Abstract: A multi-channel induction accelerator (MIAC) comprised of the injector block, the drive source, the output device, and the multi-channel induction acceleration block. The latter is made in the form of an aggregate of one-channel linear induction acceleration blocks (including those which are oriented parallel one to other), each of which is made in the form of a sequence of the linearly connected acceleration sections, each of which, in turn, is made in the form of one or a few magnetic inductors enveloped by a conductive screen. Therein, at least one of the conductive screens is made in such a manner that it envelops at least two acceleration sections, which belong to different one-channel linear induction acceleration blocks. The invention allows to increase electric voltage in acceleration spaces of the acceleration sections without increasing the current strength in the inductors winding, and to increase efficiency of the accelerator.

Abstract: A multi-channel undulation induction accelerator of charged particles, comprising an injector block, drive source, output systems, turning systems, and induction acceleration block, which is made in the form of at least two one-channel linear induction acceleration blocks (including those that are placed parallel with one to other), linked by means of turning systems, each of which connects an output of one of the one-channel linear induction acceleration blocks with an input of another, similar block. At least one of the turning systems is made in the form of a sequence of fragments of solenoid, which are joined with each other in such a manner that they form a working channel for the charged particle beam, which accomplish a 180° or less angle turn.

Abstract: A Hall effect thruster for propelling spacecraft and satellites includes at least two acceleration channels, each of the channels has a closed end and an open end, and a plurality of flux guides adjacent each of the channels. The plurality of flux guides includes an innermost flux guide, an outermost flux guide, and at least one intermediate flux guide. Each intermediate flux guide helps provide a magnetic field to each of two adjacent acceleration channels.

Abstract: The present invention provides an increased degree of uniformity of radiation dose distribution for the interior of a diseased part. A particle beam therapy system includes a charged particle beam generation apparatus and an irradiation apparatus. An ion beam is generated by the charged particle beam generation apparatus. The irradiation apparatus exposes a diseased part to the generated ion beam. A scattering device, a range adjustment device, and a Bragg peak spreading device are installed upstream of a first scanning magnet and a second scanning magnet. The scattering device and the range adjustment device are combined together and moved along a beam axis, whereas the Bragg peak spreading device is moved independently along the beam axis. The scattering device moves to adjust the degree of ion beam scattering. The range adjustment device moves to adjust ion beam scatter changes caused by an absorber thickness adjustment.

Abstract: The invention addresses a multi-channel induction accelerator with external channels, which in its broadest form includes an injector block, a drive system, a block of output systems, and a multi-channel induction accelerative block. The multi-channel induction accelerative block is formed of an aggregate of linear induction acceleration blocks (including those that are placed parallel one with respect to the other), each acceleration block being formed from a sequence of linearly connected acceleration sections. Each acceleration section comprises one or more magnetic inductors enveloped by a conductive screening. One or more inner accelerative channels are placed axially within the inner parts of the conductive screening and have one or more azimuthally oriented slits. One or more channel electrodes are connected electrically with different parts of the inner parts of the conductive screening that are separated by the slit.

Abstract: A high-current, high-gradient, high-efficiency, multi-stage cavity cyclotron resonance accelerator (MCCRA) provides energy gains of over 50 MeV/stage, at an acceleration gradient that exceeds 20 MeV/m, in room temperature cavities. The multi-stage cavity cyclotron resonance accelerator includes a charged particle source, a plurality of end-to-end rotating mode room-temperature cavities, and a solenoid coil. The solenoid coil encompasses the cavities and provides a substantially uniform magnetic field that threads through the cavities. Specifically, the MCCRA is provided with a constant magnetic field sufficient to produce a cyclotron frequency a little higher than the RF of the accelerating electric field. A plurality of input feeds, each of which respectively coupled to a cavity, are also provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the beam from the first cavity passes through a cutoff drift tube and is accelerated further with a cavity supporting a still lower radio-frequency electric field.

Abstract: An electromagnetic induced accelerator includes internal and external circular loop inductors for inducing a magnetic field when a current is applied to the internal and external circular loop inductors in a same direction, the internal and external circular loop inductors being spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and disposed coaxially and parallel to each other; a channel, which includes dielectric layers contacting the internal and external circular loop inductors, disposed between the internal and external circular loop inductors, wherein a secondary current is induced in the channel between the dielectric layers by the induced, magnetic field; and a discharging coil for supplying a pulse energy to the channel and for generating a plasma.

Abstract: A new and improved undulator design is provided that enables a variable period length for the production of synchrotron radiation from both medium-energy and high-energy storage rings. The variable period length is achieved using a staggered array of pole pieces made up of high permeability material, permanent magnet material, or an electromagnetic structure. The pole pieces are separated by a variable width space. The sum of the variable width space and the pole width would therefore define the period of the undulator. Features and advantages of the invention include broad photon energy tunability, constant power operation and constant brilliance operation.

Abstract: Some embodiments include operation of an accelerator waveguide to accelerate particles to a first energy within the waveguide, wherein a prebuncher coupled to the waveguide outputs particle bunches having a first phase, change of a phase at which particle bunches will be output from the prebuncher from the first phase to a second phase, and operation of the accelerator waveguide to accelerate particles to a second energy within the waveguide, wherein the prebuncher outputs particle bunches having the second phase. Further aspects provide change of a resonant frequency of the prebuncher from a first frequency to a second frequency. According to still further aspects, the prebuncher includes a prebuncher cavity and change of the resonant frequency comprises change of a shape of the prebuncher cavity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for pre-acceleration of ions and optimized matching of beam parameters used in a heavy ion application comprising a radio frequency quadruple accelerator (RFQ) having two mini-vane pairs supported by a plurality of alternating stems accelerating the ions from about 8 keV/u to about 400 keV/u and an intertank matching section for matching the parameters of the ion beam coming from the radio frequency quadruple accelerator (RFQ) to the parameters required by a subsequent drift tube linear accelerator (DTL).

Abstract: The invention relates to a compact time-of-flight mass spectrometer which enables very accurate mass determinations. The invention consists of a method of producing a high resolution by means of a long flight path, where the ion beam repeatedly sweeps a figure of eight in two opposed cylindrical capacitors, each of 254.56°, and the linear ion beam paths between the cylindrical capacitors are extended virtually by a change in potential so as to cause a time focusing with respect to an initial energy spread.

Abstract: For a plasma accelerator arrangement having a focused electron beam introduced into a plasma chamber, an annular structure of the chamber and a hollow cylindrical form of the electron beam are presented. A beam-guiding magnet system and, if appropriate, an electrode system is preferably formed in a plurality of stages in an adapted toroidal form.

Abstract: The present invention provides an increased degree of uniformity of radiation dose distribution for the interior of a diseased part. A particle beam therapy system includes a charged particle beam generation apparatus and an irradiation apparatus. An ion beam is generated by the charged particle beam generation apparatus. The irradiation apparatus exposes a diseased part to the generated ion beam. A scattering device, a range adjustment device, and a Bragg peak spreading device are installed upstream of a first scanning magnet and a second scanning magnet. The scattering device and the range adjustment device are combined together and moved along a beam axis, whereas the Bragg peak spreading device is moved independently along the beam axis. The scattering device moves to adjust the degree of ion beam scattering. The range adjustment device moves to adjust ion beam scatter changes caused by an absorber thickness adjustment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for thrusting plasma, utilizing a Hall thruster with segmented electrodes along the channel, which make the acceleration region as localized as possible. Also disclosed are methods of arranging the electrodes so as to minimize erosion and arcing. Also disclosed are methods of arranging the electrodes so as to produce a substantial reduction in plume divergence. The use of electrodes made of emissive material will reduce the radial potential drop within the channel, further decreasing the plume divergence. Also disclosed is a method of arranging and powering these electrodes so as to provide variable mode operation.

Abstract: An electrostatic fluid accelerator includes a first number of corona electrodes and a second number of accelerating electrodes spaced apart from and parallel to adjacent ones of the corona electrodes. An electrical power source is connected to supply the corona and accelerating electrodes with an operating voltage to produce a high intensity electric field in an inter-electrode space between the corona electrodes and the accelerating electrodes. The accelerating electrodes may be made of a high electrical resistivity material, each of the electrodes having mutually perpendicular length and height dimension oriented transverse to a desired fluid flow direction and a width dimension oriented parallel to the desired fluid flow direction.

Abstract: A noise filter for a high frequency generator maximizes a frequency band in which noise is attenuated by adjusting a spacing between winding turns of core inductors provided in the noise filter. The noise filter includes a choke coil having a first winding unit having a first spacing between turns thereof, a second winding unit having a second spacing between turns thereof and a third winding unit having a spacing the same as the first spacing between turns thereof. The first, second, and third winding units are connected in series to each other. The noise filter also includes a high-frequency energy absorbing member inserted into the choke coil. The high-frequency energy absorbing member is made of one of iron oxide, tin alloy and ferrite, and includes a sectional area to attenuate noise in a frequency band ranging from 30 MHZ to 1000 MHz.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for controlling nonlinear control problems within particle accelerators. This method involves first utilizing software tools to identify variable inputs and controlled variables associated with the particle accelerator, wherein at least one variable input parameter is a controlled variable. This software tool is further operable to determine relationships between the variable inputs and controlled variables. A control system that provides variable inputs to and acts on controller outputs from the software tools tunes one or more manipulated variables to achieve a desired controlled variable, which in the case of a particle accelerator may be realized as a more efficient collision.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the ion-beam apparatus takes the form of a gridless ion source with a hot-filament cathode-neutralizer, in which the hot filament is heated with a current from the cathode-neutralizer heater. The cathode-neutralizer is connected to the negative terminal of the discharge supply for the gridless ion source. This connection is substantially isolated from ground (the potential of the surrounding vacuum chamber, which is usually at earth ground) and its potential is measured relative to ground. The heater current to the cathode-neutralizer is controlled by adjusting it so as to maintain this potential in a narrow operating range. This control can be manual or automatic.

Abstract: The present inventions is related to a superconducting or non-superconducting isochronous sector-focused cyclotron, comprising an electromagnet with an upper pole and a lower pole that constitute the magnetic circuit, the poles being made of at least three pair of sectors (3,4) called “hills” where the vertical gap between said sectors is small, these hill-sectors being separated by sector-formed spaces called “valleys” (5) where the vertical gap is large, said cyclotron being energized by at least one pair of main coils (6), characterised in that at least one pair of upper and lower hills is significantly longer than the remaining pair of hill sectors in order to have at least one pair of extended hill sectors (3) and at least one pair of non-extended hill sectors (4) in that a groove (7) or a “plateau” (7′) which follows the shape of the extracted orbit is present in said pair of extended hill sectors (3) in order to produce a dip (200) in the magnetic field.

Abstract: In such a case that a radial dimension of an outer circumference of a small-diameter strap ring of a magnetron is equal to “Rs1”, a radial dimension of an inner circumference of a large-diameter strap ring is equal to “Rs2”, a radius of a circumference which is inscribed to tip portions of anode vanes is equal to “Ra”, and a radius of a central flat portion of a magnetic piece, which is located in the vicinity of each of the anode vanes, is equal to “Rp”, the respective values of Ra, Rs1, Rs2, Rp are set in such a manner that the below-mentioned formulae (1) and (2) can be established:

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the feedback control of a grid scanner in ion therapy. An apparatus of that kind for the feedback control of a grid scanner has scanner magnet current supply devices for ion beam scanner magnets that deflect horizontally and vertically with respect to the middle of the ion beam, the supply devices being controlled by control and read-out modules for the scanner magnets. Furthermore, the apparatus has a location-sensitive detector for location measurement, which is controlled by means of a control and read-out module. A sequence control device controls the activation and read-out sequence among the devices of the apparatus, the apparatus also having in the sequence control device a circuit arrangement having a feedback loop between the control and read-out modules for the scanner magnets and the control and read-out module of the location-sensitive detector.

Abstract: A method for generating a closely spaced train of extremely high voltage short pulses. The method involves generating the train of pulses by combining a plurality of harmonic amplitudes to construct said pulses, via a Fourier construction. Any arbitrary pulse shape can be reproduced simply by changing the amplitude of the harmonics. The train of high voltage electrical pulses produced by the method of the present invention is particularly well suited for the acceleration of particles by applying the pulses to an appropriate accelerating structure, or the pulses can be used to drive an undulator/wiggler.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.

Abstract: An charged particle beam irradiation apparatus is provided which increases the width in a depth direction of a Bragg peak to be formed, by means of a simple construction. The charged particle beam irradiation apparatus includes a charged particle beam generation device and an irradiation field forming device. The charged particle beam generation device has a front accelerator and a synchrotron. An ion beam is guided to the irradiation field forming device from the synchrotron. The irradiation field forming device has a beam enlarging device, a Bragg peak enlarging device and a ridge filter. A pair of filter elements which constitute the Bragg peak enlarging device have a plurality of stick-shaped portions spaced apart from one another. The filter elements are disposed with their respective stick-shaped portions partly superposed to extend in mutually different directions.

Abstract: A microwave oven using DC power which can endure strong vibrations and eliminate noise according to noise standards. The microwave oven includes at least one second choke coil which is arranged outside a magnetron filter box and connected in series to at least one first choke coil installed in the magnetron filter box. Each choke coil and a feed-through condenser constitute a low pass filter. The size of each of the first choke coil is reduced and the size of each of the second choke coil is increased, so as to endure the strong vibrations and eliminate the noise generated by a driving of a magnetron.

Abstract: In a magnetron apparatus in accordance with the present invention, a first notch 17, a second notch 19 and a third notch 20 are formed in each of anode segments 15 disposed radially inside an anode cylinder 6, whereby the passage of high-frequency current flowing through the resonator comprising the two anode segments 15 adjacent to each other, the anode cylinder 6 and strap rings 9 and 10 is made narrow and long.

Abstract: The present invention includes a magnetic storage ring into which electrons or other charged particles can be injected from a point external to the ring and still subscribe a path, after injection, contained within the magnetic storage ring. The magnetic storage ring consists of purely static (permanent) magnetic fields. The particles pass one or more times through a solid target that causes the high energy charged particles to emit radiation and damps the momentum of the particles, so that they cannot escape the magnetic field, allowing them to be captured therein.

Abstract: A coupled cavity circuit for a microwave electron tube comprises at least two resonant cavities adjacent to each other. An electron beam tunnel passes through the coupled cavity circuit to allow a beam of electrons to pass through and interact with the electromagnetic energy in the cavities. An iris connecting the adjacent cavities allows electromagnetic energy to flow from one cavity to the next. The iris is shaped to cause the iris mode passband to be lower in frequency than the cavity mode passband while still providing broadband frequency response. In addition, the present coupled cavity circuit operates on an electron beam to interact with the third space harmonic of the second passband (the cavity passband) of the electromagnetic signal. Preferably, this interaction occurs on the second passband as this operational design provides output with higher frequencies without decreasing the cavity size. Furthermore, this operational design provides more frequencies with no increase to the iris size.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a gantry for an ion-optical system comprising an ion source and three bending magnets for deflecting an ion beam about an axis of rotation. A plurality of quadrupoles are also provided along the beam path to create a fully achromatic beam transport and an ion beam with different emittances in the horizontal and vertical planes. Further, two scanning magnets are provided between the second and third bending magnets to direct the beam.

Abstract: The accelerator is a cyclic type accelerator having deflection electromagnets and four-pole electromagnets for making a charged particle beam circulate, a multi-pole electromagnet for generating a stability limit of resonance of betatron oscillation for the production of the charged particle beam, and a high frequency source for applying a high frequency electromagnetic field to the beam to move the beam to the outside of the stability limit, thus exciting resonance in the betatron oscillation. The high frequency source generates a sum signal of a plurality of AC signals of which the instantaneous frequencies change with respect to time, and of which the average values of the instantaneous frequencies with respect to time are different, and applies the sum signal via electrodes to the beam.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for thrusting plasma, utilizing a Hall thruster with a cylindrical geometry, wherein ions are accelerated in substantially the axial direction. The apparatus is suitable for operation at low power. It employs small size thruster components, including a ceramic channel, with the center pole piece of the conventional annular design thruster eliminated or greatly reduced. Efficient operation is accomplished through magnetic fields with a substantial radial component. The propellant gas is ionized at an optimal location in the thruster. A further improvement is accomplished by segmented electrodes, which produce localized voltage drops within the thruster at optimally prescribed locations. The apparatus differs from a conventional Hall thruster, which has an annular geometry, not well suited to scaling to small size, because the small size for an annular design has a great deal of surface area relative to the volume.

Abstract: A charged-particle beam irradiation system for an affected part in which while a charged-particle beam ejected from an accelerator is scanned by an electromagnet onto the affected part, each layer of the affected part resulting from division of the affected part into a plurality of layers in a direction of progression of said charged-particle beam is irradiated with the charged-particle beam. The system includes a changer for changing an energy of said charged-particle beam in accordance with a layer of the plurality of layers to be irradiated with the charged-particle beam and an intensity controller for controlling an intensity of the charged-particle beam.

Abstract: An improved device utilizing an inductive undulative EH-accelerator is proposed for acceleration and cooling of plasma fluxes, and beams of charged particles, and separate charged particles; and for forming of neutral molecular beams, and neutron beams (inductive undulative EH-accelerator) is proposed. The device consists of an electromagnetic undulation system, whose driving system for electromagnets, is made in the form of a radio frequency (RF) oscillator operating in the frequency range from about 100 KHz to 10 GHz; which is connected with coils of the undulatve system of electromagnets, and a source of accelerated particles, which is provided in the form of source of plasma or neutral molecular beams, or positive or negative ions, or charged particle beams, or separate charged particles.

Abstract: A cusp filter for altering a multi-species plasma to separate ions of different masses (M1 and M2) includes first and second axi-symmetric magnetic fields which are coaxial, have the same magnitude (B), and are oriented back-to-back to establish a null cusp. The null cusp is thus oriented perpendicular to the axis between the magnetic fields. An injector is provided for directing the plasma ions along the axis toward the null cusp to divert the ions (M1) away from the axis and prevent them from crossing the null cusp, while allowing the ions (M2) to cross the null cusp and proceed along the axis through the filter. In one embodiment, a cut-off mass, Mc, is determined such that M1<Mc<M2 with Mc=e2B2r2/2W where “e” is the ion charge, “r” is the radial distance of the ion from the axis, and W is its kinetic energy.

Abstract: For providing a propulsion device particularly for a spacecraft, comprising a plasma chamber in which a plasma can be produced in a propellant, and a focussing arrangement for focussing an electromagnetic radiation field into a focussing region in the plasma chamber in order to produce the plasma, the propulsion device being highly efficient and controllable, it is proposed to arrange in the plasma chamber a plasma ignition arrangement whereby a material which lowers the plasma breakdown threshold in the propellant can be brought into the focussing region.

Abstract: A standing wave particle beam accelerator in which the electric fields in one side coupling cavity are switched by inserting two probes of selected diameter to provide different upstream and downstream electric field coupling to adjacent coupled accelerator cavities.

Abstract: A magnetron has an output comprising a coaxial line 15 which transmits energy from a wanted oscillator mode as a first coaxial waveguide mode and energy from an unwanted oscillator mode as a second cylindrical waveguide mode. Energy in the cylindrical waveguide mode is intercepted by slots 17, 18 in the coaxial line 15 and absorbed by material 19. This enables the modes to be separated. Preferably, the output is taken from the axis of the magnetron and the wanted oscillator mode in the &pgr;-1 mode.

Abstract: A method of irradiation with a charged particle beam and an irradiation apparatus wherein the charged particle beam supplied from an accelerator and extracted from the irradiation apparatus. The irradiation apparatus includes an electromagnet for scanning with the charged particle beam. The method includes the steps of stopping the extraction of the charged particle beam from the irradiation apparatus, changing an irradiation point of the charged particle beam by controlling the electromagnet under a condition when the extraction is stopped, and resuming the extraction of the charged particle beam from the irradiation apparatus after changing the irradiation point.

Abstract: The closed electron drift plasma thruster uses a magnetic circuit to create a magnetic field in a main annular channel for ionization and acceleration, said magnetic circuit comprises: an essentially radial first outer pole piece; a conical second outer pole piece; an essentially radial first inner pole piece; a conical second inner pole piece; a plurality of outer magnetic cores surrounded by outer coils to interconnect the first and second outer pole pieces; an axial magnetic core surrounded by a first inner coil and connected to the first inner pole piece; and a second inner coil placed upstream from the outer coils. The thruster also comprises a plurality of radial arms included in the magnetic circuit, and a structural base which is separate from the magnetic circuit and which serves, amongst other things, to cool the coils.

Abstract: A charged-particle beam irradiation method and system are disclosed in which while a charged-particle beam ejected from an accelerator is scanned by an electromagnet, each layer resulting from the division of an affected part into a plurality of layers in the direction of progression of the charged-particle beam is irradiated with the charged-particle beam. The intensity of a charged-particle beam for irradiation of a first layer is made lower than the intensity of a charged-particle beam for irradiation of a second layer existing at a position deeper than the first layer in the beam progressing direction. A scanning speed in the first layer is changed between a portion of the first layer subjected to irradiation at the time of irradiation of the second layer and a portion of the first layer subjected to no irradiation at the time of irradiation of the second layer.

Abstract: A specially designed magnetic shunt is provided encircling the anode region and/or annular gas distribution area of an ion accelerator with closed electron drift. The magnetic shunt is constructed to concentrate the magnetic field at the ion exit end, such that the location of maximum magnetic field strength is located downstream from the inner and outer magnetic poles of the accelerator. The specially designed shunt also results in desired curvatures of magnetic field lines upstream of the line of maximum magnetic field strength, to achieve a focusing effect for increasing the life and efficiency of accelerator. The anode of the accelerator can diffuse ionizable gas through a porous plate for an even distribution of the gas in the distribution area.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a particle accelerator which comprises two accelerating tubes as well as a charge-exchange channel, whereby the vacuum pump for evacuating from said charge-exchange channel gas particles injected therein is not connected to the high-voltage side but, via a vacuum tube, to the low-voltage side of the particle accelerator. This means a substantial simplification of the maintenance of the vacuum pump. In addition to that a motor and a generator are no longer required. By providing the vacuum pump with equipotential plates, which comprise pump holes arranged eccentrically round the center of the vacuum tube, the gas particles are in this configuration are accelerated while retaining the high breakdown strength.

Abstract: A charged particle beam apparatus and a method having a reduced loss of the charged particle beam such as a shape of affected part, irradiation positions in a horizontal direction. An interval between the irradiation positions in the horizontal direction is desirably designated as smaller than a half of the charged particle beam size enlarged by a scatterer. A control unit controls a power source of electromagnets in order to change an irradiation position during stopping extraction of the charged particle beam. An affected part is irradiated with the charged particle beam per respective irradiation position. An irradiation target can be irradiated uniformly with the charged particle beam by overlapping the charged particle beam, because the irradiation dose of the charged particle beam enlarged by the scatterer has a Gaussian distribution in a radial direction centered at the irradiation position.

Abstract: A ferrite core of the invention is useful for reducing the power loss of Ni--Cu--Zn ferrites, and so for particle accelerators, and power transformers. This core comprises a ferrite magnetic material containing as major components 47 to 50 mol % of iron oxide calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, 10 to 25 mol % of nickel oxide calculated as NiO, 2 to 15 mol % of copper oxide calculated as CuO and 15 to 35 mol % of zinc oxide calculated as ZnO, and further containing as subordinate components 0.05 to 1.5 wt % of cobalt oxide calculated as CoO, 0.05 to 0.8 wt % of tungsten oxide calculated as WO.sub.3 and 0.03 to 0.5 wt % of bismuth oxide calculated as Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, all based on the major components. Consequently, there is achieved a ferrite core having a power loss at 100.degree. C. of up to 210 kW/m.sup.3, and a power loss at 25.degree. C. of up to 140 kW/m.sup.3, as measured at f.multidot.Bm product=25 kTHz (f=1 to 10 MHz).

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which are able to inject large electric current to a circular accelerator. In order to inject large electric current, that is, a large number of charged particles, a means is provided for injecting a beam into other region of a vacuum duct than the region which is defined as having a height equivalent to the height of the injected beam and a width from the injected point in the vacuum duct to the symmetrical point to the injected point with respect to the geometrical center of the vacuum duct.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel laser-plasma-based source of relativistic electrons; and a method to use laser-driven plasma waves as the basis for the source of electrons. The technique involves a combination of laser beams, which are focused in a plasma. One beam creates a wakefield plasma wave. In one embodiment, the one beam creates a wakefield plasma wave and the other beam alters the trajectory of background electrons, such that they become trapped in the plasma wave and are then accelerated to relativistic velocities, preferably in a distance less than a millimeter. In another embodiment, the second beam removes electrons from atomic ions previously generated by the first beam thereby providing electrons which become trapped in the plasma wave and then accelerated to relativistic velocities.

Abstract: An ion beam accelerating device includes an accelerating cavity including an accelerating cavity outer conductor having a space therein, two accelerating cavity inner conductors though which an ion beam passes and which penetrate respective side walls of the accelerating cavity outer conductor and are separated from each other by a gap in the accelerating cavity outer conductor, and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed in the accelerating cavity outer conductor and surrounding one or both of the accelerating cavity inner conductors. The ion beam accelerating device further includes a plurality of high frequency magnetic field generating units equal in number to the magnetic cores for inducing respective high frequency magnetic fields in respective ones of the magnetic cores, thereby generating an accelerating voltage across the gap so as to accelerate the ion beam passing through the accelerating cavity inner conductors.

Abstract: In an electron storage ring apparatus comprising at least two bending magnet units for defining an electron beam orbit of an arc shape, each of the bending magnet units comprises D-shaped upper and lower coil members each of which has an arc-shaped portion. Upper and lower yokes have grooves for entirely receiving the D-shaped upper and the D-shaped lower coil members, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which are able to inject a large amount of charged particles to a circular accelerator. In order to inject a large number of charged particles, the charged particle beams are injected into a region of a vacuum duct other than the region which is defined as having a height equivalent to the height of the injected beam and a width from the injected point in the vacuum duct to the symmetrical point to the injected point with respect to the geometrical center of the vacuum duct.

Abstract: A circular accelerator is arranged to circulate a charged particle beam through a bending function provided by a bending magnet, set a tune of the charged particle beam being circulated as it is betatron-oscillated to a predetermined value through the effect of a quadrupole magnetic field, resonate the charged particle beam being circulated at the tune set to the predetermined value in a manner to increase an amplitude of the betatron oscillations over the stability limit of resonance, thereby extracting the charged particle beam. The circular accelerator includes a bending magnet formed to generate a quadrupole magnetic field component for horizontally focusing the charged particle beam being circulated and vertically defocusing the beam and another bending magnet formed to generate a quadrupole magnetic field component for horizontally defocusing the charged particle beam being circulated and vertically focusing the beam.