Abstract: A sandwich strip coupled coupler implemented in a multi-layer substrate, such as a multi-layer printed circuit board. In one example, the sandwich strip coupled coupler includes a main arm having a first main arm section and a second main arm section disposed above the first main arm section, the first and second main arm sections being electrically connected together, and a coupled arm disposed between the first and second main arm sections, the first main arm section, the coupled arm and the second main arm section forming a sandwich structure.

Abstract: This invention discloses a complementary-conducting-strip coupled-line (CCS CL). The CCS CL includes a substrate, m layers of mesh ground planes interlacing with m?1 layer(s) of first inter-media-dielectric (IMD) to form a stack structure on the substrate, a second IMD layer being on the stack structure, and n metal lines being on the second IMD layer and being edge-coupled with each other. Wherein, the m?1 first IMD layer(s) has(have) a plurality of vias to connect matching mesh ground planes, therein, m?2 and m is a natural number, n?2 and n is a natural number.

Abstract: Directional couplers are provided. In one embodiment, the directional coupler includes first and second transmission line segments positioned on a first plane and spaced apart by a first distance, third and fourth transmission line segments positioned on a second plane and spaced apart by a second distance, the second plane spaced apart from the first plane, a first conductive segment connecting the first and third transmission line segments, and a second conductive segment connecting the second and fourth transmission line segments, where the first and second transmission line segments are configured to couple energy therebetween, and where the third and fourth transmission line segments are configured to couple energy therebetween.

Abstract: A directional coupler which can adjust a degree of coupling easily and by comparatively low cost is provided. A directional coupler has a substrate, a 1st transmission line formed on the substrate, a 2nd transmission line formed on the substrate, and a coupling substrate provided with a 3rd transmission line and a 4th transmission line which form a coupling part. The coupling substrate is attached to the substrate so that the coupling part may be inserted in the 1st transmission line and 2nd transmission line.

Abstract: A circuit module may include a first substrate having a first side and a second side, a second substrate having a third side and a fourth side, the third side facing the second side, and a resilient bond layer coupling the second side to the third side. The first substrate may have a first coefficient of thermal expansion and the second substrate may have a second coefficient of thermal expansion substantially different from the first coefficient of thermal expansion. A broadside coupler may couple a microwave signal from the first substrate to the second substrate. The broadside coupler may include a first conductive element formed on the second side and a second conductive element formed on the third side proximate the first conductive element.

Abstract: A high-load coupler with a first input port, which is connected via a first stripline to an output port, and with at least one second input port, which is connected to an absorber, which provides at least one second stripline, a coupling portion and a connection portion. The at least one second input port is connected via at least one second stripline directly to the absorber. The at least one second stripline is designed as a middle conductor of a triplate line and the absorber is disposed on a thermally-conductive surface of a cooling-medium pipe. The cooling-medium pipe is connected to one housing half.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a directional coupler 1 structured with a microstripline 20 including a main line 2 having an input port P1 and an output port P2, and a sub line 3 having a coupling port P3 and an isolation port P4. The sub line 3 is made of a high impedance line 4 narrower than the main line 2. The high impedance line 4 has first coupling lines 5A and 5B and a second coupling line 6 each extending in parallel to the main line 2. The distance between the first coupling lines 5A and 5B and the main line 2 is smaller than the distance between the second coupling line 6 and the main line 2.

Abstract: A directional coupler provides at least two coupled lines, at least three ports and at least one inductor. A high-frequency signal is transmitted from the first coupled line to the second coupled line. The circuit is constructed in stripline technology. In this context, the second coupled line provides a forward path and a return path, which are connected to a port. An inductor is connected in series to the return path.

Abstract: A hybrid coupler for UHF-band television transmission has a box containing two lines, each of which is insulated from the box and from the other line, is connected to the other line in a “tandem” configuration, and has a first, a second, and a third portion separate from one another and connected respectively to the third, second, and first portion of the other line to define a first, a second, and a third coupling section to achieve a constant connection over the whole UHF band.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a coupler that includes a coupler structure including at least one first transmission line disposed on a first major surface of a coupler dielectric substrate and at least one second transmission line disposed on a second major surface of the coupler dielectric substrate. The coupler structure includes four symmetric ports such that each port of the four symmetric ports is characterized by substantially identical impedance characteristics. A first ground plane structure is coupled to the coupler structure and including a first outer dielectric material and a first conductive exterior layer disposed substantially parallel to the first major surface. A second ground plane structure is coupled to the coupler structure and including a second outer dielectric material and a second conductive exterior layer disposed substantially parallel to the second major surface.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention described and shown in the specification and drawings is a transceiver with a receiver, a transmitter, a local oscillator (LO) generator, a controller, and a self-testing unit. All of these components can be packaged for integration into a single IC including components such as filters and inductors. The controller for adaptive programming and calibration of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. The self-testing unit generates is used to determine the gain, frequency characteristics, selectivity, noise floor, and distortion behavior of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a printed circuit board (PCB) including a ground plane and having first and second opposing surfaces. The electronic device may also include a radio frequency (RF) directional coupler carried by the first surface of the PCB and including a housing and circuitry therein defining an input port, an output port, and first and second monitoring ports. A first monitoring circuit may be carried by the first surface of the PCB and connected to the first monitoring port. The electronic device may also include a via conductor connected to the second monitoring port and extending through the PCB to the second surface thereof. A second monitoring circuit may also be carried by the second surface of the PCB and connected to the via conductor.

Abstract: In a directional coupler having flaps on a pair transmission lines to be coupled, structural characteristics such as the distance between adjacent flaps, the length and width of a flap, the direction of projection of the flaps, and whether and to what degree the flaps on the two transmission lines overlap can be selected in order to optimize electrical characteristics of the coupler.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a dielectric substrate having at least an input terminal and an output terminal on a surface thereof, a main line disposed in the dielectric substrate and extending between the input terminal and the output terminal, a first coupling line for monitoring a level of an input signal which is input through the input terminal, the first coupling line being disposed in the dielectric substrate and having an end electrically connected to a first terminating resistor, and a second coupling line for monitoring a level of a reflected signal which is input through the output terminal, the second coupling line being disposed in the dielectric substrate and having an end electrically connected to a second terminating resistor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compact weakly coupled directional coupler combined with an integrated impedance transformation and matching circuit where the impedance transformation and matching circuit facilitates the fabrication of a highly miniaturized directional coupler with optimum electrical performance where the physical dimensions of the coupled transmission lines fall inside the constraints of the fabrication process.

Abstract: The invention provides couplers that are thinner and smaller in size and still satisfy the required various properties of the couplers. According to an embodiment of the invention, a coupler has a first line L1 that includes a coiled main line L11 and is constituted by separate portions arranged in different layers; a second line L2 that includes a coiled secondary line L21 arranged to be opposed to the main line L11 via an insulating layer, the second line being constituted by separate portions arranged in different layers; a plurality of vias P11, P12, P21 and P22 that connect the separate portions of the first line arranged in the different layers to each other and connect the separate portions of the second line arranged in the different layers to each other; and a plurality of terminals T11, T12, T21 and T22 each connected to an end of the first and second lines L1 and L2.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a main line connected at a first end to an input port and at a second end to an output port, a coupled line connected at a first end to a coupled port and at a second end to an isolated port, and a phase shifter connected at a first end to the isolated port and at a second end to the coupled port. The phase shifter phase shifts a second reflected wave component such that the second reflected wave component is opposite in phase to a first reflected wave component, the second reflected wave component traveling from the output port to the coupled port through the isolated port and the phase shifter, the first reflected wave component traveling from the output port to the coupled port through the coupled line.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a substrate and RF coupler formed over the substrate. The RF coupler has a first conductive trace with a first end coupled to a first terminal of the semiconductor device, and a second conductive trace with a first end coupled to a second terminal of the semiconductor device. The first conductive trace is placed in proximity to a first portion of the second conductive trace. An integrated passive device is formed over the substrate. A second portion of the second conductive trace operates as a circuit component of the integrated passive device. The integrated passive device can be a balun or low-pass filter. The RF coupler also has a first capacitor coupled to the first terminal of the semiconductor device, and second capacitor coupled to a third terminal of the semiconductor device for higher directivity. The second conductive trace is wound to exhibit an inductive property.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes capacitive elements electrically connected to a coupled port and an isolated port, respectively, for a coupled line on a chip (on-chip). The capacitive elements serve as matching capacitive elements and may be MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) capacitors on a substrate. A first end of a first of the capacitive elements is connected between the coupled port and the coupled line and a second end is grounded. A first end of a second of the capacitive elements is connected between the isolated port and the coupled line and a second end is grounded.

Abstract: Branchline coupler structure using slow wave transmission line effect having both large inductance and large capacitance per unit length. The branchline coupler structure includes a plurality of quarter-wavelength transmission lines, at least one of which includes a high impedance arm and a low impedance arm. The high and low impedances are relative to each other. The high impedance arm includes a plurality of narrow cells and having an inductance of nL and a capacitance of C/n, and the low impedance arm includes a plurality of wide cells and having an inductance of L/n and capacitance of nC. The wide and narrow cells are relative to each other, and the wide and narrow cells are adjacent each other to form a signal layer having step discontinuous alternative widths.

Abstract: A hybrid Marchand/back-wave balun includes a first pair of coupled sections having a first primary section and first secondary section; a second pair of coupled sections having a second primary section and second secondary section; a first reactance interconnecting the first and second primary sections and a second reactance interconnecting the first and second secondary sections; one of the reactances being open at high frequency and shorted at low frequency, the other reactance being shorted at high frequency and open at low frequency for selectively providing low frequency Marchand/high frequency back-wave function and high frequency Marchand/low frequency back-wave function; and a double balanced mixer using same.

Abstract: A directional coupler and a receiving or transmitting device. The directional coupler includes: a primary signal line composed of a metal rod; and a coupled signal line composed of a microstrip line in a curved shape on a printed circuit board; wherein the medium between the metal rod and the microstrip line is air. Compared with existing directional coupler, the directional coupler of the embodiments of the disclosure has a lower transmitting loss, a large power capacity, and a high directional qualification. The directional coupler is capable of ensuring a higher passive intermodulation qualification. The advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure are easier assembly, good uniformity of the qualifications, and adaptability for various application environments. The directional coupler of the disclosure ensures different parameter qualifications, and is simple to assemble, so that the low cost is achieved.

Abstract: A power amplifier module comprises a power amplifier disposed in a coreless substrate and a directional coupler disposed in a coreless substrate and connected to the power amplifier.

Abstract: A feed network device, an antenna feeder subsystem, and a base station system are provided. The feed network device comprises: two first stage couplers, two phase shifters, and two second stage couplers cascaded on a Printed Circuit Board, wherein each coupler is a multilayered dielectric broad-side coupler, and the difference of phase between an output signal at the coupling port and an output signal at the direct connection port is 90° in each multi-dielectric broad-side coupler.

Abstract: A directional coupler (500), which comprises a dielectric substrate (501) on top of a metal plate (510), is functioning as a ground plane. The transmission path is a suspended stripling so that there is a recess on the ground plane below the transmission conductor (520) being on the surface of the substrate. The sensing conductor (530) is a very small-sized conductive strip on the surface of the substrate. It has been connected from its head end to the measurement port (P3) and from its tail end via a termination resistor (550) to a small ground strip (515). The ground strip is next to the sensing conductor on the side of the output port (P2) of the directional coupler. With such an asymmetric structure, some directivity is obtained despite the small size of the sensing conductor. Also below the sensing conductor (530) there is a recess (506) on the ground plane, which joins the recess below the transmission conductor (520).

Abstract: A directional coupler includes two parallel coupled lines and two sector metal plates. The two sector metal plates are connected to a middle portion of each of the two coupled lines. Central angles of the two sector metal plate are less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention is a wideband directional coupler comprising first and second coupled transmission lines and first and second equalizers connected at opposite ends of the coupled portion of the second transmission line. Illustratively, the first and second equalizers are RC filters. The first and second equalizers are designed to have transmission characteristics that vary with frequency so as to offset the frequency variation of the coupling factor of the coupled transmission lines.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and systems provide conversion of evanescent electromagnetic waves to non-evanescent electromagnetic waves and/or conversion of non-evanescent electromagnetic waves to evanescent electromagnetic waves. In some approaches the conversion includes propagation of electromagnetic waves within an indefinite electromagnetic medium, and the indefinite medium may include an artificially-structured material such as a layered structure or other metamaterial.

Abstract: A Lange coupler having a first plurality of lines on a first level and a second plurality of lines on a second level. At least one line on the first level is cross-coupled to a respective line on the second level via electromagnetic waves traveling through the first and second plurality of lines. The first and second plurality of lines may be made of metal, and the first level may be higher than the second level. A substrate may be provided into which the first and second plurality of lines are etched so as to define an on-chip Lange coupler.

Abstract: A directional coupler having (a) a first coupled microstrip section having a first terminus (T1) and a second terminus (T2), (b) a second coupled microstrip section having a first terminus at T2 and a second terminus (T3), and (c) a first phase-velocity-compensating capacitor connected across the conductors of the microstrip sections at T2 is disclosed. The coupler also may include a second phase-velocity-compensating capacitor connected at T1, and a third phase-velocity compensating capacitor connected across the conductors at T3.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a coupling device are shown. In various embodiments, a variable frequency divider comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line. The first transmission line may comprise a first and a second end. The first end may comprise a first terminal and the second end may comprise a first branch and a second branch. The first transmission line may be configured to receive a first signal at a first frequency at the first terminal and divide the first signal to output the divided first signal at the first branch and the second branch. The second transmission line may be proximate the first transmission line and configured to receive a second signal at a second frequency to control the frequencies of the output divided first signal at the first branch and the second branch through electromagnetic influence between the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power coupler for hyperfrequency signals. The single-section coupler with microstrip lines comprises a dielectric substrate, a main line and a secondary line comprising a coupling section, the lines being deposited on the substrate, the main line being substantially rectilinear and uniform over its entire length, the coupling section comprising a protuberance at each of its ends, the protuberances being interlinked by a portion of conductive line of which the section, the shape and the disposition are adapted to minimize the coupling between said portion and the main line relative to the coupling made between the protuberances and the main line. The invention applies notably to the measurement of the power of a signal passing through a transmission line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compact weakly coupled directional coupler combined with an integrated impedance transformation and matching circuit where the impedance transformation and matching circuit facilitates the fabrication of a highly miniaturized directional coupler with optimum electrical performance where the physical dimensions of the coupled transmission lines fall inside the constraints of the fabrication process.

Abstract: A coupling element is disclosed for electromagnetic coupling of at least two conductors of a transmission line, wherein the coupling element is arranged between a first conductor and a second conductor of the transmission line and has at least one discrete component. The coupling element can have at least one first branch embodied as a transmission line segment that is associated with the first conductor, and a second branch embodied as a transmission line segment that is associated with the second conductor. The at least one discrete component can thereby be provided for connecting the first branch to the second branch.

Abstract: An HF plasma process excitation configuration includes an HF generator that is connected to a plasma load through a directional coupler. The directional coupler includes a transmission line, a first coupling line for detecting reflected power from the plasma load, and a second coupling line for detecting forward power from the HF generator, is the first coupling line is spaced apart from the transmission line and is terminated at least at one end with a termination resistance. The second coupling line is spaced apart from the transmission line and is terminated at least at one end with a termination resistance. Each coupling line has a predetermined and adjusted characteristic impedance, and the termination resistances each have a resistance value that corresponds within a tolerance to the characteristic impedance of the associated coupling line with a tolerance.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a main line connected at a first end to an input port and at a second end to an output port, a coupled line connected at a first end to a coupled port and at a second end to an isolated port, and a phase shifter connected at a first end to the isolated port and at a second end to the coupled port. The phase shifter phase shifts a second reflected wave component such that the second reflected wave component is opposite in phase to a first reflected wave component, the second reflected wave component traveling from the output port to the coupled port through the isolated port and the phase shifter, the first reflected wave component traveling from the output port to the coupled port through the coupled line.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) directional coupler (100) can include a first transmission line element (102) having a first end and a second end, and a second transmission line element (104) having a first end and a second end. The first and second transmission line elements (102, 104) can be disposed in a first plane, where at least a portion of said first and said second transmission line elements (102, 104) are adjacent along a path. The RF coupler (100) can also include a first series of conductive coupling elements (116) disposed along said path in a second plane parallel to the first plane and separated from said first and said second transmission line elements (102, 104) by a first dielectric element (114). The first and second plane can be separated by a pre-determined distance (t2) to increase a capacitive coupling between the first and second transmission line elements (102, 104).

Abstract: This invention discloses a complementary-conducting-strip coupled-line (CCS CL). The CCS CL includes a substrate, m layers of mesh ground planes interlacing with m?1 layer(s) of first inter-media-dielectric (IMD) to form a stack structure on the substrate, a second IMD layer being on the stack structure, and n metal lines being on the second IMD layer and being edge-coupled with each other. Wherein, the m?1 first IMD layer(s) has(have) a plurality of vias to connect matching mesh ground planes, therein, m?2 and m is a nature number, n?2 and n is a nature number.

Abstract: A directional coupler for the directional transmission of high-frequency signals provides at least three lines and at least three ports. Two lines of the three lines are connected in a conductive manner at least at their ends. A third line is arranged between the two first lines and coupled to the latter in an electromagnetic manner. In this context, the high-frequency signal is transmitted from the third line to the first line and second line. The coupling is implemented via a coupling gap.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for making a hybrid material stripline device. The method includes providing an inner layer of material, the inner layer including a dielectric material and at least one conductive sheet. At least one stripline device is formed in the inner layer by processing the at least one conductive sheet. The at least one stripline device is characterized by a surface area footprint. A first exterior layer and a second exterior layer are provided. At least one of the first exterior layer and/or the second exterior layer includes at least one ceramic portion. The at least one ceramic portion has a ceramic surface area greater than or substantially equal to the surface area footprint of the at least one stripline device. At least one of the first exterior layer and/or the second exterior layer further includes a softboard dielectric material. The inner layer of material is sandwiched between the first exterior layer and the second exterior layer.

Abstract: An improved spiral coupler including a plurality of parallel, coextensive conductive strips disposed in a planar spiral path, including a first strip having an input port and a direct or through port, a second strip having a coupler port and an isolated port and a first cross-over connection for bridging the strips from the inside to the outside of the spiral path to provide all four the ports external access to the spiral path.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a coupling device are shown. In various embodiments, a variable frequency divider comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line. The first transmission line may comprise a first and a second end. The first end may comprise a first terminal and the second end may comprise a first branch and a second branch. The first transmission line may be configured to receive a first signal at a first frequency at the first terminal and divide the first signal to output the divided first signal at the first branch and the second branch. The second transmission line may be proximate the first transmission line and configured to receive a second signal at a second frequency to control the frequencies of the output divided first signal at the first branch and the second branch through electromagnetic influence between the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

Abstract: Various directional coupler arrangements are disclosed. For instance, an apparatus includes first, second, and third conductive patterns disposed on a substrate. Each of these conductive patterns includes a first end and an opposite second end. Moreover, each of these conductive patterns includes a first protrusion at its first end and a second protrusion at its second end.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna has a single dielectric layer with a conductive ground plane disposed on one side, and an array of spaced apart radiating patches disposed on the other side of the dielectric layer. The radiating patches are interconnected with a feed terminal via stripline elements. Responsive to electromagnetic energy, a high-order standing wave is induced in the antenna and a directed beam is transmitted from and/or received into the antenna. A dual-mode embodiment is configured such that standing wave nodes occur at the intersection of orthogonally situated striplines to minimize cross-polarization levels of the signals and the cross-talk between the two modes of operation.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention described and shown in the specification and drawings is a transceiver with a receiver, a transmitter, a local oscillator (LO) generator, a controller, and a self-testing unit. All of these components can be packaged for integration into a single IC including components such as filters and inductors. The controller for adaptive programming and calibration of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. The self-testing unit generates is used to determine the gain, frequency characteristics, selectivity, noise floor, and distortion behavior of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: Various directional coupler arrangements are disclosed. For instance, an apparatus includes first, second, and third conductive patterns disposed on a substrate. Each of these conductive patterns includes a first end and an opposite second end. Moreover, each of these conductive patterns includes a first protrusion at its first end and a second protrusion at its second end.

Abstract: A directional coupler having a first structure with distributed lines having a first conductive line intended to convey a main signal between two end terminals and having a second conductive line, coupled to the first one, intended to convey a secondary signal proportional to the main signal; and a second structure with local elements including, between a first terminal of the coupler intended to extract the secondary signal and a first end of the second line, two attenuators in series between which is interposed a low-pass filter and, between a second terminal of the coupler and the second end of the second line, at least one attenuator.

Abstract: A divider may include a stem or first port, and two or more branch ports connected or coupled directly or indirectly to the first port. As mentioned, a divider may include multiple sections. In some examples, a divider may include at least an inductively uncoupled section and an inductively coupled section. An uncoupled section may be characterized by a plurality of associated transmission lines that are substantially inductively uncoupled. On the other hand, a coupled section may include a plurality of associated transmission lines that are substantially inductively coupled. A divider section may include a resistor connected between ends of associated first and second transmission lines in a coupled or uncoupled section. In some examples, one or more uncoupled sections are connected in series to the first port and one or more coupled sections are connected in series between the uncoupled sections and the second and third ports.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) directional coupler (100) can include a first transmission line element (102) having a first end and a second end, and a second transmission line element (104) having a first end and a second end. The first and second transmission line elements (102, 104) can be disposed in a first plane, where at least a portion of said first and said second transmission line elements (102, 104) are adjacent along a path. The RF coupler (100) can also include a first series of conductive coupling elements (116) disposed along said path in a second plane parallel to the first plane and separated from said first and said second transmission line elements (102, 104) by a first dielectric element (114). The first and second plane can be separated by a pre-determined distance (t2) to increase a capacitive coupling between the first and second transmission line elements (102, 104).

Abstract: A directional coupler includes two parallel coupled lines and two sector metal plates. The two sector metal plates are connected to a middle portion of each of the two coupled lines. Central angles of the two sector metal plate are less than 90 degrees.