, and horizontal deflection electrodes.

Abstract: In a flat configuration color display CRT in which one or more rows of electron beams are generated with the electron beams passing through respective apertures in successively disposed electrodes including horizontal deflection electrodes, apertures formed in an electrode positioned adjacent to the horizontal deflection electrodes have a central axis position displacement with respect to corresponding apertures of the horizontal deflection electrodes. A trajectory correction voltage which varies during each vertical scanning interval is applied to that adjacent electrode to execute dynamic adjustment of electron beam landing positions and thereby correct for an angular positioning error between a fluorescent layer pattern of the CRT and the electrode structure.

Abstract: An improved electron deflection system for a light valve of the type used in Schlieren dark field projectors is disclosed. The deflection system eliminates one set (D box 25) of three sets of deflection electrodes used in such projectors. This is accomplished by modifying the d.c. voltages and a.c. voltages applied to the deflection electrodes. A quadrupole d.c. voltage is added to the first control box set of electrodes (61, 62) and a second quadrupole voltage of opposite sense is added to the focus deflection box set of electrodes (63, 65). This modifies the vertical and horizontal beam angles differentially and the vertical and horizontal beam trajectories differentially in a manner to compensate for the composite effects of spherical aberrations, deflection focusing aberrations, and the static starfish lens generated by the interaction of the square box electrode structure against the round drift ring assembly (21) of the deflection system.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a screen, a shadow mask and an electron gun section. The electron gun section comprises a plurality of separate unit electron guns. The screen is divided into a plurality of subregions each of which is scanned by an individual unit electron gun. Each unit electron gun emits a single electron beam and is associated with an individual main deflection device for causing the beam to scan the electron gun's particular subregion of the screen and subsidiary deflection means for effecting electron beam color switching.

Abstract: A charged-particle beam electric field deflector includes plural (n) pairs or sets of facing deflection electrodes to accelerate and deflect the beam. Different d.c. acceleration voltages are superimposed on a common deflection voltage and applied to the electrode pairs so that electrode pair k is responsive to acceleration voltage k and the common voltage, where k is selectively each of 1 . . . n. The distance between each pair of facing electrodes is constant or increases along the beam path, while the length of each of the deflection electrodes has a given relationship as a function of the distance between the facing electrodes of each pair. The deflector is used in a flat CRT.

Abstract: A short cathode ray tube (CRT) is formed wherein the axes of deflection in the X and Y directions are separated, and by bending the electron beam path in a region between the separated axes. The deflections and beam bending may be accomplished magnetically or electrostatically. The CRT may use a single electron gun or a multiple gun assembly.

Abstract: A convergence device for electron beams in a color picture tube includes a pair of four-pole magnet rings, a pair of six-pole magnet rings and a pair of two-pole magnet rings, the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of magnetization of which is equal to or less than 0.05%/.degree. C. measured in a temperature range of 0.degree. C. to 120.degree. C.

Abstract: A raster distortion corrector for a cathode ray tube includes magnetically permeable corrector pieces that are located on opposite sides of the deflection yoke. A part of each corrector piece is located within the external field of the vertical deflection coils and presents a low reluctance path to the external field flux. The flux is directed via a flux channelling arm of each corrector piece to a field shaper that causes a distortion correcting field to be formed between the corrector pieces. The flux channelling arms are formed and located so that there is no significant interaction of the corrector pieces with the horizontal deflection field.

Abstract: In a video display system in which a cathode ray tube exhibits blue bow misconvergence, a correction arrangement includes areas of magnetizable material located within recesses formed in the deflection yoke insulator. The material lies between the end turns of the horizontal coils along the sides of the yoke. The material is magnetized to form a four-pole field to effect correction of the blue bow error.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube including feedback means capable of producing a feedback signal indicative of the position, in at least two dimensions, of a scanning electron beam. The feedback means comprises a plurality of feedback elements disposed at selected locations within the tube enclosure. With a shadow-mask type CRT, the elements are formed on the gun-side surface of the shadow mask itself. With other kinds of CRT's, the elements are formed either on an interior supporting member or on the interior surface of the display medium. In one embodiment, the elements are formed of a phosphorescent material. In other embodiments, the elements are formed of materials capable of producing, upon excitation by a scanning electron beam, signals of visual or electrical character. The signals thus produced may be employed in a closed-loop correction system to accomplish automatic convergence and/or geometric adjustment of a displayed image.

Abstract: The picture image display apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises:a flat type vacuum enclosure having a transparent face panel,an electron beam emitter which emits a predetermined number of electron beams disposed in a row in selected positions,a row of control electrodes to control intensities of said electron beams,a row of parallel deflection electrodes, every other one of them being first electrodes commonly connected each other, the other ones of them being second electrodes commonly connected to each other,a phosphor screen formed on the inner face of said face panel and,an anode of thin metal film formed on said surface of said phosphor screen,wherein the apparatus is characterized in thatevery gap defined by one of said first electrodes and one of said second electrode neighboring thereto form deflection electric fields of opposite directions to each other, and said gaps are disposed in a manner that said electron beams simultaneously pass through every said deflection gap.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus for achieving electrostatic deflection of high current ion beams within a scanning apparatus. In one embodiment, a pair of gates are provided, with one gate being oriented proximate each side of the deflection plates, and each gate being biased to a negative voltage of a sufficient amplitude to repel electrons which otherwise would be attracted to the positively-biased deflection plates to thereby protect the electron cloud from degradation, and maintain space charge neutralization of the ion beam. In another embodiment, means are provided to drive the deflection plates at negative voltages at all times and to maintain portions of the ground tube of the apparatus adjacent the deflection plates at a ground or negative level in order to avoid degradation of the electron sheath.

Abstract: A two-aperture immersion lens comprising two substantially parallel plates having a plurality of optically aligned apertures therein is disclosed for an electron optical system. The spacing between the plates and the dimensions of the apertures are selected to provide spherical aberration characteristics which are substantially lower than those for the three-aperture Einzel lens. Also, higher beam current densities and longer cathode lifetimes are provided for electron beam systems by employing two-aperture immersion lenses.