Abstract: A directional coupler comprises a coupler circuit board which is mounted substantially perpendicular to the surface of a parent circuit board. First and second upper traces are disposed on the opposing surfaces of the coupler circuit board. The coupling between the upper electrically conductive traces determines the odd mode impedance of the coupler. First and second lower traces are also disposed on opposing surfaces and connected to ground. The upper and lower traces are arranged such that the even mode of the impedance is determined by the coupling between the first upper trace and the second lower trace and the coupling between the second upper trace and the first lower trace.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dual band coupler, in which a dielectric layer having a coupling signal line is positioned between dielectric layers having a first main signal line and a second main signal line. Coupling coefficients of first and second signal lines can be independently controlled by laminating different numbers of dielectric layers between the coupling signal line and main signal lines, respectively. A shielding pattern for excluding mutual electromagnetic interference between the first and second main signal lines is formed on the dielectric layer having the coupling signal line to improve an isolation, and a small sized-dual band coupler can be provided because the dielectric layer having a ground pattern can be omitted.

Abstract: A high-power coupler formed from a substrate, such as a dielectric printed circuit board, is disclosed. The through arm and coupled arm(s) of the coupler have a conductor plated on the top, bottom and edges of the dielectric printed circuit board, completely enclosing the dielectric material in the conductor. A metal package surrounding the coupler forms the outer ground. Thin non-conductive struts of the dielectric material of the printed circuit board interconnect the separate arms of the coupler. The coupler may be integrated with microstrip circuitry, such as switches and resistors.

Abstract: An electromagnetic (EM) coupler including a first transmission structure having a first geometry, and a second transmission structure having a second geometry and forming an EM coupler with the first transmission structure, the first and second geometries being selected to reduce sensitivity of EM coupling to relative positions of the first and second transmission structures is disclosed.

Abstract: A strip line directional coupler includes a controlled amount of potting compound applied to establish a desired coupling factor between at least two cooperating strip lines. In one embodiment the strip line directional coupler is positioned in a housing that is filled with the potting compound until the desired coupling factor is established. A network analyzer monitors the coupling factor as the potting compound is added. Once the desired coupling factor is established, the flow of potting compound into the housing is automatically terminated.

Abstract: The present invention relates a printed circuit board having jumper lines, and a method for making the printed circuit board. An isolation layer made of a dielectric material is coated on the line layer of the printed circuit board, and multiple pads are formed in the isolation layer, thereby exposing part of the line layer without covered by the isolation layer. A high conductive material is coated on the isolation layer to connect the multiple pads, thereby forming a planar jumper layer that is connected to the line layer through the circular pads. Thus, the planar jumper layer may be made simultaneously during fabrication of the printed circuit board, without having to perform the wire-bonding work.

Abstract: A directional coupler comprises, arranged on a substrate, two first ports connected by a first line and two second ports connected by a second line. The lines extend through a coupling zone in which they are separated by a conductor area not connected to the lines.

Abstract: A high-power coupler formed from a substrate, such as a dielectric printed circuit board, is disclosed. The through arm and coupled arm(s) of the coupler have a conductor plated on the top, bottom and edges of the dielectric printed circuit board, completely enclosing the dielectric material in the conductor. A metal package surrounding the coupler forms the outer ground. Thin non-conductive struts of the dielectric material of the printed circuit board interconnect the separate arms of the coupler. The coupler may be integrated with microstrip circuitry, such as switches and resistors.

Abstract: A directional coupling device includes a main line and a sub line, and line coupling (distributed constant coupling) is effected between the main line and the sub line, each of which has a portion that is arranged substantially parallel to each other and alongside each other. The sub line is longer than the main line. The main line is a substantially straight line or a substantially straight line bending at a predetermined position, i.e., a non-spiraling line, and the sub line is arranged to circle in a spiral manner by bending a substantially straight line at predetermined positions. Thus, a small high-capability directional coupler has excellent isolation properties and directivity, and little insertion loss or deterioration in reflection properties.

Abstract: A microstrip side-coupled directional coupler (20) uses inductive loading to achieve improved directivity. In one embodiment, short-circuited inductive stubs (26, 27) are connected to the coupled line (22) of the coupler (20). In a second embodiment, pairs of short circuited inductive stubs (34, 35) are connected respectively to the coupled line (32) and the primary transmission line (35) of a directional coupler (30). In a third embodiment, the primary transmission line (41) and the coupled line (42) of a coupler (40) are both centre loaded with short-circuited inductive stubs (43, 44) respectively.

Abstract: A microwave coupler has a planar form with a transmission line segment oriented at an angle relative to a main transmission line. The planar form of the transmission line, such as in a printed circuit board, helps reduce the size and manufacturing costs for the coupler. When placed a prescribed distance from the main transmission line and oriented at an appropriate angle, the directivity and coupling factor requirements can be met precisely with minimal tuning. Where fine tuning is required, a tuning screw and resistor disposed adjacent to the transmission line segment are provided.

Abstract: A directional coupler comprises a coupler circuit board which is mounted substantially perpendicular to the surface of a parent circuit board. First and second upper traces are disposed on the opposing surfaces of the coupler circuit board. The coupling between the upper electrically conductive traces determines the odd mode impedance of the coupler. First and second lower traces are also disposed on opposing surfaces and connected to ground. The upper and lower traces are arranged such that the even mode of the impedance is determined by the coupling between the first upper trace and the second lower trace and the coupling between the second upper trace and the first lower trace.

Abstract: It is to provide a high-frequency component using a small coupling line, capable of easily adjusting an electrical characteristic. A first transmission line including three line sections constructs a ¼-wavelength strip line. A second transmission line including three line sections also constructs a ¼-wavelength strip line. The line section on one-end side in the first transmission line is faced to the line section on one-end side in the second transmission line, while a dielectric sheet is disposed between both of the line sections, thereby mutually coupling both transmission lines electro-magnetically. The line section on another-end side in the first transmission line is also faced to the line section on another-end side in the second transmission line. While the dielectric sheet is disposed between both of the line sections, thereby mutually coupling both transmission lines electro-magnetically.

Abstract: A printed board having a structure for equalizing propagation times on transmission lines connecting the same pair of circuit elements at several terminals. The structure controls each propagation delay by connecting each transmission line partially in different dielectric layers having different dielectric constants in a multi-layered printed board regardless of a distance between the terminals to be connected.

Abstract: A microstrip side-coupled directional coupler (20) uses inductive loading to achieve improved directivity. In one embodiment, short-circuited inductive stubs (26, 27) are connected to the coupled line (22) of the coupler (20). In a second embodiment, pairs of short circuited inductive stubs (34, 35) are connected respectively to the coupled line (32) and the primary transmission line (35) of a directional coupler (30). In a third embodiment, the primary transmission line (41) and the coupled line (42) of a coupler (40) are both centre loaded with short-circuited inductive stubs (43, 44) respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for isolating a selected switching connection, within a switch matrix. The switching connection is isolated by forming two shunt stubs, or equivalent lumped circuits, each having an electrical length such that the input impedance of the shunt stub is high. The shunt stubs are formed on the appropriate input and output signal lines of the switch matrix on the side distant from the side of the input and output lines preferred for the propagation of the signal. The switch matrix may be constructed within and on a glass substrate.

Abstract: A first transmission line and a second transmission line are caused to be partially opposite to each other, and by use of the opposite portions of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are relatively shifted in parallel from their opposite state to their non-opposite state.

Abstract: A six port 3:1 power divider and combiner. The inventive divider/combiner includes first, second and third weakly coupled transmission lines. The first transmission line provides first and second ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively. The second transmission line provides third and fourth ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively and the third transmission line provides fifth and sixth ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively. In the illustrative embodiment, the first, second and third transmission lines are coupled to provide equal outputs at said second, fourth and sixth ports in response to an application of a signal at the first port. The first second and third conductors may be implemented with coaxial, stripline or microstrip type transmission lines. The looser coupling is very beneficial, especially in microstrip, to obtain high power capability and a manufacturable circuit.

Abstract: A directional coupler for detecting an output of a high frequency circuit module includes a main line and a sub-line overlapped with the main line with a dielectric material. The sub-line is set, in width, narrower than the main line and both side edges of the sub-line are allocated at the internal side of both side edges of the main line. Accordingly, the sub-line is surely provided opposed to the main line in the total width area and a signal current flowing into the main line can be detected in higher accuracy. Therefore, a wireless communication system for controlling an output of the high frequency circuit module by including such directional coupler assures stable communication.

Abstract: A six port 3:1 power divider and combiner. The inventive divider/combiner includes first, second and third weakly coupled transmission lines. The first transmission line provides first and second ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively. The second transmission line provides third and fourth ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively and the third transmission line provides fifth and sixth ports at first and second ends thereof, respectively. In the illustrative embodiment, the first, second and third transmission lines are coupled to provide equal outputs at said second, fourth and sixth ports in response to an application of a signal at the first port. The first, second and third conductors may be implemented with coaxial, stripline or microstrip type transmission lines. The looser coupling is very beneficial, especially in microstrip, to obtain high power capability and a manufacturable circuit.

Abstract: A small directional coupler includes a main line and a subline having a sufficient self-inductance value and achieving a very small insertion loss. A main-line conductor pattern and a subline conductor pattern are formed on the top surface of an insulating substrate by a method using photolithographic technologies. The main-line conductor pattern and the subline conductor pattern are formed in a spiral shape and so as to extend substantially parallel to each other. In order for the self-inductance value of the main line to be lower than the self-inductance value of the subline, the line width of the subline conductor pattern is narrower than the line width of the main-line conductor pattern. More specifically, it is preferable that the line width of the conductor pattern for a subline be about 50% to about 90% of the line width of the main-line conductor pattern.

Abstract: A first transmission line and a second transmission line are caused to be partially opposite to each other, and by use of the opposite portions of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are relatively shifted in parallel from their opposite state to their non-opposite state.

Abstract: Capacitors 8, each of which is connected from a position between each of input/output terminals 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and a coupled line 6 to an ground conductor pattern 7, are provided.

Abstract: A directional coupler (21) comprises main and auxiliary lines (27, 30) between dielectric boards (23, 24), a ground plate (25) provided on the outer face of the dielectric boards (23), and a conductive case (34) covering the dielectric boards (23) and (24) and making contact with the ground plate (25).

Abstract: Coupling arrangement (100, 200) for a stripline network, which comprises a first (160) and a second (110) ground plane, which ground planes are arranged essentially parallel to one another, extend in a common main direction, and each have at least one aperture (170, 120), a stripline conductor (130) arranged between the first (160) and the second (110) ground plane, a first dielectric layer (190) located between the stripline conductor (130) and the first ground plane (160), and a second dielectric layer (180) located between the stripline conductor (130) and the second ground plane (110). The stripline conductor has a first main surface (150) facing towards the first ground plane and a second main surface (140) facing towards the second ground plane.

Abstract: A directional coupler characterized as having improved directivity. The directional coupler and methodology uses enhanced destructive interference to reduce the leakage at the output port of a signal incident at the coupled port of the coupler thereby giving the coupler improved directivity. The directional coupler creates this enhanced destructive interference by the introduction of impedance discontinuities in the coupled transmission lines. The impedance discontinuity in the coupled transmission lines can take on many forms, such as recesses at the coupling sides of the coupled transmission lines, protrusions at the non-coupling sides of the coupled transmission lines, or both. Another directional coupler is capable of being tuned for different coupling levels. This coupler comprises adjacent conductors between the coupled transmission lines that are connected, as required, to the coupled lines to change the coupling level.

Abstract: A variable attenuator is provided with a comb line formed of first and second lines electromagnetically coupled at a coupling degree of M, and diodes connected to the first and second lines constituting the comb line. One end of the first line is grounded through a capacitor and also connected to an input terminal through a capacitor. A diode is connected between the ground and the other end of the first line such that its anode is connected to the other end of the first line. The node connecting the other end of the first line and the anode of the diode is connected to a control terminal through a resistor. One end of the second line is grounded through a capacitor and also connected to an output terminal through a capacitor. Another diode is connected between the ground and the other end of the second line such that its anode is connected to the other end of the second line. The node connecting the other end of the second line and the anode of the diode is connected to a control terminal through a resistor.

Abstract: A hybrid coupler (66, 67; 72, 73) has four ports and is capable of coupling radio frequency signals having a certain frequency from at least one port to at least one other port. The hybrid coupler (66, 67; 72, 73) is implemented as a differential coupler arranged to couple differential radio frequency signals. With such a hybrid coupler a power amplifying circuit can be produced which has sufficiently low ripple on the supply voltage to be integrated together with more sensitive radio circuits, and which is also insensitive to load mismatch such that an isolator can be avoided. A differential hybrid coupler allows the output current to be shared between four transistors or amplifiers, thus reducing the amplitude of the ripple. Further, the frequency of the ripple is four times the operating frequency of the circuit, which makes it much easier to filter out the ripple.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a main arm and a branch arm. The main arm includes a first main sawtooth section, a second main sawtooth section and a main straight section coupled between the first and second main sawtooth sections. The branch arm includes a first branch sawtooth section and a second branch sawtooth section. The first branch sawtooth section includes a first side and a second side. The first side of the first branch sawtooth section is shaped to include a zig-zag edge and the second side of the first branch sawtooth section is shaped to include a non-straight edge. The second branch sawtooth section includes a first side and a second side, and the first side of the second branch sawtooth section is shaped to include a zig-zag edge. The zig-zag edge of the first side of the first branch sawtooth section is coupled to the first main sawtooth section, and the zig-zag edge of the first side of the second branch sawtooth section is coupled to the second main sawtooth section.

Abstract: A microwave coupling element for coupling an input conductor with an output conductor exhibiting a predetermined wave propagation resistance includes a coupling portion interposed between the input and output conductors and including two parallel strip conductors that are galvanically uncoupled from one another. The strip conductors are spaced from each other by a predetermined distance and each has a predetermined width, at least one of the predetermined width and the predetermined distance being up to twice as large as that which would correspond to a minimum mismatch with the input and output connectors. The resulting mismatch is compensated for by at least one transformation connector exhibiting a wave propagation resistance smaller than the predetermined wave propagation resistance.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave propagation structure, suitable for the transmission of an electromagnetic wave and the formation of resonators within filters, is constructed of both high and low dielectric-constant materials wherein the high dielectric-constant is in excess of approximately 80 and the low dielectric-constant is less than approximately 2. A boundary between the high and the low dielectric-constant materials serves as an electric wall to waves propagating in the low dielectric-constant material and as a magnetic wall to waves propagating in the high dielectric-constant material. This permits substitution of the high dielectric-constant material for metal elements, such as resonators and feed structures in filters. Furthermore, the use of a cladding of dielectric material of one of the foregoing dielectric ranges about a core of material of the other of the foregoing dielectric ranges enables construction of waveguides having rectangular and circular cross-sections.

Abstract: Microstrip coupler and method for fabricating the same, which can improve a directivity while does not affect to an active device disposed on the same substrate, the microstrip coupler, including an insulating substrate having a dielectric constant, one pair of coupled microstrip lines having a width spaced a distance from each other, extended in a longitudinal direction, and disposed on one side of the insulating substrate, and a recess formed in the insulating substrate on a side of a grounded member opposite to the microstrip lines with a width and a depth disposed in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: First and second microstriplines disposed substantially in parallel to each other and coupled with each other are formed spirally in a substantially quadrangular shape with the first microstripline being disposed inside. The space between the first and second microstriplines is set at least partly wider than the space between the adjacent turns of the pair of first and second microstriplines.

Abstract: A surface mount coupler device is provided having a device body with a plurality of terminations located thereon. The coupler device is particularly useful in high frequency circuits to provide coupling between two circuit lines without direct electrical contact. For example, the device may provide coupling between a feedback control loop and an amplifier output section in a RF transmitter. The device body is built up on a rigid insulative substrate. During manufacture, one or more layers of insulative polymer are applied to the insulative substrate. The insulative polymer defines conductor channels in which primary and secondary conductors are located. The primary and secondary conductors are electrically connected to a respective pair of the terminations located on the device body. A sealing cover, preferably glass, is located above the polymeric insulative layers.

Abstract: A first transmission line and a second transmission line are caused to be partially opposite to each other, and by use of the opposite portions of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are relatively shifted in parallel from their opposite state to their non-opposite state.

Abstract: The invention discloses the utilization of various transmission lines that entail a ferroelectric material as dielectric substrate to introduce an impedance shift by means of an externally applied d.c. bias, which alters the effective length between the input and output signals of the transmission lines of microwave couplers.

Abstract: Microstrip coupler and method for fabricating the same, which can improve a directivity while does not affect to an active device disposed on the same substrate, the microstrip coupler, including an insulating substrate having a dielectric constant, one pair of coupled microstrip lines having a width spaced a distance from each other, extended in a longitudinal direction, and disposed on one side of the insulating substrate, and a recess formed in the insulating substrate on a side of a grounded member opposite to the microstrip lines with a width and a depth disposed in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A directional coupler for detecting an output of a high frequency circuit module includes a main line and a sub-line overlapped with the main line each other with a dielectric material. The sub-line is set, in the width, narrower than the main line and both side edges of the sub-line are allocated at the internal side of both side edges of the main line. Accordingly, the sub-line is surely provided opposed to the main line in the total width area and a signal current flowing into the main line can be detected in higher accuracy. Therefore, a wireless communication system for controlling an output of the high frequency circuit module by comprising such directional coupler assures stable communication.

Abstract: First and second microstriplines 2 and 3 disposed substantially in parallel to each other and coupled with each other are formed spirally in a substantially quadrangular shape with the first microstripline 2 being disposed inside. The space between the first and second microstriplines 2 and 3 at portions disposed adjacently with the same number of turns is set longer than the space between the first and second microstriplines 2 and 3 at portions disposed adjacently with different numbers of turns.

Abstract: According to the configuration the present power splitter, it is possible to reduce the characteristic impedance of a transmission line constituting a directional coupler by setting the impedance of a first terminal pair constituted of an input port 7a and a second output port 7d of a 6-dB branch-line-shaped directional coupler 7 to a value smaller than a reference impedance Z0 (50 &OHgr; in general) and setting the impedance of a second terminal pair constituted of an isolation port 7b and a first output port 7c of the directional coupler 7 to Z0. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of splits and reduce loss, as compared with conventional cases.

Abstract: A directional coupler (21) comprises main and auxiliary lines (27, 30) between dielectric boards (23, 24); a ground plate (25) provided on outer face of the dielectric board (23) and a conductive case (34) covering the dielectric boards 23 and 24 and makes contact with the ground plate (25)

Abstract: The double-balanced mixer includes a diode ring (D1, D2, D3, D4) with respective balancing circuit portions for a local oscillator signal (LO) and a high frequency signal (RF) and a capacitively-loaded conductor branch (L3,L4) for an intermediate frequency signal (IF). In order to minimize conversion losses and obtain a high isolation between the local oscillator signal (LO) and the high frequency signal (RF), each balancing circuit portion comprises a first coupler including two strip lines (L11, L12; L31, L32) and a second coupler constructed as an interdigital coupler (L21, L22, L23, L24; L41, L42, L43, L44). The first coupler (L11, L12; L31, L32) of each balancing circuit portion is connected to a respective first symmetric input (1,3) of the diode ring and the second coupler is connected with a respective second symmetric input of the diode ring. Both couplers are connected with each other via one of their gates (14,24; 34,44).

Abstract: An AC signal is switched between two circuit branches using a transformer or at least one directional coupler as a coupling device. Electronically controlled switches shunt one of two terminals of the coupling device to AC ground. The input signal is propagated out of the non-shunted terminal to one of the two circuit branches. The electronically controlled switches may be relays, transistors, or diodes. Diodes prevent the AC signal from being shunted to AC ground when reverse biased and shunt the AC signal to AC ground when forward biased.

Abstract: A microwave coupler is constructed in a multilayer, vertically-connected stripline architecture provided in the form of a microwave integrated circuit that has a homogeneous, multilayer structure. Such a coupler has a vertically-connected stripline structure in which multiple sets of stripline layers are separated by interstitial groundplanes, and wherein more than one set of layers has a segment of coupled stripline. A typical implementation operates at frequencies from approximately 0.5 to 6 GHz, although other frequencies are achievable.

Abstract: An integrated component providing the function of both a conventional directional coupler and a low-pass filter having two attenuation poles at a specified frequency band without changing the line length. Stub lines are connected to both ends of a main transmission line of a directional coupler. A frequency of the attenuation poles is adjustable by characteristic impedance, terminating conditions, and line length of the stub lines.

Abstract: The monolithic integrated interdigital coupler includes a plurality of parallel conductors (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) extending side-by-side and a plurality of conducting air bridges (10,11,12, 13) connecting pairs of conductors. One end of each conductor is connected with one end of another non-adjacent or non-neighboring conductor by means of one of the conducting air bridges (10,11,12,13). In order to provide a closer or tighter coupling at least one conducting air bridge (10,11,12,13) is connected to the conductor it bridges by a concentrated capacitance (14,15,16,17).

Abstract: The invention is a non-contact coupling system for use in interconnecting a large number of electronic modules to a main signal trace via non-contact couplers. A driver sends an electronic signal comprising pulses along the main signal trace. The couplers each have a track of conductive material substantially parallel to the main signal trace. The track of each succeeding coupler is longer than that of the preceding coupler. As a pulse travels from the driver alongside the track of the closest coupler, a pulse is induced therein, although part of the original pulse energy is lost. The remaining lower-energy pulse then couples onto the second-closest coupler but because of the longer parallel track, an induced pulse virtually as strong as the pulse imparted to the first coupler is produced. This phenomenon occurs at every coupler along the main signal trace, resulting in induced pulses that have a relatively low amplitude variation.

Abstract: A microwave circuit having a coupler with two microstrip conductors on a front surface of a substrate, parallel to each other, and electromagnetically coupled to each other with a coupling coefficient wherein the substrate has a rear surface on which a grounding conductor is formed. A floating conductor is interposed between the microstrip conductors. A first terminal of a switching device is connected to one end of the floating conductor while a second terminal of the switching device is grounded. By selectively turning on and off the switching device, the coupling coefficient is changed.

Abstract: In four microstriplines disposed close such that they are coupled with each other, the left-hand end of the third microstripline serves as an input, the left-hand ends of the first and second microstriplines and the right-hand ends of the first and fourth microstriplines serve as outputs, and the right-hand end of the second microstripline and the left-hand end of the fourth microstripline are grounded.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) coupler transfers RF power between a first circuit on a rotary shaft and a second circuit relative to which the shaft can rotate. The coupler comprises a first RF transmission line arranged to rotate with the rotary shaft about the rotation axis of the rotary shaft for connection to the first circuit and a second RF transmission line relative to which the first RF transmission line can rotate for connection to the second circuit. The first and second RF transmission lines comprise first and second electrically conductive tracks arranged coaxially around the rotation axis in mutually overlapping relationship to provide RF coupling between the first and second RF transmission lines. Each track has a gap defining a pair of ports. One of the ports of each track is connectable to a respective circuit and another port in the track is connected to a RF reflecting termination. A notch filter tunable to a desired frequency within a predetermined RF band is also described.