Abstract: Random number generators are used for entertainment in gambling, lotteries and video gaming devices. True Random Number Generators, as are now currently defined, must be actuated by a physical noise source, typically based on the uncertainty of the phase differences of a stable and an unstable autonomous oscillator. In this invention an autonomous random frequency modulated oscillator driven by a self contained pseudo-random number generator outputs three loosely correlated random binary streams. Included in the invention is a hardware method for proving wandering phase differences and also the existence of a colored random distribution of concatenated nibbles.

Abstract: A carrier generator for generating a carrier at a frequency of interest in a wireless communications system comprises an oscillator exhibiting a first impedance, the oscillator comprising an energy storage tank configured to generate a periodic signal, the energy storage tank including at least one inductor and at least one capacitor, and an amplifier coupled with the energy storage tank, the amplifier being configured to amplify an amplitude of the periodic signal, an antenna exhibiting a second impedance smaller than the first impedance, and a network coupled between the oscillator and the antenna, the network including at least one inductor or at least one capacitor and being configured to provide a third impedance such that a resultant impedance of the second impedance and the third impedance as viewed from the oscillator toward the antenna is large enough to facilitate the oscillator to generate the carrier at the frequency of interest.

Abstract: An adjustable chaotic signal generator using pulse modulation for UWB communications, and a chaotic signal generating method thereof are provided. The chaotic signal generator for UWB communications includes a plurality of pulse generators which generates pulses of different frequencies; at least one combiner which combines the pulses generated at the pulse generators; and a plurality of local oscillators which receives signals from the combiner, respectively, and generates a chaotic signal by increasing the received signals to different frequency bands. Accordingly, a plurality of users can conduct the radio communications in a specific wireless communication range at the same time by generating the chaotic signal that can be split to the multiple channels. Also, the chaotic signal generator is structured using devices integratable on an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A signal modulator that can control transmission power if level adjustment of a continuous signal from an oscillator is executed is provided. A pulse generator of one example of a signal modulator includes an oscillator, a control signal generator, a multiplier, a filter, and a control section. The oscillator and the multiplier are active circuits formed of active elements. A continuous signal is output from the oscillator and is input to the multiplier and the multiplier intermittently operates by a control signal output from the control signal generator, whereby a pulse signal is generated and the power level is easily adjusted by a signal from the control section.

Abstract: A driving circuit of LCD includes a common signal generator and a modulation circuit. The modulation circuit can generate a first frequency, a second frequency, and a third frequency. The common signal generator generates a swing common signal according to the first frequency, and modulates the frequency of the common signal in the frequency range between the second frequency and the third frequency.

Abstract: A communication apparatus including: a modulator which modulates a reference clock signal having a predetermined basic frequency and outputs a modulated clock signal whose value fluctuates at a first frequency with respect to the basic frequency; a PWM signal generator which generates a PWM signal at a second frequency, with the modulated clock signal being as an operation clock; a switching portion which outputs a signal by switching an analog signal on the basis of the PWM signal; a filter which passes a signal included in an output signal of the switching portion, a frequency of the passed signal being lower than a third frequency, and a setting portion which sets the first frequency and the second frequency such that a fourth frequency in which a duty value of the PWM signal fluctuates is higher than the third frequency and such that the first frequency is higher than the second frequency.

Abstract: A modulation circuit is provided that generates an output signal obtained by modulating an input signal with a local signal and includes a local input section that receives the local signal and generates the local signal and an inverted local signal obtained by inverting the local signal, a signal input section that receives the input signal and generates the input signal and an inverted input signal obtained by inverting the input signal, a first multiplying section that outputs from a terminal that receives the input signal a first multiplied signal obtained by multiplying the local signal with the input signal, a second multiplying section that outputs from a terminal that receives the inverted input signal a second multiplied signal obtained by multiplying the inverted local signal with the inverted input signal, an output section that adds the first multiplied signal to the second multiplied signal and generates the output signal, and a transmission line that sends to the output section the first multipl

Abstract: An input signal is input via a first resistor to an inverting input terminal of an operational amplifier. A second resistor is provided on a feedback path between an output terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. A control voltage Vcnt output from the operational amplifier is input to a VCO. A frequency divider frequency-divides an output signal Sout of the VCO. A phase comparator compares an output signal from the frequency divider with a reference clock signal and outputs a voltage according to a phase difference. A loop filter removes a high-frequency component of an output voltage Vcp of the phase comparator and outputs the voltage to a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.

Abstract: Provided are modulation and demodulation methods and apparatuses using a frequency selective baseband. The frequency modulation method includes: generating a plurality of subgroups by dividing 2N (N is a real number) spread codes used for frequency spreading into 2M (M<N, M is a real number) spread codes; selecting P(P is a real number) subgroups among the generated subgroups; acquiring P spread codes by inputting M data bits to each of the p subgroups so as for 1 spread code to be selected among the 2M spread codes of each subgroup; and selecting dominant value among the acquired P spread codes to generate transmitting data including the dominant value. Accordingly, it is possible to increase a processing gain of the entire system, to increase a transmission data rate, and to reduce power consumption of the system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of transmitting digital data exhibiting a rate T by means of a frequency modulator able to modulate as a function of the data, a central carrier frequency f0 at a first frequency value f0+¼T and/or a second frequency value f0?¼T. It comprises the step consisting in modulating the carrier frequency from one of the frequency values to the other during a time interval T, via successive frequency stages.

Abstract: Circuits and methods of dynamic modulation are disclosed. A dynamic modulator is used to reduce measurable conducted and/or radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI). The dynamic modulator is configured to generate either a set of optimal frequency modulation depths or discrete frequencies or both, and dynamically selects them to use over a series of programmable time durations (dwell time). Together with the utilization of Peak, Average or Quasi-Peak (QP) method of measurement, the dynamic modulator can reduce the spectral amplitude of EMI components, in particular the lower harmonics, to effectively pass regulatory requirements. In alternative embodiments, the dynamic modulator is used in a closed loop system to continuously adjust the frequency and the duty cycle of a PWM signal to reduce conducted and/or radiated EMI.

Abstract: Linear wideband phase modulation system. Apparatus is provided for linear phase modulation utilizing a phase-locked loop. The apparatus includes a limiting circuit that restricts a range of a modulation signal that is coupled to a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) associated with the phase-locked loop, and a linearizing circuit that reshapes the modulation signal to improve linearity.

Abstract: In a frequency modulator, a VCO oscillates at a frequency according to a voltage applied to an input terminal. A divider divides an output signal of the VCO. A phase comparator compares the output of the divider with a reference clock signal and outputs a voltage corresponding to a phase difference. A loop filter is provided on a path leading from an output terminal of the phase comparator to the input terminal of the VCO, and the loop filter removes a high-frequency component of an output voltage of the phase comparator. A terminal for inputting a modulation signal is provided in the loop filter, separately from a terminal connected with the path leading from the output terminal of the phase comparator to the input terminal of the VCO.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus are described for digitally synthesizing a signal for FM transmission. A complex variable frequency digital IF signal is generated for use by a digital modulator in transmission of a signal with an integrated circuit. In some examples, the integrated circuit includes various baseband processing blocks, an up-sampler, a summer, a numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) and a complex rotator, all arranged in cooperation with one another. The complex variable frequency digital IF signal can be used by a digital quadrature modulator for generation of the synthesized analog RF transmission signal, and optionally for use with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme.

Abstract: A device and method for generating an adjustable chaotic signal are provided. The chaotic signal generation device includes a plurality of triangle pulse train generators which generate a plurality of triangle waves having different frequency cycles, an adder which adds the triangle waves output from the triangle pulse train generators and outputs a noise signal, and a frequency modulator which converts the noise signal to a certain frequency band to output a chaotic signal. Accordingly, the power consumption and cost are reduced and the manufacture of the chaotic signal generation device is simplified due to the components integrated on an IC. Also, a plurality of users can use wireless communications in a particular wireless communications area.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses, articles, methods, and systems for a synthesizer with an extended multi-modulus prescaler are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: There is provided a modulation circuit including a sampling unit that over-samples an input digital signal based on a multiplying clock signal, and outputs a first over-sampling signal, a first frequency conversion unit that outputs a first high-frequency signal based on the first over-sampling signal and a reference signal, a first filter unit that outputs a second high-frequency signal based on a second over-sampling signal obtained by delaying the first over-sampling signal by one clock and the reference signal, a second filter unit that outputs a third high-frequency signal based on a third over-sampling signal obtained by delaying the second over-sampling signal by one clock and the reference signal, and an adder unit that adds the first high-frequency signal, the second high-frequency signal, and the third high-frequency signal, and outputs an output signal.

Abstract: A transceiver including a transmit modulator and a receiver. The modulator may accept a channel selection input, a first modulation input, a second modulation input, and an amplitude input. During transmit time slots, the modulator may generate a modulated output having a carrier frequency selected by the channel selection input. The carrier frequency may be frequency modulated by the first modulation inputs, phase modulated by the second modulation input, and amplitude modulated by the amplitude input. During receive time slots, the modulator may generate a carrier frequency selected by the channel selection input and offset by the first modulation input. The modulator may alternate between providing modulated transmit signals during transmit time slots and providing a local oscillator for the receiver during receive time slots.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an I/Q modulator using a current-mixing method used for a direct conversion wireless communication transmitter. In accordance with the present invention, an EVM of a wireless communication system, a linearity and a power consumption are improved by converting a D/A converted signal to a current level and then performing a frequency modulation.

Abstract: A VSB communication system or transmitter for processing supplemental data packets with MPEG-II data packets includes a VSB supplemental data processor and a VSB transmission system. The VSB supplemental data processor includes a Reed-Solomon coder for coding the supplemental data to be transmitted, a null sequence inserter for inserting a null sequence to an interleaved supplemental data for generating a predefined sequence, a header inserter for inserting an MPEG header to the supplemental data having the null sequence inserted therein, a multiplexer for multiplexing an MPEG data coded with the supplemental data having the MPEG header added thereto in a preset multiplexing ratio and units. The output of the multiplexer is provided to an 8T-VSB transmission system for modulating a data field from the multiplexer and transmitting the modulated data field to a VSB reception system.

Abstract: A VSB communication system or transmitter for processing supplemental data packets with MPEG-II data packets includes a VSB supplemental data processor and a VSB transmission system. The VSB supplemental data processor includes a Reed-Solomon coder for coding the supplemental data to be transmitted, a null sequence inserter for inserting a null sequence to an interleaved supplemental data for generating a predefined sequence, a header inserter for inserting an MPEG header to the supplemental data having the null sequence inserted therein, a multiplexer for multiplexing an MPEG data coded with the supplemental data having the MPEG header added thereto in a preset multiplexing ratio and units. The output of the multiplexer is provided to an 8T-VSB transmission system for modulating a data field from the multiplexer and transmitting the modulated data field to a VSB reception system.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus are described for digitally synthesizing a signal for FM transmission. A complex variable frequency digital IF signal is generated for use by a digital modulator in transmission of a signal with an integrated circuit. In some examples, the integrated circuit includes various baseband processing blocks, an up-sampler, a summer, a numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) and a complex rotator, all arranged in cooperation with one another. The complex variable frequency digital IF signal can be used by a digital quadrature modulator for generation of the synthesized analog RF transmission signal, and optionally for use with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme.

Abstract: A clock frequency modulator for an oscillator having a digital circuit for the generation of a signal modulating the clock frequency, the digital circuit adapted to obtain, from the signal generated by the oscillator, a first pulse signal having a lower frequency than the clock frequency of the oscillator, a digital counter adapted to count the pulses of the first signal and to produce a digital signal and a digital-to-analog converter adapted to convert the digital signal in the signal for modulating the clock frequency of the oscillator.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method which allows for power amplification of an input signal using power amplification combined by changing the center frequency with an up-converter to shift a baseband signal to a signal at a carrier frequency in the same process. This then provides a digital implementation that is power efficient and has little or no linearity issue-technology suitable for a silicon chip and broadband operation. In one embodiment, each input sample is replaced with a number of sub-samples within the same sample interval, the total weight of the sub-samples being equal to the replaced sample. This sample to sub-samples process alters the frequency response of the sampled signal and reduces the amplitude dynamic range of the load driver, thereby simplifying the filter requirements for digital to analog conversion while reducing linearity requirement of the load driver. This process can be implemented by digital circuits which results in broadband operation.

Abstract: A signal conditioning module provides a polarimeter capability in a photometric system. The module may include multiple variable delay polarization modulators. Each modulator may include an input port, and a first arm formed to include a first reflector and first rooftop mirror arranged in opposed relationship. The first reflector may direct an input radiation signal to the first rooftop mirror. Each modulator also may include an output port and a second arm formed to include a second reflector and second rooftop mirror arranged in opposed relationship. The second reflector can guide a signal from the second rooftop mirror towards the output port to provide an output radiation signal. A beamsplitting grid may be placed between the first reflector and the first rooftop mirror, and also between the second reflector and the second rooftop mirror. A translation apparatus can provide adjustment relative to optical path length vis-à-vis the first arm, the second arm and the grid.

Abstract: A phase locked loop for outputting a high frequency signal by executing synchronization and frequency conversion based on an input signal includes a control-type oscillator, and a phase comparator circuit for comparing a phase of the input signal and a phase of an output signal from the control-type oscillator, and outputting and supplying a phase error signal to the control-type oscillator via a loop filter. The phase locked loop further includes a correction signal generating circuit for adding a high frequency component of the phase error signal outputted from the phase comparator circuit to the phase error signal as a correction signal. In accordance with this phase locked loop, the high frequency component of the phase error signal outputted from the phase comparator circuit is added to an output signal of a loop filter as the correction signal so that a flat frequency characteristic can be acquired over a broad band.

Abstract: A frequency modulation method is provided in which the frequency of a carrier signal is modulated on the basis of the frequency of a modulation signal, and in which the modulation signal is integrated. The carrier signal is integrated, and a differential signal is formed from the integrated modulation signal and the integrated carrier signal. The differential signal is phase-modulated in order to obtain the frequency-modulated carrier signal as the output signal.

Abstract: A method (for example, machine-implemented, e.g., via a receiver), for determining whether a transmitted pulsed-signal is a linear or non-linear frequency modulated (FM) signal, includes: iteratively determining upper and lower bound slopes associated with frequency components of a pulse of a signal during a time period of the pulse; and comparing each determined upper bound slope to a previous or initial upper bound reference slope and comparing each determined lower bound slope to a previous or initial lower bound reference slope in order to determine the linearity, or non-linearity, of the signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus used to create an idealized voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) which allows very high modulation rates without the expected phase noise (jitter) which nominally comes from wide bandwidth VCOs. In this fashion, high quality VCOs that typically offer pure signals at the cost of small tuning bandwidths can be enhanced to create idealized VCOs that offer both high quality (low jitter) and high tuning bandwidths. A high-frequency phase modulator and control voltage processing is used in conjunction with a natural VCO to create a method and apparatus in accordance with the invention. The control voltage processing includes separation of frequency components of the controlling voltage and electrical integration of high-frequency control voltage components directed to the phase modulator to create the overall voltage-to-frequency transfer function for the ideal VCO.

Abstract: Techniques for reducing interference among transceivers are disclosed. A transistor generates a radio frequency transmit signal in response to a generated pulse. The pulse is generated when transitions are detected in a clock signal. The clock signal is produced by an oscillator block which includes a ceramic resonator configured as a clock source. When interference is detected, the pulse applied to the transistor is varied. The frequency of the transmit signal is optionally modulated by varying the temperature of a resonator element. To vary this temperature, the current flowing through one or more resistive elements positioned in proximity of the resonator element is varied according to a control signal. As the level of this current flow varies, the amount of heat emitted by the resistive elements varies, thereby changing the temperature of the resonator element which has a relatively high temperature sensitivity.

Abstract: A frequency generation apparatus and a method are provided. The frequency generation apparatus for generating a plurality of center frequencies for use in multi-band hopping communication, includes: an oscillator generating an oscillation frequency; a reference frequency generator multiplying the oscillation frequency by a first multiplication rate to generate a reference frequency; a compensation frequency generator multiplying the oscillation frequency by a second multiplication rate to generate a compensation frequency for compensating for the influence of a frequency offset of the oscillation frequency; and a center frequency generator generating the plurality of center frequencies using the reference frequency and the compensation frequency. Therefore, by compensating for the influence of a frequency offset of an oscillation frequency on the generation of center frequencies, it is possible to generate stable center frequencies.

Abstract: A frequency generator is provided. The generator comprises two voltage controlled oscillators generating a first signal of a given multiple of a predetermined raster frequency, and a second signal of another given multiple of a predetermined raster frequency, dividers dividing the output signal of the oscillator until the frequency of both divided output signals is equal to the raster frequency, a filter arrangement connected to the output of the dividers, and a single sideband mixer. The mixer produces as output a signal having a frequency which is equal to the frequency of the output signal of either one of the oscillators or to the frequency of the output signal of either one of the oscillators from which the output signal of the filter arrangement has been subtracted or to which the output signal of the filter arrangement has been added.

Abstract: A device for predistorting a digital symbol for modulating an RF signal includes a multi-bit buffer connected to an input serial bit stream and providing a parallel bit stream from the input serial bit stream; and a processing module connected to the input parallel bit stream. The processing module converts data bits of the input parallel bit stream into an input digital symbol and inputs a set of gain adjustments and phase adjustments that compensate for a channel distortion. The processing module decides which of the set of gain and phase adjustments to apply depending on a magnitude of the input digital symbol, applies a gain adjustment and a phase adjustment, from the set of gain and phase adjustments, to the input digital symbol to produce a predistorted symbol, and outputs quadrature components of the predistorted symbol to a quadrature modulator.

Abstract: The frequency modulation circuit includes: a phase shift section for receiving a multiphase clock signal composed of a plurality of clock signals having a predetermined phase difference therebetween and shifting the phase of the multiphase clock signal; a clock selection section for selecting a clock signal constituting the multiphase clock signal output from the phase shift section; and a modulation control section for controlling the phase shift section and the clock selection section so that a clock signal having a frequency different from the frequency of the multiphase clock signal input into the phase shift section is output from the clock selection section.

Abstract: A motor variator and a driving method thereof are provided for controlling the operating speed of a fan, which employ an alternate current chopper to change the working cycle and the rotary speed of a stepless motor. The motor variator includes a high-frequency alternate current chopper connected to an induction coil of an induction motor, an alternate current power supply connected to the high-frequency alternate current chopper and a controller connected to the high-frequency alternate current chopper for outputting a switch signal to the high-frequency alternate current chopper, such that the high-frequency alternate current chopper is controlled by the switch signal to perform a chopper action for the alternate current power supply and output a drive voltage, so as to change the rotary speed of the induction motor.

Abstract: A light-controlled oscillator includes a circuit device, a detection circuit and a control circuit. The circuit device changes its characteristics when light is applied, so that a frequency of the oscillation shifts. The detection circuit detects a change of the characteristics caused according to the applied light. The control circuit controls an operation of the oscillator to increase a shift of the frequency of the oscillation according to the change of the characteristics. The oscillation frequency can be shifted by a desired amount only by detecting a change of characteristics based on a condition of the light, even when the intensity of the light is small.

Abstract: A phase-selective type frequency modulator capable of easing the restriction on a phase range of a modulated clock signal. The phase-selective type frequency modulator includes a multiphase clock signal generating circuit 101 for generating N-phase clock signals; a control circuit 104 for sequentially activating one of first group of clock selection signals indicating a clock signal to be selected from the N-phase clock signals; an edge appearance time adjustment circuit 103 for adjusting a rising edge appearance time and/or a trailing edge appearance time of the first group of clock selection signals outputted from the control circuit 104 to output second group of clock selection signals; and a modulated clock signal generating circuit 102 for selecting one clock signal from the N-phase clock signals in accordance with an activated state of the second group of clock selection signals outputted from the edge appearance time adjustment circuit 103 to output a modulated clock signal MCK.

Abstract: The invention relates to signal conversion devices to be used for the receiving radio devices. The attained technical result is the detection and conversion of signals in an electrical two-terminal device, a data loss level being minimal.

Abstract: The amplifier of the present invention causes variations in the rail voltage that are controlled by the frequency of the audio signal being amplified as the audio signal changes. This is done to tune the operation of the amplifier taking into consideration the frequency response of the human ear. By doing so, the resulting amplifier is more efficient at lower frequencies where more signal distortion is required before it can be heard by the human ear, and a higher quality signal output is provided at higher frequencies where the human ear can more readily detect distortion. Thus by designing the amplifier from the listener's point of view results in an amplifier with much improved performance from both technical and listener points of view.

Abstract: Method and system are disclosed for modulating a radio frequency carrier signal. The radio frequency carrier signal is modulated using a VCO running at a center frequency of 0 Hz. A baseband signal is used to adjust the overall frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is a complex baseband signal having in-phase and quadrature components. The in-phase and quadrature components of the baseband signal arc used to modulate the in-phase and quadrature components of the radio frequency carrier signal, respectively.

Abstract: In generating a frequency-modulated clock, a first frequency modulation (FM) signal having frequency fm1 is frequency-modulated by a second FM signal having a second frequency fm2, generating a clock modulation signal fm0. The clock generation signal fm0 is used to frequency-modulate the system clock CLK by the clock modulation signal fm0. Thus, the spectrum of the clock is doubly dispersed by the first and the second FM frequencies. As a result, peak levels at the fundamental and higher harmonic frequencies are reduced as compared with conventional clock generation device.

Abstract: In a circuit arrangement for demodulating signals, particularly frequency-modulated signals, in which a limiter, to whose input the signals to be modulated can be applied, is followed by a demodulator from whose output the demodulated signals can be derived, the outputs of the demodulator and the limiter are connected to a respective input of a mixer whose output is connected to the input of the limiter via a low-pass filter.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator 1, a variable frequency divider 2, a phase comparator 3, and a loop filter 4 form a Phase Locked Loop (PLL). A sigma-delta modulator 5 sigma-delta modulates data obtained by adding a fractional part M2 of the frequency division factor data with modulation data X by using an output signal of the variable frequency divider 2 as a clock. An output signal of the sigma-delta modulator 5 is added to an integral part M1 of the frequency division factor data, and the resultant data becomes effective frequency division factor data 13 of the variable frequency divider 2. An output signal of the sigma-delta modulator 5 also becomes control data 14 after passing through a D/A converter 6, a low-pass filter 7, and an amplitude adjustment circuit 8. The control data 14 is inputted into a frequency modulation terminal of the voltage controlled oscillator 1.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a frequency prescaler for producing an infrared transmission carrier; a duty-cycle selector for adjustably setting the carrier's duty cycles; as well as a pulse generator and hardware modulator to generate a signal of desired waveform for infrared transmission. The integrated circuit also includes a multiplexer for receiving the signal of desired waveform from the hardware modulator and a data output signal in producing a selected output signal responsive to a control signal. The integrated circuit further includes an output buffer coupled to the multiplexer for transferring data to an output terminal.

Abstract: An RF modulator includes a C/L delay compensation function of compensating for a delay of a luminance signal with respect to a chrominance signal occurring during demodulating a video signal in a TV set. The RF modulator includes a C/L delay compensation unit delaying a luminance signal by 170nsec and combining the delayed luminance signal with a chrominance signal to output a composite image signal having a C/l delay of −170nsec and a frequency modulation unit modulating the video signal received from the C/L delay compensation unit into a high frequency signal of a predetermined broadcasting channel in a single module or package. The RF modulator outputs a video signal having the luminance signal delayed by 170nsec with respect to the chrominance signal and complies with a C/L delay standard without adding any additional C/L delay compensation unit to the RF modulator.

Abstract: A phase modulator for direct wideband linear phase modulation of a microwave continuous wave carrier signal which is suitable for many analog and digital phase or frequency modulation techniques. Linear phase modulation range in excess of 360 degrees is provided as a result of linear variation in the modulating signal. A conditioned baseband modulating signal is injected into a highly linear fractional range phase shifter, operating at a subharmonic of the desired output frequency. A nonlinear circuit is used to perform frequency and instantaneous phase multiplication, thus expanding the linear phase modulation range to greater than 360 degrees at the desired output frequency. With special conditioning of the baseband modulating signal, the phase modulator can be made frequency agile in ultra-small frequency steps, without requiring a stable, frequency agile reference signal or frequency synthesizer.

Abstract: A modulator including a noise shaper receiving the input signal and providing a signal coded over one bit, a phase loop including an adder and a shift register. The adder receives the signal coded over one bit, the output of the shift register, and a constant. The input of the shift register receives the adder output. A sinusoidal shaper is coupled to the output of the shift register to provide a signal modulated in frequency by the input signal. The present invention also relates to a modulation chain including a modulator.

Abstract: A digital frequency modulator is disclosed. In the digital frequency modulator, a first gain controller multiplies an input digital signal by a first gain determined according to a required modulation frequency, a phase accumulator accumulates the input digital signal and generates a phase accumulation according to a required phase resolution to output the phase accumulation within a predetermined output range. A second gain controller multiplies the output of the phase accumulator by a second gain determined according to the required modulation frequency and the first gain. A phase modulator outputs cosine and sine values having a phase corresponding to the second-gain controlled signal.

Abstract: In a device (1) with a circuit (2) for generating a modulated signal (S) is provided a modulation device (9; 59) which is intended to receive a data signal (DS) and generate the modulated signal (S) as a function of the data signal (DS) where for the purpose of generating the modulated signal (S) as a function of the received data signal (DS) a choice can be made between at least two characteristic signal values (F1, F2; A1, A2) of the modulated signal (S) and further an adjustment device (13) is provided which is designed to adjust programmably and as a function of the data signal (DS) at least one of the characteristic signal values (F1, F2; A1, A2).

Abstract: A technique includes generating a first signal that has a fundamental frequency and modulating an input signal with the first signal. The modulation is tuned to a harmonic of the fundamental frequency to produce a modulated signal that has a carrier frequency near the harmonic.