Abstract: A microwave circulator uses a thin-film exchange-coupled structure to provide an in-plane magnetic field around the circulator. The exchange-coupled structure is a ferromagnetic layer having an in-plane magnetization oriented generally around the circulator and an antiferromagnetic layer exchange-coupled with the ferromagnetic layer that provides an exchange-bias field to the ferromagnetic layer. A plurality of electrically conductive ports are connected to the exchange-coupled structure. Each of the portions or legs of the circulator between the ports may have an electrical coil wrapped around it with each coil connected to an electrical current source. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency of the exchange-coupled structure in the absence of an external magnetic field is determined by the properties of the material of ferromagnetic layer and the magnitude of the exchange-bias field due to the exchange-coupling of the ferromagnetic layer to the antiferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a surface mountable circulator/isolator device that includes a first dielectric layer having an electric circuit formed thereon. A second center dielectric layer is disposed adjacent the first dielectric layer, the center dielectric layer including an opening formed therein, the opening being aligned relative to the electric circuit. A ferrite element is disposed in the opening such that the ferrite abuts the electric circuit and is aligned in two-dimensions relative to the electric circuit. A third dielectric layer is disposed adjacent the second center layer. The third dielectric layer includes a ground plane formed on each major surface thereof. The first dielectric layer, the second center dielectric layer, the ferrite element, and the third dielectric layer are bonded together to form a laminated multi-layer structure. A permanent magnet is bonded to the second ground plane.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit element (for example, a 2-port isolator) includes a tabular yoke, permanent magnets, a ferrite to which a direct current magnetic field is applied from the permanent magnets, a first center electrode and a second center electrode disposed on the ferrite, and a circuit board. The tabular yoke is disposed on the upper surface of a ferrite magnet assembly with a dielectric layer therebetween. For example, the dielectric layer could be an adhesive agent layer made of an epoxy-based resin. The above arrangement provides a non-reciprocal circuit element having a simplified structure, a stable electrical characteristic, and a high reliability is provided.

Abstract: A waveguide circulator which does not cause an arcing phenomenon and deterioration of microwave characteristic, even when a ferrite member generates heat to raise a temperature thereof. The waveguide circulator is composed of a waveguide formed substantially in Y-shape with rectangular waveguides which are provided so as to position horizontally on a predetermined plane, and further they are extended in different three directions from junction positions of the waveguide wherein two ferrite members are placed in the junction positions thereof so as to oppose to each other on the upper and lower sides in the height direction perpendicular to the predetermined plane wherein an extended section extending in the height direction in the vicinities of the junction positions of the waveguides is formed, and a distance between the ferrite members is expanded to compensate decreased impedance.

Abstract: A circulator/isolator housing is provided that includes body and a plurality of slots within the body configured to receive therethrough inserts having magnetic permeability. The housing further includes a plurality of receiving portions within the body corresponding to the plurality of slots and configured to maintain a position of the inserts.

Abstract: Heretofore, a plurality of packages were used in a high frequency module in which a plurality of waveguide terminals were positioned resulting in problems, such as degradation of characteristics in the connection lines between packages, lower ease of assembly when mounting and connecting the connection lines, increased cost, and so forth. To solve these problems, a plurality of cavities having a part or the entire side metallized is formed in a multi-layer dielectric substrate. The multi-layer dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of waveguide terminals, microstrip line-waveguide converters, RF lines, bias and control signal wiring, and bias and control signal pads. A high frequency circuit is mounted within the cavity and sealed with a seal and cover. This is intended to reduce the number of package, improve performance, improve fabrication, and lower the cost.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device includes a ferrite arranged to receive a direct-current magnetic field from a permanent magnet, a first central electrode and a second central electrode arranged on main surfaces of the ferrite. Electrodes are provided in recesses provided on both top and bottom surfaces of the ferrite. These electrodes are soldered to terminal electrodes provided on a circuit board and include a countermeasure to prevent the electrodes from detaching from the recesses when a pulling force is applied to a joining portion therebetween.

Abstract: A waveguide circulator comprising at least three waveguide arms intersecting at a junction, at least one ferrite element positioned within the junction, an impedance transformer and a recessed transformer. At least a portion of each of the at least three waveguide arms and the junction define a first wall and a second wall that are positioned in an opposing relationship. The impedance transformer is positioned in proximity to the at least one ferrite element and projects from the first wall. The recessed transformer is positioned in proximity to the impedance transformer and is recessed within the first wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-reciprocal component comprising a first dielectric part (11) and a ferrite substrate (12) located on the same level, a ground layer (18) is located below the ferrite substrate (12), a metal line arrangement (14) is located on the level having the first dielectric part (11) and the ferrite substrate (12), wherein the metal line arrangement (14) comprises a first and a second metal line (15, 16) arranged in parallel to each on the ferrite substrate (12), the first metal line (15) provides a first port (P1) and the second metal line (16) provides a second port (P2), wherein the first and second metal lines (15, 16) are connected in a portion between the first dielectric part (11) and the ferrite substrate (12) forming a single third metal line (17), which ends with third port (P3), wherein the ferrite substrate (11) is magnetized in parallel to the metal lines (15, 16) and at least one matching network (19, 20) is assigned to at least one of the ports (P1, P2).

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device includes a ferrite arranged to receive a direct-current magnetic field from a permanent magnet, a first central electrode and a second central electrode arranged on the ferrite. The non-reciprocal circuit device further includes matching capacitors and a terminating resistor. When high frequency signals flow in a reverse direction, power consumption at the first central electrode is increased by decreasing an equivalent parallel resistance Rp of the first central electrode, in relation to power consumption at the terminating resistor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-frequency circuit board that can efficiently radiate heat generated in a mounted electronic component without reducing the degree of freedom in design, a high-frequency circuit module including the high-frequency circuit board, and a radar apparatus including the high-frequency circuit module. A dielectric substrate (3) includes a mounting portion (4) that is disposed on one surface (3a) of the dielectric substrate (3) and on which an electronic component (2) is to be mounted, and a waveguide (5) that is formed in the dielectric substrate (3). The mounting portion (4) and the waveguide (5) are connected with each other through a heat conductor (6) having a thermal conductivity higher than that of the dielectric substrate (3).

Abstract: A time-division communication system wirelessly receives a communication signal during receive time periods and wirelessly transfers a communication signal during transmit time periods. These communication signals have multiple receive and transmit channels. The communication system circulates the received communication signal to various filters that pass particular receive channels and that reflect other receive channels back the circulator(s). Eventually, the reflected receive channels circulate to the appropriate filters and are passed. The filters also pass transmit channels to the circulator(s) where they are circulated and reflected until they combine into the transmit communication signal.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device capable of preventing and minimizing disturbances in magnetic field distribution in a ferrite to thereby improve insertion loss characteristics and isolation characteristics includes a ferrite to which a DC magnetic field is applied by permanent magnets and first and second center electrodes disposed on the ferrite. A conductive material is embedded in a recess provided in an end surface of the ferrite that is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first and second principal surfaces of the ferrite, and the first and second center electrodes are electrically connected to the conductive material to define a circuit. Opening portions of the recess facing the first and second principal surfaces are arranged such that the opening portion at a downstream side of a direction of application of the DC magnetic field by the permanent magnets is larger than the opening portion at an upstream side thereof.

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit device (2-port isolator) includes a ferrite-magnet assembly including a ferrite, a first center electrode, and a second center electrode. The ferrite is sandwiched between a pair of permanent magnets and receives a direct-current magnetic field applied thereto. The first and second center electrodes are arranged on the ferrite. The ferrite includes a center layer and an outer layer ensuring an insulation state of the first and second center electrodes. The saturation magnetization of the outer layer is larger than the saturation magnetization of the center layer.

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit device (2-port isolator) includes a ferrite-magnet assembly including a ferrite, a first center electrode, and a second center electrode. The ferrite is sandwiched between a pair of permanent magnets and receives a direct-current magnetic field applied thereto. The first and second center electrodes are arranged on the ferrite. The ferrite includes a center layer and an outer layer ensuring an insulation state of the first and second center electrodes. The saturation magnetization of the outer layer is smaller than that of the center layer.

Abstract: A system includes more than one subsystem, each subsystem operating within a different subsystem frequency range, the subsystems comprising a circulator having three or more circulator ports and a direction of circulation, the circulator operating within a specific frequency range of the subsystem frequency range, and a filter, such as a bandpass filter, connected to at least one of the circulator ports. The filters each define a subsystem port and operate within the specific frequency range. Each subsystem port has a port index determined by the direction of circulation of the circulator within the subsystem. Each subsystem port has a specific port index that is connected to a common port having the specific port index. At least one of the circulator ports may be terminated to a matched load. Each subsystem circulator may comprise at least three circulator ports, with a filter connected to each of the circulator ports.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device comprising a ground plate having pluralities of external projections, a resin member having a hole through which the ground plate is exposed, a garnet plate disposed in the hole of the resin member, a microstrip line member disposed on a main surface of the garnet plate, a partition member disposed on the microstrip line member, and a permanent magnet disposed on the partition member between a pair of metal cases in this order from bottom, at least part of the external projections of the ground plate extending through the hole of the resin member over an upper surface of the partition member, and being bent to enclose the garnet plate, the microstrip line member and the partition member.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a circulator device that includes a housing defining an interior three-dimensional volume. The housing includes a plurality of port openings disposed therein. A gyromagnetic resonator stack is disposed in the housing. The gyromagnetic resonator stack includes a circuit disposed between a first ferrite disk and a second ferrite disk. The first ferrite disk and the second ferrite disks form a pair of ferrite disks having a ferrite disk centroid and a ferrite disk perimeter. The circuit including an asymmetric center resonator having a eccentric region characterized by a predetermined resonator geometry. The circuit further including an impedance matching transmission line structure coupled to an edge of the eccentric region proximate the ferrite disk perimeter and at least one 50 Ohm transmission line structure coupled to a non-eccentric portion of the asymmetric center resonator.

Abstract: A microwave circulator uses a thin-film exchange-coupled structure to provide an in-plane magnetic field around the circulator. The exchange-coupled structure is a ferromagnetic layer having an in-plane magnetization oriented generally around the circulator and an antiferromagnetic layer exchange-coupled with the ferromagnetic layer that provides an exchange-bias field to the ferromagnetic layer. A plurality of electrically conductive ports are connected to the exchange-coupled structure. Each of the portions or legs of the circulator between the ports may have an electrical coil wrapped around it with each coil connected to an electrical current source. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency of the exchange-coupled structure in the absence of an external magnetic field is determined by the properties of the material of ferromagnetic layer and the magnitude of the exchange-bias field due to the exchange-coupling of the ferromagnetic layer to the antiferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for dissipating standing waves in a microwave energy delivery system including a microwave energy source configured to intermittently delivery microwave energy as a periodic microwave signal an energy delivery network configured to transmit the periodic microwave signal and a circuit connected between the microwave energy source and the energy delivery network. The circuit is configured to pass the periodic microwave signal from the microwave energy source to the energy delivery network when the periodic microwave signal is present and to dissipate standing waves when the periodic microwave signal is absent.

Abstract: The present invention improves the geometry of ferrite circulators in order to increase the average power handling by decreasing the temperature rise in the ferrite and associated adhesive bonds. Embodiments of the present invention utilize dielectric attachments on the sides of the ferrite element, which maximizes the area of contact and minimizes the path length from the ferrite element out to the thermally conductive attachments.

Abstract: A waveguide circulator comprising at least three waveguide arms intersecting at a junction, at least one ferrite element positioned within the junction, an impedance transformer and a recessed transformer. At least a portion of each of the at least three waveguide arms and the junction define a first wall and a second wall that are positioned in an opposing relationship. The impedance transformer is positioned in proximity to the at least one ferrite element and projects from the first wall. The recessed transformer is positioned in proximity to the impedance transformer and is recessed within the first wall.

Abstract: A central conductor assembly for a non-reciprocal circuit device, at least a first central conductor constituting a first inductance element and a second central conductor constituting a second inductance element being integrally formed in a laminate comprising pluralities of magnetic layers, the first central conductor being formed by series-connecting first and second lines formed on a first main surface of the laminate to third lines formed in the laminate through via-holes, and the second central conductor being formed on the first main surface of the laminate such that it extends between the first and second lines and crosses the third lines via a magnetic layer.

Abstract: A circulator suitable for use in an external field, particularly of a magnetic resonance apparatus, has a planar ferrite structure. Instead of a permanent magnet, a field conducting device is provided that is designed to strengthen or weaken an external field, and/or at least one electromagnet is provided for generating an operating field. The operating field proceeds perpendicularly through the ferrite structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a circulator/isolator device that includes a housing having a substantially planar base portion integrally connected to a segmented flexible wall structure extending in a direction normal thereto. The substantially planar base portion and the segmented flexible wall structure forms an interior housing volume having a predetermined geometry. The segmented flexible wall structure includes a plurality of port apertures disposed therein. The plurality of port apertures are separated from each other and disposed at predetermined locations in the segmented flexible wall structure. A central stack is disposed within the interior housing volume at a predetermined position on the base portion. The central stack includes a substantially flat conductor having a plurality of port structures extending therefrom. Each of the plurality of port structures are disposed at predetermined positions at a perimeter portion of the substantially flat conductor.

Abstract: A surface mount circulator. The novel circulator includes a substrate, a predetermined number of microstrip lines disposed on a first surface of the substrate, a ground layer and a predetermined number of electrical contacts disposed on the second surface of the substrate, and a mechanism for coupling each microstrip line to one of the electrical contacts. In an illustrative embodiment, the circulator uses edge wrap metallization to wrap a microstrip line down a side of the substrate to connect with a corresponding contact. A ball grid array can then be used to connect the signal contacts and ground at the second surface of the substrate with a circuit board. The circulator also includes a magnet on first surface of the substrate over a resonator circuit connecting the microstrip lines and a pole piece on the second surface of the substrate beneath the ground to provide magnetic bias to the substrate.

Abstract: A time division duplexing (TDD) transmission/reception apparatus and method are provided. The TDD transmission/reception apparatus includes: a transmitter which generates a transmitted signal; an antenna which transmits the transmitted signal to an external device and receives a received signal from an external device; a receiver which restores source data by demodulating the received signal; and a polarized duplexer which has a first end connected to the transmitter and the receiver and a second end connected to the antenna and comprises an inclined surface, the inclined surface polarizing the transmitted signal and the received signal such that the directivity of the transmitted signal and the directivity of the received signal are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: A microwave circulator having an outer metal housing with a cavity containing at least one magnet and an annular centring arrangement interposed between the outside of the magnet and the cavity. The centring arrangement includes first and second solid metal rings, the two rings having cooperating inclined faces arranged such that when a force is applied to urge the centring arrangement along the cavity, one ring is displaced outwardly into intimate contact with the inside of the cavity.

Abstract: Embodiments of integrated device and associated methods of design are provided. Such embodiments include a metallic ground plane, dielectric material, ferrite puck and formed metal layer configured to define circulator and microwave device portions, or functions, within an integrated device unit. Impedance characteristics of each functional portion are determined independent of one another and are optimized with respect to each function. Respective matching network portions of each integrated device optimally couple the circulator portion with a microwave device portion and one or more connector ports. Integrated devices of the present teachings can be applied modularly at the systems level of communications, radar, and/or other contexts.

Abstract: A monolithic circulator, intended to be connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving high-frequency signals includes a differential amplifier adapted to provide a signal on an output of the circulator. The amplifier has a first and a second input and an output. First and second 3 dB couplers each have first, second, and third access terminals respectively. The second terminals of the first and second couplers are connected to an input E of the circulator. Each third terminal is connected to the first and second inputs of the amplifier respectively. The first terminals are respectively intended to be connected to the antenna and to a charge element having an impedance close to that of the antenna.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device comprising a first inductance element L1 disposed between a first input/output port P1 and a second input/output port P2, a first capacitance element Ci parallel-connected to the first inductance element L1 to constitute a first resonance circuit, a resistance element R parallel-connected to the first parallel resonance circuit, a second inductance element L2 disposed between a second input/output port P2 of the first resonance circuit and a ground, a second capacitance element Cfa parallel-connected to the second inductance element L2 to constitute a second resonance circuit, a third inductance element Lg disposed between the second resonance circuit and the ground, and a third capacitance element Cfb disposed between a second input/output port P2 of the first resonance circuit and the ground.

Abstract: Three devices such as electric charge-coupled devices are each included in one of three phase impedance circuits composing a 3-phase LC resonance circuit as a device having a capacitive impedance. A driver circuit applies either of a logic level of 0, a high-impedance level or a logic level of 1 to each of nodes Node_A, Node_B and Node_C of the phase impedance circuits so as to result in sequential transitions of a state of resonance among the phase impedance circuits. In an operation to drive the phase impedance circuits, either of the logic level of 0, the high-impedance level and the logic level of 1 is applied to each of the nodes so as to sustain a phase difference of 2?/3 between the phase impedance circuits. In this way, the logical levels and the phases of the logical levels are assigned to the nodes in such a way that the logical levels do not overlap with each other at any timings each corresponding to a point of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-reciprocal component comprising: a ferrite substrate having a first side and an opposing second side located on a ground layer, a first metal line and a second metal line are located on the ferrite substrate in parallel to each other. To provide a non-reciprocal component having small dimensions and which could be integrated. The ferrite substrate is magnetized parallel to the metal lines and each of the metal lines is running at least from one side of the ferrite substrate to the other side and back forming thereby at least one meander loop, wherein the loops are interlaced to each other and the metal lines are isolated in an area of the loop.

Abstract: An attachment device, attachment receiving device and system for identifying a secured container are disclosed. The system may include an attachment device, a first identification device embedded into the attachment device, the first identification device containing identification data relating to the attachment device, an attachment receiving device coupled to a container, a second identification device embedded into the attachment receiving device, the second identification device containing identification data relating to the container, wherein when the attachment device is attached to the attachment receiving device, the attachment device identification data and the container identification data are associated, and the associated identification data is capable of being read by an identification data reader.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device comprising a metal case, a ground plate disposed on an inner bottom surface of the metal case, a resin member disposed on the ground plate and having an opening from which the ground plate is exposed, a planar microwave ferrite member disposed in the opening of the resin member, a strip line member disposed on the planar microwave ferrite member, and a permanent magnet disposed with distance on the strip line member without another planar microwave ferrite member therebetween, the strip line member comprising a connecting portion constituted by strip electrodes radially extending from a center portion, and branch lines radially extending from the center portion between the strip electrodes, low-impedance lines each integrally connected to each of the branch lines and extending along the periphery of the planar microwave ferrite member, and electrodes each integrally connected to each of the low-impedance lines, whereby the branch lines and the ground plate form microstrip lines

Abstract: [Problem] When a nonreciprocal device operating at 100 GHz to 300 GHz is to be realized by using a conventional magnetic material of garnet-type ferrite or spinel-type ferrite, a huge permanent magnet is required and, therefore, it is very difficult to achieve a millimeter-wave band nonreciprocal device for practical use. [Solving means] To solve this problem, there is provided a millimeter-wave band nonreciprocal device composed of a magnetic material represented by a formula ?-MxFe2-xO3 (0<x<2), wherein M is at least one of elements In, Ga, Al, Sc, Cr, Sm, Yb, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ti, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, Zr, and Y and the magnetic material having ?-phase hematite as a principal phase exhibits strong coercive force and anisotropic magnetic field at room temperature. Dimensions of a magnetic circuit containing a permanent magnet for operations of the nonreciprocal device can be made remarkably small and, by optimum design, the use of the magnetic circuit can be made unnecessary.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a circulator/isolator device that includes a housing having a substantially planar base portion integrally connected to a segmented flexible wall structure extending in a direction normal thereto. The substantially planar base portion and the segmented flexible wall structure forms an interior housing volume having a predetermined geometry. The segmented flexible wall structure includes a plurality of port apertures disposed therein. The plurality of port apertures are separated from each other and disposed at predetermined locations in the segmented flexible wall structure. A central stack is disposed within the interior housing volume at a predetermined position on the base portion. The central stack includes a substantially flat conductor having a plurality of port structures extending therefrom. Each of the plurality of port structures are disposed at predetermined positions at a perimeter portion of the substantially flat conductor.

Abstract: A circulator with at least three ports (p1, p2, p3) comprises two identical electromechanical micro-switches of the series type (MEMS1, MEMS2) formed on the same substrate, a first micro-switch being disposed in order to allow the transmission of a radiofrequency or microwave signal from an input port (p1) to a port (p2) designed to be connected to an antenna, a second micro-switch being disposed in order to allow the signal transmission between the port (p2) designed to be connected to an antenna and said output port. Application to a radiofrequency or microwave telecommunications system.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device comprising a magnetic plate F1; center conductors L1, L2, and L3 that are mutually insulated and disposed so as to intersect on magnetic plate F1; a plane conductor P1 that is disposed facing the center conductors with magnetic plate F1 placed therebetween, the plane conductor being connected to first ends of all the center conductors; matching capacitors C1 to C3 that have first ends grounded electrically and second ends connected to second ends of the center conductors; first matching circuits that have first ends connected to the second ends of the center conductors and second ends that are input/output ports; and a second matching circuit that has a first end connected to or integrated with the plane conductor and a second end grounded electrically.

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit device includes a permanent magnet, a ferrite to which the permanent magnet applies a direct-current magnetic field, first and second central electrodes arranged on the ferrite, and a circuit board. The first central electrode includes electrode layers provided on main surfaces of the ferrite connected by an electrode provided on a top surface of the ferrite. A second central electrode includes electrode layers provided on the main surfaces of the ferrite connected by electrodes arranged on top and bottom surfaces of the ferrite. The second electrode is wound at least about three turns around the ferrite. A width dimension of the outermost electrode layers of the second central electrode is greater than a width dimension of the inner electrode layers of the second central electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-reciprocal component (10) comprising: a ferrite substrate (11) having a first side (1-?) and an opposing second side (16) located on a ground layer (18), a first metal line (12) and a second metal line (13) are located on the ferrite substrate (11) in parallel to each other. To provide a non-reciprocal component having small dimensions and which could be integrated. The ferrite substrate (11) is magnetized parallel to the metal lines (12, 13) and each of the metal lines (12, 13) is running at least from one side (15) of the ferrite substrate (11) to the other side (16) and back (15) forming thereby at least one meander loop, wherein the loops are interlaced to each other and the metal lines (12, 13) are isolated in an area (14) of the loop.

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit device includes permanent magnets, a ferrite core to which a DC magnetic field is applied from the permanent magnets, center electrodes disposed on the ferrite core, a circuit substrate, a magnetic yoke, and an electromagnetic shield plate. The ferrite core and the permanent magnets are longitudinally disposed on the circuit substrate, and the yoke has a ring-like shape so as to surround side surfaces of the ferrite core and the permanent magnets. The electromagnetic shield plate includes a dielectric substrate and a shield conductor made of a nonmagnetic metal conductive film on the dielectric substrate. The shield conductor includes opening areas having slits.

Abstract: An improved multi-junction waveguide circulator overlaps two quarter-wave dielectric transformer sections so that the transitional sections occur concurrently in the same length of waveguide. Consequently, the two quarter-wavelength sections require a total length of between one-quarter wavelength and one-half wavelength, with no air gap between the two sections along the length of the internal cavity. The improved waveguide circulator can be implemented in variations from a minimum of two ferrite circulator elements held in close proximity to one another to any number of ferrite elements as required to achieve the desired isolation performance or to create a switch matrix with any combination of input and output ports. The improved waveguide circulator minimizes the length of the transitions between adjacent ferrite elements and thus reduces losses, component size, and mass.

Abstract: An improved multi-junction waveguide circulator overlaps two quarter-wave dielectric transformer sections so that the transitional sections occur concurrently in the same length of waveguide. Consequently, the two quarter-wavelength sections require a total length of between one-quarter wavelength and one-half wavelength, with no air gap between the two sections along the length of the internal cavity. The improved waveguide circulator can be implemented in variations from a minimum of two ferrite circulator elements held in close proximity to one another to any number of ferrite elements as required to achieve the desired isolation performance or to create a switch matrix with any combination of input and output ports. The improved waveguide circulator minimizes the length of the transitions between adjacent ferrite elements and thus reduces losses, component size, and mass.

Abstract: A circulator capable of simultaneous transmit and receive operations, high frequency, and high isolation and broadband performance comprising: an antenna port; a transmission port; a receiving port; wherein each port is connected to a 90 degree combiner/divider for splitting an input signal into two output components, the said output components have a ninety degrees relative phase difference to each other; each of said 90 degree combiner/dividers in addition to the connection to the above mentioned ports has at least two output connections each of which are connected to a Y-junction and if a fourth connection, said fourth connection is attached to a matching load circuit; this arrangement of circuits allows the potion of the phase shifted signals from the transmit port to enter the antenna 90 degree combiner/divider and be enhanced at the antenna port, while the rest of the signal enters the receive 90 degree combiner/divider and are phased cancelled; said arrangement allows the signals from the antenna port

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit device includes permanent magnets, a ferrite to which a direct current magnetic field is applied by the permanent magnets, first and second central electrodes arranged on the ferrite, and a circuit substrate. A ferrite-magnet assembly mounted on the circuit substrate is covered with a resin layer. The resin layer includes an innermost layer made of a non-magnetic resin material and a magnetic resin layer having a magnetic filler mixed therein.

Abstract: A non-reciprocal circuit device comprising a first inductance element connected between a first input/output port and a second input/output port, a second inductance element connected between the second input/output port and the ground, a first capacitance element connected between the first input/output port and the second input/output port for constituting a parallel resonance circuit with the first inductance element, a second capacitance element connected between the second input/output port and the ground for constituting a parallel resonance circuit with the second inductance element, and a resistance element connected between the first input/output port and the second input/output port, the first and/or second capacitance elements being constituted by parallel-connecting capacitors formed by electrode patterns in a multilayer substrate comprising dielectric sheets and the electrode patterns to chip capacitors mounted onto the multilayer substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-reciprocal component comprising a first dielectric part (11) and a ferrite substrate (12) located on the same level, a ground layer (18) is located below the ferrite substrate (12), a metal line arrangement (14) is located on the level having the first dielectric part (11) and the ferrite substrate (12), wherein the metal line arrangement (14) comprises a first and a second metal line (15, 16) arranged in parallel to each on the ferrite substrate (12), the first metal line (15) provides a first port (P1) and the second metal line (16) provides a second port (P2), wherein the first and second metal lines (15, 16) are connected in a portion between the first dielectric part (11) and the ferrite substrate (12) forming a single third metal line (17), which ends with third port (P3), wherein the ferrite substrate (11) is magnetized in parallel to the metal lines (15, 16) and at least one matching network (19, 20) is assigned to at least one of the ports (P1, P2).

Abstract: A circulator has a ferrite, and the circulator is arranged in the vicinity of a device that produces a static magnetic field in the environment surrounding the device, this static magnetic field giving the circulator a non-reciprocal behavior, with respect to circulation of energy among the gates of the circulator, as a result of interaction of the ferrite with the static magnetic field. A magnetic resonance apparatus embodies such a circulator, and the basic field magnet of this magnetic resonance apparatus generates the static magnetic field.

Abstract: A circulator/isolator housing is provided that includes body and a plurality of slots within the body configured to receive therethrough inserts having magnetic permeability. The housing further includes a plurality of receiving portions within the body corresponding to the plurality of slots and configured to maintain a position of the inserts.