Abstract: An electrical hand tool machine (1) having a motor switch (2) configured as a button and a current regulator (4) disposed in the current circuit of an electrical motor (3), having a soft-start input (5), in whose branch current a timing capacitor (6) is arranged. A current-direction-dependent element (7) is arranged between the soft-start input (5) and the capacitor (6).

Abstract: A method for controlling an electric drive motor (10) of a motor vehicle adjusting drive by means of applying a variable voltage to it should be improved so that an EMV interference suppression can be inexpensively executed. To this end, a controllable resistor (12, 18, 20, 22) is used, which supplies the voltage applied to the drive motor (10).

Abstract: A motor that includes a stator that contains a first winding and a second winding driven by alternating currents. The rotor is arranged to rotate relative to the stator and contains a third winding and a fourth winding for generating a magnetic field with an amplitude and a phase angle relative to the alternating currents in the first and second windings of the stator. The motor includes a circuit in communication with the third and fourth windings for controlling the phase angle of the magnetic field and generating a rotating magnetic field that is in phase-lock with the alternating currents in the first and second windings of the stator. The motor also includes a control circuit and a comparator. The control circuit has an angular position feedback device for measuring the phase of the stator and the angular position and velocity of the rotor.

Abstract: Device and method for controlling supply of current and static capacitance to compressors, the device including a control signal providing part for providing control signals for controlling currents and static capacitances to be supplied to main windings and supplementary winding of the compressors, a current controlling part for limiting a current of the utility voltage supply in supplying the current to the main windings during starting in response to the control signals and releasing the limiting of the current in the supplying to the main windings after the starting, and a static capacitance controlling part for supplying respective starting static capacitances to the supplementary windings in a sequence in starting, and respective operative static capacitances to the supplementary windings in starting, and supplying only the respective operative static capacitances to the supplementary windings after the starting, in response to the control signals.

Abstract: An electronic circuit for starting a single phase induction motor, of the type containing a rotor and a stator with at least one running coil (B1) and one starting coil (B2), for operating jointly with an alternating current source (F), comprising: a trigger electronic switch; a trigger circuit (TR) of said trigger electronic switch; and a blocking circuit (BL) for controlling the trigger pulses of the trigger electronic switch, said blocking circuit (BL) sustaining its blocking state while there is voltage being induced to the coils of the motor (M) by rotation of the rotor, maintaining said blocking state for a certain time after said induced voltage has been substantially reduced.

Abstract: A brushless motor-driving circuit is disclosed which includes an initializing element setting an initial rotating speed, an oscillating element for generating a frequency corresponding to the initial rotating speed set by the initializing element, a frequency-controlling element for causing the frequency generated by the oscillating element to change from the frequency corresponding to the initial rotating speed to a frequency corresponding to a constant rotating speed, a driving-signal-generating element for generating driving signals having a plurality of phases based on the generated frequency of the oscillating element, and a driving element for driving coils having a plurality of phases based on the driving signals having the plurality of phases generated by the driving-signal-generating element.

Abstract: There is provided a voltage-controlled electronic relay for starting a single-phase induction motor, which includes: a power supply unit 310, configured of a bridge diode BD, for supplying power to circuit elements of the starting relay when AC power of the induction motor is turned on; a triac 306 for applying the AC power to a starting coil W3 of the induction motor or cutting off the AC power; a signal input unit 322 for sensing a voltage induced to the starting coil; a hysteresis unit 324 for outputting an ON control signal at the initial starting stage, generating an OFF control signal for turning off the switch when the induced voltage sensed by the sensing element reaches a predetermined OFF reference voltage, and generating the ON control signal for turning on the switch again when the induced voltage becomes lower than a predetermined ON reference voltage during a normal operation period; and a triggering unit 330 for turning on the switch according to the ON control signal of the hysteresis unit and

Abstract: An AC induction motor has separate start and run windings radially separated in slots in the stator laminations. The start windings are arranged in the radially outer portions of the slots to aid heat dissipation and to increase the flux linkage so as to reduce inrush current during starting. The motor is started by switching on the start windings initially, and switching on the run windings in phase with the start windings when the motor reaches its running speed, but before switching off the start windings. In this way, the surge current during switching between the start and run windings is reduced.

Abstract: A starter circuit for motors, particularly for refrigerator compressors, comprising a starter device which is adapted to be connected to a starter winding and to a steady-state winding of an asynchronous motor, the windings being in turn connected to a power supply line, a capacitor being connected in parallel to the starter device; the starter circuit further comprises a resistive element which is adapted to be connected between the starter device and the capacitor, in order to limit a discharge current of the capacitor on the starter device.

Abstract: A motor starter system comprises solid state switches for connection between an AC line and motor terminals for controlling application of AC power to the motor. A voltage sensor senses AC line voltage and the motor terminal voltage. Current sensors sense motor current. A control circuit controls operation of the solid state switches. The control circuit limits switch current during a start mode and detects a stall condition responsive to sensed AC line voltage and motor terminal voltage and selectively boosts motor current during the start mode if a stall condition is detected.

Abstract: In an AC motor having a main winding connectable to an AC power source for supplying running torque, and having a start winding connectable to the AC power source for supplying starting torque, a start switch is provided for connecting and disconnecting the start winding from the AC power source in starting and running modes, respectively. A main winding voltage phase detector detects the phase of voltage across the main winding. A start winding current phase detector detects the phase of current through the start winding during the starting mode. A cut-out circuit responds to the main winding voltage phase detector and to the start winding current phase detector.

Abstract: An electrical hand tool machine (1) having a motor switch (2) configured as a button and a current regulator (4) disposed in the current circuit of an electrical motor (3), having a soft-start input (5), in whose branch current a timing capacitor (6) is arranged. A current-direction-dependent element (7) is arranged between the soft-start input (5) and the capacitor (6).

Abstract: A starting circuit for an induction motor is provided whereby a stationary rotor flux is established then a stored charge supplied to a motor winding in order to provide a starting torque. Before applying a mains power supply to the motor after the starting torque has been applied, a back EMF is sensed, directly or indirectly, to provide an indication that the rotor is turning before the mains supply is connected to the motor. This provides a reliable and simple method for ensuring that a mains supply may be safely connected to the motor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single-phase switched reluctance motor (SRM) driving apparatus and method which enables a high-speed and high-efficiency SRM and can minimize the switching frequency of elements for driving the SRM. The SRM driving apparatus includes a smoothing circuit section for smoothing an input power supply, a motor driving section for receiving a voltage smoothed by the smoothing circuit section and supplying the voltage to a motor in accordance with a control signal, a plurality of sensors for sensing a rotating speed and a phase of the motor, and a microcomputer for receiving one selected among signals sensed by the plurality of sensors and outputting the control signal for controlling the motor driving section.

Abstract: A control device for driving a self-starting motor for an engine is provided with a control means 4. If a starting switch 7 is switched ON when a start enabling signal of a start limiting means 5 and a non-start signal of a start detecting means 6 are in an output condition, the control means 4 puts a starting relay 3 which supplies a starting motor 1 with electricity in the ON-state for a predetermined time, only when the start enabling signal and the non-start signal are in the output condition.

Abstract: A starting motor for an internal combustion engine, where a control circuit monitors or controls the temperature of the starting motor or the carbon brushes, and if necessary, limits or switches off the primary current. The temperature is indirectly determined by means of a comparison, using the voltage ripple in the primary circuit between the battery and the starting motor. Occurring errors can be stored as status messages in an error storage device, and if desired, they can be interrogated and corrected at the next service interval.

Abstract: A multi-functional hybrid contactor has a motor protection function against an abnormal state in addition to the starting, running and stopping of the motor, the same effect as the case that an electronic motor protection relay (EMPR) is connected in parallel can be obtained with only one multi-functional hybrid contactor. Also, the size of the product is much reduced compared to the case that the electric motor protection relay (EMPR) is connected in parallel, and its cost can be reduced. In addition, since the semiconductor switch is turned on only in the initial stage of starting and stopping, the rated current capacity and size of the semiconductor switch can be considerably reduced compared to the conventional soft starting method in which the semiconductor switch is used for controlling of all of starting, running and stopping.

Abstract: In order to accelerate an asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor even under load extremely quickly, and in particular within the time of an electromagnetic rotor time constant, in order to be able to cause it to start with a so-called kick start, while the rotor is not moving, quasi-stationary magnetic conditions are initially produced, like at the start of a synchronous motor with a permanent-magnetic rotor. For that purpose there is briefly produced a high-frequency rotor induction current which occurs electrically and spatially in a quasi-stationary condition when thereupon still within the rotor time constant, a strong unmoving stator magnetic field is produced, with a stator current vector which is displaced through about 90° for an optimum starting torque in relation to the rotor current vector, whereupon the stator rotary field starts with increasing amplitude and frequency.

Abstract: The present invention aims to first start the rotation of a rotor according to a first sequence for causing currents to flow in armature windings of three phases U, V and W upon startup of a three-phase brushless motor to thereby reduce an inrush current at the startup thereof, thus making it possible to lighten an electrical load on each electronic part used for control. Also the present invention aims to perform switching to an original second sequence for causing currents to flow in the armature windings of the two phases U and V, V and W or W and U of the three-phase brushless motor after the startup of the three-phase brushless motor to thereby provide a period for an open state of each terminal and make dead band control or the like unnecessary, thus making control of the three-phase brushless motor easier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling power supplied to a motor comprising a power controller having a source of electrical power for providing the necessary power to operate the apparatus, an oscillator for generating gating signals at a relatively higher frequency than the electrical power supplied, circuitry responsive to the gating signals for gating the low frequency electrical power to generate a DC voltage, and an inhibitor for inhibiting the generating of gating signals by the oscillator to regulate the DC voltage generated so as to control the speed of any motor connected to the apparatus. The apparatus may be setup to inhibit the oscillator when certain circuit conditions such as an over current condition is detected. The apparatus may also be setup to keep the oscillator in an OFF state once inhibited until a specified amplitude or period of the input signal has been reached.

Abstract: A sensorless motor starting system of a simplified structure is capable of starting a sensorless spindle motor under optimal target starting conditions with low power consumption in accordance with the motor type and the kind of an optical disc to be driven, by executing manual fine adjustment of start parameters in response to any abnormal rotation caused at the start time. In this system, a rotation frequency signal is outputted from an edge detector on the basis of position signals in a start acceleration mode, and then is compared with a reference frequency signal by a comparator. And if the result of the decision therefrom signifies abnormal rotation, a switch is turned to its another terminal to select a manual setting mode. An operator performs manual fine adjustments of a phase switching time, a phase switching number and a drive voltage in order while monitoring phase switching control signals and position signals to thereby normalize the start state of the sensorless spindle motor.

Abstract: A control device for a permanent magnet motor serving as both a starter for an engine and a generator in a motor vehicle is disclosed.

Abstract: A motor controller controls a motor operated by an AC line voltage. The controller includes an SCR connectable between an AC line and a motor terminal for controlling application of AC line voltage to the motor. Contacts are connected in parallel with the SCRs for selectively bypassing the SCRs. A sensing circuit senses if the contacts are bypassing the SCRs. A control is connected to the sensing circuit and the SCRs for varying relative duration of on time and off time of the SCRs during each cycle of line voltage to control motor voltage at a reference level. The control adds a time delay to a running operation prior to turning the SCRs off to stop the motor if the contacts are bypassing the SCRs.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for accelerating a disc drive spindle motor from rest to a final operational velocity. During a low gear mode, the spindle motor is accelerated from rest to a first velocity through application of fixed duration drive pulses to the spindle motor. A high gear mode is next employed to accelerate the spindle motor from a first velocity to an intermediate velocity. Variable duration drive pulses are applied to the spindle motor each having a duration selected as a percentage of the duration of the most recently detected commutation period of the spindle motor. Once the spindle motor reaches the medium speed, commutation circuitry and back electromotive force (bemf) detection circuitry use detected bemf from the spindle motor to electronically commutate the motor to accelerate to the final operational speed.

Abstract: A motor starter. The motor starter comprises a motor; start, run, shorting and transition contactors operably associated with the motor; and run, start, shorting and transition auxiliary contactors. The transition auxiliary contactor operably controls the operation of a shorting contactor, and the shorting auxiliary operatively controls the operation of the run contactor.

Abstract: In a small electric motor vehicle equipped with an electric motor for driving wheels through a reduction gear mechanism, a first predetermined voltage is immediately applied to the electric motor when a drive-off instruction is generated from vehicle standstill and then the voltage is increased at a predetermined rate until the voltage exceeds a second predetermined voltage, and is then controlled such that the driving speed converges to a desired speed. With this, since the application of the first predetermined voltage slightly rotates the electric motor to take up reduction gear mechanism backlash, shock at drive-off caused by reduction gear mechanism backlash can be reduced or eliminated even when a high-capacity electric motor is used to enhance hill-climbing performance, and smooth drive-off is possible.

Abstract: A device for driving an air-conditioning compressor having an electric motor, in particular for motor vehicles, having an arrangement for reducing the difference in pressure between the intake side and delivery side of the air-conditioning compressor during a starting phase of the electric motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor (8) coupled to a turbo engine such that transient current and steady state current are minimized. The method comprises the steps of, for a given DC bus voltage, determining an acceleration profile as a function of a voltage-offset value, a low-speed rated speed value, a high-speed rated speed value, a first desired speed for warming up the turbo engine, and a second desired speed where the turbo engine has sufficient torque to accelerate to its rated speed without the aid of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (8).

Abstract: An AC induction motor has separate start and run windings radially separated in slots in the stator laminations. The start windings are arranged in the radially outer portions of the slots to aid heat dissipation and to increase the flux linkage so as to reduce inrush current during starting. The motor is started by switching on the start windings initially, and switching on the run windings in phase with the start windings when the motor reaches its running speed, but before switching off the start windings. In this way, the surge current during switching between the start and run windings is reduced.

Abstract: A marine macerator switch including a comparator programmable with over and under current limits corresponding with the characteristics of a macerator drive motor. A sensing circuit senses the real time motor current and compares it with the current limits to, at respective predetermined differentials, shut the motor down. The control also includes a timer programmed to allow the motor to run for a period of time corresponding with that required for emptying of the tank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor (8) coupled to a turbo engine such that transient current and steady state current are minimized. The method comprises the steps of, for a given DC bus voltage, determining an acceleration profile as a function of a voltage-offset value, a low-speed rated speed value, a high-speed rated speed value, a first desired speed for warming up the turbo engine, and a second desired speed where the turbo engine has sufficient torque to accelerate to its rated speed without the aid of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (8).

Abstract: A device for controlling the power supply to the electric motor of a starter for a vehicle having a power switch connected in series with the electric motor, units for controlling the power switch, and an auxiliary switch which shorts the electric motor when the power switch is opened, where the auxiliary switch is a static electronic component.

Abstract: A starting system for an electric motor having a main coil and an auxiliary coil which are supplied current by an electric current source in which a switch is connected between the electric current source and the auxiliary coil that has an open condition, in which the auxiliary coil remains de-energized by the electric current, and a closed condition for energization of the auxiliary coil with the electric current. An actuating system is positioned relative to the electric motor to receive the magnetic field produced by the motor main coil upon its energization by the electric current for operation of the electric motor that operates to close the switch in response to the magnetic field produced by the current passing through the motor main coil with an intensity above a determined minimum value, and opens the switch when the current through the main coil produces a magnetic field having an intensity of the determined minimum value.

Abstract: A method to operate an electronically commutated DC motor driving a centrifugal pump and comprising a stator fitted with at least one winding and a rotor fitted with permanent magnets, said method including a monitored stepping operation within which one full revolution of the rotor is constituted by a sequence of distinct individual steps, the rotor being accelerated by applying a stator field and being decelerated to a stop before the stator field is commutated.

Abstract: A starter circuit for motors, particularly for refrigerator compressors, comprising a starter device which is adapted to be connected to a starter winding and to a steady-state winding of an asynchronous motor, the windings being in turn connected to a power supply line, a capacitor being connected in parallel to the starter device; the starter circuit further comprises a resistive element which is adapted to be connected between the starter device and the capacitor, in order to limit a discharge current of the capacitor on the starter device.

Abstract: An improvement in a starting system for an electric motor, which drives a hermetic compressor of refrigeration and comprises a main winding (1), and an auxiliary winding (2), which are energized by an electric current source (3), through a hermetic terminal (40) affixed to the outside of the compressor shell, the auxiliary winding (2) having a terminal connected to the electric current source (3) through a starting device (10) mounted inside the compressor shell and in series with a fusible element (20) to be opened when submitted to an electric current, in order to definitively interrupt the energization of the auxiliary winding (2) by means of the starting device (10), said hermetic terminal (40) being designed to receive an external starting device (50), in order to promote the selective connection between said other terminal of the auxiliary winding (2) and the electric current source (3) upon the definitive opening of the circuit defined by the fusible element (20) and the starting device (10).

Abstract: This device for monitoring the speed of rotation of an electric motor (10) comprises a unit (16) for controlling the speed of rotation of the motor and a speed limitation unit (14) linked to the control unit (16) and including a processor (24) for comparing between at least one monitoring signal (S′; UPWM) representative of the speed of rotation of the motor imposed on the latter by the control unit (16) and a threshold value (VMAX) corresponding to the maximum value at which the motor (10) is permitted to operate, and a disconnection unit for at least temporarily disconnecting the motor (10) from its supply should the threshold value be exceeded. Prior to each startup of the motor (10), the control unit (16) carries out a phase of testing the correct operation of the speed limitation unit (14) by generating a monitoring signal (S′) corresponding to a speed of rotation value greater than the threshold value.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a three-phase, AC induction motor. Each phase of the AC induction motor is connected to an AC input source by a thyristor switch and a bypass contactor connected in parallel in order to provide voltage and current to the AC induction motor. The method includes the steps of sequentially firing pairs of thyristor switches at a predetermined initial gamma firing angle. A new gamma firing angle is calculated which is dependant upon the initial gamma firing angle. Thereafter, pairs of thyristor switches are fired at the new gamma firing angle. The new gamma firing angle is provided as the initial gamma firing angle and a new gamma firing angle is calculated. The process is repeated until the AC induction motor reaches its full operating speed.

Abstract: A motor starter. The motor starter comprises a motor; start, run, shorting and transition contactors operably associated with the motor; and run, start, shorting and transition auxiliary contactors. The transition auxiliary contactor operably controls the operation of a shorting contactor, and the shorting auxiliary operatively controls the operation of the run contactor.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a three-phase, AC induction motor. Each phase of the AC induction motor is connected to an AC input source by a thyristor switch and a bypass contactor connected in parallel in order to provide voltage and current to the AC induction motor. The method includes the steps of sequentially firing pairs of thyristor switches at a predetermined initial alpha firing angle. A new alpha firing angle is calculated which is dependant upon the initial alpha firing angle. Thereafter, pairs of thyristor switches are fired at the new alpha firing angle. The new alpha firing angle is provided as the initial alpha firing angle and a new alpha firing angle is calculated. The process is repeated until the AC induction motor reaches its full operating speed.

Abstract: A device and method for controlling a supply of a current and a static capacitance to a compressor are disclosed. The device includes a control signal generating part for controlling a current and a static capacitance provided to the compressor, such that the current and static capacitance differ in a starting period of the compressor versus an operative period of the compressor, after the starting period.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling the starting of an AC induction motor with a soft starter. The windings are connected in a delta configuration and each winding has a corresponding thyristor switch connected in series therewith such that each winding and thyristor switch combination is connected between two corresponding terminals of the AC induction motor. Alpha control of the thyristor switches is utilized to start the AC induction motor and bring the AC induction motor to near full operating speed. As the AC induction motor nears full operating speed, gamma control of the thyristor switches is utilized to bring the AC induction motor to full operating speed. With the AC induction motor at full operating speed, bypass contactors, in parallel across corresponding thyristor switches, are closed and the AC induction motor operates in a conventional manner.

Abstract: An improvement in a starting system for an electric motor, which drives a hermetic compressor of refrigeration and comprises a main winding (1), and an auxiliary winding (2), which are energized by an electric current source (3), through a hermetic terminal (40) affixed to the outside of the compressor shell, the auxiliary winding (2) having a terminal connected to the electric current source (3) through a starting device (10) mounted inside the compressor shell and in series with a fusible element (20) to be opened when submitted to an electric current, in order to definitively interrupt the energization of the auxiliary winding (2) by means of the starting device (10), said hermetic terminal (40) being designed to receive an external starting device (50), in order to promote the selective connection between said other terminal of the auxiliary winding (2) and the electric current source (3) upon the definitive opening of the circuit defined by the fusible element (20) and the starting device (10).

Abstract: A starting device for electric motors which is designed to be fitted to compressor motors or the like, and includes a PTC resistor in series with a relay inserted between the line and the motor start winding.

Abstract: In a small electric motor vehicle equipped with an electric motor for driving wheels through a reduction gear mechanism, a first predetermined voltage is immediately applied to the electric motor when a drive-off instruction is generated from vehicle standstill and then the voltage is increased at a predetermined rate until the voltage exceeds a second predetermined voltage, and is then controlled such that the driving speed converges to a desired speed. With this, since the application of the first predetermined voltage slightly rotates the electric motor to take up reduction gear mechanism backlash, shock at drive-off caused by reduction gear mechanism backlash can be reduced or eliminated even when a high-capacity electric motor is used to enhance hill-climbing performance, and smooth drive-off is possible.

Abstract: A control device for driving a self-starting motor for an engine is provided with a control means 4. If a starting switch 7 is switched ON when a start enabling signal of a start limiting means 5 and a non-start signal of a start detecting means 6 are in an output condition, the control means 4 puts a starting relay 3 which supplies a starting motor 1 with electricity in the ON-state for a predetermined time, only when the start enabling signal and the non-start signal are in the output condition.

Abstract: In case of a device for driving an air-conditioning compressor having an electric motor, in a particular for motor vehicles, an arrangement is provided for reducing the difference in pressure between the intake side and delivery side of the air-conditioning compressor during a starting phase of the electric motor.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement with a digital controller for operating an electric motor and a method for starting an electric motor are disclosed. Electric motors require a considerably higher current immediately after they have been switched on and during the running-up phase because of the inductance of the motor windings. In order to increase the control sensitivity of the controller for the normal operation, the control range of a digital controller is switched over into a higher current range for the running-up phase. For the normal operation of the motor, the control range of the controller is switched back again into a lower current range. As a result, the control sensitivity of the controller is completely available for the normal operation of the motor.

Abstract: A motor starter circuit, particularly for a motor of refrigerator compressors, comprising means for generating time-decreasing pulses adapted to drive switching means which are connected to the motor to be started, the means for generating time-decreasing pulses being AC-powered.

Abstract: A driving control circuit of a hood motor, including: a hood motor section rotatably driven for ventilating the inner portion of a system; a rectifier circuit section for supplying direct current power to the hood motor by rectifying alternating current power, a controlling section for generating a control signal for controlling the operation of the hood motor; and a driving circuit section for controlling the operation of the hood motor according to the control signal from the controlling section.