Abstract: A Marchand balun circuit includes a Marchand balun, an unbalanced matching circuit, and a balanced matching circuit. The Marchand balun includes an unbalanced terminal, and two balanced terminals. The unbalanced matching circuit includes a first and the second impedances which are connected between the unbalanced terminal and ground in series, and a first resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the first and the second impedances. The balanced matching circuit includes a third and a fourth impedances which are connected between one balanced terminal and ground in series, a fifth and a sixth impedance which are connected between the other balanced terminal and ground in series, a second resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the third and the fourth impedances, and a third resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the fifth and the sixth impedances.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing impedance matching between a single-ended circuit and a differential circuit includes first and second capacitors and first and second inductors. The first capacitor is connected between an input/output of the single-ended circuit and a first differential input/output of the differential circuit. The first inductor is connected between the input/output of the single-ended circuit and a second differential input/output of the differential circuit. The second capacitor is connected between the second differential input/output of the differential circuit and ground. The second inductor is connected between the first differential input/output of the differential circuit and the second differential input/output of the differential circuit.

Abstract: Provided are assemblies and processes for efficiently coupling wideband differential signals between balanced and unbalanced circuits. The assemblies include a broadband balun having an unbalanced transmission line portion, a balanced transmission line portion, and a transition region disposed between the unbalanced and balanced transmission line portions. The unbalanced transmission line portion includes at least one ground and a pair of conductive signal traces, each isolated from ground. The balanced portion does not include an analog ground. The transition region effectively terminates the analog ground, while also smoothly transitioning or otherwise shaping transverse electric field distributions between the balanced and unbalanced portions. Beneficially, the balun is free from resonant features that would otherwise limit operating bandwidth, allowing it to operate over a wide bandwidth of 10:1 or greater.

Abstract: A balun comprising first and second transmission lines having a shared intermediate conductor. The first transmission line may include first and second conductors. The first conductor may have a first end for conducting an unbalanced signal relative to a circuit ground and a second end for conducting a balanced signal. The second conductor may have first and second ends proximate the respective first and second ends of the first conductor. The first and second ends of the second conductor may be open-circuited. The second transmission line may include the second conductor and a third conductor having a first end connected to circuit ground and a second end for conducting the balanced signal. The second conductor may surround the first and third conductors, and one or more ferrite sleeves may surround the second conductor.

Abstract: A transmission line resonator includes a half-wavelength stepped-impedance resonator with two ends short-circuited to ground, and a capacitive element with one end connected to a center portion of the stepped-impedance resonator and the other end short-circuited to ground. The stepped-impedance resonator includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a third transmission line. The second transmission line has a second line impedance and a second line length, with one end being connected to one end of the first transmission line and the other end being short-circuited to ground. The third transmission line has the second line impedance and the second line length, with one end being connected to the other end of the first transmission line and the other end being short-circuited to ground. The first line impedance is lowered in comparison with the second line impedance.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device with a balun which is formed above a conductive semiconductor substrate and which includes a dielectric film, an unbalanced line for transmitting an unbalanced signal, and balanced lines for transmitting a balanced signal. The unbalanced line is placed opposite to the balanced lines via a nano-composite film that is a region of the dielectric film. The nano-composite film, interposed between the unbalanced line and the balanced lines, has a relative permittivity higher than that of other regions of the dielectric film. This allows suppression of electromagnetic coupling of transmission lines or passive elements other than the balun, thereby providing a semiconductor device with a wide-band and small-size balun.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an interface for connecting a waveguide manifold of a transition to a stripline manifold of the transition. The interface may include a plurality of metamaterial layers, each including a metamaterial(s). The interface may further include a ground plane layer which may be connected to both the plurality of metamaterial layers and to the stripline manifold. Further, the interface may include a plurality of ground vias which may form channels through each of the layers of the interface and through the stripline manifold for providing a ground structure for the interface. The interface is further configured for forming a resonant structure which provides a low-loss, broadband conversion between a stripline mode and a waveguide mode for electromagnetic energy traversing through the interface between the waveguide manifold and the stripline manifold.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of RF circuits, and in particular, to a balun. In an embodiment of the present invention, a balun is provided which comprises at least two coaxial cables, each of which is wound into at least one loop, and the inner and outer conductors of one end of all coaxial cables are connected respectively to each other and the inner and outer conductors of the other end are also connected to each other. The novel balun according to the embodiments of the present invention has a small size but a large power capacity and low cost, and can be used in a magnetic field environment.

Abstract: A combiner/divider may comprise a circuit ground and five transmission lines. The first transmission line may include a first conductor having a first end forming a first unbalanced-signal port relative to the circuit ground, and a second conductor having a first end connected to the circuit ground. The second and third transmission lines may be connected in parallel and each may include a conductor connecting a second end of the first conductor to a first balanced-signal port. The fourth and fifth transmission lines may be connected in parallel and each may include a conductor connecting a second end of the second conductor to a second balanced-signal port. A ferrite sleeve may surround the second and third transmission lines and/or the fourth and fifth transmission lines. The second, third, fourth and fifth transmission lines may be coaxial transmission lines with connected outer conductors.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a millimeter-wave system operative to enhance propagation of millimeter-waves inside a laminate waveguide structure, in which electrical energy has leaked outside the laminated waveguide structure. The system comprises a laminate waveguide structure inside a printed circuit board, and an electrically conductive fence also inside the printed circuit board but outside the laminate waveguide structure. In various embodiments, the electrical energy of millimeter-waves leaks outside the laminate waveguide structure and is reflected by the electrically conducive fence back into the laminate waveguide structure.

Abstract: A signal converter includes: a dielectric substrate; a first conductor layer disposed on one of opposite sides of the dielectric substrate, while including an input section receiving high-frequency signals inputted thereto; a second conductor layer disposed on the other of the opposite sides of the dielectric substrate; and plural first conducting sections penetrating the dielectric substrate for electrically connecting the first and second conductor layers, while forming a waveguide in the inside of the dielectric substrate with the first and second conductor layers. The first conductor layer is disposed on the dielectric substrate without occupying a separator section disposed on the dielectric substrate. The separator section includes first and second sections extend from the input section towards the waveguide. The first and second sections are separated away from each other for gradually increasing their interval in proportion to a distance away from the input section towards the waveguide.

Abstract: Provided is a coaxial waveguide converter and a ridge waveguide that are insusceptible to manufacturing variances over a broad bandwidth. The coaxial waveguide converter includes a ridge waveguide (10) including a ridge (11) and a coaxial line (20). A projection (12) projecting toward a side of a waveguide space (13) is provided in the ridge (11), an amount of projection of the projection (12) decreases gradually from an end surface of the ridge waveguide (10) on a side of the coaxial line along a waveguide direction and an inner conductor (21) of the coaxial line (20) is inserted in the through-hole (14) at a position displaced from a center of the ridge waveguide (10) in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the projection (12) projects in the end surface of the ridge waveguide (10) on the side of the coaxial line.

Abstract: A cable is disclosed for transmitting high speed digital baseband signals together with analog RF signals between first and second components. The RF signals may be transmitted between an antenna in the first component and an RF transceiver in the second component at operating frequencies such as for example 70 MHz to 6 GHz. In order to reduce cross-talk between the digital and analog lines, the analog signal may be carried over a line including a pair of wires such as a differential signal pair. The pair of wires carrying the analog signal may include baluns at either end to enable delivery over the pair of wires. The baluns may be wideband baluns to support communication over the full range of operating frequencies. In order to further reduce cross-talk, the digital and/or analog lines may be encased within an EMI-absorbing jacket made of extruded ferrite as one example.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel printed antenna that provides a low-loss transition into waveguide. The antenna is integrated with a heat spreader and the interconnection between the antenna and the output device (such as a power amplifier) is a simple conductive connection, such as (but not limited to), a wirebond. Integrating the antenna with the heat spreader in accordance with the concepts, circuits, and techniques described herein drastically shortens the distance from the output device to the waveguide, thus reducing losses and increasing bandwidth. The transition and technique described herein may be easily scaled for both higher and lower frequencies. Embodiments of the present apparatus also eliminate the complexity of the prior art circuit boards and transitions and enable the use of a wider range of substrates while greatly simplifying assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compact balun device that includes an unbalanced port and a set of balanced differential ports. A first set of coupled transmission line structures is coupled to the unbalanced port and one port of the set of balanced differential ports. The first set of coupled transmission line structures is characterized by at least one device parameter and a first length that is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength (?). The wavelength (?) corresponds to a first frequency. A second set of coupled transmission line structures is coupled to another port of the set of balanced differential ports. The second set of coupled transmission line structures is characterized by the at least one device parameter and a second length that is substantially equal to the quarter of a wavelength (?). The wavelength (?) corresponds to the first frequency.

Abstract: Millimeter wave radio-frequency integrated circuit device comprises a housing and a millimeter wave radio frequency integrated circuit, the housing comprising a plurality of layers laminated together and two cavities defined by apertures within the layers which are positioned to correspond as the layers are laminated together. The radio frequency integrated circuit is located within the first cavity, and the second cavity serves as a radiating cavity. The RFIC is bonded to a transmission line which connects to the radiating cavity.

Abstract: A waveguide converter includes a waveguide including a hollow section through which a signal is transmitted and a first opening formed on a cross section of the hollow section in a direction orthogonal to a transmission direction of the signal, and a circuit board including on a same surface a signal line, a conductor patch connected to the signal line, and a second opening surrounding the conductor patch. The waveguide is fixed onto the circuit board. The first opening surrounds the second opening. The conductor patch includes a rectangular section which has short sides in parallel with short sides of the first opening, and has a first long side and a second long side connected to the signal line in parallel with long sides of the first opening, and protruding portions which are provided so as to touch the short sides near both ends of the second long side, respectively.

Abstract: A balun includes a first conductor winding having a first figure eight shape and a second conductor winding have a second figure eight shape. The first figure eight shape includes a first loop and a second loop. The second figure eight shape includes a third loop and a fourth loop. The first loop and the second loop are not concentric. The third loop and the fourth loop are not concentric.

Abstract: A microwave frequency tunable filtering balun is provided. The microwave frequency tunable filtering balun comprises a first microwave split ring transmission line resonator and a second microwave split ring transmission line resonator arranged in a bilaterally symmetrical manner, a fourth variable capacitor and a fifth variable capacitor of same parameters. It combines two functions of balun and tunable bandpass filter (BPF) into one circuit, resulting in a compact design. The balun characteristic and frequency-tuning mechanism are investigated, and the design equations are derived.

Abstract: A bandpass filter for a wide frequency band such as UWB is disclosed. The bandpass filter can receive a pair of signals, namely a differential signal, and output a single signal, namely an unbalanced signal. A transmission characteristic of the bandpass filter having an attenuation pole near both sides of the passband can be achieved.

Abstract: A combiner/divider circuit may include a plurality of transmission lines forming a junction, a sum port, a first component port, a second component port, and a difference port. A transmission line may be associated with the difference port and may be formed by inductively coupling a portion of each of two other transmission lines. The difference port may be terminated by a terminating impedance element at a location spaced apart from the junction, with the inductively coupled portions being between the junction and the terminating impedance element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission line to waveguide transition arrangement comprising a dielectric carrier material arrangement having a first main side and a second main side, the arrangement comprising a transition portion with an opening, having at least one edge and an electrically conducting border which follows the opening and is electrically connected to a ground metalization on the second main side. A transmission line conductor extends in the dielectric carrier material arrangement towards the border. The arrangement further comprises a transitional part with a border contact section having an outer circumference that essentially follows the border's shape except for a gap dividing the border contact section. The transitional part further comprises a conductor contact section which protrudes from the border contact section through the gap, contacting the end of the transmission line conductor and extending into the opening.

Abstract: A combiner/divider circuit may include first, second, third, fourth and fifth transmission lines each including a signal conductor and a signal-return conductor. The signal conductors at a first end of the first transmission line may form a first unbalanced sum signal terminal and the signal conductors at first ends of the second, third, fourth, and fifth transmission lines may form pairs of balanced signal terminals. The signal conductor at a second end of the first transmission line may be connected to the signal conductors at second ends of the fourth and fifth transmission lines. The signal conductors at second ends of the second and third transmission lines may be connected to the signal-return conductors at second ends of the fourth and fifth transmission lines, respectively. The second ends of the transmission lines may extend into the connection region along a common line.

Abstract: One embodiment discloses an antenna structure. The antenna structure may comprise a transmit antenna element comprising a first transmit antenna sub-element and a second transmit antenna sub-element. The antenna structure can comprise a receive antenna element comprising a first receive antenna sub-element and a second receive antenna sub-element. At least one electronic component of the antenna structure may be coupled with a ground plane. The first transmit antenna sub-element, the second transmit antenna sub-element, the first receive antenna sub-element, and the second receive antenna sub-element may each comprise a first portion and a second portion. The second portion may be larger than the first portion. The first portion can be closer to a center position of an arrangement of the sub-elements than the second portion. In one embodiment, the arrangement of the sub-elements about the center position forms a four-leaf clover-like arrangement.

Abstract: There is provided a differential mode amplifier driving circuit, including: a first port having one end connected to a single signal; a second port having one end connected to a differential signal; a first transmission line having one end grounded; and a third port having one end connected to the first transmission line and the other end connected to the differential signal.

Abstract: Provided are assemblies and processes for efficiently coupling wideband differential signals between balanced and unbalanced circuits. The assemblies include a broadband balun having an unbalanced transmission line portion, a balanced transmission line portion, and a transition region disposed between the unbalanced and balanced transmission line portions. The unbalanced transmission line portion includes at least one ground and a pair of conductive signal traces, each isolated from ground. The balanced portion does not include an analog ground. The transition region effectively terminates the analog ground, while also smoothly transitioning or otherwise shaping transverse electric field distributions between the balanced and unbalanced portions. Beneficially, the balun is free from resonant features that would otherwise limit operating bandwidth, allowing it to operate over a wide bandwidth of 10:1 or greater.

Abstract: Provided are assemblies and processes for efficiently coupling wideband differential signals between balanced and unbalanced circuits. The assemblies include a broadband balun having an unbalanced transmission line portion, a balanced transmission line portion, and a transition region disposed between the unbalanced and balanced transmission line portions. The unbalanced transmission line portion includes at least one ground and a pair of conductive signal traces, each isolated from ground. The balanced portion does not include an analog ground. The transition region effectively terminates the analog ground, while also smoothly transitioning or otherwise shaping transverse electric field distributions between the balanced and unbalanced portions. Beneficially, the balun is free from resonant features that would otherwise limit operating bandwidth, allowing it to operate over a wide bandwidth of 10:1 or greater.

Abstract: A waveguide includes: a waveguide portion including a first surface and a second surface that are opposed to each other; a first transmission line provided on the first surface of the waveguide portion; a second transmission line provided on the second surface of the waveguide portion; and a first conversion structure inputting a signal from the first transmission line to the waveguide portion and converting the signal.

Abstract: A balun comprising first and second transmission lines having a shared intermediate conductor. The first transmission line may include first and second conductors. The first conductor may have a first end for conducting an unbalanced signal relative to a circuit ground and a second end for conducting a balanced signal. The second conductor may have first and second ends proximate the respective first and second ends of the first conductor. The first and second ends of the second conductor may be open-circuited. The second transmission line may include the second conductor and a third conductor having a first end connected to circuit ground and a second end for conducting the balanced signal. The second conductor may surround the first and third conductors, and one or more ferrite sleeves may surround the second conductor.

Abstract: A high-frequency module has a structure including balanced terminals, with high design flexibility and good transmission characteristics. Wiring patterns to be connected to balanced terminals of SAW filters of SAW duplexers are located on a second layer to a sixth layer of a layered body. The characteristic impedances of first wiring patterns defining a pair of parallel or substantially parallel lines match, the characteristic impedances of second wiring patterns defining a pair of parallel or substantially parallel lines match, the characteristic impedances of third wiring patterns defining a pair of parallel or substantially parallel lines match, and the characteristic impedances of fourth wiring patterns defining a pair of parallel or substantially parallel lines match.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microstrip coupler for coupling a radio frequency, RF, wave into a waveguide. The microstrip coupler comprises a conductive microstrip line having a broadened end portion, and a non-conductive slot (105) following the broadened end portion to form an antenna for irradiating the RF wave.

Abstract: A surface mountable transition block for perpendicular transitions between a microstrip or stripline and a waveguide. The transition block configuration allows for a reduction in the overall cost of a microwave circuit assembly because the circuit board to which the transition block is attached can be an FR-4 type circuit board as opposed to more expensive microwave circuit board materials.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel printed antenna that provides a low-loss transition into waveguide. The antenna is integrated with a heat spreader and the interconnection between the antenna and the output device (such as a power amplifier) is a simple conductive connection, such as (but not limited to), a wirebond. Integrating the antenna with the heat spreader in accordance with the concepts, circuits, and techniques described herein drastically shortens the distance from the output device to the waveguide, thus reducing losses and increasing bandwidth. The transition and technique described herein may be easily scaled for both higher and lower frequencies. Embodiments of the present apparatus also eliminate the complexity of the prior art circuit boards and transitions and enable the use of a wider range of substrates while greatly simplifying assembly.

Abstract: A transformer between a waveguide and a transmission-line includes a high-frequency circuit module, transmission-lines, a waveguide, and feed pins. The high-frequency circuit module has differential-pair terminals to input and output a differential signal. The transmission-lines are connected to the differential-pair terminals. The waveguide includes first to third metal walls. The feed pins are connected to the transmission-lines inside of the waveguide. The feed pins have a first distance of approximately (?g/2) from each other. One of the feed pins has a second distance of approximately (?g*(1+2?)/4) from the third metal plane. “?g” is a wavelength in the waveguide and “?” is an integer which is equal or larger than “0”. Each of the feed pins has a third distance of approximately (a/2) from the first or second wall. “a” is length of the waveguide along the third metal wall.

Abstract: To transport electromagnetic energy at high power levels, a coaxial-to-waveguide power combiner/divider comprises a length of single-conductor closed waveguide terminated at one end by a conductive end plate. A plurality N of holes is formed in the end plate. A conductive matching plate is positioned within the waveguide opposite and spaced apart from the conductive end plate and spaced apart from the inner walls of the waveguide. A plurality of coaxial input/output ports each comprise an outer conductor that is electrically and mechanically terminated at the end plate about one hole and an inner conductor that extends through the associated hole into the waveguide and is electrically and mechanically terminated at the underside of the matching plate. The location and geometry of the matching plate and physical arrangement of the N ports are chosen so that the sum of the direct reflection and the N?1 coupled reflection contributions are small.

Abstract: A Marchand balun circuit includes a Marchand balun, an unbalanced matching circuit, and a balanced matching circuit. The Marchand balun includes an unbalanced terminal, and two balanced terminals. The unbalanced matching circuit includes a first and the second impedances which are connected between the unbalanced terminal and ground in series, and a first resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the first and the second impedances. The balanced matching circuit includes a third and a fourth impedances which are connected between one balanced terminal and ground in series, a fifth and a sixth impedance which are connected between the other balanced terminal and ground in series, a second resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the third and the fourth impedances, and a third resistor which is connected between ground and a connection node of the fifth and the sixth impedances.

Abstract: A balanced-unbalanced transformer includes: a balanced transmission line including paired transmission lines; an unbalanced transmission line; and two lead transmission lines connected to two neighboring end portions of four end portions of the paired transmission lines at a right angle to the paired transmission lines, wherein one of the two lead transmission lines has a first electrode face which faces the other of the two lead transmission lines, the other of the two lead transmission lines has a second electrode face which faces the one of the two lead transmission lines, and the first electrode face and the second electrode face are electrode faces of a capacitor.

Abstract: Baluns with imaginary common-mode impedance are disclosed. A disclosed balun comprises an unbalanced port with an unbalanced terminal and a ground terminal, a balanced port with two balanced terminals opposite to each other in phase, and a transmission cell. The transmission cell has a differential transmission line, a virtually-ground patch, a ground conductor, and a conductive structure. The differential transmission line has a pair of conductive traces spaced apart from each other, and is electrically connected between the unbalanced port and the balanced port to transmit a differential signal. The virtually-ground patch is spaced apart from the differential transmission line. The conductive structure electrically connects the virtually-ground patch to the ground conductor.

Abstract: Certain embodiments relate to a waveguide/coplanar waveguide (CPW) transition assembly adapted to transition RF signals from a waveguide to a coplanar waveguide (CPW), the waveguide/CPW transition assembly having at least some peripheral walls and including a central waveguide transition septum having the CPW disposed therein. The waveguide/coplanar waveguide (CPW) transition assembly includes an electronic component coupled to the CPW, and control circuitry operationally coupled with the electronic component. Portions of the control circuitry at least partially extend from outside of the at least some peripheral walls to within the at least some peripheral walls.

Abstract: A balun includes a first port connected with a port connection part, a second port connected with the port connection part at a point separated by ?0/4 from a connection point of the first port and the port connection part, and a third port connected with the port connection part at a point separated by ?0/2 from a connection point of the second port and the port connection part. A maximum width of the second port and the third port are larger than a width at a region connected with the port connection part and larger than a width at a distal end, respectively. And a maximum distance between the second port and the third port is larger than a distance between the connection points with the port connection part and larger than a distance between the distal ends.

Abstract: In a conventional Bagley polygon power divider of a planar configuration, a length of transmission lines from an input port to output ports adjacent thereto on both sides is determined to be a quarter wavelength and a geometry thereof is an odd regular polygon with each side being a length equal to half of a wavelength at a designed frequency, which is large in size. Since the output ports are located at vertices of the regular polygon, inconvenience can be caused, e.g., in arrangement of the output ports. The present invention is directed to a design wherein only a characteristic impedance of a transmission line is designated for achieving matching and wherein a length of the line is allowed to be arbitrarily selected. This permits the line length between adjacent output ports to be appropriately adjusted to a short one according to a design object, and also enables fabrication of a power divider in which output ports are aligned in a line.

Abstract: In a dielectric waveguide-microstrip transition structure for mounting a dielectric waveguide on a printed-wiring board, one object of the present invention is directed to providing a further downsized structure as compared with a conventional structure, while maintaining an influence of displacement between the dielectric waveguide and the microstrip at a low level by means of non-contact coupling.

Abstract: A high-frequency module has a wiring board including a dielectric substrate, a line conductor that is formed on a first surface of the dielectric substrate, and a first grounding conductor layer that is formed on a second surface opposed to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and that has a first opening and a second opening disposed around the first opening; and a waveguide that is connected to the second surface, has an opening opposed to the first opening, and is electromagnetically coupled to the line conductor. The wiring board has a vertical choke portion that at least partially extends from the second opening in a direction perpendicular to the second surface. Furthermore, a horizontal choke portion is formed between the wiring board and the waveguide, along the second surface between the opening of the waveguide and the second opening.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a substrate and RF coupler formed over the substrate. The RF coupler has a first conductive trace with a first end coupled to a first terminal of the semiconductor device, and a second conductive trace with a first end coupled to a second terminal of the semiconductor device. The first conductive trace is placed in proximity to a first portion of the second conductive trace. An integrated passive device is formed over the substrate. A second portion of the second conductive trace operates as a circuit component of the integrated passive device. The integrated passive device can be a balun or low-pass filter. The RF coupler also has a first capacitor coupled to the first terminal of the semiconductor device, and second capacitor coupled to a third terminal of the semiconductor device for higher directivity. The second conductive trace is wound to exhibit an inductive property.

Abstract: Provided is a marchand balun device. The marchand balun device includes: a first line connected between a balanced terminal and a ground terminal; a second line disposed horizontally parallel to the first line and forming a parallel capacitance jointly with the first line; and a coupled line disposed vertically parallel to the first and second lines and forming a vertical capacitance jointly with one of the first and second lines.

Abstract: By having stages of a single-to-balanced band pass filter, except for a stage which receives a single-terminal signal, to not be coupled to ground, noises cannot have an available path to enter the single-to-balanced band pass filter so that common-mode signals may be reduced in magnitude.

Abstract: A waveguide/planar line transducer of the present invention includes a waveguide that transmits electromagnetic waves through an opening portion, and a multiplayer substrate that includes a plurality of conductive layers.

Abstract: An RF circuit includes a balun circuit comprised of a coaxial cable having a desired characteristic impedance and having a first port coupled to a first port of said RF circuit and a second port and a transformer circuit having a first port coupled to the second port of the balun. The transformer circuit is comprised of a pair of coaxial cables, each having a desired characteristic impedance and each having a ferrite coupled thereto. The interconnects between center conductors and outer conductors in the transformer are made symmetrical such that a resonance with a frequency determined by the inductance and capacitance of the coaxial cables does not occur, preventing any nulls in an insertion loss characteristic of the RF circuit. The ferrite is selected to act as a circuit element having an impedance characteristic which is higher than the impedance characteristic of the coaxial cable.

Abstract: A waveguide coupling, in particular for a radar level indicator having a waveguide, a carrier plate and at least one feed line, wherein the waveguide is placed on a first side of the carrier plate on the carrier plate, the feed line is guided on and/or in the carrier plate into the inner area of the waveguide and the feed line terminates with an end in the inner area of the waveguide. The carrier plate is continuous in the inner area of the waveguide and thus extends beyond the end of the feed line, an electrically conductive coupling element is arranged near the end of the feed line on and/or in the carrier plate, so that the coupling element is capacitively coupled with the feed line and the coupling element serves to couple electromagnetic waves led into the waveguide via the feed line in the waveguide.

Abstract: An arrangement (100, 400, 500, 600) comprising a first plate (110, 410, 510, 610) and a second plate (120, 420, 520, 620) at a first distance (di) from each other with an overlap between them. The arrangement also comprises a third (130, 430, 530, 630) and a fourth (140, 440, 540, 640) plate between the first and second plates in said overlap so that the third and fourth plates do not overlap each other. All plates are made of an electrically conducting material, are essentially flat and plane and are separated from each other by a dielectric material. The first plate comprises an input/output port (111, 411, 511, 611), the second plate comprises a ground port (112), and the third and fourth plates comprise an output/input port (131, 141, 431, 441, 531, 541, 551). The arrangement will serve as a power divider, a power combiner or as a balm.