Abstract: A microwave oscillator integrated in a waveguide includes a negative-resistance diode encapsulated in a capped micromodule, a capacitor fixed on the cap, a resonator fixed on the capacitor and a metallic strip fixed on the capacitor and on a grounding stud. The metallic strip constitutes a device for coupling the diode with the auxiliary load and with the resonator. Outside the resonance frequency of the resonator, no oscillation is possible since the diode is in that case loaded by a low resistance and is not capable of oscillating. The dielectric resonator is the only element which resonates, thus endowing the oscillator with high stability.

Abstract: The oscillator according to the invention consists at least of: a body which has a determined geometric structure and is closed by an upper cover with a first tuning screw inserted therethrough and by a lower cover having inserted therethrough an output connector, a feed filter and preferably a second tuning screw; a resonator which is geometrically homogeneous with the said body structure and is arranged on the inner wall of the lower cover through a spacer; a microstrip also on the lower cover, arranged sideways but coupled with the resonator; a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor; substrates preferably of fluorine polymers reinforced with fiber-glass; capacitor elements on radiofrequency block and on output by-pass; and resistances to bias, and feed the transistor and to terminate the microstrip.

Abstract: A two-terminal field effect transistor device which is capable of operation as an oscillator including a field effect transistor connected in a two-terminal manner. The transistor has the usual drain source and gate electrodes and oscillating instability is provided by means of an inductance means of value so as to provide this circuit instability to enable circuit oscillations. The two-terminal arrangement is enabled by means of essentially interconnecting the gate and drain electrodes by way of said inductance means.

Abstract: This microwave oscillator in one embodiment has two tuning rods (16 and 18) configured to extend within a resonant cavity (12). One of these tuning rods (18) attaches to a shaft (19) that is affixed at one end and that is comprised of a material having a thermal coefficient of expansion that is different from the material comprising the housing (11) that forms the cavity (12). As a result, movement of the tuning rods (16 and 18) will vary as temperature varies, with a resulting stability in the frequency of oscillation.

Abstract: An extremely-high frequency semiconductor oscillator which produces a large but substantially noise-free output power with minimized fluctuation of output power for changes in device temperature is realized by using, as its power producing component, a semiconductor transit time diode having a frequency-dependent negative resistance mounted in a cavity resonator of a wave guide means provided with a tuning short at one side of the waveguide means and being designed to perform carrier injection by a combination of tunnel and avalanche phenomena.

Abstract: A plurality of millimeter wave power sources are arranged in a planar mat array located in a wave-beam resonator including two reflecting surfaces which are large in terms of the operating wavelength. One surface comprises a planar reflector located in relatively close proximity to the source array, while the other reflector is located in front of the array at a relatively larger distance and being partially transparent and curved, with the curvature being expressed by a pair of focal lengths which define a curvature in two perpendicular axial planes. Each source is comprised of an IMPATT or GUNN diode coupled to a short dipole or closed current loop structure, all lying in a plane parallel to the planar reflector and transverse to the longitudinal central axis of the resonator.

Abstract: A four-diode bridge is positioned within the cavity of a Gunn diode oscillator. A subharmonic signal is applied to the diode bridge and the diode bridge couples an odd harmonic of the injected signal into the cavity. The cavity is thus caused to resonate at the odd harmonic of the injected signal. The injected signal can be changed using a frequency synthesizer in order to provide a microwave oscillator with multiple-channel operation. The diode bridge provides a feedback signal indicative of the phase of cavity oscillation. The feedback signal is applied to a varactor which pretunes the Gunn diode oscillator and thereby provides phase-locked control.

Abstract: Frequency/temperature compensation of millimeter wave lumped active element oscillators is disclosed by use of a simple capacitive compensating element, and including printed circuit versions in which the temperature compensating capacitor is printed in-situ with the circuit elements.

Abstract: The invention concerns a negative resistance hyperfrequency oscillator, operating in the millimetric band, comprising a waveguide delimited on one side by an iris and a useful load and on the other side by a supplementary load, wherein a Gunn or Impatt diode is polarized and coupled to the waveguide by means of an aerial, the resonator cavity of this oscillator being delimited by the iris and by a dielectric resonator placed in the waveguide between the aerial and the supplementary load, and double coupling being provided between the resonator and the guide and between the diode to the guide to produce a stable and relatively noiseless oscillator. The invention can be applied to hyperfrequency systems, for synchronizing hyperfrequency sources and conjugating their power.

Abstract: A TVRO receiver utilizes an improved voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) of the surface mounted type which has a wide bandwidth of operation extending into the microwave frequency range. The VCO comprises a dielectric substrate with a patterned-metal layer on one side and a surface mounted oscillator on the patterned-metal side of the substrate. The oscillator comprises amplifying means which produce an oscillating output by the use of regenerative feedback means including an open-circuit-stub inductance formed in the patterned metal layer, and a tunable resonant circuit coupled to the amplifying means in order to control the frequency of the oscillating output. The resonant circuit includes a short-circuit-stub capacitance formed within the patterned middle layer, at least one variable capacitance diode in series with the short-circuit stub, and means for applying a controllable tuning potential to the resonant circuit.

Abstract: An oscillation circuit comprises a resonator and frequency switching means for switching oscillating frequencies of the resonator, said frequency switching means including a capacitor and an electrical switching element in series, said electrical switching element having a small capacitance as compared to that of said capacitor and a conductive voltage larger than a peak voltage of the oscillation circuit output applied across the electrical switching element. Preferably, the electrical switching element is a diode.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator having very low phase noise characteristics has a reflection oscillator circuit coupled to a right-circular cylindrical resonant cavity designed to operate in the TE.sub.011 mode. The resonator length L and inner diameter D are restricted to a range of values such that (D/L).sup.2 is less than 2.5 but greater than 1.7. To suppress the TM.sub.111 resonant modes in the resonator, two techniques are employed. A single tuning post is disposed on either resonator end plate at a point where the TM.sub.111 electric field Z-component is a maximum. The post length is adjustably fixed to maximize the output microwave power at the cavity output port. Each end plate also has a continuous gap separating each plate from the housing to suppress electric field currents of the TM.sub.111 mode flowing on the inner surface of the resonator.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for enhancing the level of supplied microwave energy including a resonant ring capacitively coupled to a microwave coupling device effective for connecting to a microwave transmission line, the arrangement being mounted in a shield structure. Amplification is effected by IMPATT diodes capacitively coupled to the resonant ring. The microwave coupling device is variably setable with respect to the transfer structure, thereby promoting the establishment of impedance matching therebetween.

Abstract: A millimeter wave dual beam line scanning antenna integral with a tunable solid state oscillator is disclosed. The antenna provides two fan-shaped beams from opposite faces and when the antenna is rotated, a roughly conical shaped scan obtains. Furthermore, variation of the oscillator frequency causes a variation in radiation angle and provides two line scanning beams from opposite faces.

Abstract: A dielectric-resonator-stabilized, Gallium-Arsenide-FET, negative resistance oscillator operating in the microwave region incorporating an improved form of dielectric resonator whose resonant frequency is tuned by the addition or removal of metal from the surface of a dielectric tuning plate in the resonator, and a method for tuning the oscillator to the desired frequency range with the resonator in place by use of a laser-trimming device are disclosed.

Abstract: A frequency stable RF oscillator 10 comprises a variable frequency RF source in the form of a microwave cavity 24 having a Gunn diode 26 and a varactor 28 mounted therein, and produces an RF output frequency f.sub.o. The output of a frequency stable reference oscillator 14 having a frequency f.sub.r is impressed upon the RF source. Through self-mixing action of the Gunn diode, an IF whose frequency is f.sub.IF =.vertline.nf.sub.r -f.sub.o .vertline. is generated, n being a high harmonic number. The IF is detected by an IF amplifier 18 which forms part of a frequency lock loop controlling the frequency of the RF source.

Abstract: An injection locked RF oscillator comprises a variable frequency RF source 12 having a Gunn diode 20 and a varactor 22, and a frequency stable reference oscillator 14 whose output f.sub.i is injected into the source to cause injection locking of the source. The output of a low frequency perturbation oscillator 30 is applied to the varactor and the resultant variation in the current consumption I.sub.o of the Gunn diode detected by amplifier 28 and filter 36 to provide a control signal which is effective to shift the resonant frequency f.sub.o of the source 12 towards the frequency f.sub.i of the reference oscillator, or a harmonic thereof. A sweep-and-lock circuit 44 is provided to acquire injection locking upon switch-on.

Abstract: Microwave dielectric resonator apparatus which, for example, may be a microwave oscillator frequency stabilized by a dielectric resonator or may be a microwave filter whose critical frequency is determined by a dielectric resonator, has the dielectric resonator environmentally protected in a hermetic chamber. As the hermetic integrity of the chamber would be destroyed by having a tuning slug therein at the end of a screw threaded into a tapped hole through a chamber wall for rotation by a screwdriver outside the chamber, the tuning slug is instead located within a non-hermetic chamber at the end of a screw threaded into a tapped hole through a wall of the non-hermetic chamber serving also as an outer wall of a housing enclosing both chambers. The chambers have an interface which is transparent to microwave fields and proximate the dielectric resonator and tuning slug.

Abstract: A improved microwave dielectric oscillator module which is provided with a removable temperature compensated dielectric resonator channel element is described. The removable temperature compensated dielectric resonator channel element cooperates with an electrically shielded housing. A substrate is mounted within the housing. Microstrip or stripline conductive patterns deposited on the substrate couple energy from the removable dielectric resonator to the remainder of the oscillator circuitry. The oscillator achieves wideband operation utilizing a GaAs FET transistor as the oscillators active element in conjunction with an intergral trombone-line phase adjuster.

Abstract: A microwave cavity oscillator comprises a waveguide blocked at both ends, an active device enclosed in the waveguide and a dielectric powder or other fluid filling the remaining space in the waveguide. The microwave cavity oscillator is useful, for example, as in a discontinuity detector system.

Abstract: The interior of a metal housing is divided by a dielectric substrate into two compartments. At least one of the compartments is kept air-tight. The substrate carries thereon a semiconductor active element chip for oscillation within the air-tight compartment and a dielectric resonator within the other compartment. The chip and the resonator, electromagnetically coupled with the chip, constitute a microwave oscillator whose oscillation frequency can be stabilized. A metal screw is threaded into that wall of the housing which defines the other compartment in a predetermined positional relationship to the resonator. The metal screw is rotatable to vary the distance between the screw and the resonator and, thereby, the oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator stabilized oscillator structure and method for adjusting the oscillating characteristics of the oscillator which includes mounting the dielectric resonator to a cover housing member which can be positionally varied to move the resonator in a plane parallel to a semiconductor device and transmission line circuitry comprising the oscillator. The semiconductor device and transmission line circuitry are disposed within a bottom housing assembly to which the cover housing member is fixedly mounted to after adjustment and optimizing of the oscillator characteristics is conducted. The cover member includes openings therethrough which are oversized with respect to corresponding threaded openings in the bottom housing assembly thereby allowing the adjustment of the dielectric resonator by moving the cover member while screws are threaded through the openings thereof into the bottom assembly and also fixedly mounting of the cover member to the bottom assembly.

Abstract: A filter reflection image guide oscillator and a line scanning device. The device includes a brass metal heat sink base on which a dielectric waveguide is mounted. A resonant cavity is defined in the dielectric waveguide and an oscillator diode, Gunn or IMPATT, for example, is located in the resonant cavity. The resonant cavity is enclosed by a metal cover with a post which is made to extend into the resonant cavity to contact one electrode of the oscillator diode. The top surface of the waveguide includes a perturbation surface consisting of parallel and spaced metal stripes which are laterally positioned along the length of the waveguide. The spacing of the metal stripes defines the function performed by the device. When the stripes are at 1/2.lambda..sub.z spacings (.lambda..sub.z is the guide's longitudinal wavelength), a filter reflection image guide oscillator is provided and the perturbation surface is non-radiative. Only a small portion of the energy radiates out of the front of the waveguide.

Abstract: A microwave solid-state oscillator includes a casing hermetically enclosing a microwave oscillation device and a dielectric resonator electromagnetically coupled with the microwave oscillation device, an output terminal leading out an oscillation output from said casing, and a microwave terminal electromagnetically coupled to the dielectric resonator, one end of which is connected to a microwave line having a terminating admittance at the outside of the casing.

Abstract: A millimeter wavelength oscillator combining a mechanically tunable resonating cavity oscillator element with an electronically tunable solid state diode element provides a basic stable steady wave energy source with fine-tuning capabilities not possible with a resonating cavity oscillator alone, and with an apparatus structure which is light in weight, compact, mechanically sturdy, and with easily accessible and quickly replaceable component parts.

Abstract: A box-shaped metal microwave oscillator is provided having two pairs of substantially parallel, confronting inner surfaces, the second pair perpendicular to the first pair to define an oscillator cavity. The forward end of the cavity is walled off with a slotted wall to permit only a portion of the oscillator energy to be emitted. The spacing of certain of the walls and the location of the oscillator components to the wall is described.

Abstract: An integrated circuit tunable cavity oscillator for extremely high freque operation in image line waveguide. The oscillator includes a metal base with a cylindrical bore, a dielectric or semiconductor waveguide mounted atop the metal base and having a bore which is continuous with the metal base bore. A Gunn or IMPATT diode is assembled in the metal base bore on top of a drum which is urged upwards toward the waveguide bore by a spring located behind the drum. From above, cavity tuning means including a top disk and a threaded screw cover the waveguide bore and push the diode into the metal base bore to define the cavity height of the coaxial cavity of the oscillator. The waveform, which is set up in the recessed cavity in the metal base, is launched into the waveguide. Thus, a ruggedized, low cost, tunable (by a tuning screw) and low weight oscillator for millimeter wave image line or microstrip operation is obtained. Furthermore, the oscillator diode and cavity defining hardware are easily replaceable.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator suitable for millimeter wavelengths comprises a Gunn diode (3) coupled to a waveguide (1) by a resonant-cap structure (5,6). The diode (3) generates microwave energy both at a fundamental frequency f.sub.o which is below the cut-off frequency of the waveguide (1) and at a second harmonic frequency 2f.sub.o above cut-off. To control the generation of microwave energy at 2f.sub.o, energy at f.sub.o is coupled into the waveguide (1) from an adjacent further waveguide (9) above its cut-off, by means of an electric probe (8) extending close to the cap (5). The probe (8) may couple in a locking signal at or close to the free-running value of f.sub.o from another oscillator having better noise performance and electronic tuning, thereby locking 2f.sub.o to twice the frequency of the locking signal, or alternatively may couple to a varactor-tuned cavity resonant at f.sub.o.

Abstract: The fin-line oscillator includes a packaged diode as an active element and an impedance-matching network for matching the diode to a load and determining the frequency.In a first embodiment, the diode package (5) is mounted in a cutoff waveguide (4) connected with the waveguide (1) containing the fin line. The fins (2) of the fin line extend a given distance into the cutoff waveguide.In further embodiments, the diode package is mounted in or on the substrate on which the fins of the fin line are deposited.

Abstract: A stabilized microwave oscillator having a selected operating frequency range, composed of a rectangular waveguide dimensioned to have a cutoff frequency above the selected operating frequency range, at least one active semiconductor element and components connected for supplying a direct operating voltage to the element, mounted in the rectangular waveguide, a transmission resonator, and a coupling device coupling the rectangular waveguide to the resonator, the coupling device including a waveguide section having a length of about .lambda./2, where .lambda. is the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency range, and dimensioned at least in part to operate as an evanescent mode waveguide and/or a waveguide having a cutoff frequency in the vicinity of the upper end of the selected operating frequency range.

Abstract: A microwave cavity oscillator has a semiconductor device, for example a transistor for exciting the cavity to oscillate. The device is mounted upon a substrate which is itself mounted, conveniently soldered, upon a carrier which is releasably secured in a chamber adjacent the cavity. The carrier and substrate are mounted so that the device is coupled to the cavity via a hole extending therebetween and can be removed and installed as a sub-assembly to facilitate tuning and other adjustments in a test bed. In preferred embodiments one end of the carrier is located in spigot-and-socket fashion in a recess surrounding a hole communicating with the cavity. The other end of the carrier is urged by spring means to positively and accurately locate the carrier relative to the cavity. A part of the substrate extends through the hole and into the cavity. The transistor is mounted on the part within the hole and the part within the cavity serves as a capacitive coupling probe.

Abstract: A modulated elongate cavity oscillator with minimized modulation nonlinearities includes a first cavity having dimensions which determine the fundamental resonant frequency of the oscillator, a gain element disposed in said first cavity that provides amplification to sustain oscillation, and a varactor diode disposed in said first cavity for modulating the fundamental frequency. A first waveguide is coupled to the first cavity for absorbing modes higher than the mode of the fundamental frequency which have an electric field maxima concurrent with the longitudinal center line of the first cavity. A second waveguide is coupled to the first cavity for absorbing modes higher than the mode of fundamental frequency which have an electric field minima concurrent with the longitudinal center line of the first cavity, whereby the first and second waveguides provide effective attenuation of higher order modes such that modulation nonlinearities due to the existence of higher order modes are substantially eliminated.

Abstract: A stable electromagnetic oscillator (30) comprises an amplifying element (3) in feedback association with a dual mode resonant cavity (12) that provides a double pole bandpass filter function. Two orthogonal modes (1 and 2) of electromagnetic energy resonate within the cavity (12). An output from the amplifying element (3) excitationally couples into the first mode (1), while the second mode (2) couples into the input of the amplifying element (3). The output (8) of the oscillator (30) is obtained from the first mode (1). Optional injection lock can be used for greater stability by means of coupling a stable a.c. reference (9) into the cavity (12) in alignment with the second mode (2). Optional electronic frequency tuning comprises a phase or frequency comparator (11) and a reference a.c. source (13), producing a d.c. feedback signal fed to varactor diodes (10). Coupling ports (4, 5, 6, 7) of the cavity (12) can be, e.g., irises, capacitive probes, coaxial probes, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A transistorized microwave oscillator comprising a resonator 2 coupled to a transistor 4, 5 and a feedback capacitor 7' around the transistor which produces a fundamental oscillation frequency and harmonics thereof. The feedback capacitor is located within a cut-off waveguide 21 and couples oscillations into the waveguide which blocks the lower undesired frequencies.

Abstract: The oscillator includes a two-terminal device (1) as an active element and an impedance-matching network (4) for matching the two-terminal device to a load (A). The impedance-matching network is formed by a coupler (4) having four terminals (2, 3, 7, 8) two of which (7, 8) are terminated with impedances (5, 6) whose values are chosen depending on the output power or frequency to be adjusted or are varied as desired. Another of the terminals is connected to the active two-terminal device (1), and the fourth terminal (3) is the oscillator output.

Abstract: An improved microwave amplifier is shown to comprise an IMPATT diode in a coaxial circuit coupled to a section of double-ridged waveguide forming a resonant cavity with a low Q, such cavity in turn being coupled to outside circuitry through a compound iris.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator with TM01.delta. dielectric resonator is disclosed. The oscillator operates with a TM01.delta. mode as contrasted with prior art techniques of TE01.delta. mode. This provides for an improved tuning range in excess of 10% of the operating frequency.

Abstract: An inside collet assembly for positioning an IMPATT diode precisely axially long and coaxially of a cylindrical cavity. The assembly serves for convenient removal and repositioning of the diode within the cavity and provides effective electrical and thermal connection to the diode. The assembly is not significantly larger in diameter than the cavity and does not require surfaces producing undesired reflections of microwaves within the cavity.

Abstract: In a method of fabrication of a module formed by a semiconductor diode which oscillates in millimeter waves and by a variable-capacitance diode, the oscillating diode is mounted on a pedestal at the center of a support base. A ring of fused silica for supporting a metallic disk of predetermined diameter serves to form a radial space between two metallic surfaces with a view to readily obtaining oscillation in a predetermined frequency band. A similar ring is welded at one end to the opposite face of the disk and at the other end to another metallic base fitted with a central variable-capacitance diode. Flexible connections bonded to the diodes are clamped between the rings and the disk. The module may be incorporated in a tunable oscillator.

Abstract: A mm wavelength power combiner comprising an open resonator comprising a r of confronting concave reflectors which can be either spherical or parabolic. The resonator dimensions are many times the wavelength of the energy sources to be combined. A plurality of mm wave energy sources are applied to the resonator in such a way that the great majority of the energy bounces back and forth between the reflectors near the axis thereof in the fundamental or Gaussian mode. The design minimizes multimoding and diffraction losses.

Abstract: A transmission line microwave oscillator having two degrees of freedom wherein the real portion, R.sub.in, of the input impedence seen by the active device is adjustable by changing the coupling coefficient between and active device and a resonator and where the external quality, Q.sub.EXT, of the oscillator is adjustable by changing the coupling between the resonator and an output transmission line.

Abstract: A distributed inductive reactance is coupled to a terminating impedance at the interface of a combiner probe with a resonant cavity. The distributed reactance is implemented by a metal insert having a cavity interface and having a coupling portion, which is coaxial with a cylindrical dielectric and with a cylindrical cavity in an end of the terminating impedance.

Abstract: The invention is a microphonics suppression means for a high frequency resonant cavity. The resonant cavity is used in a RF oscillator to generate UHF/VHF frequencies. The resonant cavity comprises an outer wall portion, a center conductor portion, a tuning slug and a plurality of coupling probes. The coupling probes, tuning slug and center conductor are held in a fixed relationship by a microphonics suppression means made of a low dielectric material which fits over and around the center conductor and encapsulates the coupling probes and collars the tuning slug. The microphonics suppression means reduces the effect of microphonics on the output signal of the RF oscillator, thus allowing a clean output signal suitable for high power applications.

Abstract: A frequency stabilized oscillator includes a rectangular resonant cavity having a ground or short circuit wall, an H wall, and a top wall having an inductive window therein. A solid-state oscillating device such as a GUNN diode is attached at one end thereof to the short circuit wall, and a disk type dielectric resonator is supported from the short circuit wall and is located substantially adjacent the solid-state oscillating device so as to electromagnetically couple with the oscillating device. The inductive window is located so as to be in substantially overlying relationship with the dielectric resonator. A strip conductor is attached to the upper end of the oscillating device and extends through the H wall to the exterior of the oscillator to thereby provide a DC supply terminal for the oscillating device. The H wall of the resonant cavity is isolated from the DC supply applied to the strip conductor by means of a thin insulating layer between the strip conductor and the H wall.

Abstract: A proximity detection system is disclosed including an oscillator circuit which has an electromagnetic resonator characterized by a hollow metallic chamber, an oscillator having negative resistance characteristics fixed in the chamber, and a source of direct current connected in series with the oscillator and the chamber. A radiating iris opening is provided in the chamber of a size and disposition such that oscillation of said oscillator circuit means is damped except in the proximate presence of an object before the iris. A detector responsive to a characteristic change in output in the oscillator circuit produced by the oscillation thereof such as an operational amplifier or comparator produces an output indicative of the presence of an object.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator has a cavity resonator enclosed by conducting walls and containing a microwave oscillator element therein. A biasing device applies a bias voltage to the microwave oscillator element to generate a microwave signal. A microwave coupling circuit takes the microwave signal from the resonator in a direction which is perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of the microwave signal in the resonator and applies the taken-out microwave signal to an output means. The microwave coupling circuit is located at a position corresponding to one of the nodes of the electric field appearing in the cavity. The coupling circuit also is preferably at a position on the resonator wall which is a quarter wavelength away from the oscillator element. The undesired signals can be effectively suppressed in the output means, by -44 dB, or more, without making use of a filter.

Abstract: A length of conventional hollow waveguide having an interior rectangular cavity has openings in the broad walls along a common axis. A diode support structure positions a negative resistance diode in the waveguide through one opening. A DC bias conductor structure positions a bias conductor through the other opening and into contact with the diode to provide a DC bias thereto. These two structures are secured together and to the conventional waveguide structure.

Abstract: An IMPATT oscillator is thermally stabilized for pulsed operation by utilizing the dissipative heat during subperiods of pulsed operation and a variable self-heating due to a bias voltage applied during non-oscillating subperiods. The oscillator comprises an IMPATT diode mounted on a platform which is attached to a housing defining a resonating cavity. The platform has a thermally insulating base with a layer of thermally and electrically conducting material applied thereon. The thickness of the layer of thermally and electrically conducting material must be sufficient to permit microwave resonances to occur within the cavity. The thermal resistance of the layer is selected to permit the junction temperature to remain constant even for the highest ambient temperature condition. Constant junction temperature over a wide range of ambient temperature produces constant power and frequency characteristics.

Abstract: An improved microwave circuit is disclosed for enabling impedance tuning for power coupling in IMPATT diode and other similar oscillator and amplifier circuits. An electrically conductive support plate forming a ground plane is machined to form a channel for slidably receiving an air-stripline transmission line and a resonator therein. An IMPATT diode is positioned within the channel through an opening extending through the support plate generally perpendicular to the channel and is positioned in contact with the resonator. An electrically conductive bias filter is coupled to the resonator and to an adjusting mechanism for moving the resonator along the channel and providing a DC bias to the diode for oscillation. An electrically conductive cover member retains a spring biased electrically non-conductive projection for maintaining the resonator in contact with the diode.

Abstract: A source of microwave-frequency electromagnetic energy of a specific desired frequency is generated by a device that utilizes a filter network to absorb energy of unwanted frequencies and couples energy of the desired frequency into a tunable ridge waveguide. The filter network is designed into the DC bias conductor to increase oscillator efficiency.