Abstract: Systems and methods are provided that provide a getter in a micromechanical system. In some embodiments, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) is bonded to a substrate. The MEMS and the substrate have a first cavity and a second cavity therebetween. A first getter is provided on the substrate in the first cavity and integrated with an electrode. A second getter is provided in the first cavity over a passivation layer on the substrate. In some embodiments, the first cavity is a gyroscope cavity, and the second cavity is an accelerometer cavity.

Abstract: The present application provides a display panel. The display panel includes a display region and a bonding test region. The display panel includes a base substrate which is provided with a plurality of first test terminals. The bonding test region includes a sealant-blanked sub region and sealant-coated sub regions. Each of the first test terminals is located in the sealant-coated sub region, and the base substrate and each of the first test terminals are provided with a sealing glue layer covering each of the first test terminals.

Abstract: An electronic device structure and an ultra-thin glass sheet used therein. The electronic device structure includes a functional device and an ultra-thin glass above the functional device. The ultra-thin glass has a thickness of no more than 0.4 mm and also has a toughening layer, of which the thickness does not exceed 50% of the thickness of the ultra-thin glass. The ultra-thin glass has a total thickness variation of no more than 20 ?m. The ultra-thin glass used in the electronic device structure according to the present invention provides quality assurance for subsequent potential processes, such as cutting, drilling, coating, screen-printing, laminating, gluing and the like, due to the toughening layer. Moreover, the ultra-thin glass improves functionality of the electronic device structure, in particular of the device, due to its small total thickness variation.

Abstract: A light emitting device (10) includes a substrate (100) and a light emitting unit. The light emitting unit includes a first electrode (110), an organic layer (120), and a second electrode (130). The organic layer (120) is located between the first electrode (110) and the second electrode (130). The conductor (180) extends in the first direction (y direction) and at least a portion thereof is in contact with any surface of the first electrode (110). The conductor (180) contains conductive particles and includes a first portion (181) and a second portion (183). The second portion (183) is thicker than the first portion (181). The first portion (181) and the second portion (183) are aligned in the first direction and connected to each other.

Abstract: Nanoscale field-emission devices are presented, wherein the devices include at least a pair of electrodes separated by a gap through which field emission of electrons from one electrode to the other occurs. The gap is dimensioned such that only a low voltage is required to induce field emission. As a result, the emitted electrons energy that is below the ionization potential of the gas or gasses that reside within the gap. In some embodiments, the gap is small enough that the distance between the electrodes is shorter than the mean-free path of electrons in air at atmospheric pressure. As a result, the field-emission devices do not require a vacuum environment for operation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an OLED display according to an exemplary embodiment comprises: forming a thermosetting adhesive layer having a getter receiving portion on a metal sheet; forming a display unit including a plurality of pixels on a substrate; forming a getter layer at an external side of the display unit on the substrate; adhering the thermosetting adhesive layer and the metal sheet to the substrate so as to locate the getter layer in the getter receiving unit; and hardening the thermosetting adhesive layer. The forming of the thermosetting adhesive layer includes layering a solid thermosetting adhesive sheet which has been patterned so as to have the getter receiving portion on the metal sheet.

Abstract: A thermochromatic display device includes a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet and a plurality of thermochromatic elements. Each of the thermochromatic elements includes a sealed enclosure, an insulation layer and a first heating element. The first heating element includes a carbon nanotube film including a number of carbon nanotube linear units and a number of carbon nanotube groups. Each carbon nanotube linear unit includes a number of first carbon nanotubes substantially oriented along a first direction, and are spaced from each other and substantially extending along the first direction. The carbon nanotube groups are combined with the carbon nanotube linear units by van der Waals force.

Abstract: This fluorescent display tube includes an anode and a plurality of filament-shaped cathodes both provided in an envelope, a support as one of a pair of support bodies which support the cathodes is electrically divided for each of the cathodes and at the time of driving, and a cathode driving IC gives pulse voltages to the cathodes at different timing. Since the voltages are applied to the arranged cathodes sequentially, current flowing through the cathode driving IC can be small as compared with a case where voltages are simultaneously applied to a plurality of cathodes. Heat generation of the cathode driving IC is suppressed, and costs required for the cathode driving IC are reduced.

Abstract: A thin film transistor based on carbon nanotubes comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode, a semiconducting layer, an insulating layer and a gate electrode. The drain electrode is spaced apart from the source electrode. The semiconductor layer is electrically connected with the source electrode and the drain electrode. The gate electrode is insulated from the source electrode, the drain electrode, and the semiconductor layer by the insulating layer. The semiconductor layer includes a number of semiconductor fragments, each of the number of semiconductor fragments includes multilayer semiconductor molecular layers, and a quantity of layers of the number of semiconductor molecular layers ranges from about 1 to about 20.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an anode structure at least partly covered by a phosphor layer, an evacuated envelope inside of which an anode structure is arranged, and a field emission cathode, wherein the field emission lighting arrangement is configured to receive a drive signal for powering the field emission lighting arrangement and to sequentially activate selected portions of the phosphor layer for emitting light. The same control regime may be applied to an arrangement comprising a plurality of field emission cathodes and a single field emission anode. Advantages with the invention includes increase lifetime of the field emission lighting arrangement.

Abstract: A multiple-pixel-beam retinal display (MPBRD) system comprises a near-eye or on-eye display system which delivers any one or more of 2D or 3D images or data to at least one of a user's retinas using a bundle of simultaneously—and differently—statically directed light beams. Each individual beam is of low or no divergence and each angularly fixed beam of the bundle originates from a different corresponding source-image pixel and is delivered through a display-system exit aperture each at static, fixed angles. The bundle of differently statically directed, individually low- or no-divergence pixel beams can be overlaid upon a user's eye-entrance pupil.

Abstract: A thermochromatic element includes a sealed enclosure, an insulation layer and a first heating element. The sealed enclosure includes an upper semitransparent sheet and a lower sheet opposite to the upper semitransparent sheet, and defines a chamber between the upper semitransparent sheet and the lower sheet. The first transparent heating element is the semitransparent upper sheet. The first transparent heating element includes a carbon nanotube film including a number of carbon nanotube linear units and a number of carbon nanotube groups. Each carbon nanotube linear unit includes a number of first carbon nanotubes substantially oriented along a first direction, and are spaced from each other and substantially extending along the first direction. The carbon nanotube groups are combined with the carbon nanotube linear units by van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube groups between adjacent carbon nanotube linear units are spaced from each other in the first direction.

Abstract: Display apparatus with reduced susceptibility to electro-magnetic interference includes a display including an array of pixels and a ground mesh located in proximity to the display. The ground mesh includes a plurality of electrically connected ground lines located between the pixels, so that electro-magnetic radiation emitted or received by the display is reduced.

Abstract: A light emitting diode includes a second electrode, a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, a second semiconductor layer, a reflector, and a first electrode. The second electrode, the first semiconductor layer, the active layer, the second semiconductor layer, and the reflector are stacked on the first electrode in that order. The first semiconductor layer defines a number of grooves on a surface contacting the second electrode. The grooves form a patterned surface used as the light extraction surface.

Abstract: An LCD display has a programmable backlight device that produces multiple different color fields from multiple different phosphor elements. The backlight device can be a low resolution FED device. The phosphor is applied by an electrophotographic screening process or direct electrostatic screening process. The FED device can further incorporate a wide gamut phosphor.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission X-ray tube. The field emission X-ray tube includes a cathode electrode provided on one end of a vacuum container, including a field emission emitter; a gate electrode provided inside the vacuum container to be adjacent to the cathode electrode, including a first opening; a focusing electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode and provided on one surface of the gate electrode to be farther from the cathode electrode than the gate electrode while including a second opening with a greater width than that of the first opening; and an anode electrode provided inside the vacuum container on another end thereof in a direction where the vacuum container is extended. A height of the focusing electrode is identical to the width of the second opening, and wherein the width of the first opening is ? or less of the second opening.

Abstract: A method for fabricating the field emission cathode structure includes following steps. A first carbon nanotube structure is provided. The first carbon nanotube structure is suspended. A voltage is applied to heat the first carbon nanotube structure to form a temperature gradient. A number of second carbon nanotubes are grown on a surface of the first carbon nanotube structure to form a second carbon nanotube structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for various advantageous methods and apparatus of controlling electron emission. One of the broader forms of the present disclosure involves an electron emission element, comprising an electron emitter including an electron emission region disposed between a gate electrode and a cathode electrode. An anode is disposed above the electron emission region, and a voltage set is disposed above the anode. A first voltage applied between the gate electrode and the cathode electrode controls a quantity of electrons generated from the electron emission region. A second voltage applied to the anode extracts generated electrons. A third voltage applied to the voltage set controls a direction of electrons extracted through the anode.

Abstract: A system comprises a light source and an electrode device (20, 30, 60). The light source comprises a base (40) with a base surface (42) on which at least two contact elements are provided. The electrode device has at least two electrodes (23, 24, 34, 35), preferably of ferromagnetic or electromagnetic material and having a different polarity during operation. Adjacent electrodes are arranged at a predetermined electrode distance. Both electrodes are provided in one layer and are arranged in an interdigitated configuration. The light source has at least two, but preferably four contact elements (43, 53, 63) arranged at a mutual spacing which is essentially compatible with said electrode distance.

Abstract: A metal gate electrode for a field emission device includes a plurality of metal strips. Some of the metal strips are arranged substantially along a first direction, and other metal strips are arranged substantially along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The metal strips are connected to each other to define a plurality of rectangular apertures through which electrons can pass.

Abstract: The invention provides a new ultraviolet light-emitting material and ultraviolet light source in which bacteriocidal performance, operating life, and luminescence efficiency are enhanced without any risk of adversely affecting human bodies. An ultraviolet light-emitting material has a composition as represented by Formula (A): (Al1-xScx)2O3??(A) where a dopant, Sc is added to a matrix, Al2O3, and x satisfies 0<x<1.

Abstract: A field emission flat light source and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The field emission flat light source includes an anode (110), a cathode (120), a light guide plate (130) and a separation body (140). The anode (110) and the light guide plate (130) are separated by the separation body (140). The cathode (120) is provided in the contained space (150) formed by the anode (110), the light guide plate (130) and the separation body (140). The anode (110) includes an anode substrate (112), a metal reflective layer (114) provided on the anode substrate (112) and a light emitting layer (116) provided on the metal reflective layer (114). The cathode (120) includes a cathode substrate (122) and an electron emitter (124) provided on the surface of the cathode substrate (122). The thermal conductivity of the field emission flat light source is improved. The field emission flat light source is applied to the field of the liquid crystal display or the illumination light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to display manufacturing technology, especially for a dielectric-free triode field emission display device based on double-gate/single-cathode type electron emission units and the device drive methods. This device comprises parallelly positioned anode and cathode/gate plates, during production, gate/cathode/gate electron emission units are set on the cathode/gate plate side by side. The spacing between cathode and gate electrodes is vacuum circumstance. For each cathode, an anode is positioned on the anode plate, facing the cathode. And the voltages applied on the cathode and gate electrodes are to scan and the anode voltage is to adjust the signal. When the electrodes on the cathode/gate plate take on fixed roles, fixed voltages are used to drive the device. When these electrodes on the cathode/gate plate can be used interchangeably as cathode or gate electrodes, respectively, pulse scanning method is used to drive the device.

Abstract: A field emission display is also provided. The field emission display includes a plurality of pixel units. Each of the plurality of pixel units includes a first electrode located on the insulating substrate; a plurality of first electron emitters located on and electrically connected to the first electrode; a first phosphor layer located on the first electrode; a second electrode located on the insulating substrate and spaced from the first electrode, wherein the second electrode extends at least partly around the first electrode; a plurality of second electron emitters located on and electrically connected to the second electrode; and a second phosphor layer located on the second electrode.

Abstract: A field emission cathode device includes a substrate and a carbon nanotube structure. The substrate includes a first surface. The carbon nanotube structure defines a contact body and an emission body. The contact body is contacted to the first surface of substrate. The emission body is curved away from the first surface. The carbon nanotube structure includes a number of carbon nanotubes joined end to end from the contact body to the emission body to form a continuous structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a symmetric quadrupole structured field emission display without spacer comprising the upper and under substrates with a dielectric layer in between, wherein comb-like dielectric layer with lateral connection belts and a number of longitudinal working belts and longitudinal anodes are arranged on the upper substrate, bus electrodes are arranged longitudinally along the center on each anode, on the top, longitudinal alternating phosphor layer and dielectric layer for isolation on anode, gate electrodes are arranged on both sides of each longitudinal work belts, with the bus electrode as symmetry center, forming interdigital gate electrodes, horizontal cathode electrodes and longitudinal auxiliary electrodes are on the under substrate, resistor layer for current limiting and dielectric layer for cathode protection are arranged alternating horizontally on each cathode electrode, each intersect of the auxiliary electrode and cathode is isolated by the dielectric layer for cathode.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes field emission device embodiments. The present disclosure also includes method embodiments for forming field emitting devices. One device embodiment includes a housing defining an interior space including a lower portion and an upper portion, a cathode positioned in the lower portion of the housing, a elongate nanostructure coupled to the cathode, an anode positioned in the upper portion of the housing, and a control grid positioned between the elongate nanostructure and the anode to control electron flow between the anode and the elongate nanostructure.

Abstract: A field emission cathode device includes a cathode substrate, a gate electrode, a first dielectric layer, a cathode electrode, and an electron emission layer. The gate electrode is located on a surface of the cathode substrate. The first dielectric layer is located on a surface of the gate electrode and defines a first opening to expose part of the gate electrode. The cathode electrode is spaced from the gate electrode through the first dielectric layer defining a second opening in alignment with the first opening. A field emission display using the field emission cathode device is also related.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a symmetric quadrupole structured field emission display without spacer comprising the upper and under substrates with a dielectric layer in between, wherein comb-like dielectric layer with lateral connection belts and a number of longitudinal working belts and longitudinal anodes are arranged on the upper substrate, bus electrodes are arranged longitudinally along the center on each anode, on the top, longitudinal alternating phosphor layer and dielectric layer for isolation on anode, gate electrodes are arranged on both sides of each longitudinal work belts, with the bus electrode as symmetry center, forming interdigital gate electrodes, horizontal cathode electrodes and longitudinal auxiliary electrodes are on the under substrate, resistor layer for current limiting and dielectric layer for cathode protection are arranged alternating horizontally on each cathode electrode, each intersect of the auxiliary electrode and cathode is isolated by the dielectric layer for cathode

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an anode structure at least partly covered by a phosphor layer, an evacuated envelope inside of which an anode structure is arranged, and a field emission cathode, wherein the field emission lighting arrangement is configured to receive a drive signal for powering the field emission lighting arrangement and to sequentially activate selected portions of the phosphor layer for emitting light. The same control regime may be applied to an arrangement comprising a plurality of field emission cathodes and a single field emission anode. Advantages with the invention includes increase lifetime of the field emission lighting arrangement.

Abstract: A method of forming an emission layer by using droplets and an emission part on which charges with opposite polarities are induced, a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display device including the emission layer, and the organic light emitting display device thereof, the method includes inducing charges having a first charge polarity on emission portions by facing a surface of a mask and a surface of a substrate, contacting the charge inducing units of the mask to the emission portions of the substrate, and then separating the mask from the substrate, supplying droplets exhibiting a second and opposite charge polarity to the substrate and forming the emission layer by allowing droplets exhibiting the second charge polarity to be attracted to and move to the emission portions exhibiting the first charge polarity.

Abstract: A field emission device includes an insulating substrate, a number of first electrode down-leads, a number of second electrode down-leads, and a number of electron emission units. The first electrode down-leads are set an angle relative to the second electrode down-leads to define a number of cells. Each electron emission unit is located in each cell and includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a plurality of electron emitters. The second electrode extends surrounding the first electrode. The plurality of electron emitters located on and electrically connected to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode. A field emission display is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a new ultraviolet light-emitting material and ultraviolet light source in which bacteriocidal performance, operating life, and luminescence efficiency are enhanced without any risk of adversely affecting human bodies. An ultraviolet light-emitting material has a composition as represented by Formula (A): (Al1?xScx)2O3??(A) where a dopant, Sc is added to a matrix, Al2O3, and x satisfies 0<x<1.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for modifying a carbon nanotube electrode interface, which modifies carbon nanotubes used as a neuron-electrode interface by performing three stages of modifications and comprises the steps of: carboxylating carbon nanotubes to provide carboxyl functional groups and improve the hydrophilicity of the carbon nanotubes; acyl-chlorinating the carboxylated carbon nanotubes to replace the hydroxyl functional groups of the carboxyl functional groups with chlorine atoms; and aminating the acyl-chlorinated carbon nanotubes to replace the chlorine atoms with a derivative having amine functional groups at the terminal thereof. The modified carbon nanotubes used as the neuron-electrode interface has lower impedance and higher adherence to nerve cells. Thus is improved the quality of neural signal measurement.

Abstract: A driving method of an electron emitting device which includes a first electrode, a particle layer formed on the first electrode and including insulating particles, and a second electrode formed on the particle layer includes: applying a voltage between the first and second electrodes to emit electrons from the first electrode so that the electrons are accelerated through the particle layer and emitted from the second electrode, wherein the applied voltage includes pulses which have a first frequency and are oscillated at a second frequency lower than the first frequency.

Abstract: A field emission type surface light source device and an image display apparatus employing the same. The field emission type surface light source device includes a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed to face each other; a sealing member that seals the first substrate and the second substrate; first electrodes and second electrodes that are disposed on the first substrate such that the first electrodes cross the second electrodes in an insulated state; electron emitters that are electrically connected to one of the first electrodes and the second electrodes; a phosphor layer that is disposed on one surface of the second substrate; a third electrode that is disposed on one surface of the phosphor layer; and a first terminal and a second terminal that are electrically connected the first electrodes and the second electrodes, respectively, and are disposed on a same side of the first substrate outside of a region sealed by the sealing member.

Abstract: A flat panel display is disclosed. The flat panel display includes a plurality of electrically addressable pixels, a plurality of thin-film transistor driver circuits each been electrically coupled to an associated at least one of the pixels, respectively, a passivating layer on the thin-film transistor driver circuits and at least partially around the pixels, a conductive frame on the passivating layer, and a plurality of nanostructures on the conductive frame, wherein, creating a voltage difference between the pixels and the conductive frame by addressing one of the pixels using the associated driver circuit causes the nanostructures to emit electrons that induce a corresponding one of the pixels to emit light. The display further comprising a nano material deposited on a metal cathode layer. The nano-material providing additional electron emission through secondary electron emission.

Abstract: A field emission display (FED) and a fabrication method thereof are disclosed. A lower plate of the FED includes: a cathode electrode formed on the substrate; a diffusion blocking layer formed on the cathode electrode; a seed metal layer formed on the diffusion blocking layer; carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) grown as single crystals from the grains of the seed metal layer; a gate insulating layer formed on the substrate on which the cathode electrode, the diffusion blocking layer, and the seed metal layer are formed, in order to cover the CNTs; and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to display manufacturing technology, especially for a dielectric-free triode field emission display device based on double-gate/single-cathode type electron emission units and the device drive methods. This device comprises parallelly positioned anode and cathode/gate plates, during production, gate/cathode/gate electron emission units are set on the cathode/gate plate side by side. The spacing between cathode and gate electrodes is vacuum circumstance. For each cathode, an anode is positioned on the anode plate, facing the cathode. And the voltages applied on the cathode and gate electrodes are to scan and the anode voltage is to adjust the signal. When the electrodes on the cathode/gate plate take on fixed roles, fixed voltages are used to drive the device. When these electrodes on the cathode/gate plate can be used interchangeably as cathode or gate electrodes, respectively, pulse scanning method is used to drive the device.

Abstract: A display panel with secured mechanical reliability comprises: a first plate including a display region and a non display region, a second plate facing the first plate, a first frit portion interposed between the first plate and the second plate and sealing the display region from outside, and a second frit portion separated from the first fit portion and comprising a plurality of sub-frits isolated from each other. The sub-frits are located between a first line which passes through points closest to edges of the first plate among outer points of the first frit portion with respect to a sealed space and extends parallel to the edges of the first plate and a second line which passes through points furthest from the edges of the first plate among inner points of the first frit portion with respect to the sealed space and extends parallel to the edges of the first plate.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes first and second substrates, an electron emitting device, light emitting members, and a spacer located between the first and second substrates. Straight-line ribs higher than the light emitting members are formed on the second substrate with one of the lines of light emitting members interposed between each adjacent pair of ribs. The spacer extends in a second direction intersecting a first direction in which the ribs extend, and is located between the light emitting members adjacent to each other in the first direction. The ribs include first and second ribs, and each first rib includes a wide portion where it intersects the spacer, the wide portion having a large width in the second direction and being higher than parts of the second ribs intersecting the spacer, at least one of the second ribs being disposed between each adjacent pair of first ribs.

Abstract: Field emission devices utilizing capacitive ballasting are described with possible uses in industry. The preferred device utilizes opposing electrodes, each with a dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive islands which serve to exchange electrons, generating an oscillatory current. Ideally these islands are dome-shaped and made of a refractory metal such as tungsten of molybdenum. Through proper use and selection of materials, electrical fields with densities of 1014 A/m2 are capable of being generated.

Abstract: An electron emitting element of the present invention includes an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between an electrode substrate and a thin-film electrode, and the electron acceleration layer includes a fine particle layer containing insulating fine particles and a basic dispersant. This makes it possible to provide an electron emitting element which does not cause insulation breakdown in an insulating layer and which can be produced at a low cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides devices comprising an assembly of carbon nanotubes, and related methods. In some cases, the carbon nanotubes may have enhanced alignment. Devices of the invention may comprise features and/or components which may enhance the emission of electrons and may lower the operating voltage of the devices. Using methods described herein, carbon nanotube assemblies may be manufactured rapidly, at low cost, and over a large surface area. Such devices may be useful in display applications such as field emission devices, or other applications requiring high image quality, low power consumption, and stability over a wide temperature range.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a field emission electronic device. The field emission electronic device includes an insulating substrate, a first electrical conductor located on surface of the insulating substrate, a number of electron emitters connected to the first electrical conductor, a second electrical conductor spaced apart from and insulated from the first electrical conductor. Each of the number of electron emitters includes at least one electron emitter. Each of the electron emitters includes a carbon nanotube pipe. The carbon nanotube pipe includes a first end, a second end and a main body connecting the first end and the second end. The first end of the carbon nanotube pipe is electrically connected to one of the plurality of row electrodes. The second end of the carbon nanotube pipe has a number of carbon nanotube peaks.

Abstract: A field emission cathode structure includes an insulating substrate, a number of strip cathode electrodes, a number of insulators, a number of strip gate electrodes, a number of electron emission units, and a number of fixing layers. The number of insulators is located among and spaced apart from the number of strip cathode electrodes. The field emission cathode structure further satisfies the following conditions: D1?D2/10, wherein, D1 is defined as a width of each of the number of insulators, and D2 is defined as a distance between centerlines of each two adjacent field emission units of the number of field emission units.

Abstract: A field emission device for emitting white light is provided. The device includes a cathode plate assembly (1), an anode plate assembly (2) which is opposite to and spaced from the cathode plate assembly (1), and a supporting body (3) for tight coupling the cathode plate assembly (1) with the anode plate assembly (2). The anode plate assembly (2) includes a transparent substrate (203) which can emit yellow light when excited by blue light. An anode (202) and a blue cathode ray luminescent material layer (201) are provided on the surface of the transparent substrate (203). The blue cathode ray luminescent material layer (201) contains blue cathode ray luminescent material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission planar lighting lamp, which comprises: a base substrate; cathodes disposed on the base substrate; anodes disposed on the base substrate, wherein the cathodes are disposed beside the anodes, each anode has an impacted surface corresponding to the cathodes, and the impacted surface is an inclined plane or a curved plane; a phosphor layer disposed on the impacted surface of the anode; and a front substrate corresponding to the base substrate, wherein the anodes and the cathodes are disposed between the base substrate and the front substrate.

Abstract: A matrix-type cold-cathode electron source device includes: an emitter array (3b) in which a plurality of emitters are arranged, and a gate electrode (5) opposed to the emitter array (3b). The gate electrode (5) includes: an emitter area gate electrode (5c) opposed to the emitter array (3b); a gate address electrode (5a) connecting the emitter area gate electrode (5c) to a gate signal wire (8a); and a high-resistance area (5b) disposed between the gate address electrode (5a) and the emitter area gate electrode (5c).

Abstract: An electron emission apparatus includes an insulating substrate, one or more grids located on the substrate, wherein the one or more grids includes: a first, second, third and fourth electrode that are located on the periphery of the grid, wherein the first and the second electrode are parallel to each other, and the third and fourth electrodes are parallel to each other; and one or more electron emission units located on the substrate. Each the electron unit includes at least one electron emitter, the electron emitter includes a first end, a second end and a gap; wherein the first end is electrically connected to one of the plurality of the first electrodes and the second end is electrically connected to one of the plurality of the third electrodes; two electron emission ends are located in the gap, and each electron emission end includes a plurality of electron emission tips.